SU1596106A2 - Pneumatic drill hammer - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to the mining and construction industry. The goal is to increase the shock power by redistributing the pressure pulses in the chambers of the worker and idling, increasing the pre-shock speed and reducing the idling and working times of the hammer. The hammer contains a working tool 1, a stepless cylinder body 4 with outlet 5 and inlet 6 channels, annular chamber 8 of network pressure, chamber 13 of atmospheric pressure and chamber 12 of a stroke. In case 4, a drummer is installed, inside which rod 15 is installed, supported by working tool 1 and forming an idling chamber 14 with the drummer, connected by a radial channel 17 to the chamber 8. In the wall of the drummer, a longitudinal inlet-outlet channel 9 is made from the working stroke chamber 12 and radial through channels 11 of the bypass crossing channels 9. The cross section of radial channels 11 increases with a decrease in the volume of the idling chamber 14. When air is supplied to chamber 14, drummer 2 starts idling, when moving upward, it sequentially tears off channels 11 and air enters chamber 12. The drummer brakes and is pumped, and then begins to accelerate toward tool 1 and strikes. In this case, channels 11 gradually overlap, which leads to periodic and simultaneous communication of chambers 12, 14 with chamber 8. This allows an increase in the preliminary impact speed, a decrease in the idle and working time, and, consequently, an increase in the impact power. 2 Il.

Description

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The invention relates to mining. Lenius and construction, in particular for pneumatic percussion devices used to destroy rocks, frozen and rocky soils. 5

The purpose of the invention is to increase the impact power due to the redistribution of pressure pulses in the chambers of the worker and idling, an increase in the pre-jerk speed and a decrease in the idling and working periods of the hammer.

FIG. I depicts a hammer with a flat connecting radial inlet channels into the idling chamber with the annular chamber of the network air in the cylinder and the radial through channels of the bypass, intersect - | g, the inlet – outlet channel, a partial longitudinal section; in fig. 2 - drummer with bald and blond radial through bypass channels with variable longitudinal section, option.

A pneumatic hammer contains a working tool 1, a drummer 2, a handle 3 with a starting device (not shown), a stepless cylinder body 4 with exhaust channels 5, inlet channels 6 and an annular undercut 7 forming an annular 2 with the side surface of the impactor 2 chamber 8 network pressure.

The drummer 2 in the form of a glass with a deaf wall bottom on the handle side is provided with a longitudinal inlet 9 of the inlet and a radial through channel 10 of the bypass 30 or two bypass channels I intersecting the channel 9 with access to the side and end surfaces of the drummer, connecting according to from the position of the hammer, periodically or controlled chamber 12 of the working stroke and chamber 13 of the atmospheric air, or simultaneously the cameras 12, 8 and the camera 14 of idling in the drummer between themselves. A rod 15 is mounted in the chamber 14 of the striker 2, supported by the working tool 1 and forming an idle controlled chamber 14 at its end with the walls of the blind channel. On the side surface of the impactor 2, which interacts with the cylinder body 4, is made a flat 16 (or channel-groove), in the area of which a through radial channel 17 of inlet 45 (or channels of through radial channels) is made, periodically connecting chambers 8 and 14 between them . The rod 15 is made along the length not less than the overall stroke of the striker 2. The working tool 1 is held relative to the cylinder body, for example, by an annular spring 18, and the exhaust channels 5 are protected by drainage rings 19 from getting dust particles into the chamber 13 through them.

The air hammer works as follows.

According to the position shown in FIG. 1 and 2, the controllable chamber 12 of the working stroke, through channels 9 and 10, is in communication with the chamber 13 of atmospheric pressure, which, by means of channels 5, protected by a drainage ring 19, is in communication with the atmosphere. When the trigger 3 of the handle 3 is turned on, air from the network enters the channels 6 in the cylinder body 4 into the annular chamber 8 of the network pressure formed by the recess 7 and the side surface of the striker 2. From the chamber 8 air through the through channels 17 of the inlet in the section 16 of the striker 2 enters the controlled idling chamber 14. Under the action of a pressure pulse from the chamber 14 side, the rod 15 presses against the working tool I, and the hammer 2 begins to move towards the handle, making an idling stroke. In this case, the tool 1 is pressed from the cylinder body 4, but is kept by the force of the end spring 18 from falling out. As the striker 2 moves, the channel 10 closes and the air release from the chamber 12 stops, and the air from chamber 8 along the lip 6 and the inlet radial through channel 17 enters the chamber 14, maintaining in it, despite the increase in volume 1iS, the total air pressure to idle.

Continuing movement, the drummer 2 sequentially opens the channels of the through bypass channels 11 and due to its intersection with channel 9, the compressed air flows from chamber 8 to chamber 14 and through channel 9 to chamber 12. The filling of chamber 14 is thus more intensive. The braking of the impactor 2 will become more noticeable after equalizing the air pressure in chamber 14 to the magnitude of the network and increasing the backpressure in chamber 12 due to air flowing through channel 9 from chamber 8 and additional compression of air in chamber 12 by the impactor. The channels 17, by means of a lip 16, provide an intensive filling of the chamber 14 with compressed air in an amount sufficient to form a power pulse of the idling pressure. At the same time, intensive filling provides the necessary speed of movement of the striker throughout the entire idling area. This makes it possible to increase the stroke of the striker, and therefore its potential energy, and to reduce the idling time of the striker. When the impulses of movement and backpressure in chamber 12 are equalized, the impactor 2 will stop, and then under the action of the pressure difference between the compressed air from the side of chamber 12 and chamber 14, the impactor will start moving toward Instrument 1 in an accelerated fashion.

As it moves, shock 2 additionally compresses the air in chamber 14 to the magnitude of the network pressure. Therefore, the filling of chamber 14 from chamber 8 with network air may not occur, and at a pressure of & mains flow, air flows from chamber 14 through channels II, crossing drop 9, or drop 17 and 16 into chamber 12 or chamber 8. When air leaks from chamber 14 and the air pressure drops, the network 14 fills From chamber 8 by means of channels 17 or 11 and 10 with network air, thus maintaining pressure in chamber 14 close to the network one.

Overcoming the resistance of the air backpressure from the chamber 14 side, due to the considerably larger area of the hammer from the chamber 12 side and the air bypass from the chamber 14 to the chamber 12 and the pressure pulse difference from both chambers, the hammer 2 moves rapidly and blocks Channels II and 10 from the chamber 8 and 14. The supply of mains air to chamber 12 through channel 9 will cease. At the same time, due to the bypass of air from chamber 14 to chamber 12, the back pressure in chamber 14 decreases or is kept constant, and air pressure from chamber 12 rises more intensively and, as a result, the impactor increases its speed in relation to the known. Due to the accelerated (or not dramatically slowing down) movement of the striker during the working stroke, the hammer power will increase. Further expansion of the air in chamber 12 by increasing its volume occurs until the opening of channel 10 in chamber 13. As a result, the process of exhausting exhaust air from chamber 12 through channels 9 and 10 into chamber 13 and channels 5 into at- will begin.

the mosphere. Having overcome the air resistance from the chamber 14 side, the drummer 2 will strike the working tool 1 and the workflow will repeat with the only difference that the subsequent idler of the hammer is performed under the action of a pressure pulse from the chamber 14 side with the participation of a rebound pulse from the tool. This will increase the potential energy of the striker during its idling time, and, of course, the kinetic energy during the working stroke.

The positive qualities of reducing the exhaust air exhaust noise from chambers 13 and 12, as well as preventing the instrument from striking the cylinder body due to their mutual release of the rod 15 with pre-compressed air from the chamber 14, further improve the performance characteristics of the wind chimeter.

Claims (1)

 Invention Formula Air Hammer auth.St. 5 No. 1527410, characterized in that, in order to increase the impact power by redistributing the pressure pulses in the working and idling cells, increasing the pre-impact speed and reducing the idle and working time 0 drummer has radial through channels for simultaneously and periodically communicating the idle and working chambers with the network pressure chamber. W