SU1306481A3 - Method for producing leather and wool - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the fur industry, in particular to the production of sheep and rabbit skins, and improves the quality of the wool and leather produced. Skins after washing and skimming are placed in a picnic bath. A solution containing, g / l: 30-80 sodium chloride, 5-10 ammonium sulfate, 4-15 inorganic or organic acid, and 0.5-1.5 non-ionic surfactant, or bran jelly is used for pixellation. After pickling, the skins are neutralized or alkalinized, and then subjected to enzymatic treatment. Pancreatic enzymes or proteolytic enzymes, either produced by molds, or enzymes of bacterial origin, or mixtures thereof, are used for enzymatic treatment. Then the skins are dehydrated in a centrifuge and defolted. 5 hp f-ly. § CO with about O5 4 00 cm

Description

one

The invention relates to fur industry, in particular to the production of sheep and rabbit skins, the hair of which is suitable for processing in textile industry.

The aim of the invention is to improve the quality of the resulting dehairing of wool and leather,

The essence of the invention is that prior to the enzymatic treatment of the hides, a preliminary non-swellable acid pickling is carried out at 20-30 ° C in

for 6-48 hours, and for 13

however, neutralization of the pickled hides is carried out.

In this case, for acid pickling, a solution containing, g / l; sodium chloride 30-80, ammonium sulfate 5-10, inorganic or organic acid 4-15, and non-ionic surfactant 0.5-1.5.

In addition, bran jelly can be used for acid pickle baths.

For enzymatic processing, pancreatic enzymes or proteolytic enzymes, either produced by mold fungi, or enzymes of bacterial origin, or a mixture thereof are used.

Enzyme treatment is carried out for 10-16 hours with an enzyme content of 0.5-1.5 wt.% ..

Neutralization or alkalization is carried out with a solution containing ammonia and sodium bicarbonate.

The peculiarity of this method is that the acid treatment preceding the enzyme treatment has a strong loosening effect on the structure of collagen, so enzymes quickly penetrate to the hair follicle without damaging the skin and limiting their effect on the hair coat only by loosening without damaging it ..

In addition, enzyme treatment is carried out in a neutral or slightly alkaline medium, which also has a gentle effect on the hair. .

The nickel v. Vanna acid (pikel) may have, for example, the following. composition: 30-80 g / l of sodium chloride, 5-10 g / l of ammonium sulfate, 4-15 ml / l of organic acid (formic, acetic, lactic, glycolic acids

-

ten

-

-

15

3064812

etc.) or inorganic acid (sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, etc.), 0.5-1.5 g / l of non-ionic surfactants.

The liquid coefficient (nickel solution, raw skin) is, for example, 15 liters of a picelnik solution per 1 kg of air-dried skin. Instead of an acidic pickling solution, you can also use a complex composition of softeners, for example, commonly used in middle-aged factories. bran jelly. or wholemeal jelly,

Proteolytic types of enzymes that destroy the skin membrane located between the chorium and the basal cells of the epidermis are also used as the dehairing active enzyme; in such a way that, first of all, the hair is separated, but there is no disintegration of the skin. Such enzymes are marketed products and are used in leather processing with softening for dehairing leather, for peptizing and for improving the neck. These enzymes include proteolytic enzymes produced by Aspergillus oryzae molds. Asp, effesus. Asp. parasicitus. Asp, flavus, pentidIdrolases, pancreatic enzymes, such as trypsip, then enzymes of bacterial origin (B. myooides, B, megathervum. B, 35 cententerium). Also suitable are mixtures of pancreatic enzymes and enzymes produced by mold fungi, or mixtures of pancreatic enzymes and protease of bacterial origin.

For loosening wool, an enzyme bath with a concentration of 0.5-1.5 wt.% Is used, namely at a pH optimum for the action of the enzymes, at 25-35 and a treatment time of 10-16 hours.

20

25

thirty

40

45

As suitable enzyme preparations should be mentioned: Batan

50 W 2100 (Hohst AG, Germany), Ogorop

(Rohm GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany), Arazym, Rohazym (Rohm GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany). Preparations were suitable for enzymatic pretreatment.

5 Eropal and Fereon (Rohm GmbH).

If pancreatic enzymes are used for enzymatic treatment, then pickevic acid skins are used 3130648

Neither is treated with a solution containing ammonia and / or sodium bicarbonate.

With the help of the proposed method, it can be fully used as a hair coat: the skin, and the skin 5 of raw leather. Felt made of rabbit wool is made, suitable for the textile industry thread, and fabric can be made from it, while velor, nappa-leather or washing with suede can be obtained from the remaining gem O.

Example 1. Air-dry rabbit skins with the weight of one skin

between the washes, the wool is centrifuged each time. Golya is subjected to ashing and then fed to known treatment processes in the leather industry.

Example 2. Well-soaked, freed from coarse soils or completely washed clean with sheep's skin after atrociation are treated in a piquele bath of the following composition: 60 g / l of sodium chloride, 6 ml / l of acetic acid, 1.5 ml / l of lactic acid, 1 , 5 ml / l of sulfuric acid, 1.5 ml / l of non-ionic surfactant (Hostapur

25 () - 300 g is soaked with the famous cnoco-J5 sk). The fluid coefficient is 20-30 liters / single skin, depending on the length of the coat. The treatment is carried out in a barcary trough at 28. Pebium skins remove the core from the skin and then placed in a picnic bath of the following composition: 60 g / l sodium chloride, 5 g / l ammonium sulfate, 6 ml / l

rotate for 5

h of Osmuranic acid, 1 ml / l of non-ionogen-20 was added overnight, the next day, a surfactant (Hostapurex). Liquid

turn over for 3 hours. The total time of the pick is about 6-24 hours. After pickling the skins are laid on the tragus for one day. Then, pickled skins at 30 ° C are treated for 2 hours with a bath of the following composition: 6 ml / l of 25% ammonia, 4 g / l of sodium bicarbonate, 1.5 g / l of aliphatic alcohol, for example, cetyl alcohol.

Coefficient: 2 liters per skin, temperature: 2–8 s.

The raw skins are inverted in a barcarty trough in the specified picnic bath for 5 hours and then left overnight. The next day, 6 ml / l of formic acid is added to the picnic bath, the skins are inverted for 3 hours and again left overnight. The treated skins are laid on the tragus for one day. Instead of the above picnic bath, a picnic bath of the following composition can also be used:

The skins thus treated are kept at 30 for 10 hours in an enzyme bath of the following composition.

60 g / l of sodium chloride, 4 ml / l of mu-35 g / l: 6 pancreatic enzymes.

45

rabiaic acid, 1.5 g / l of sulfuric acid, 0.5 g / l of non-ionic surfactant (Teggolix A / Sandoz AG).

To strengthen the picnic bath, 4 ml / l of formic acid and 1 g / l of sulfuric acid are used. After acid pickling, the skins are treated at 25 ° C in the following bath: 8 ml / l of 25% ammonia, 1 g / l of aliphatic alcohol, for example lauric alcohol. In this bath, the skins are inverted for 2 hours. Then the skins are treated with the following bath, g / l: 10 pancreatic enzyme, 5 ammonium sulfate, 1 non-ionic surfactant (Lutensol AP-6),

In this enzyme bath, the skins are inverted for 30 minutes and then left for 16 hours. Then the skins are dehydrated in a centrifuge and annealed manually. Or by machine. The resulting industrial wool in pure warm water. Industrial water repeatedly

55

5 ammonium sulfate, 1 non-ionic surfactant.

After the enzyme treatment, the skins are centrifuged and the hair is removed. Washing of wool and further processing of the mole produced by example 1.

PRI me R 3. Processing is carried out ;; is according to Example I, but for acid pickling, bran sour is used, which, in terms of lactic acid, contains 10-14 g / l of organic acid and 60 g / l of sodium chloride. In this liquid, the skins are kept at 38-40 ° for 1-3 days.

The hair coat obtained by the proposed method and the skin, made from this needles, have the following quality indicators: velor leather

Tensile strength

when stretched

kgf / mm 1.2 1.0

between the washes, the wool is centrifuged each time. Golya is subjected to ashing and then fed to known treatment processes in the leather industry.

Example 2. Well-soaked, freed from coarse soils or completely washed clean with sheep's skin after atrociation are treated in a piquele bath of the following composition: 60 g / l of sodium chloride, 6 ml / l of acetic acid, 1.5 ml / l of lactic acid, 1 , 5 ml / l of sulfuric acid, 1.5 ml / l of non-ionic surfactant (Hostapur

cx). The fluid coefficient is 20-30 liters / single skin, depending on the length of the coat. The treatment is carried out in a trough at 28. Skins turn over for 5

then they will leave for the night the next day

put on the night the next day

turn over for 3 hours. The total time of the pick is about 6-24 hours. After pickling the skins are laid on the tragus for one day. Then, pickled skins at 30 ° C are treated for 2 hours with a bath of the following composition: 6 ml / l of 25% ammonia, 4 g / l of sodium bicarbonate, 1.5 g / l of aliphatic alcohol, for example, cetyl alcohol.

The skins thus treated are kept at 30 for 10 hours in an enzyme bath of the following composition.

g / l: 6 pancreatic enzyme.

five

0

five

5 ammonium sulfate, 1 non-ionic surfactant.

After the enzyme treatment, the skins are centrifuged and the hair is removed. Washing of wool and further processing of the mole produced by example 1.

PRI me R 3. Processing is carried out ;; is according to Example I, but for acid pickling, bran sour is used, which, in terms of lactic acid, contains 10-14 g / l of organic acid and 60 g / l of sodium chloride. In this liquid, the skins are kept at 38-40 ° for 1-3 days.

The hair coat obtained by the proposed method and the skin, made from this needles, have the following quality indicators: velor leather

Tensile strength

when stretched

kgf / mm 1.2 1.0

Relative

elongation at

gap (max.),% 30

Sewing strength

kgf / mm

(Specified with 10 linen thread) Properties of the obtained wool Fat content

(max.)% .1,5

Textile industry qualifications: spinning fiber.

Claims (6)

Invention Formula 1, The method for producing leather and wool is mainly from sheep or rabbit skins, including washing them. f5 3. Method POP1, characterized in that bran pickle is used for pickling. 4. Method POP.1, characterized in that enzyme treatment uses pancreatic enzymes, or proteolytic enzymes, or produced by mold fungi, or enzymes, bacterium, enzyme treatment, remote origin, or their clearing of hair, and subsequent leather tanning, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of the wool and skin obtained, before the enzyme treatment additionally, a non-swelling, acidic, pickkel-ime is carried out. at 20-30 seconds for 6-48 hours, then neutralization or alkalization of the selected skins is carried out, and editor I.Shulla Order 1470/58 Compiled by S. Rozhkova Tehred I. Popovich Corrector Circulation 374Subscribe VNIIPI USSR State Committee for inventions and discoveries 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab., 4/5 Production and printing company, Uzhgorod, st. Design, 4. five After removal of the wool, it is washed and dried. 2. Method pop., Characterized by the fact that for pickling using a solution containing 30-80 g / l of sodium chloride, 5-10 g / l of ammonium sulfate, 4-15 g / l of inorganic or organic acid and 0.5-1.5 g / l of a non-ionic surfactant. 3. Method POP1, characterized in that bran pickle is used for pickling. 4. Method POP1, characterized in that for enzyme treatment, pancreatic enzymes, or proteolytic enzymes, produced by mold fungi, or bacterium enzymes are used. 5. The method according to claims 1 and 4, which is based on the fact that enzyme treatment is carried out for 10-16 hours. when the consumption of the enzyme 0.5 to 1.5 wt.%. 6. Method as described in Claim 1, characterized in that the neutralization or alkalinization of the pickled hides is carried out with a solution containing ammonia or sodium bicarbonate. Proofreader L. Patay