SU149272A1 - The method of cultivation of tilled crops, such as corn for stubble, and the combined hinged multisection machine for its implementation - Google Patents

Description

METHOD OF CULTIVATION OF BREEDING CULTURES, FOR EXAMPLE

CORMS ON GROUND, AND COMBINED HINGED

MULTI SECTION MACHINE FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION

It was filed on February 4, 1961, No. 696149/752636/30

to the Committee on Inventions and Discoveries at the Council of Ministers of the USSR Published in «Bulletin of inventions No. 15, 1962

Methods are known for the cultivation of row crops, such as corn for stubble, using mounted multisection machines.

For the purpose of cutting, machine operations and labor costs, the proposed method of cultivating row crops and nivy provides for the treatment of stubble from under spike crops with strips using a multi-section machine that loosens the soil, sows mineral fertilizers under the casing of the milling sections and seeds in each strip, followed by compacting the entire width of the stripes or only the areas of seed placement in them.

The combined hinged multisection machine used to implement the proposed method of cultivating tilled crops, which includes several active milling sections, sowing devices for mineral fertilizers and seeds, and packing rolls, differs from those known in that sowing devices and openers can be turned off from work by lifting them to transport position. Such an embodiment of the machine makes it possible to use it as a tool for processing between the rows.

FIG. 1 shows the scheme of the proposed combined multi-section mounted machine; in fig. 2 shows a tillage scheme using the machine shown in FIG. one.

In the central and southern regions of the USSR, lands that have come out from under early grain crops are used to obtain an additional crop of maize and other crops.

However, after plowing up stubble, the soil loses moisture and dried seeds do not germinate for a long time.

№ 149272

This is facilitated by the imperfect agrotechnology of tillage, which includes the processes of plowing, plowing, harrowing and sowing crops.

In this connection, a more progressive method of cultivating tilled crops is proposed for stubble, which consists of a single technological process of tillage and planting, and in which the soil moisture is maximally preserved, weeds and stubble residues are completely destroyed.

The proposed method of sowing maize and other silage crops on the stubble of harvested early grains is to tillage the soil with strips, the width of which corresponds to half of the inter-row spaces. At the same time, the processed strip of soil in the process of its loosening is sown at the desired depth of the silage crop (maize) and fertilizer with the subsequent, with its compaction, compacted yushim.katkom.

For tillage of silage crops using the described method, a machine is offered that consists of a hinged frame / seed-structure for a breeder, in the middle part of which is a bevel gearbox, drive w, from the shaft 2 for mowing tractor 3, for movement. active milling rippers 4 with knives 5 fixed on them.

The rippers of the machine, installed in sections, follow the driving wheels of the tractor and provide the necessary loosening of the soil before sowing. In the front part of the machine, a copy wheel is installed, its wheel 6, on the axis of which the protective casing 7 is supported. In the upper part of the casing there is a hole for fertilizing through the conduit 8 connected to the tukovyyuschy device 9. A smooth roller 10 is attached to the frame behind the casing, front which are located (one in the center, two on the sides or three in one row) coulters // with an obtuse angle of entry into the soil. Each coulter is connected to this wire 12 of the seed metering device 13 for seed. The roller frame is spring-loaded to change the pressure of the roller to the soil, depending on the state of humidity.

Adjusting the seed embedment depth is accomplished by swapping the openers along the holes in the roller frame. The change in the depth of tillage with active rippers is carried out by a screw. a four-link mechanism. 14. When sowing one crop row, the central opener is left; with two-bottom seeding, the outer coulters are installed, and the central coulter is removed. In the case of three-line sowing, all three coulters are used, which are supplied with seeds from the seed box, at the bottom of which there are sem wires. In the case of scattering of small-seed crops, the seeding is carried out by a roller, in front of which, instead of coulters, a spreading ramp is installed. Such crops can occur when sowing forage grasses between the row crops in the growing season during the last cultivation. The arrangement of the sections to the desired width between the rows is carried out by pushing the sections along the drive shaft having a longitudinal keyway. At the same time, the middle section remains stationary. In order to use the plant for fertilizing plants with mineral fertilizers and weed control, it is sufficient to take the leads of the rollers with openers, turn off the sowing unit drive and, after moving the whole unit on / g between the rows, carry out mechanical loosening soil and weed control. At the same time, mineral fertilizers are evenly distributed throughout the loose layer to the entire depth of loosening. So that young plants do not fall asleep with earth, the lower edges of protective covers are located above the ground so that

they prevent the soil from scattering to the side. Adult plants are protected from injury by streamlined casings.

To combat weeds and loosen the soil between the spaces, it is possible to turn off the sowing devices and the roller, as well as the possibility of sowing perennial grasses between the fields of the silage crop during the cultivation of the spaces between the spaces by half the space between the rows (Fig. 2).

Subject invention

Claims (2)

1. A method of cultivating propacia crops, such as corn for stubble, characterized in that, in order to reduce mashing operations and labor costs, the treatment of stubble from spike crops is done in strips using a combined hinged multisection mash, which loosens the soil, sowing mineral fertilizers under the cover of the milling sections and seeds in each strip with the subsequent rolling of the entire width of the strips or only the areas where seeds are placed in them. 2. A combined hinged multisection machine for carrying out the method according to claim 1, comprising several active milling sections, sowing devices for mineral fertilizers and seeds, and packing rolls, characterized in that, in order to use the machine as a tool for handling between beds, Sowing devices and land sweepers are turned off by lifting them to the transport position. I pass Nashin (seeding) us (nudti ator)