DK146850B - DEVICE FOR SALTING OF SEA OR SEA WATER BY THE MULTI-EFFECT METHOD IN THE FORM OF A COLUMN - Google Patents
DEVICE FOR SALTING OF SEA OR SEA WATER BY THE MULTI-EFFECT METHOD IN THE FORM OF A COLUMN Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DK146850B DK146850B DK317176AA DK317176A DK146850B DK 146850 B DK146850 B DK 146850B DK 317176A A DK317176A A DK 317176AA DK 317176 A DK317176 A DK 317176A DK 146850 B DK146850 B DK 146850B
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- DK
- Denmark
- Prior art keywords
- riser
- column
- saline
- inlet chamber
- height
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 3
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 title description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/08—Thin film evaporation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D1/00—Evaporating
- B01D1/0082—Regulation; Control
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)
- Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- External Artificial Organs (AREA)
Description
146850 i146850 i
Opfindelsen angår et apparat til afsaltning af haveller søvand efter multieffekt-metoden i form af en kolonne med over hinanden anbragte trin til fordampning og kondensation af ferskvand ud fra saltvand ved en 5 kolonnegennemstrømning fra oven nedad og ved fra trin til trin faldende driftstryk, med en indretning til regulering af standhøjderne af ferskvand og saltvand med et ferskvand-overføringsrør, der udgår fra bunden af et trin og indmunder i det nærmest underliggende trin, og med en 10 saltvand-overstrømskanal, der forbinder bunden af et separeringskammer for det delvis fordampede saltvand med et indløbskammer, som er anbragt forud for i gennemstrømningsretning efterfølgende fordamperrør.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The invention relates to an apparatus for desalinating seawater or lake water according to the multi-effect method in the form of a column of superimposed steps for evaporation and condensation of fresh water from saline water at a 5 column flow from top to bottom and at step-by-step decreasing operating pressure. means for regulating the heights of fresh water and saline with a fresh water transfer tube starting from the bottom of a stage and opening into the nearest underlying stage, and with a saline overflow channel connecting the bottom of a separation chamber for the partially evaporated saline with an inlet chamber which is arranged prior to evaporator pipes in the direction of flow.
Fra DE-offentliggørelsesskrift nr. 2.334.481 kendes der et ap-15 parat af forannævnte art med ferskvand-overføringsrør, der fra hvert trin er ført sideværts ud fra kolonnen, og som ved sin nedre ende går over i et U-formet sifon- eller hævertafsnit, hvorfra det indmunder i det nærmest underliggende trin. Da overføringsrøret ikke har nogen tvær-20 snitsindsnævring, sker trykfaldet fra driftstrykket i det øvre trin til driftstrykket i det nedre trin langs overføringsrøret. Med dette arrangement kan der ikke opnås en automatisk ferskvand-standhøjderegulering ved afvigelser af væskegennemgangen fra den nominelle gen-25 nemgang, ved en mere eller mindre kraftig drøvling af overløbet. Tilsvarende gør sig gældende for saltvandoverstrømskanalen, der ved det kendte apparat forbinder to nabotrin med hinanden og arbejder med en overløbsdæmning respektive dykvæg.From DE Publication No. 2,334,481 there is known a device of the aforementioned kind with fresh water transfer tubes, which are laterally projected laterally from the column and which at its lower end into a U-shaped siphon. or siphon section from which it opens into the nearest underlying step. Since the transfer tube has no cross-sectional narrowing, the pressure drop occurs from the operating pressure in the upper stage to the operating pressure in the lower stage along the transfer tube. With this arrangement, an automatic freshwater stand height adjustment cannot be obtained by deviations of the liquid flow from the nominal passage, by a more or less severe swirling of the overflow. The same applies to the saline flow channel, which by the known apparatus connects two neighboring stages to each other and works with an overflow dam and dive wall respectively.
30 Det kendte apparat har ingen svømmerventiler eller lignende organer til standhøjderegulering og er derfor forholdsvis ukompliceret af opbygning. En upåklagelig drift forudsætter dog, at de tilsigtede nominelle væskegennemgange overholdes mere eller mindre eksakt, fordi 35 der ved afvigelser ikke sker nogen tilpasning til de ændrede forhold, hvilket medfører, at apparatet ikke mere præsterer den forudsete ydelse.The known apparatus has no float valves or similar means for height control and is therefore relatively uncomplicated by structure. An impeccable operation, however, requires that the intended nominal fluid passages are more or less precisely observed, because in the case of deviations no adjustment is made to the changed conditions, which means that the device no longer achieves the intended performance.
Med udgangspunkt i den indledningsvis omhandlede 146850 2 konstruktion har opfindelsen til formål at skabe et apparat af ukompliceret opbygning, hvor der på en enkel måde kan opnås en pålidelig automatisk regulering af standhøjderne af ferskvand og saltvand.The object of the present invention is to create an apparatus of uncomplicated construction in which a simple automatic control of the stand height of fresh water and saline water can be achieved in a simple manner.
5 Til opnåelse heraf er apparatet ifølge opfindelsen ejendommeligt ved, at overføringsrøret og overstrøms-kanalen er udformet som vertikale faldrør, hvis åbne nedre ende er omgivet af et stigrør^af større diameter, som ved sin øvre ende har udløbsslidser, hvis totale 10 tværsnit er dimensioneret således, at trykfaldet - der refererer til den nominelle væskegennemgang - højst er lig med summen af trykhøjden af væskesøjlen i faldrøret og af forskellen i trykkene mellem på hinanden følgende trin, udtrykt som væskesøjlehøjde.In order to achieve this, the apparatus according to the invention is characterized in that the transfer tube and the overflow duct are formed as vertical drop pipes, whose open lower end is surrounded by a larger diameter riser which has at its upper end outlet slots whose total cross sections are dimensioned such that the pressure drop - which refers to the nominal fluid flow - is at most equal to the sum of the pressure height of the liquid column in the drop tube and of the difference in the pressures between successive steps, expressed as liquid column height.
15 Med denne udformning opnår man et apparat, som er enklere af opbygning end det kendte apparat i kraft af, at der - ud over bortfaldet af ventiler eller lignende organer - arbejdes med en standhøjderegulering, som kun kræver retliniede aksiale faldrør og stigrør, der for 20 øvrigt er anbragt inden i kolonnen. Der opnås især en automatisk standhøjderegulering ved, at trykfaldet mellem trinnene optræder ved de som drøvlested virkende udløbsslidser, for så vidt der arbejdes med den nominelle væskegennemgang. Der sker derfor kun en volumenforøgel-25 se af væsken ved gennemstrømningen gennem udløbsslidserne, så der i selve stigrøret ikke danner sig nogen vanddamp. Ved en reduktion af den nominelle væskegennemgang og den deraf resulterende sænkning af væskesøjlen og dermed trykhøjden i faldrøret sker der dog en væskefor-30 dampning allerede i stigrøret foran udløbsslidserne og dermed en automatisk drøvling af væskegennemgangen med tilbageregulering af væskestandhøjden i faldrøret. Også i det sjældnere forekommende tilfælde, hvor der sker en forøgelse af den nominelle væskegennemgang og en deraf 35 betinget stigning af væskestandhøjden i faldrøret, vil der på grund af den forøgede trykhøjde af væskesøjlen i faldrøret være tendens til en automatisk tilbageregulering af væskestandhøjden. Forbigående afvigelser fra den 3 146850 nominelle væskegennemgang i de af standrøret og stigrøret med udløbsorganer dannede reguleringsindretninger vil følgelig opfanges og ikke virke mere eller mindre slaglignende gennem hele kolonnen og dermed indvirke for-5 styrrende på afsaltningsapparatets funktion og ydelse.15 This design achieves an apparatus which is simpler in construction than the known apparatus by virtue of the fact that - in addition to the failure of valves or similar organs - work is done with a stand height adjustment which requires only rectilinear axial drop tubes and riser tubes which 20 are otherwise located within the column. In particular, an automatic stand height adjustment is achieved by the pressure drop between the steps occurring at the outlet slots acting as the throttle location, as far as the nominal fluid flow is being worked. Therefore, only a volume increase of the liquid occurs during the flow through the outlet slots, so that no water vapor is formed in the riser itself. However, by reducing the nominal fluid flow and the resulting lowering of the liquid column and thus the pressure height in the drop pipe, liquid evaporation already takes place in the riser in front of the outlet slots and thus an automatic throttling of the liquid passage with back regulation of the liquid level height in the drop pipe. Also, in the less frequent case where there is an increase in the nominal fluid flow rate and a conditional increase in the fluid level height in the drop tube, there will be a tendency for an automatic reversal of the liquid level height due to the increased pressure height of the liquid column in the drop tube. Transient deviations from the nominal fluid flow in the control devices formed by the standpipe and the riser with outlet means will consequently be intercepted and not act more or less impact-like throughout the column, thereby affecting the functioning and performance of the desalination apparatus.
I en fordelagtig udførelsesform for apparatet ifølge opfindelsen er det totale tværsnit af udløbsslidserne i det til overstrømskanalen hørende stigrør dimensioneret således, at trykfaldet er mindre end sum-10 men af trykhøjden af væskesøjlen i faldrøret og af forskellen i trykkene mellem på hinanden følgende trin.In an advantageous embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention, the total cross-section of the outlet slots in the overflow channel riser is dimensioned such that the pressure drop is less than the sum of the pressure height of the liquid column in the drop pipe and of the difference in the pressures between successive steps.
Opfindelsen forklares nærmere i det følgende ved en udførelsesform for apparatet ifølge opfindelsen under henvisning til tegningen, hvor 15 fig. 1 viser en mellem to kolonnebunde anbragt reguleringsindretning med et faldrør og et med udløbsslidser forsynet stigrør, til illustration af forholdene ved den nominelle væskegennemgang, fig. 2 et arrangement svarende til det i fig. 1 20 viste,til illustration af forholdene ved en sænkning af den nominelle væskegennemgang, fig. 3 et arrangement svarende til det i fig. 1 og 2 viste, til illustration af forholdene ved en stigning af væskegennemgangen over den nominelle væskegennemgang, 25 og fig. 4 et komplet trin af kolonnen med to separering skamre anbragt ved siden af hinanden.The invention will be further explained in the following by an embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention with reference to the drawing, in which FIG. Fig. 1 shows a regulating device arranged between two column bottoms with a drop pipe and a riser fitted with outlet slots, to illustrate the conditions of the nominal fluid passage; 2 shows an arrangement similar to that of FIG. 1 20 to illustrate the conditions of lowering the nominal fluid flow; FIG. 3 shows an arrangement similar to that of FIG. 1 and 2 to illustrate the conditions of an increase in the fluid flow over the nominal fluid flow, 25 and FIG. 4 shows a complete step of the column with two separating chambers arranged side by side.
Reguleringsindretningen, der indgår i afsaltnings-apparatet ifølge opfindelsen og tjener til overføring af 30 væsken fra et kolonnetrin til det efterfølgende kolonnetrin, og det tilhørende arbejdsprincip til standhøjdere-gulering fremgår af fig. 1-3. Der findes en sådan indretning til såvel overføring af ferskvand som saltvand, nemlig i hvert trin mellem kolonnebunde 1. Driftstryk-35 ket P, der hersker i det øvre trin, falder til det nærmest underliggende trin med værdien Δ P, så der i sidstnævnte trin hersker et tryk på P - ΔΡ. For indledning i det efterfølgende trin findes der et stigrør 3, 4 146850 der har udløbsslidser 2 i sit øvre område, og hvori der er indført et overføringsrør 4 i form af et faldrør, som strækker sig nedad fra den øvre bund 1. Under den normale drift med den nominelle væskegennemgang virker 5 der på udløbsslidserne 2 følgende belastning: hvor ΔΗ-^ er den til udløbsslidserne 2 refererende 10 trykhøjde af væskesøjlen i overføringsrøret 4, medens ΔΡ er trykforskellen mellem de på hinanden følgende trin, og γ er vægtfylden, hvorved trykforskellen udtrykkes som væskesøjlehøjde, fig. 1.The control device included in the desalination apparatus according to the invention serves to transfer the liquid from one column stage to the next column stage, and the associated working principle for stand height regulation is shown in FIG. 1-3. There is such a device for transferring fresh water as well as salt water, namely at each stage between column bottoms 1. The operating pressure P prevailing in the upper stage drops to the nearest underlying step with the value Δ P, so that in the latter step there is a pressure on P - ΔΡ. For initiation of the subsequent step, there is a riser 3, 4, 146850 having outlet slots 2 in its upper region and in which a transfer tube 4 in the form of a drop tube extending downwardly from the upper bottom 1 is inserted. operation with the nominal fluid passage 5, the following load acts on the outlet slots 2: where ΔΗ- ^ is the pressure height of the liquid column in the transfer tube 4, while ΔΡ is the pressure difference between the successive steps and γ is the weight difference, whereby the pressure difference is expressed as liquid column height, fig. First
Ved denne driftstilstand sker der kun en ekspan-15 sion respektive fordampning af væsken ved gennemstrømningen gennem udløbsslidserne 2, så stigrøret 3 tilsvarende ikke indeholder nogen vanddamp.In this mode of operation, only the expansion and evaporation of the liquid, respectively, occur through the flow through the outlet slots 2, so that the riser 3 does not contain any steam.
Når der ifølge fig. 2 sker en reduktion af strømningsgennemgangen, og overføringsrøret 4 tømmes til-20 svarende til under udløbsslidserne 2, virker trykhøjden ΔΗ^ aflastende, og den på udløbsslidserne 2 virkende totalbelastning andrager tilsvarende: - ΔΗ. .According to FIG. 2, the flow passage is reduced, and the transfer tube 4 is emptied correspondingly below the outlet slots 2, the pressure height ΔΗ ^ is relieved and the total load acting on the outlet slots 2 is equivalent to: - ΔΗ. .
25 Ύ 125 Ύ 1
Som resultat fordampes der væske i stigrøret 3.As a result, liquid is evaporated in the riser 3.
Da dampen har et forholdsvis stort specifikt volumen, vil det forhåndenværende strømningstværsnit for væsken reduceres drastisk på grund af den i stigrøret 3 30 pludseligt indtrædende fordampning. Derved hindres en fuldstændig tømning af overføringsrøret, hvilket betyder en ydelsesreducerende dampoverføring fra et trin til det andet trin.Since the vapor has a relatively large specific volume, the current flow cross-section of the liquid will be drastically reduced due to the sudden evaporation in the riser 3. This prevents complete emptying of the transfer tube, which means a performance reducing steam transfer from one stage to the second stage.
Fig. 3 viser den mindre hyppigt forekommende 35 driftstilstand, hvor væskegennemgangen stiger over den nominelle gennemgang. I dette tilfælde stiger væskespejlet i overføringsrøret 4, og der sker tilsvarende en forøgelse af såvel værdien ΔΗ^ som væskegennem- 5 146850 gangen gennem udløbsslidserne 2. Apparatets fleksibilitet er afhængig af længden af overføringsrøret 4. Hvis der ikke er mulighed for at have et for alle driftstilfælde tilstrækkelig langt overføringsrør 4, kan der 5 findes et yderligere overløb for derved at undgå for store væskeansamlinger i kolonnetrinnene. Som forklaret i forbindelse med fig. 1 og 2 arbejder reguleringsindretningen dog uafhængigt deraf ved den nominelle væskegennemgang og ved en i forhold dertil reduceret 10 gennemgang.FIG. 3 shows the less frequent operating state where the fluid flow increases over the nominal flow. In this case, the liquid level in the transfer tube 4 rises, and accordingly the value ΔΗ ^ as well as the liquid passage through the outlet slots 2 increases. The flexibility of the device is dependent on the length of the transfer tube 4. If it is not possible to have a In all cases of sufficiently long transfer tube 4, an additional overflow can be found to avoid excessive fluid accumulation in the column stages. As explained in connection with FIG. 1 and 2, however, the regulating device operates independently thereof at the nominal fluid flow rate and at a reduced ratio relative thereto.
Fig. 4 viser, at der ikke blot til ferskvandsoverføringen, men også til saltvandsoverføringen fra trin til trin anvendes en reguleringsindretning ifølge fig.FIG. 4 shows that not only for the fresh water transfer but also for the step-by-step salt water transfer, a control device according to FIG.
1-3. Ved dette arrangement er der i hvert trin, der er 15 udformet mellem nabobunde 1, anbragt to separeringskamre 5, hvortil der hører en central forvarmer 6 - for det tilførte havvand - som samtidig danner kondensator for den ferskvandsdamp, der kommer fra de to separeringskamre 5.1-3. In this arrangement, at each stage formed between neighboring bottoms 1, two separating chambers 5, to which a central preheater 6 - for the supplied seawater - is formed, simultaneously form the capacitor for the fresh water vapor coming from the two separating chambers 5 .
20 Ferskvandskondensatet ledes fra kolonnebunden 1 gennem et overføringsrør 4 hørende til det nærmest underliggende trin. Da højden, der er til rådighed for et trin, andrager ca. 4 til 5 m, er overføringsrøret 4 tilstrækkelig langt til at tillade stærkere svingninger af 25 væskespejlet i overføringsrøret 4 og - jf. virkemåden ifølge fig. 3 - undgå problemer ved væskeansamling.The fresh water condensate is passed from column bottom 1 through a transfer tube 4 belonging to the nearest underlying step. Since the height available for one step is approx. 4 to 5 m, the transfer tube 4 is sufficiently long to permit stronger oscillations of the liquid mirror in the transfer tube 4 and - according to the operation of FIG. 3 - Avoid problems with fluid retention.
Saltvandet, der via fordamperrør 11 passerer ind i de med filmfordampere forsynede separeringskamre 5, samler sig i indløbskamre 7, der hører til separerings-30 kamrene 5. I disse indløbskamre 7 afgiver saltvandet damp, som via dampudløbsåbninger 12 passerer ind i rummet, der omgiver separeringskamrene 5, og hvori forvarmeren 6 bevirker kondensation af dampen. Den i kraft af dampafgivningen koncentrerede saltopløsning passerer via 35 andre fordamperrør 11 til det efterfølgende trin.The salt water passing through evaporator tubes 11 into the film-evaporated separation chambers 5 collects in inlet chambers 7 which belong to the separating chambers 5. In these inlet chambers 7, the salt water gives off steam which passes through the steam outlet openings 12 into the space surrounding it. the separating chambers 5 and wherein the preheater 6 causes condensation of the steam. The brine concentrated by steam release passes through 35 other evaporator tubes 11 to the subsequent step.
Væskespejlet i hvert indløbskammer 7 reguleres automatisk ved hjælp af en indretning E. Denne indretning E har en overstrømskanal 8, der strækker sig fraThe liquid mirror in each inlet chamber 7 is automatically controlled by means of a device E. This device E has an overflow channel 8 extending from
Claims (4)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT25420/75A IT1041777B (en) | 1975-07-15 | 1975-07-15 | SEA WATER DESALINATION EQUIPMENT WITH AUTOMATIC ADJUSTMENT OF FRESHWATER AND BRINE LEVELS |
| IT2542075 | 1975-07-15 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DK317176A DK317176A (en) | 1977-01-16 |
| DK146850B true DK146850B (en) | 1984-01-23 |
| DK146850C DK146850C (en) | 1984-07-16 |
Family
ID=11216633
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK317176A DK146850C (en) | 1975-07-15 | 1976-07-14 | DEVICE FOR SALTING OF SEA OR SEA WATER BY THE MULTI-EFFECT METHOD IN THE FORM OF A COLUMN |
Country Status (28)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5211170A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU503618B2 (en) |
| BE (1) | BE844117A (en) |
| BG (1) | BG39118A3 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR7605719A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1085769A (en) |
| DD (1) | DD125789A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2631869C3 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK146850C (en) |
| EG (1) | EG12823A (en) |
| ES (1) | ES450402A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2318114A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1533316A (en) |
| IE (1) | IE43925B1 (en) |
| IN (1) | IN145147B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1041777B (en) |
| MX (1) | MX4031E (en) |
| NL (1) | NL171567C (en) |
| NO (2) | NO148993C (en) |
| OA (1) | OA05389A (en) |
| PH (1) | PH15029A (en) |
| PL (1) | PL110795B1 (en) |
| PT (1) | PT65364B (en) |
| SE (1) | SE417311B (en) |
| SU (1) | SU1144631A3 (en) |
| TR (1) | TR19060A (en) |
| YU (1) | YU40650B (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA763989B (en) |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2186274B1 (en) * | 1972-01-27 | 1974-12-13 | Soc Gen Entreprises | |
| IT964539B (en) * | 1972-07-07 | 1974-01-31 | Snam Progetti | EQUIPMENT FOR THE DESALINATION OF SEA WATER |
-
1975
- 1975-07-15 IT IT25420/75A patent/IT1041777B/en active
-
1976
- 1976-07-05 ZA ZA763989A patent/ZA763989B/en unknown
- 1976-07-11 EG EG424/76A patent/EG12823A/en active
- 1976-07-12 FR FR7621345A patent/FR2318114A1/en active Granted
- 1976-07-12 GB GB28952/76A patent/GB1533316A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-07-13 YU YU1727/76A patent/YU40650B/en unknown
- 1976-07-13 BG BG7633734A patent/BG39118A3/en unknown
- 1976-07-13 CA CA256,853A patent/CA1085769A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-07-13 AU AU15825/76A patent/AU503618B2/en not_active Expired
- 1976-07-14 SU SU762383550A patent/SU1144631A3/en active
- 1976-07-14 SE SE7608061A patent/SE417311B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-07-14 DK DK317176A patent/DK146850C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-07-14 MX MX761470U patent/MX4031E/en unknown
- 1976-07-14 BE BE168904A patent/BE844117A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-07-14 DD DD193852A patent/DD125789A5/xx unknown
- 1976-07-14 PT PT65364A patent/PT65364B/en unknown
- 1976-07-15 NO NO76762486A patent/NO148993C/en unknown
- 1976-07-15 NL NLAANVRAGE7607873,A patent/NL171567C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-07-15 TR TR19060A patent/TR19060A/en unknown
- 1976-07-15 PL PL1976191215A patent/PL110795B1/en unknown
- 1976-07-15 ES ES450402A patent/ES450402A1/en not_active Expired
- 1976-07-15 DE DE2631869A patent/DE2631869C3/en not_active Expired
- 1976-07-15 IE IE1569/76A patent/IE43925B1/en unknown
- 1976-07-15 IN IN1270/CAL/1976A patent/IN145147B/en unknown
- 1976-07-15 NO NO762484A patent/NO141798C/en unknown
- 1976-07-15 OA OA55887A patent/OA05389A/en unknown
- 1976-07-15 JP JP51083563A patent/JPS5211170A/en active Granted
- 1976-07-15 BR BR7605719A patent/BR7605719A/en unknown
- 1976-07-15 PH PH18687A patent/PH15029A/en unknown
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PBP | Patent lapsed |