SU1144631A3 - Sea water desalinating plant - Google Patents

Abstract

A DEVICE FOR DESERTATION OF SEA WATER, containing a column in which partitions are horizontally installed, forming chambers with heaters and evaporator tubes in them, in which tarels are installed horizontally, forming cavities with overflow units, condensate bypass units and salt overflow units solution, in order to simplify the device, the bypass units for condensate and the overflow units for salt solution are made in the form of glasses with holes in the upper part of the side walls and vertically arranged pipes, the lower end of which is installed inside the glasses, the upper ones are fixed respectively on. Q s plates and partitions, and the glasses are located respectively in the cavity (L and downstream chamber. With: 4 4ib Ot) 00

Description

This invention relates to automatic CKOMy control and can be used in automatic liquid level control systems, in particular, fresh water and brine in a multi-stage desalination process. A device for desalination of seawater is known, which comprises an evaporation plant comprising a column with a preheater, a circulation pump for liquid distillation and a regenerative preheater l ,. The closest to the invention to the technical essence is a device for desalinating seawater comprising a column in which partitions are horizontally installed, which form chambers with heaters and primary pipes in them, in which the plates are installed horizontally, forming cavities with evaporating pipes, condensate by-pass units and overflow units for brine 2. The disadvantages of these devices are the complexity of the design and the presence of moving elements that regulate fluid levels. The purpose of the invention is to simplify the device. This goal is achieved by the fact that in a device for desalination of sea water, there is a column in which partitions are installed horizontally, which form chambers with evaporators and evaporator tubes located in them, in which the plates are installed horizontally, which form condensate units and overflow units for saline solution, condensate bypass units and overflow units for saline solution are made in the form of glasses with openings in the upper side s walls and vertically arranged tubes whose lower ends are mounted inside the cup, fixed respectively on the upper tareli x and partitions, and the glasses are respectively disposed in the cavity and a downstream chamber. 12 In FIG. 1-3 shows possible options for the transfer of fluid (fresh water or brine) from the cavity into the lower chamber; figure 4 one of the chambers of the column. The device for desalination of sea water contains a column 1 in which partitions 2 are horizontally installed, forming chambers 4 with case 3, in which heaters 5 and evaporation tubes 6c are arranged therein arranged horizontally plates 7, forming cavities 8 with evaporating tubes 6 units for condensate and overflow units. for salt solution, made in the form of glasses 9 with holes 10 in the upper part of the side walls 11 and vertically located pipes 12, the lower ends 13 of which are installed inside the glasses 9 , the upper ends 14 are fixed on the plates 7 and partitions 2, and the glasses 9 are located in the cavity 8 and the lower chamber (not shown). The device works as follows. The holes 10 in the cups 9 are made in such a way that the total pressure drop under which these holes work is equal to LF, + - and - liquid pressure in the pipe 12; differential gradient between two successive cavities or chambers. When transferring a liquid (fresh water or brine) from one evaporator tube 6 or chamber 4 with pressure P to cavity 8 or the subsequent chamber 4 with pressure P - dR (Fig. 1), i.e. under outflow under normal conditions, the pressure drop acting on the openings 10 is LN / 1 - LH and under such conditions the expansion of the liquid occurs only in the outflow zone from the aperture 10. Glass 9 does not contain water vapor. If during the transfer of fluid the flow rate is reduced (Fig. 2), there is a tendency to empty the pipe 12, and the hydraulic selection of 4H4 becomes negative with respect to the holes 10. The total pressure drop across the holes 10, so equal, is equal. As a result, the liquid undergoes instantaneous evaporation inside the glass 9 and contains water vapor, which, due to its large specific volume, drastically reduces the cross section of the fluid flow and prevents the complete emptying of the pipe 12, as well as the transfer of water vapor from a single evaporator pipe 6 or chamber 4 into cavity 8 or subsequent chamber. Let the flow rate (Fig. 3) exceed the nominal value (the rarer case). In this case, there is an increase in the -level of the fluid in the pipe 12 and, therefore, the degree of flexibility of the installation is associated with the length of said pipe. FIG. 4 shows the chamber 4 of the column 1, in which two evaporator tubes 6 and a heater 5 are installed. The condensate discharged from the evaporator tube 6 with the serial number n is directed into the cavity 8 with the serial number n + 1 along the pipe 12. Since the distance The height between two adjacent chambers or cavities is in the range of 4-5 m, the length of the pipe may be sufficient so that with large level fluctuations in this pipe there will be no problems associated with the accumulation of excessive amounts of liquid. In addition, the brine coming from the evaporator tubes 6 is collected in the cavity 8, whereby the liquid level in each evaporator tube 6 is controlled by the tube 12 with a channel 9 installed at its outlet. The proposed device for desalination of seawater is characterized by simplicity, has no moving parts and provides reliable regulation of fluid levels.

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Claims (1)

DEVICE FOR SEALING SEA WATER, comprising a column in which partitions are horizontally mounted, the generators with the body of which are installed inside the glasses, the upper ones are fixed respectively on the plates and partitions, and the glasses are located respectively in the cavity and the downstream chamber. Fiz 1144631 1