RU2082702C1 - Method of preparing the organo-mineral fertilizer based on coal waste - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: biotechnology, production of fertilizers. SUBSTANCE: method involves mixing the coal waste with bacterial culture of the strain Azotobacter chroacoccum "ВНИИСХУ" B-34D at mass ratio of components = (96.5:3.5)-(98.5: 1.5), respectively. EFFECT: improved method of fertilizer making. 2 cl, 1 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to biotechnology, in particular, to the production of fertilizers used in the reclamation of disturbed lands in the coal industry, as well as in the cultivation of unproductive lands in the non-chernozem zone.

 A known method for producing a complex organic-mineral fertilizer based on coal waste, which is mixed with manure, is inoculated with a bacterial culture of Bacillus mycocides, after which a humic acid preparation containing humic acids, carboxylic, Pseudomonas aeruginosa Bacillus megaterium / a.c biomass is introduced. USSR n 1609063, IPC С 05 F 11/08 /.

 This method does not require special equipment and lengthy technological operations for its preparation. However, it is applicable only in those conditions where livestock complexes are available.

 The disadvantage is that in addition to inoculating with a bacterial culture, a humic acid preparation is required.

 There is a known method of preparing a complex organic-mineral fertilizer, which we adopted as a prototype, which includes mixing coal waste with sawdust and mixing the resulting mixture with a microbiological activator using bacterial cultures of Clostridum omeljanski, Azotobacter chroococcum u Pseuclomanas aeruginosa.

 In the process of composting, periodic mixing and irrigation of the mixture with water to a moisture content of 60% of the full moisture capacity is carried out. USSR N 1332756, IPC C O5 D 9/20 /.

 In this method, to obtain fertilizer, in addition to coal waste, it is necessary to have sawdust, which limits the scope of use of this solution. The presence of three types of bacterial cultures entails certain labor costs.

 The objective of the invention is to simplify the technology of preparation, reducing labor costs and expanding the scope of use by reducing the number of components required for the preparation of fertilizer while increasing the biological activity of fertilizers.

 The problem is solved by mixing coal waste with a microbiological activator, which is taken as a strain of Azotobacter chrooccum K-1 "VNIISKHM-V34D".

 Composting the mixture is carried out at 60% of the total moisture capacity with periodic mixing of the mixture. Composting is carried out for 2-4 weeks.

 It is advisable to take coal and Azotobacter chrooccum K-1 strains in a ratio of 96.5: 3.5-98.5: 1.5.

 The strain Azotobacter chroococcum K-1 is deposited in the group of nitrogen-fixing microorganisms. It is used as a producer of physiologically active substances during reclamation to increase the fertility of unproductive lands.

 The resulting fertilizer contains industrially valuable substances, for example, nitrogen and other necessary to restore the fertility of disturbed lands, such as humic and carboxylic acids, amino acids and useful active microflora involved in soil-forming processes.

 The proposed method is as follows.

Coal wastes were used to prepare the fertilizer, consisting of 40% siltstone, 12% sandstone, 25% loam, 8% carbonaceous matter, 15% montomorillic clays having a fractional composition: up to 0.5 mm 60% to 10 mm - 40% and containing wt. CaO 11.5, MgO 9.5, K ₂ O 0.06, P ₂ O ₅ 0.8, C 0.3.

In the field, a shaft of mixed coal waste in an amount of 9759 kg with a height of not more than 30 -40 cm was laid on a dedicated site and 250 ml of Azotobacter chroococcum K-1 strain was inoculated with an aqueous suspension of a bacterial culture. A bacterial suspension was prepared from a dry bacterial culture obtained in laboratory conditions by freeze drying. The amount of bacterial culture by dry weight is 100 g with a content of 10 ^-9 cells.

The composted mixture was mixed with a VDN disc tiller. During composting, the mixture was periodically irrigated with water. During the composting period, temperature control was carried out. At a temperature in excess of 40 ^° C., the compostable mixture was mixed. A control was also carried out on the content of total nitrogen in the mixture, and after composting was completed, the fertilizer obtained was analyzed for the content of organic substances.

 The results are presented in table. 1, 2, 3 and 4.

In the table. 1, the results showed that with the introduction of a bacterial suspension of the strain Azotobacter chroococcum K-1 less than 1.5%, the content of organic substances decreases, and with the introduction of 3.5%, the content of organic substances remains almost at the level of culture in the amount of 2.5%
As can be seen from the data in table. 2, 3, 4, the use of the proposed method in comparison with the known allows to increase the content of organic substances, total nitrogen, the amount of saprophytic microflora and azotobacter. The height of the plants also increases by 1.4 times.

 Thus, the proposed method for producing fertilizer allows you to get the final product containing more valuable components compared to the known, with a more simplified technology, at minimal cost, and expand the scope, regardless of the location of the disturbed lands.

Claims (2)

 1. A method of obtaining a complex organic fertilizer based on coal waste, including mixing with a microbiological activator and subsequent composting, characterized in that the bacterial culture of the Azotobacter chroococcum strain VNIISCHM B-34 D is taken as a microbiological activator  2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the coal waste and bacterial culture of the strain Azotobacter chroococcum VNIISKHM B-34D are taken in a mass ratio of components of 96.5 3.5 98.5 1.5, respectively.

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