SU1527410A1 - Pneumatic pick member - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the mining and construction industry and can be used to destroy rocks, frozen and rocky soils. The goal is to increase the shock power by increasing the pre-shock speed and reducing the idling time of the striker (U) 2. The hammer contains the working tool (PI) 1, the handle 3 with the trigger mechanism, and the cylinder body (CC) 4 with the inlet 6 and the exhaust 5 channels, a discharge chamber 12 of atmospheric pressure and a chamber 11 of a stroke. In CC 4, a 2 is installed with a blind and 9 longitudinal channels with a radial bore 10. In a blind channel U 2, a rod 13 is installed with a length not less than the overall stroke of U 2, supported by RI 1 and forming an idle chamber 14 in the canal. In order to increase the shock power, the 2 is designed as a deaf cup facing the blind end towards the chamber 11. In the wall 2, radial inlet through channels 17 are provided, which inform the chamber 8 of the net pressure in CC 4 and the chamber 14 among themselves. Channels 17 m. made in the form of Rus with a total cross section that increases towards RI 1. In the area of channels 17 in U 2 m. an axial bore is formed, which forms an intermediate movable chamber with CC 4, or channels-grooves 15 connecting channels 17 with chamber 8. When turned on, air from chamber 8 through channels 17 enters chamber 14 and G 2 rises. After opening the holes 10, the compressed air from the chamber 8 enters the chamber 11, Y 2 slows down and starts working before the collision with the RI 1. Running channels 17 along the entire length of the channels-grooves 15 allows you to intensively fill the chamber 14 and maintain sufficient pressure in it to increase the idling speed and ensure the fastest possible emptying during the working stroke. 3 hp f-ly, 3 ill.

Description

It contains a working tool (RI) 1, a handle 3 with a trigger mechanism, and a cylinder housing (CK) 4 with inlet 6 and outlet 5 channels, an atmospheric pressure chamber 12 and a working stroke chamber 11. In КЦ 4 installed У 2 with a blind and longitudinal 9 channels with a radial hole

10. In the deaf channel Y 2 a rod 13 is installed with a length of at least overall stroke Y 2 resting on the RI 1 and forming an idle chamber 14 in the deaf channel. Dp of increase of shock power U 2 is made in the form of a deaf cup, facing a blind end towards the camera

11. In the wall 2 there are radial through channels 17 of the inlet, informing the chamber 8 of the network pressure

in CC 4 and camera 14 among themselves. Channels 17 m. 6 made in the form of Rus f. total flow area increasing towards RI 1. In the area of channels 17 in U 2 m. an axial groove is formed, which forms an intermediate movable chamber with CC 4, or channels-grooves 15 connecting channels 17 with chamber 8. When turned on, air from chamber 8 through QA channels 17 enters chamber 14 and U 2 rises. After opening the openings 10, the compressed air from chamber 8 enters chamber 11, U 2 slows down and starts working until contact with RI 1. Running channels 17 along the entire length of channels-grooves 15 allows intensively filling chamber 14 and maintaining sufficient pressure to increase speed

Q idle and provides the fastest emptying during the working course. 3 hp f-ly, 3 ill.

The invention relates to the mining industry and the construction, in particular to pneumatic impact devices used to destroy rocks, frozen and rocky soils.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the impact power by increasing the pre-shock speed and reducing the idling time of the impactor.

Figure 1 shows a hammer with a groove channel connecting the radial inlet channels to the annular chamber of the network pressure in the cylinder, a partial longitudinal section; Fig. 2 shows a drummer with an axial groove (flat face) and a blond radial tubule with an increasing longitudinal section; on fig.Z - the same, with a groove channel and rusami radial channels in it.

A pneumatic hammer contains a working tool 1, a hollow drummer 2, a handle 3 with any known trigger mechanism (not shown), a cylinder body 4 with exhaust channels 5, inlet channels 6 and an annular bore 7 forming the annular chamber 8 with the side surface of the drummer 2 network pressure. Drummer 2 in the form of a glass with a blank wall-bottom has a longitudinal inlet-outlet channel 9 with a radial hole

10 facing the side surface of the hammer from the side of tool 1

0 and to the end surface on the side of the handle 3, which connects, periodically, the controlled working chamber 11 and the atmospheric pressure chamber 12 to each other. In the inside

5, the cavity of the striker 2 has a rod 13 supported by the working tool 1. And forming with its end face with the walls of the cavity a controllable idling chamber 14. On the side

0 the surface of the striker 2, which interacts with the cylinder body 4, has grooves 15 (or flats 16), in which radial through channels are made along their length

5 17 (or the Rus of the through radial channels 18) of the inlet, periodically connecting the chambers 8 and 14 to each other.

The rod 13 is made along the length - not less than the overall stroke length of the striker 2. The working tool 1 is held relative to the cylinder body, for example, by an end spring 19, and the channels 5 of the release are protected by drainage rings 20 from penetration of the ppevaty particles through them into the chamber 12.

Pneumatic hammer works as follows.

The controlled chamber 11 of the working stroke is connected through channels 9 and apertures 10 with an atmospheric chamber 12, which, by means of channels 5 protected by a drainage ring 20, communicates with the atmosphere (Fig. 1-3).

When the handle 3 starting device is turned on, air from the network enters through channels 6 in the cylinder body 4 into the annular chamber 8 of the network pressure formed by the bore 7 and the side surface of the impact 2. The chamber 8 through the air through the inlet channels 17 in the channel-groove 15 (FIGS. 1 and 3) or the flattener 16 (FIG. 2) on the impactor 2 enters the controllable idling chamber 14. Under the action of a pressure pulse from the chamber 14 side, the rod 13 is pressed against the working tool 1, and the hammer 2 begins to move towards the handle, making an idling stroke. In this case, the tool 1 is pressed out of the cylinder body 4, but is kept by the force of the end spring 19 from falling out. As the striker 2 moves, the air from the chamber 8 through the channel-groove 15 and the radial through channel 17 of the inlet or the cable of the through channel 18 of the inlet in the channel-channel 15 (fig. 3), or the cable of the through channel 18 in the lip 16 enters the camera 14, maintaining in it, despite the increasing volume, sufficient air pressure to idle.

Overcoming the increasing back pressure of the air from the chamber 11 side, the hammer 2 opens the holes 10 in the chamber 8, and compressed air from it begins to flow through channel 9 into the chamber 11, having carried out intensive braking of the hammer.

Channels 17 and 18, through channel grooves 15 or flats 16, provide an intensive filling of chamber 14 with compressed air in an amount sufficient to form a no-load force impulse. At the same time, intensive filling provides the necessary speed of movement of the striker throughout the no-load part. This makes it possible to increase the stroke speed of the striker and, consequently, its potential energy and shortens the cycle time. When aligning the impulses of movement and back pressure in

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the chamber 11, the impactor 2 stops, and then, under the action of the difference in pressure of the compressed air from the chamber 11 and the chamber 14, the impactor begins to move rapidly towards tool 1, making a working stroke.

As it moves, the impactor 2 additionally compresses the air in chamber 14 to the magnitude of the network pressure. Therefore, the filling of chamber 14 from chamber 8 with the network air may not occur, and at a pressure higher than the net flow of air, chamber 14 enters chamber 8 through channels 1 7 or 18 in channels-grooves 15 or flats 16. possible air leaks from chamber 14 and a decrease in it, the air pressure below the network chamber 14 is filled from chamber 8 by channels 17 or 18 with network air, thus maintaining the pressure in chamber 14 close to the network one.

By overcoming the resistance of the air back pressure from the chamber 14 side due to a significantly larger area and pressure pulse from the chamber 11 side, the impactor 2 will block the channel 10 from the chamber 8 side and the supply of network air to the chamber 11 through channel 9 will stop.

Further expansion of the air in chamber 11 by increasing its volume occurs until the opening of channel 9 in chamber 12. As a result of this, the process of exhausting exhaust air from chamber 14 through channels 9 and opening 10 into chamber 12 and channels 5 into the atmosphere will begin. At the same time, the air back pressure from the chamber 12 side is not created, the firing pin does not slow down and retains its pre-impact speed of sufficient magnitude to provide the calculated kinematic energy and impact power of the hammer. Overcoming air resistance from the chamber 14 side, the striker 2 strikes the working tool 1, and the workflow is repeated with the only difference that the subsequent idle stroke of the striker is performed under the action of a pressure pulse from the chamber 14 side with the participation of a rebound pulse from the tool, which increases impactor potential energy over time

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m of its idling, and consequently, and pressure during the working stroke.

The positive qualities of reducing the exhaust air emission noise from the chambers 11 to 12, as well as preventing the instrument from hitting the cylinder against the cylinder body, due to their mutual release by the rod 13, preloaded by air from the chamber 14 side, further improve the performance characteristics of the pneumatic hammer.

Claims (4)

1. A pneumatic hammer comprising a cylinder body with an exhaust channel, a handle and a trigger mechanism placed in the housing and dividing its cavity into the working stroke chambers and the exhaust hollow drummer with longitudinal channels for periodically communicating the working stroke chamber with the network pressure chamber and an exhaust, mounted in the cavity of the striker from the side of the working tool and a rod resting on it, which forms with its end face with the internal surface of the hollow striker the idle chamber, inlet channels connected with The chamber pressure chamber in the cylinder case, characterized in that, in order to increase the impact power by increasing the five 0 five 0 five impact speed and reduction of the idle stroke time of the striker, the latter is made in the form of a cup, surrounded by a blind end towards the working stroke chamber, the inlet channels being made in the housing wall, and the network pressure chamber is formed between the outer surface of the impactor and the inner surface of the housing by means of an annular bore made in the case, while on the outer surface of the striker radial through channels are made to periodically communicate the idle chamber with the network pressure chamber, and the longitudinal Channels are made in the body of the drummer. 2. Hammer according to Claim 1, characterized in that the radial through channels are made in the form of Rus, the total flow area of the channels in the rus increasing towards the working tool. 3. Hammer according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that an axial groove is defined on the portion of the radial through channels on the side surface of the impactor. 4. Hammer according to claims 1 and 2, which is due to the fact that in the section of the radial through channels on the side surface of the striker there are deaf channels-grooves for communication. no radial through channels with a mains pressure chamber. No. F fig.z