SU1164625A1 - Radio frequency converter of phase difference - Google Patents

Abstract

RADIO FREQUENCY PHASE DIFFERENTIAL TRANSMITTER, containing a series-connected two-channel frequency converter and a low-frequency phase difference converter, due to the fact that, in order to increase the accuracy when expanding the dynamic range of the input signals, the input level of each signal is connected in series with the input signal level regulator. la and amplitude compressor, as well as a two-channel threshold element, a control unit and a loriation and correction input unit, and in The two-channel threshold element is connected to the corresponding outputs of the two-channel frequency converter, and the outputs are connected to the inputs of the control unit, the first output of which is connected to the control input of the first channel input level regulator, the second to the control input of the second channel input level regulator , the third - with the control input of the amplitude compressor of the first channel, the fourth - l with the control input of the compressor amplitude of the second channel, the fifth with the control input m and forming the input correction unit, an information input of which is connected to an additional output of the low frequency transducer of the phase difference, and a correction output is connected to the input of low-frequency transform 4ia | 05 ers ate difference faz.i LQ atfxef

Description

The invention relates to a radio metering technique and can be used to create phase meters and information extraction devices in phase radio engineering systems. A phase meter is known that contains two formers, two triggers, two matching elements, a counter, a frequency divider and a master oscillator. The disadvantage of this phase meter is increased error input signal amplitudes. I Closest to the proposed by the technical nature of the radio frequency phase difference converter containing a series-connected two-channel measuring frequency converter and a low-frequency phase-voltage converter. A disadvantage of the known device is the low conversion accuracy with a significant expansion of the dynamic range of the input signals. The purpose of the invention is to improve the accuracy while expanding the dynamic range of input signals. This goal is achieved by the fact that a device containing a series-connected two-channel frequency converter and a low-frequency phase difference converter has a series-connected input level regulator and an amplitude compressor at the input of each channel, as well as a two-channel threshold element, a control unit and a shaping and input unit of correction, and the inputs of a two-channel threshold element are connected to the corresponding outputs of a two-channel measuring meter frequency converter, and the outputs are connected to the inputs of the control unit, the first output of which is connected to the control input of the input channel level regulator, the second to the control input of the second channel input level regulator, and the third to the amplitude control of the first compressor the fourth channel — with the control input of the amplitude compressor of the second channel; the fifth — with the control input of the shaping and correction input unit, whose information input is connected to the auxiliary output of the low-frequency phase difference converter, and the output is connected to the correcting input of the low-frequency phase difference converter. FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a phase difference to digital converter; in fig. 2 block diagrams of executive units of a radio frequency phase difference converter; in fig. 3 - wah-. The implementation variant of the converter control unit. The radio frequency phase converter contains a two-channel measuring transducer of 1 frequency connected in series and a low frequency converter 2 of phase difference. At the input of each channel of the frequency converter, it is connected in series with the regulator 3. (4) the input signal level and the amplitude compressor 5 (6), performing a stepwise change in the signal level at the input of the frequency converter 1. The two-channel threshold element 7 is connected between the outputs of the two-channel frequency converter 1 and the control unit 8, the outputs of which are respectively connected to the control inputs of the input level regulators 3 and 4, the amplitude compressors 5 and 6 and the correction input unit 9, which is connected with an additional output of the low-frequency converter 2 phase difference and output. - with the corrective input of the latter. A two-channel transducer of frequency 1 (Fig. 2) transfers the transformed phase difference to an intermediate frequency, for example, by direct heterodyning. BLOCK 2 converts the phase difference of signals with an intermediate frequency into a voltage (into a code) and contains a phase converter 10 - time interval, quantization unit 11 and phase counter 12. The input level controls 3 and 4 are electrically controlled attenuators. The dynamic range of the attenuator control is determined from the condition Dp;, nn-1) D, the number of switching stages of the compressor 5 and 6 amplitude; Dgx is the dynamic range of the input signals of the radio frequency converter 2 phase difference over the corresponding channel; Dp is the allowed dynamic range of the two-channel frequency converter 1 for the same channel. The amplitude compressors 5 and 6 are quadrupoles with a step change in the transmission coefficient and (one of the variants) contain a series of circuits 13.1 - 13.3 and 14.1 - 14.3 with different transmission ratios, switched by switches 15 - 18. A discrete variation of the transmission coefficient of compressors 5 and 6. amplitudes Determined from the condition D DCM. The dual-channel threshold element 7 includes comparators 19 and 20 of the first and second channels. The thresholds for the comparators correspond to the maximum permissible input signal levels through the corresponding channels of the two-channel frequency converter 1. Control unit 8 (Fig. 3) It contains the drivers of the control signals 21 and 22, the inputs of which are connected to the control inputs of the regulators 3 and 4 of the input signals of the first and second channels, respectively. If the controllers 3 and 4 are made in the form of electrically controlled attenuators on the attenuation cells connected in series, the control signal formers 21 and 22 are counters that, in accordance with the output code, change the level of the high-frequency signals at the amplitudes of the compressors 5 and 6 . The inputs of the formers 21 and 22 are connected to the outputs of the elements OR 23 and 24, the first inputs of which are combined and connected to the generator output 25 clock pulses, the second inputs are also combined and connected to the forward output of the counting trigger 26. The same output is connected to the combined inputs of the elements 27 and 28 matches, the other inputs of which are connected to the corresponding outputs of the comparators 19 and 20 of the two-channel threshold element 7, and the outputs are connected to the inputs of the drivers 29 and 30 of switching signals made, for example, in the form of binary channels tchikov. The outputs of the driver 29 and 30 of the switching signals are connected to the control inputs of the amplitude compressors 5 and 6 (the control inputs of the switches 15-18), and the installation inputs are combined and through the driver 31 are connected to the inverse output of the trigger 32. The third inputs of the OR elements 23 and 24 connected to the codes of the elements OR 33 and 34. The first and second inputs of the coincidence element 35 are connected to these outputs, the third input of which is connected to the synchronization output of the quantization unit 11 of the low-frequency converter 2 phase difference, and the fourth Inverter 36 is connected to the output member 37 matches. The first input element 37 matches combined with the counting input of the trigger 26 and is connected to the inverse output of the trigger 38, the counting input of which is connected to the output of the element 35 matches. The second input of the match element 37 is combined with the first input of the OR element 33 and connected to the output of the status indicator 39, the third input of the match element 37 is combined with the first input of the OR element 34 and connected to the output of the 40 status indicator, the inputs of the status indicators 39 and 40 are connected to the corresponding codes of the drivers 21 and 22 of the control signals. The second inputs of the elements OR 33 and 34 are combined with the first inputs of the elements 41 and 42. matches and are connected to the corresponding outputs of the two-channel threshold element 7 (the outputs of the comparators 19 and 20). The second inputs of the matches elements 41 and 42 are connected to the outputs of the status indicators 39 and 40, and the outputs are connected to the installation inputs of the control formers 21 and 22

51

signals respectively. The first inputs, matching elements 43 and 44 are combined and connected to the synchronization output of the quantization unit 11, the second input of matching element 43 is connected to the output of matching element 37, and the output of element 43 is connected to the counting input of trigger 32, the second input of element 44 is connected to the output of inverter 36 and its output is connected to the setup input of the trigger 32. The direct outputs of the triggers 26, 38 and 32 are connected to the control input of the shaping unit 9 and the correction input. The trigger output 38 is connected to the first input of the coincidence element 45 (FIG. 2), the output of the trigger 26 is connected to the first input of the coincidence element 46 (FIG. 2), the second inputs of the elements 45 and 46 are combined and connected to the auxiliary output of the quantization unit 11 of the element 45 connected to the summers via the input of the reversible counter 47, the speed of the element 46 is connected to the subtractive input of the reversible counter 47. The output of the reversing counter 47 through the switch 48 connects -. yen with a correcting input of the low-frequency converter 2 phase difference (the installation input of the phase counter 12) .. The control input of the switch 48 through the driver

49 is connected to the forward output of the trigger 32 (FIG. 3) of the control unit 8 to the same output via the inverter

50 (FIG. 2) and a driver 51 are connected to the control input of the reversible counter 47. The installation inputs of the flip-flops 26 and 38 (FIG. 3) are combined and connected to the output of the coincidence element 52, the first input of which is connected to the forward output of the trigger 26, the second to the synchronization output of the converter 10 phase - time interval (Fig. 2).

The device works as follows.

in a way.

1. In the initial state, the controllers 3 and 4 of the input signal level are in the zero-attenuation mode, the compressors 5 and 6 are in the maximum transfer mode of the input signals. At the outputs of indicators 39 and 40 states, level 1 takes place. Similar signals are present at the output of the elements OR 33 and 34, and consequently,

4625

at the third inputs of the elements OR 23 and 24. A signal from the generator output of 25 clock pulses is not input to the inputs of the control signal forming units 21 and 22, and the adjustment of the input level regulators 3 and 4 is not performed. Triggers 26 and 38 are in a state in which the direct outputs have

10 place the signal O, and on the inverse signals the signal 1. At all inputs of the coincidence element 37 there is a signal 1, therefore, the same signal is also present at the output of this element.

15 Element-35 matches are closed and the clock pulses from the synchronization output of the quantization unit 11 are not received at the input of the trigger 38. At the same time, these clock pulses are unimpeded.

0 passes through the element 43 matches to the counting input of the trigger 32, causing an alternate change in its state. Through the driver 31 to the installation inputs of the drivers 29 and 30

The 5 switching signals from the inverted output of the trigger 32 receive pulses confirming the initial state of the compressors 5 and 6 of amplitude. When this input signals are received

0 to the input of a two-channel measuring transducer of frequency 1 through switches 15-18 and circuits 13 and 14 with a maximum transmission coefficient, -ch, respectively. By the signal from the previous output of the trigger 26, the elements 27 and 28 of the coincidence are closed and block the signals that come in. And the inputs of the drivers 29 and 30 switch the signals-C of the comparators

0 19 and 20 of the two-channel threshold element 7. The first inputs of the elements 45 and 46 of the block 9 for forming and entering the correction from the direct outputs of the flip-flops 26 and 38 are given signals

5 O, therefore, the elements 45 and 46 of the coincidence are locked and in the reversible counter 47 according to commands from the direct output of the trigger 32, the correction is equal to 0. Through the switch

0 48. this correction is entered into the counter 12 of the phase of the low-frequency converter 2 phase difference.

If high frequency signals are applied to the inputs of the RF phase difference converter, the signals of which do not exceed the allowable for measuring transducer 1, and the magnitude of the signals at the inputs of comparators 19 and 20 are below their response thresholds, then the states and modes of the RF phase converter do not differ from source. At the same time, the input phase difference is converted in the usual order: the phase difference of the input signals is transferred to the intermediate frequency by the measuring transducer 1, and the phase difference is converted to the pulse width in the transducer 10 - the pulse width that is filled in the quantizing unit 11 by pulses. The pulse sequence thus obtained is converted into a digital output code during a certain period of time. If the input signal level on the first channel exceeds the maximum allowable for frequency converter 1, the signal at the input of the comparator 19 becomes sufficient to trigger it. A signal 1 appears at the output of the comparator 19. At the output of the coincidence element 41, a signal 1 is also generated, with which the driver of the control signal 21 is switched to the state corresponding to the maximum attenuation of the input level regulator 3. At the same time, the signal level at the input of the comparator 19 decreases and the signal O is set again at its output. At the output of the state indicator 39, the signal O is also set, and therefore the same signal is also present at the output of the OR element 33. At the direct output of the trigger 26 the signal O is stored, the OR element 23 is opened and the pulses from the output of the generator 25 are applied to the input of the driver of the control signal 21, with which the adjustment of the level 3 regulator of the input signal is carried out. The level of the high-frequency signal at the input of the amplitude compressor 5 begins to increase. In this case, the signal O from the output of the state indicator 39 coincides with the coincidence element 37, the signal O is present at its output, and the coincidence element 43 does not pass the sync pulses from the output of the quantization unit 11 to the counting input trigger 32, the signal 1 from the output of the inverter 36 opens The 44 matches and sync pulses from the output of the quantization unit 11 provide the initial setting of the trigger 32 (O to the direct output). Signal O from the output of the OR element 33, the coincidence element 35 is blocked and the clock pulses from the output of the quantization unit 11 are not received at the counting input of the trigger 38. Thus, in the process of tuning the input level controllers 3, the shaping and correction input unit 9 is transferred to the ready mode and when the amplitude of the high-frequency signal at the input of the first channel of the two-channel frequency converter I (the amplitude output of the compressor 5) reaches the comparator 19, signal 1 appears at its output, the same signal appears at the output of the element OR 33, which blocks the element OR 23. The process of rebuilding the level 3 regulator of the input sy The drive is stopped, as the pulses from the output of the generator 25 to the input of the driver of the control signal 21 are stopped. In this case, the coincidence element 35 is opened and the first clock pulse from the output of the quantization unit 11 changes the state of the flip-flop 38, so that a signal 1 appears at its forward output, which opens the coincidence element 45 and during one measurement cycle (the time interval between adjacent sync pulses) into the reversible counter 47 from the output of block I1 quantum: the counting pulses are not entered, the number of which is proportional to the phase difference of the signals at the input of the measuring transducer 1. The second sync pulse passed through the element 35 trigger 38 returns to its original state (at the forward output O), and trigger 26 changes its state so that at the forward output of this trigger appears signal 1. Match element 27 opens and signal 1 from its output the driver of the switching signals 29 changes the state of the amplitude compressor 5 by one step of attenuation, i.e. using switches 15 and 16, a circuit is connected with a smaller

transmission coefficient, for example 13.2. High-frequency signal at the input of the first channel of a two-channel measuring converter

The frequency decreases, the signal level at the input of the comparator 19 decreases, and therefore the signal O appears at its output, which blocks the elements 27 and 35 of the coincidence. At the same time, signal 1 from the direct output of flip-flop 26 opens element 46

and the subtracting input of the reversible counter 47 from the output of the quantization unit 11 receives counting pulses, the number of which is proportional to the phase difference at the input of the two-channel measuring converter 1. With the arrival of the third clock pulse from the output of the quantization unit 11 through the coincidence element 52, the trigger inputs 26 and 38 the latter are reset. The element OR 2 opens again, the pulses from the output of the generator 25 are fed to the input of the control signal generator 21, the tuning process of the input level regulator 3 is resumed and continues until the amplitude of the high-frequency signal at the input of the first channel of the frequency converter again reaches the maximum allowable level, the comparator 19 is triggered, the process of rebuilding the 3 level regulators of the input signal is suspended (as a result of blocking the element OR 23, the element 35 matches opens and outputs clock .0 quantization unit 11 is input to flip-flop 38. With flip-flop 38 varies the arrival of its first pulse is a state member 45 matches with otkrshae and a reversible counter counting pulses are input (output from block

Quantization 1), the number of which is proportional to the phase difference of the signals at the input of the measuring converter of 1 frequency (for a given state of the regulator 3 levels of input signals). With the arrival of the second clock pulse, the trigger 38 returns to the initial state, closing the coincidence element 45, the trigger 26 changes its state so that at its direct output appears

signal 1, coincidence element 27 is opened, control signal generator 29 transfers compressor 5 amplitudes to the next attenuation stage (i.e., using switches 15 and 16, a circuit with a lower transmission coefficient is connected, for example 13.3.), a signal at the input of the first measuring channel frequency converter 1 is decreasing, at the output of the comparator 19 a signal appears which blocks the elements 27 and 35 of coincidence. At the same time, the coincidence element 46 is opened, and counting pulses are entered into the reversible counter, the number of which is proportional to the phase difference of the input signals of the two-channel frequency converter 1. With the arrival of the third clock pulse through the coincidence element 52, the trigger inputs 26 and 38 return to their original state The tuning process and re-tuning of the input level adjuster 3 is resumed. The process continues until the input level control 3 is switched to zero attenuation mode. At the output of the status indicator 39, the signal 1 appears by which the OR 23 element is blocked, the tuning process of the input signal level regulator 3 is stopped, the coincidence elements 37 and 43 are opened and the sync pulse from the output of the quanto block 11, the trigger 32 changes state so that signal 1 appears at its direct output. From this difference. From t to shaper 49, a pulse is generated by which switch 48 formed in the reversing counter 47 correction (H ,,) rewrites phase 12 into meter, after which the phase difference of the signals at the input of frequency converter 1 (H) is measured by inputting .a phase 12 counter of the corresponding number of counting pulses from the output of the quantization unit 11. As a result, the code

.-; I5 "P X

those. input phase difference (phase difference signals at the inputs of the regulators 3 and 4 levels of the input signal). At the end of the measurement, with the arrival of the next clock pulse, through trigger element 43, trigger 32 returns to its original state and the drop 1-P generated at its direct output through inverto 50 and shaper 51 zero the reversible counter 47. The whole device returns to its original state n If the signal level at the input of the second channel of the measuring converter 1 frequency exceeds the tolerable one, the comparator 20 is triggered. By signal 1 from the output of this comparator, the input level regulator 4 is switched to the maximum slack After that, the signal O is set again at the output of the comparator 20, the OR 24 element opens and the impulses from the generator 25 output coming to the input of the driver 22 of the control signal cause the tuning of the input signal level regulator 4 until the signal level at the second channel input transducer 1 frequency does not reach maximum permissible value. The comparator 20 is triggered again, the OR element 24 is locked, and the tuning 4 of the input level control is suspended. The first sync pulse received from the output of the quantization unit 11 through the opening coincidence element 35 to the counting input of the trigger 38 changes the state of the latter, the coincidence element 45 opens and the reversible counter 47 on the summing input enters the measurement result of the phase difference of the high-frequency signals at the input of the measuring converter 1 frequency. The second sync pulse changes the state of trigger 26, and the trigger 38 returns to its initial state. By signal 1 from the direct output of flip-flop 2.6 through element 28, coincidences by means of a generator of switching signals 30, amplitude compressor 6 changes its state by one level of depletion, i.e. using switches 17 and 18, a circuit with a lower transmission coefficient is connected, for example 14.2. At the same time, the coincidence element 46 is opened and the result of measuring the phase difference of high-frequency signals at the input-measuring frequency converter 1 for the new amplitude compressor 6 state is entered into the reversible counter 47 by subtracting input 25 from the low-frequency converter 2 phase difference. At the output of the reversible counter 47, a code is generated that corresponds to the phase shift (with the opposite sign) introduced by the amplitude compressor 6 when its state is changed by one step of attenuation high. karostovnrgo signal. The third sync pulse trigger 26 returns to its original state, and the tuning process of the input level adjuster 4 is resumed. The described processes are repeated until the input level control 4 switches to zero attenuation mode. In this case, the output of the reversible counter 47 forms-. c is the code corresponding to the phase shift (with the opposite sign) introduced by the amplitude compressor 4 when its state is changed by the required number of stages (correction code). At the outputs of the state indicators 39 and 40, the signals 1 and the coincidence elements 37 and 43 are open and the clock from the output of the quantizing unit 11 changes the state of the trigger 31. By switching O - 1 at its forward output, the switch 48 rewrites the correction code from the output a reversible counter 47 to a phase counter 12. Next, the phase difference of the high frequency signals at the input of the frequency converter 1 is changed. As a result, the output code of phase counter 12 corresponds to the input phase difference (at the inputs of regulators 3 and 4 of the input signal levels). With the arrival of the next clock pulse (via the match element 43), the device returns to the initial state. Thus, at any excess of the high-frequency signal at the inputs of the measuring converter 1 of the maximum permissible level by means of compressors 5 or 6, the signals at the inputs of the measuring converter 1 are attenuated; in block 9 of the formation and correction, a code is generated that corresponds to the phase shift introduced by the compressors 5 and 6 amplitude13

When the state changes, they are then entered into phase 12 counter. After the main measurement is made, the output code of phase counter 12 corresponds to the difference in the phases of the signals at the input of the radio-frequency converter.

In the states corresponding to large transmission ratios, amplitude compressors can operate in input gain mode. This makes it possible to significantly improve the signal-to-noise ratio at the outputs of the two-channel frequency converter at low signal levels at the inputs of the radio-frequency phase difference converter, which significantly reduces the basic conversion error. due to self-noise converter. At the same time, the amplitude-dependent phase shift compensation caused by changes in the amplitude compressor states, with the help of 1 dynamic range of signals at the inputs of the two-channel measuring transducer

25 14, the frequency is reduced to the required value, which allows to drastically reduce the phase-amplitude conversion error. Since the dynamic range in which the phase-amplitude error is negligible and the phase-amplitude error of the amplitude compressors is almost completely excluded from the results of the phase difference conversion by introducing an amendment determined at a given operating frequency, any technical solution can always be ensured at any frequency at the input of the measuring converter. There are no fundamental restrictions on the working frequency range and can be used from tenth to hundredths of megahertz to units and d with tkov gigahertz.

Thus, the proposed RF phase difference converter allows measurements to be taken over a wider dynamic range of input signals with an accuracy that exceeds the accuracy of the known meters.

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Claims (1)

A PHASE DIFFERENCE RADIO FREQUENCY CONVERTER containing a two-channel measuring frequency converter and a low-frequency phase difference converter in series, characterized in that, in order to increase accuracy when expanding the dynamic range of the input signals, a series-connected input signal level controller is connected to the input of each channel and an amplitude compressor, as well as a two-channel threshold element, a control unit and a block for the formation of the correction input, the inputs of two of the channel threshold element are connected to the corresponding outputs of the two-channel measuring frequency converter, and the outputs are connected to the inputs of the control unit, the first output of which is connected to the control input of the input-signal level regulator of the first channel, the second to the control input of the input signal level regulator of the second channel, third - with the control input of the compressor of the amplitude of the first channel, the fourth with the control input of the compressor of the amplitude of the second channel, the fifth - with the control input of the forming unit Ia and input correction information input of which is connected to an additional output of the low-frequency phase difference converter, and an output coupled to a correction input of the low-frequency phase difference transducer. Put.! >