SU1608710A1 - Device for selecting images of objects - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to automation and computing and can be used in systems with technical vision for the selection of images of objects in the control of printed circuit boards and photomasks. The purpose of the invention is to expand the field of application by providing the ability to select the coordinates of the areas of images of objects whose cross section is less than a specified value. The device contains a television sensor 1, a quantization unit 2, a delay element 3, a filter 4, a clock pulse generator 5, a code comparison unit 6, an image number code generation unit 7, an image defect fixation unit 8, a coordinate reference unit 9. The device by connecting various the service device allows you to select and count the number of defective areas, visually assess the nature and location of defects, automatically record both the number and coordinates of the defective areas. 1 hp f-ly, 3 ill.

Description

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FIG. 7

The invention relates to automation and computing and can be used in systems with technical vision for the selection of images of objects in the control of printed circuit boards and photomasks,

The purpose of the invention is to expand the field of application by providing the ability to select the coordinates of the areas of images of objects whose cross section is less than a specified value.

Figure 1 shows a block diagram of a device for selecting images of objects; Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a block for fixing an image defect; FIG. 3 shows an example of the implementation of the block diagram of the formation of the code of the image number.

The device for selecting object images comprises a television sensor 1, a quantization unit 2, a delay element 3, a filter 4, a clock generator 5, a code comparison unit 6, an image number code generation unit 7, an image defect fixation unit 8 and a coordinate reference unit 9.

The image defect fixation unit 8 (FIG. 2) contains a code comparison element 10, a first 11 and a second 12 delay elements, a decoder 13, a HE element 14, a third delay element 15, a code generation element 16, a second decoder 17, the first element AND 18, the third decoder 19, the fourth delay element 20, the second element AND 21, the first element OR 22, the fourth decoder 23, the fifth 24 and the sixth 25 delay elements, the second element OR 26, the fifth decoder 27, the second element NOT 28, the second element AND 29, seventh 30. and eighth 31 delay elements, logical element 32, third el ment OR 33, third element AND 34, ninth delay element 35, fourth element AND 36, sixth 37 and seventh 38 decoders, tenth delay element 39, counter 40, third element NOT 41, fourth element OR 42, switch 43, element 44 memories, the fifth element OR 45, the sixth element And 46, the delay element 47, the seventh element And 48.

The image number code generation unit 7 (FIG. 3) contains a counter 49, registers 50 and 51, switches 52 and 53, a control unit 54, a delay element 55 of (n + 1) ticks, a RAM 56, a counter 57, a switch 58, an element And 59, the decoder 60 and 61, blocks 62 and 63 of the delay and the decoder 64.

Filter 4 contains serially connected isotropic compression nodes and a defocus node, which are connected

so that the output of the last compression node is connected to the input of the defocus node, the input of the first compression node is the input of the filter, and the output of the defocus node is the output, the clock inputs of the isotropic compression and defocus nodes are combined and are the clock input of the filter.

Block 9 of the reference point contains two

0 frequency dividers, the codes on the outputs of which determine the current coordinate of the television sensor solution being read and the output of which is the second output of the block, and three pulse makers, two

5 of which form sync pulses, coming through the third output of the block to the synchronization input of the television sensor, and a pulse with a duration equal to the return time of the vertical sweep,

0 coming through the first output of the block to the inputs of the initial installation of blocks 7 and 8, Logic element 32 is made on the elements with rigid logic in accordance with the table.

5 When reading images line by line, a binary image is generated. The matrix structure, which is a binary image, is such that the dark elements of the image of objects correspond to the counts aij ,. equal to 1, and light - equal to O, where i is the current element number in the line and can vary from O to n, where n is the number of reference elements in the line, including the back stroke; J is the current line number.

5Coded picture elements

the same numbers are assigned corresponding to the conditional number of the image of the object as a result of solving the following repentant J of the relation 0 and N | jL N (l-1) jLU NiO-i) and Alji, (1) where A | l M | 1 5i; (2)

d ij bi n a 0-1) 0 + 1); (3) bij aij n a (i-i) j; (4) The ratios (2) and (3) are valid only for image elements that have a negative slope. From relation (1) it also follows that in the case of the inequality L and L, the intersection region of the associated zones belonging to the same object is distinguished. Intersection area

.(five).

if a

N (i-i) j,; Nio-i), L5 O; N (i-i) j, L5 Nj (j-i) L. (6) The assignment of the next image number of the object occurs for the image elements.

NIJL NL-I aij, (7)

if N (i-i) j P NiO-i), 0, (8)

where L is the current image number of the object.

five

The initial element of the area of the negative-slope

Hij 1, (9)

esl

A (i-m-JX) -i) L 0; B (i-i) j 1

(ten)

G1 / this, the entire area is distinguished from the initial element of the region of the 1-tilt slope (9).

H ij HijU H (i-i) j n hii, (11) 10

a nb intersection region of the associated zones is constructed to continue the intersection region corresponding to the region of the union with positive and negative slope 15

Q and Qij and Q (i-i) j P hij,

(12)

Where

tsu

QIJ QijO Q (i - 1) j. Corresponds to the junction intersection of the associated zones,

hij aijn a ({| -1) P a (| -1) P ai-i, j-i (13) Simultaneously with performing the operations (1) - (13) over the input-image sample matrix,

go

pos | 1 hence the procedure of t-brief recurrent digital filtering operation

) n n +) o-S) (14)

I 1 k 1

(from)

where: 0, t; In ats; B j Bij

which leads to isotropic compression of the elements of the sample matrix. At the same time, by specifying m a priori, the allowable cross section of the image sections is determined. . 1l of partial restoration of the size and shape of a compressed intermediate image with readings Bij produces isotropic defocusing

(O 1 (t-i)

 r, v)

- (o) (y

where is 0.k; C, j BIJ; With q qj.

3, the result is a filtered image with samples Cij, which are guaranteed to enter the sample area aij of the original image.

For the filtered image, the same elements are assigned the same number in the same way as for the original, on the basis of (1) - (8), replacing in these relations a with Cij. At the same time, in the 5НТ mom assignment of the next number of the filtered object, a starting element is formed.

. Sij 1 (16)

at performance (7) and (8).

The true coordinate of the reference number of the next filtered image depends on the relative position of the elements of the image, having either a positive or negative slope. For elements with a positive slope, the count of coordinates corresponds

Xij Sijn H and (17)

and for t elements, the negative slope of the coordinate reading is transferred and is

Vij Yijn V (i-i) j

(18)

0

where ui 5i and n y {i-i) jn Cij. (nineteen)

In case the compression condition is not satisfied to continue the intersection area of the associated zones, determined on the basis of (12), then the fixation of the coordinate is performed based on the ratio

zij zij n

Z

(i-1) j

(20)

five

0

five

0

five

0

five

Where

 Cij, (21)

Logical addition of coordinates

Tij Xij and Yij and Zij (22)

gives the fixation of the defect coordinates in the event that the coordinates for the source image number aij are read more than once.

The device works as follows.

The video signal from the output of the television sensor 1 is fed to the input of the quantization unit 2, where the video signals are converted to two-graded signals.

Pulses from the generator output 5 clock pulses, which determine the synchronous operation of all the blocks of the device, arrive at the clock inputs of delay element 3, filter 4, blocks 7 and 8 of forming the image number code and fixing the defect, as well as the input of coordinate reference block 9. At the same time, the third and frame synchronization pulses go to the synchronization input of the television sensor 1 from the third output of the coordinate readout block 9, and from the first output of the block during the reverse motion of the frame scan of the television sensor 1 to the inputs of the initial installation of blocks 7 and 8 a pulse is set, the counter 57 returning to the initial state and writing O to all cells of memory element 44 by sequentially iterating all addresses of the element 44 by memory and by modifying the counter 40, the output of which is during It is connected via wiggly

the switch 43 determines the address code of the memory element 44. During the reading of the frame, the counter 40 is reset, and the address code of the memory element 44 determines the code at the third input of the defect fixing unit 8.

From the output of quantization unit 2, the two-gradation signal is fed to the input of filter 4, in which the sequential passage of the signal through the m isotropic compression nodes corresponds to the recurrence relation (14). At the output of the filter 4, the corresponding samples of the image matrix are separated by a partial defocus in the defocus node in accordance with the recurrent operation (15).

The second information input of the code generation element 16 receives signals from the output of the filter 4, and the second information input of the image number code generation unit 7 signals from the output of the delay element 3, the delay time of which is matched with the delay of the filter signal 4.

The image samples from the second informative input of the block 7 and, accordingly, the code generation element 16 are fed to the input of the control unit 54 and to the input of the delay element 55, delaying by (n + 1) ticks. The code corresponding to the associated image elements of the object, when executed (1), has the same value and is fixed at the output of the switch 58. The code of the current L number of the image of the object is stored in the counter

57 and rewritten to switch output

58 according to (7). From the output of delay unit 62, the code corresponding to the image number code of the foreground line element is fed to the first input of the decoder 64, the fourth information input of the switch 58 and the information input of the switch 52 and to the input of the delay node 63, where the code is delayed (nl) clocks .

From the output of the delay node 63, the code of the image number of the object corresponding to the adjacent element of the preceding line is removed, and is fed to the second input of the decoder 64 and the third information input of the switch 58.

If the codes of the number of image elements of the objects at the outputs of the delays 62 and 73 are zero according to (8), then at the output of the decoder 64 it is set to 1, allowing entry of the next pulse to counter 57 through the element 59 and the appearance of this pulse of one clock cycle per block output.

The process of transferring the code of the image number of the object to the output of the switch 58 from the output of the node 63 of delays and managing this process by the third control input of the switch 58 from the decoder 61 is performed according to the result of the code comparison in block 6 or code comparison element 10, the output of which 1 appears in accordance with (5), if the codes at their inputs are not zero and are not equal to each other, which corresponds to the selection of the intersection area. In this case, 1 is fed to the input of the decoder 61, at the output of which the inhibiting O is formed, and the code on

The 5 inputs of the delay node 62 are determined only by the code of the previous elements of the line, taken from the output of the node 62 delays.

Exchange of information on the number of images of objects that is recorded

0 RAM 56 from the output of the node 62 of the delays through the switch 52, is due to the fact that from the output of the RAM 56 to the first information input of the switch 57, an image number code is supplied and connected to its

5 to the output, if there is 1 on its first control input.

In addition, there is also 1 at the output of the decoder 60, which corresponds to the initial element of the negative region.

0 slope, and (9) and (10) are executed, if the code at its first input is not zero, and at the second input -. The impulse, which also appears at the third input of the block, has a duration of one cycle.

5 The selection of features in accordance with (2) to (4) is carried out by control unit 54, the output of which controls the process of code rewriting from the output of counter 49 to registers 50 and 51 and connecting them

0 outputs through the switch 53 to the address input of the RAM 56.

From the output of the decoder 60 block 7 of the formation of the code number of the image signal corresponding to the initial element

5 of the area of negative slope, is fed to the first input of the element OR 26. From the output of the node 62, delays, in turn, through the first output of the block 7 of forming the image number code, the code of

0 of the original image to the input of the decoder 13, which forms 1 at its output if there is a zero code at its input. At the output of the element NOT 14, the original image is formed, and using

5 elements 20, 24, and 25 delays, which have delays of one cycle, one cycle and one cycle, respectively, select the corresponding samples, on which the decoder 23 and 19 perform the operation in accordance with (13). At the output of the decoder

23 there is 1. if at its inputs the combination 110, and at the output of the decoder 19-1, if at its inputs the combination 10, | al 1 at the output of the OR element 26 is formed for the entire negative area, it is in accordance with (11) and occurs with feeds through the first input of the block to the 1 input of the element OR 26 pulse, which immediately appears at its output

a delay of one cycle on the element 15 of the delay arrives at the second input of the element 21, the output of which is Γ with the presence of Γ at the second input m and 21, which supports 1 at the output of the element OR 26 until the output of the decoder 19 is not Wits O.

the output of the OR element 26, a signal corresponding to the entire negative-cyclone region, arrives at the second input of the logic element 32, to the input of which, with a delay of one cycle, through the delay element 31 a pulse arrives at the output of the element I 59 in s ( 16) through the output of the element 16 form (4 | tirovani code.

The pulses at the outputs of the logic element 32 appear in accordance with the table. At the first output of the logic element | 32, a pulse arises in that case there is no negative sign, the slope corresponds to O at the second input of the logic element 32, and at the second output of the logic element 32 - 1 sign of a negative one, which corresponds to 1.

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The transfer of reference coordinates for the elemental tilt is accomplished using the element OR 33, the AND element of the deshifter 38 and the delay elements 35 and 39 as follows. The signal from the second output of the logic block 18 post- 13 is the first input of the element OR 33, the input of the element VI34 is an inverted signal from the output of the decoder whose output exists T if its input is zero. Thus, on the OR element 33 there is 1 until the end of the connected samples of the filtered-13 images, the code of which enters the decoder 27. At the output of the element 3, a signal is formed in accordance with the input of the 39 e-relay element, | using the decoder 38, at the output of which, if there is a combine-0 at the input, operation (18) is performed. The last element in an invalid sequence is output at the output of the element OR 33 and in this case the equivalent

10 15

20 25

30 35

0

five

0

five

transferring the coordinate reference to the end of the region with a negative slope.

To determine the possible defect in the areas of positive and negative slope merging, the intersection signal from the output of the code comparison unit 6 is fed through the second input of the defect fixing unit 8 to the inputs of the selector 10, the control element 11 and the input of the decoder 17, at the input of which a pulse is generated, . corresponding to the end of the intersection area, and goes to the first input of the element OR 22, the output of which exists 1 until the second input of the element AND 18, determined by the signal from the output of the decoder 19, is 1. From the output of the element OR 22, the signal corresponding to the fusion of image elements with positive and negative slopes goes to the first input of the element 29, the second input of which receives the counts of the filtered image from the output of the decoder 27,

At the output of element 29, a signal is selected in accordance with (21) if there are no samples of the filtered image in the area of merging elements with positive and negative slopes, and is fed to the inputs of delay element 30 and decoder 37, at the output of which a pulse is generated according to (20).

The pulses, each of which has a duration of one cycle, from the outputs of the decoder 37 and 38 and from the first output of the logic element 32 arrive at the inputs of the OR element 42, which performs the logical addition operation in accordance with (22). From the output of the element OR 42, the signal goes to the input of the memory element 44, to the second input of the element AND 48 and through the element OR 45 to the first input of the element AND 46. Since the moment of appearance of the pulse at the output of the element OR 42 coincides with the moment of appearance of the clock pulse At the input of the AND 48 element, at the moment of applying the clock pulse on the And 48 element, an analysis is made of the information recorded at the address in the memory element 44 of the code of the numbers of the original image.

The recording of 1 into memory element 44 is delayed with respect to the moment of the appearance of a pulse at the output of the element OR 42 because pulses are. taken from the output of the element And 46, are delayed with respect to the clock pulses (due to the delay on the element 47 delay) supplied to the second input of the circuit And 46, for a time slightly longer than the productivity of the clock pulses.

Therefore, first, an analysis is made of the information previously recorded in the memory element 44 on the And 48 element, and then the recording. The pulse at the output of the AND 48 element and removed from the output of the defect fixing unit 8 occurs only if the signal at the output of the OR 42 element appears more than once for the same code of the original image number, which indicates the presence of a defect in the image corresponds to the fact that the cross section of the image is less than a specified value. The coordinates of the defect correspond to the code taken from the second output of the coordinate reading unit 9 at the moment when the signal at the output of the defect fixing unit 8 occurs.

Claims (2)

A device for selecting images of objects is part of a system with a technical vision and allows, by connecting various service devices, to perform well-defined functions. Connecting the counter with the indicator to the output of the block 8 of the image defect fixation allows to select and count the number of defective areas. Connecting the display module in the form of a graphic display to the output of the block 8 for fixing an image defect allows visual assessment of the nature and location of the defects. Connecting a computer through an interface allows you to automatically record both the number and coordinates of the defective areas. Claim 1. Device for selecting images of objects comprising a television sensor, a quantization unit, the input of which is connected to the output of a television sensor, a clock pulse generator, a code number generating unit of the image number and a comparison unit, whose information inputs are connected to the first and second inputs of the code generation unit image numbers, and the output of the code comparison unit is connected to the first information input of the image number code generation unit, the clock one whose input is connected to the output g clock pulse generator, characterized in that, in order to expand the scope of application by providing the ability to select the coordinates of image areas of objects whose cross section is less than a predetermined value, a filter is introduced into it, a delay element whose output is connected to the second information input of the number code generating unit image, and the input is connected to the output of the quantization unit and the input of the filter, fixing the image defect, the first information input of which is connected to the filter outputs, the second information input - with the output of the code comparison unit, 5 the third and fourth information inputs - with the first and third outputs of the image code generation unit, respectively, the coordinate reference block, the first output of which is connected to inputs 10 of the initial installation of the block forming the image number code and block fixing the image defect, and the third output is connected to the synchronization input of the television sensor, clock inputs The delay element 15, the filter, the defect fixation unit and the input of the coordinate reference unit are combined and connected to the output of the clock generator, the output of the defect fixation unit and the second output of the coordinate counting unit are the device output. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the defect fixing unit contains the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth and seventh decoders, 25 the first, second and third elements are NOT, the first, second, third , fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth and eleventh delay elements, first, second, third, fourth and fifth elements 30 OR, first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth and seventh AND elements, code comparison element, code generation element, counter, switch and memory element, first information input the code generation element is the first information input of the block, the second information input of the code generation element is connected to the output of the code comparison element, the first and second 0 information inputs of which are connected respectively to the first and second outputs of the code generation element, the clock input of which is clock input block and connected to the clock inputs of the first, second and third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth and eleventh delay elements, information The fourth input of the delay element is the second information input of the block, the first information input of the switch is the third information input of the block and is connected to the input of the first decoder, the output of which is connected to the 5 input of the first HE, the output of which is connected to the information input of the first delay and the first information input of the third decoder, the second information input of which is connected to the output of the second decoder. the output is connected to the first inputs of the first and second elements, And the outputs of the first, second and third delay elements are connected to the first, second and third information inputs of the second decoder, respectively; the output of the fourth delay element is connected to the first information input of the fourth decorator, the second the information input of which is connected to the input of the fourth delay element, and the output is connected to the first input of the first OR element, the second input of which is connected to the output of the first electronic tape AND, the second input costly connected to the output of the fifth delay element, whose information input is connected to the output of the first element OR and the first input of the third element AND, the first input of the BToiporo element OR is the fourth input of the block, the second input of the second element OR is connected to the output of the second element AND, the second input which is connected to the output of the sixth delay element, the information input of which is connected to the output of the second OR element and the first input (} by the input input of the logic element, the second information input of which (connected to the output eighth element bum fgki information entry which is connected to the input of the coded unit formation element, the output of the 5th decoder is connected to the input of the second element NOT and the second input of the third element I, the output of which is connected to the information input of the seventh-mute delay element whose output under keys to the first information input y of the sixth decoder, the second informat Mat ion input of which is connected to the output of the third element AND, and the output connected to the first input of the fourth OR element, the second and third inputs of which are connected respectively to the first output the logic element and the output of the seventh decoder, the first and second five informational inputs of which are connected respectively to the outputs of the tenth delay element and the third OR, the first and second inputs of which are connected respectively to the second output of the logic element and the output of the fourth element AND, the first and second inputs of which are connected respectively to the outputs of the second element NOT and the ninth element 0 delay, the information input of which is connected to the output of the third OR element and the information input of the tenth delay element, the first output of the code generation element is connected to the input of the fifth 5 of the decoder, the clock input of the fifth decoder is connected to the first output of the code generation element, the clock input of which is connected to the first input of the fifth OR element, the output of which is connected to 0 is the counting input of the counter, and the second input is the input of the initial installation of the block and is connected to the same inputs of the code generation element and the switch, the second inputs of the fifth OR element, The 5th fifth AND element and the input of the third element are NOT, the output of which is connected to the Reset inputs of the counter and the switch, the second information input of which is connected to the output of the counter, and the output to the information input of the memory element whose recording input is connected to the output of the fourth OR element, the first input of the fifth OR element, the output of which is connected to the first input of the sixth element AND, the second input of which is connected to the output of the eleventh delay element, and the output to the reading input of the memory element whose output is connected to the first Valid seventh AND gate, vto0 swarm and third inputs connected respectively to the output of the fourth OR gate and the input of the eleventh delay element, and the output is the output unit. 0 four  P i FL h   i  VTV ll-j LEP 4 frb ra -s IS l I