JP2003335596A - Granulated fertilizer and its manufacturing process - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a means for solving problems concerning pH and odor that accompany use of corn steep liquor (CSL) as a liquid fertilizer and provides an improved growth-promoting effect compared to that achieved when using CSL as the liquid fertilizer. <P>SOLUTION: Against 100 pts.wt. charcoal which can be used as a soil conditioner, such as wood charcoal, hull charcoal, bark charcoal, sawdust charcoal, coconut shell charcoal, rice husk charcoal, malt feed charcoal and activated charcoal, 10-300 pts.wt. CSL is added, and an additive comprising at least one component chosen from a calcareous fertilizer and calcium sulfate is further mixed before granulating the charcoal. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a granulated fertilizer and a method for producing the same, and more particularly to charcoal and corn steep liquor (CSL).
The present invention relates to a granulated fertilizer containing and and a method for producing the same.

[0003]

[Prior art]

CSL is a by-product produced in the dipping process for producing corn starch from corn, and has a pH of 3.
It is a liquid containing 7 to 4.1, a solid content of 45 to 55%, and about 10% of lactic acid, and has a weight of about 1200 g per liter. Since the CSL contains a protein component and other trace components, it has been conventionally used mainly as a feed or a medium for microbial fermentation, but recently, it contains nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium in a good balance. Therefore, it is also attracting attention as a liquid fertilizer.

On the other hand, charcoal has a porous microstructure,
Since it has air permeability and water retention, it has been used as a soil improver as an agricultural material.

[0006]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

However, it has been desired that the CSL exhibit a more excellent growth promoting effect as compared with the case where CSL is used as it is as liquid fertilizer. Further, when using CSL as liquid fertilizer, the pH is as low as 3.7 to 4.1, and there are problems that it cannot be used as it is and that it has an odor peculiar to CSL, and these problems are solved. It was also desired to do.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide means for exhibiting a more excellent growth promoting effect as compared with the case where CSL is used as liquid fertilizer. Further, an object of the present invention is to solve the problems when using CSL as liquid fertilizer, such as pH being as low as 3.7 to 4.1, that it cannot be used as it is, and that it has an odor peculiar to CSL. To provide the means for that.

[0009]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

As a result of intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors found that charcoal, which is porous and has air permeability, water retention and adsorption, is the most suitable habitat for microorganisms. Moreover, it was noted that the volatile content decreased as the carbonization proceeded, and many of them became alkaline due to the remaining alkaline components. Further, in CSL, attention was paid to the fact that the disulfide bond of the polypeptide chain forming the protein cross-linking structure was cleaved in the production process, resulting in disjointed peptide chains. It was found that about 90% of the products decomposed up to the following were decomposed to a state where they could be immediately used as a bait for soil microorganisms.

The present inventors can solve the conventional problems by granulating CSL particularly in combination with charcoal, and at the same time, for microorganisms, charcoal is a residence and CSL serves as a bait for synergistic effects. The present invention has been completed by discovering the point of exhibiting the above. That is, the means for solving the problems of the present invention are as follows.

First, a granulated fertilizer containing charcoal and corn steep liquor. Secondly, for 100 parts by weight of charcoal,
Granulated fertilizer containing 10 to 300 parts by weight of corn steep liquor. Thirdly, an additive composed of one or more components selected from calcareous fertilizer and calcium sulfate was added,
The granulated fertilizer according to the first or second aspect. Fourth, a method for producing a granulated fertilizer, which is produced by granulating using charcoal and corn steep liquor. Fifth, a method for producing a granulated fertilizer, which is produced by granulating 10 to 300 parts by weight of corn steep liquor with respect to 100 parts by weight of charcoal. Sixth, during the granulation, an additive comprising one or more components selected from calcareous fertilizer and calcium sulfate is added, and the method for producing the granulated fertilizer according to the fourth or fifth above. .

Here, at the time of granulation, an additive comprising one or more components selected from calcareous fertilizer and calcium sulfate,
That is, by adding an additive based on calcareous fertilizer, an additive based on calcium sulfate, and an additive based on calcareous fertilizer and calcium sulfate, the hardness and pH of the granulated product can be easily adjusted, and the fertilizer contained in CSL. It is possible to manufacture a granulated product in which a small amount of calcium is reinforced with its components.

Further, by adding a calcareous fertilizer or calcium sulfate, lactic acid in CSL is changed to calcium lactate, and the hygroscopic effect of the lactic acid can be weakened.

Further, by incorporating calcium sulfate, the binding property can be enhanced and the stain caused by contact with the granulated product can be reduced.

The granulation in the present invention can be carried out by using a general granulating apparatus such as an extrusion molding die, a rolling die, a vibration die and a mixing die.

As the charcoal, any charcoal, kunk charcoal, bark charcoal, sawdust charcoal, coconut charcoal, chaff charcoal, beer lees charcoal, activated charcoal, etc. can be used, but any calcareous fertilizer can be used. When is not blended, a high pH is desirable. For the production of these charcoals, traditional charcoal-burning techniques such as kilns, block furnaces, open hearth furnaces for the purpose of industrial mass production, screw furnaces, rotary kilns, fluidized furnaces, etc. can be used.

As the calcareous fertilizers, in addition to lime carbonate, magnesia carbonate lime, quicklime, quicklime lime, shell fossil fertilizer, and by-product limes, since the alkali content does not reach the official standard, it is not recognized as a normal fertilizer. It is possible to use shellfish powder, shell fossil powder, sugar that is a special fertilizer such as lime produced as a by-product.

As calcium sulfate, carbonic acid produced by crushing and sizing limestone, which is used as a flue gas desulfurization material which plays a role of removing sulfurous acid gas in a flue gas desulfurization apparatus required for a thermal power plant. Desulfurized gypsum made by reacting calcium with sulfurous acid gas is also available.

[0020]

[Example 1]

3 kg of rice husk charcoal and CSL diluted 10 times
Was mixed with 3 kg of desulfurized gypsum to obtain a mixture. A cylindrical pellet-shaped granulated fertilizer 1 having a diameter of 3 mm and a length of 3 to 7 mm was produced from the mixture using a disc pelleter (manufactured by Kansai Sangyo).

[0022]

Example 2

2 kg of cedar sawdust charcoal, 1 liter of 5 times diluted CSL and 5 kg of desulfurized gypsum were mixed to obtain a mixture. From this mixture, a disk pelleter (manufactured by Kansai Sangyo Co., Ltd.) was used in the same manner as in Example 1, and the diameter was 3 mm and the length was 3 to 7.
mm pellet-shaped granulated fertilizer 2 was produced.

[0024]

Example 3

2 kg of cedar sawdust charcoal, 1 liter of 5 times diluted CSL and 2 kg of desulfurized gypsum were mixed to obtain a mixture. From this mixture, a disk pelleter (manufactured by Kansai Sangyo Co., Ltd.) was used in the same manner as in Example 1, and the diameter was 3 mm and the length was 3 to 7.
mm mm pellet-shaped granulated fertilizer 3 was produced.

[0026]

Example 4

Powdered dam drift charcoal is used as charcoal, and C
SL granulation was performed. The dam drift charcoal used here is an effective use of carbonized driftwood that has been carried with a large amount of water by a typhoon, heavy rain, and snow thunder on a dam in a mountainous area. The raw material was alkaline and had a pH of 7.30.

Since CSL has a high viscosity and it is difficult to mix it uniformly as it is, 1 liter of CSL liquid obtained by adding 0.8 liter of water to 0.2 liter of CSL and 400 g of dam drift charcoal. Were mixed to obtain a mixture. From the mixture, a disk pelleter (made by Kansai Sangyo)
Was used to produce a cylindrical pellet-shaped granulated fertilizer 4 having a diameter of 3 mm and a length of 3 to 7 mm.

The granulated fertilizer 4 was measured for hardness using a Monsanto hardness meter (manufactured by Fujiwara Seisakusho) and found to be 1.13 ±
It was 0.40 kg. Further, the granulated fertilizer 4 was suspended in 9 times the weight of distilled water and the pH was measured. As a result, the pH was 7.1. Furthermore, when the granulated fertilizer 4 was examined for odor, no special odor was felt.

[0030]

Example 5

As in Example 4, 1 liter of CSL liquid obtained by adding 0.8 liter of water to 0.2 liter of CSL and diluting 5-fold with 400 g of dam drift charcoal is mixed in this example. A mixture was obtained by mixing 1000 g of desulfurized gypsum containing calcium sulfate as the main component as calcium sulfate and 40 g of lime cake, which is a sugar-producing by-product lime containing calcium carbonate as the main component, as calcareous fertilizer. From this mixture, a disk pelleter (manufactured by Kansai Sangyo Co., Ltd.) was used in the same manner as in Example 1, and the diameter was 3 mm and the length was 3 to 7.
mm mm pellet-shaped granulated fertilizer 5 was produced.

The granulated fertilizer 5 was measured for hardness using a Monsanto hardness meter (manufactured by Fujiwara Seisakusho).
It was 1.88 kg. Further, the granulated fertilizer 5 was suspended in 9 times the weight of distilled water, and the pH was measured. As a result, the pH was 6.5. Further, when the granulated fertilizer 5 was examined for odor, no particular odor was felt.

By mixing desulfurized gypsum and lime cake, the granulated fertilizer 5 has a hardness higher than that of the granulated fertilizer 4, and does not stain hands or tools for fertilization when handling. .

[0034]

Example 6

CSL granulation was carried out using alkaline coconut husk activated carbon having a pH of 11.17 as the charcoal. In the same manner as in Example 4, CSL solution obtained by adding 0.8 liter of water to 0.2 liter of CSL and diluted 5 times with coconut shell activated carbon was mixed to obtain a mixture. The mixing ratio of the activated charcoal and CSL was changed as shown in Table 1 to obtain a mixture for each mixing ratio. From each of the obtained mixtures, a disc pelleter (manufactured by Kansai Sangyo Co., Ltd.) was used to produce cylindrical pelletized fertilizers 6a to 6q having a diameter of 3 mm and a length of 3 to 7 mm.

[0036]

[Test Example 1]

Granulated fertilizers 6a to 6q obtained in Example 6
Was suspended in 9 times the weight of distilled water, the pH was measured, and the odor was examined. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0038]

[Table 1]

As shown in Table 1, the granulated fertilizer 6c becomes nearly neutral, and the granulated fertilizer 6k has a weak acidity of pH 4.55, and it is possible to adjust from neutral to weakly acidic over a wide range. It was confirmed. From Table 1, it was confirmed that the blending ratio of charcoal and CSL was 10 to 300 parts by weight, preferably 30 to 100 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of charcoal.

[0040]

[Test Example 2]

When CSL is granulated at a high concentration, there is a problem that the lactic acid contained causes a decrease in pH. Therefore, the pH is neutral to weak depending on the kind of carbide and the mixing ratio with gypsum having pH buffering ability. The following tests were conducted for the purpose of clarifying the conditions for making the material acidic. CSL was appropriately diluted and mixed with various materials (charcoal, chaffed charcoal, beer lees charcoal, gypsum) and dried at 80 ° C. Then, 5 ml of the mixture was added with 100 ml of distilled water, and pH was measured. The mixing ratio is shown in Table 2 and the pH measurement result is shown in Table 3.

[0042]

[Table 2]

[0043]

[Table 3]

As shown in Table 3, beer lees charcoal has a weakly acidic pH, but husk charcoal and charcoal are alkaline, and
It can be seen that it is suitable as a mixed material with L. Also,
P for desulfurization gypsum (waste of desulfurization process of thermal power plant)
It was used in the test because it has H-buffering ability and binding ability, but it was confirmed that there is a possibility that if CSL is appropriately diluted, it will be able to neutralize pH and be used as a soil improvement material. It was

[0045]

[Test Example 3]

In order to confirm the effect of the granulated fertilizer 1, untreated plots 1 were prepared by using a culture soil in which river sand and red tama soil were mixed in equal volumes.
With respect to the charcoal-applied section 1, the CSL-applied section 1, and the present-invention section 1, four marigolds were cultivated for each section for 53 days, the dry weight was examined, and the results are shown in Table 4 as mean ± standard deviation. . Here, in the present invention area, the granulated fertilizer 1 obtained in Example 1 was used.
Was mixed with 10% of the soil. Untreated area 1 is charcoal or C
In the coal application zone 1, the same amount of charcoal as in Example 1 was used without using SL. C in CSL application zone 1
The amount of SL applied was the same as the amount of CSL contained in the granulated fertilizer 1 of the present invention section 1.

[0047]

[Table 4]

Looking at the results, untreated plot 1 and charcoal-applied plot 1
Then, the plant hardly grew. On the other hand, in the CSL application section 1, the fertilizer component contained in the CSL caused the growth to about 7 times that in the untreated section 1. The best growth was in the inventive plot 1, which was about 24 times as large as that in the untreated plot 1, and was about 3 to 4 times that in the CSL-applied plot 1.

[0049]

[Test Example 4]

In order to confirm the effect of the granulated fertilizer 5, a soil containing river sand and Akatama soil mixed in equal volumes was used, and each of the untreated section 2, the charcoal-applied section 2, the CSL-applied section 2, and the present invention section 2 was used. For each, four marigolds were cultivated for 49 days, the dry weight was examined, and the results are shown in Table 5 as mean value ± standard deviation.
Here, in the inventive zone 2, the granulated fertilizer 5 obtained in Example 5 was used.
Was mixed with 10% of the soil. Untreated area 2 is charcoal or C
In SL 2 without using SL, the same amount of coal as that used in Example 5 was used. C in CSL application zone 2
The amount of SL applied was the same as the amount of CSL contained in the granulated fertilizer 5 in Zone 2 of the present invention.

[0051]

[Table 5]

Looking at the results, the untreated area 2 and the charcoal applied area 2
Then, the plant hardly grew. On the other hand, in the CSL application section 2, the fertilizer component contained in the CSL caused the growth to about 13 times that in the untreated section 2. The best growth was in the inventive plot 2, which was about 43 times as large as that in the non-treated plot 2, and was about 3 to 4 times as large as that in the CSL-applied plot 2.

[0053]

[Test Example 5]

In order to confirm the effect of the granulated fertilizer 6, a soil containing river sand and red tama soil mixed in equal volumes was used, and the untreated section 3, charcoal-applied section 3, CSL-applied section 3, and present-invention section 3 were used for each section. For each, 4 radish plants were cultivated for 35 days, the fresh weight of the edible portion was examined, and the results are shown in Table 6 as mean values ± standard deviation. Here, in this invention area | region 3, 10% of the granulated fertilizer 6 obtained in Example 6 was mixed with the soil. In the untreated plot 3, no charcoal or CSL was used, and in the charcoal-applied plot 3, the same amount of charcoal as in Example 6 was used. The application amount of CSL in the CSL application section 3 was the same as the amount of CSL contained in the granulated fertilizer 6 in the present application section 3.

[0055]

[Table 6]

Looking at the results, the untreated section 3 and the charcoal-applied section 3
Then, the plant hardly grew. On the other hand, in the CSL application section 3, the fertilizer component contained in the CSL caused the growth to about 4 times that in the untreated section 3. The best growth was in the inventive plot 3, which was about 11 times the growth amount of the untreated plot 3, and was about 3 times that of the CSL application plot 3.

[0057]

【The invention's effect】

According to the present invention, compared to the case where CSL is used as a liquid fertilizer as it is, a more excellent growth promoting effect is exerted, and further, there is a problem in using CSL as a liquid fertilizer. The odor point can be solved.

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (72) Inventor Ryuji Matsuo             2-3 Ichikawa Park Ha, Minamiono, Ichikawa City, Chiba Prefecture             Its C-1014 (72) Inventor Hideo Naito             1 Shinkaiyama, Miyazu character, Abi-cho, Chita-gun, Aichi prefecture             −124 Miyazu housing complex 13−204 (72) Inventor, Gouji Iwase             11-11 Meijōdai, Ujitawara Town, Tsuzuki District, Kyoto Prefecture F-term (reference) 4G004 NA02                 4H061 AA01 AA02 CC01 CC05 CC42                       DD01 EE52 FF08 GG26 LL25

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A granulated fertilizer containing charcoal and corn steep liquor. 2. A granulated fertilizer containing 10 to 300 parts by weight of corn steep liquor per 100 parts by weight of charcoal. 3. An additive comprising at least one component selected from calcareous fertilizer and calcium sulfate is added.
Or the granulated fertilizer according to 2. 4. A method for producing a granulated fertilizer, which is produced by granulating using charcoal and corn steep liquor. 5. A method for producing a granulated fertilizer, which is produced by granulating 10 to 300 parts by weight of corn steep liquor with respect to 100 parts by weight of charcoal. 6. Production of the granulated fertilizer according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that an additive consisting of one or more components selected from calcareous fertilizer and calcium sulfate is added during granulation. Method.