JPS6113841B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6113841B2 JPS6113841B2 JP51083563A JP8356376A JPS6113841B2 JP S6113841 B2 JPS6113841 B2 JP S6113841B2 JP 51083563 A JP51083563 A JP 51083563A JP 8356376 A JP8356376 A JP 8356376A JP S6113841 B2 JPS6113841 B2 JP S6113841B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- stage
- liquid
- cylindrical
- cylindrical sleeve
- stages
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003134 recirculating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/08—Thin film evaporation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D1/00—Evaporating
- B01D1/0082—Regulation; Control
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)
- Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- External Artificial Organs (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は、清水および塩水のレベルを自動調整
するようにした、海水の脱塩装置に関するもので
ある。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a seawater desalination apparatus that automatically adjusts the levels of fresh water and salt water.
さらに詳しくいえば、本発明は多段脱塩法にお
ける清水のレベルとブラインのレベルとを調整す
る自動装置に関するものである。 More particularly, the present invention relates to an automatic device for regulating fresh water and brine levels in a multi-stage desalination process.
米国特許第3961658号明細書には、海水の多段
蒸留法を行なう装置が記載され既に公知である。 US Pat. No. 3,961,658 describes an apparatus for carrying out a multi-stage distillation process of seawater, which is already known.
この装置は、複数の円筒部分に仕切られた垂直
配置のカラムからなるものである。 This device consists of a vertically arranged column partitioned into a plurality of cylindrical sections.
この種の装置の一般構造を概略述べると、第５
図に示すように次の構成部分を包含するものであ
る。 To outline the general structure of this type of device, the fifth
As shown in the figure, it includes the following components.
(a) 外側ケーシングがなく好適には円形断面を有
する垂直管（そのひとつを符号１１で示す）か
ら成る管束の形のフイルム蒸発器５。(a) A film evaporator 5 in the form of a tube bundle without an outer casing and consisting of vertical tubes, one of which is designated by the reference numeral 11, preferably having a circular cross section.
(b) 同じ円筒部分（たとえば１２o）のフイルム
蒸発器５の頂部管板１４に底部部分を連結した
槽７。この槽７は、フイルム蒸発器のない最下
段の円筒部分１２Lではその底部をブライン排
出管１６に、またその頂端は直上の円筒部分の
フイルム蒸発器の底部管板１５に連結してあ
る。また最上部の円筒部分１２１ではこの槽７
は海水供給管１７に連結してある。(b) A tank 7 whose bottom part is connected to the top tube plate 14 of a film evaporator 5 of the same cylindrical part (for example 12 o ). This tank 7 is connected at its bottom to a brine discharge pipe 16 at the lowest cylindrical section 12 L without a film evaporator, and at its top end to the bottom tube plate 15 of the film evaporator in the cylindrical section immediately above. Also, in the uppermost cylindrical part 12 1 , this tank 7
is connected to the seawater supply pipe 17.
(c) 槽７の底部に配設された制限部分１８。これ
は槽７と頂部管板（たとえば１３）との間の正
の差圧を消散させることにより槽７からその下
方の管板へとブラインを流すためのものであ
る。(c) Restriction part 18 arranged at the bottom of tank 7. This is to dissipate the positive differential pressure between the tank 7 and the top tubesheet (eg 13) to cause brine to flow from the tank 7 to the tubesheet below.
(d) 最上段の円筒部分１２１を除きすべての槽７
の上部側壁に設けられた貫通孔１９。(d) All tanks 7 except the top cylindrical part 12 1
Through hole 19 provided in the upper side wall of.
(e) 各円筒部分の底部で集めた凝縮水を取り出し
次段の円筒部分の中間点に再循環せしめるサイ
ホン管２０。(e) A siphon tube 20 for removing condensate water collected at the bottom of each cylindrical section and recirculating it to the midpoint of the next cylindrical section.
(f) 各円筒部分内にその直径方向に設けられた中
央予熱器６。(f) A central preheater 6 provided within each cylindrical section diametrically thereof.
さて、本発明においては、上述のような装置に
おいて、任意の円筒部分の管から次段の円筒部分
のフイルム蒸発器の管板へブラインを移送する際
における問題点、または清水またはブラインを１
つの段から次の段へ移送する際における問題点に
関心が向けられたのである。 Now, in the present invention, in the above-mentioned apparatus, problems in transferring brine from a tube of an arbitrary cylindrical section to a tube plate of a film evaporator in the next cylindrical section, or a problem in transferring fresh water or brine to one
Attention was focused on the problems involved in transferring from one stage to the next.
本発明者は研究の結果、特別の静止型の装置
（自動調整サイホン）を用いて、１つの段から次
の段へ液体を移送する間の膨張で生じる“フラツ
シユ現象”（蒸気の発生現象）をうまく利用する
ことにより、可動部材を使用せずに簡単かつ信頼
できる方法で水位すなわちレベルの自動調整が可
能であることを見出したのである。この移送装置
は、第１の管（下降管）と、この第１の管の端部
に挿入されこれよりも大径で同軸に位置すると共
に、好適には上部から液体が出れるように円筒部
分に溝を設けた第２の管（上昇管）とから成つて
いる。管の断面は円形でなくてもよい。楕円、方
形管等とすることも可能である。溝の断面は次の
ようにして計算される。すなわち常規運転の間溝
に作用する全負荷はΔH1＋Δｐ／γである。ここでΔ
H1は下降管における液頭、Δｐ／γは液柱の高さとし
て示される２つの連続した段の間の圧力差（1/γ
は換算係数）である。 As a result of research, the inventor discovered that using a special stationary device (self-adjusting siphon), the "flash phenomenon" (steam generation phenomenon) that occurs due to expansion while transferring liquid from one stage to the next. It has been found that by making good use of this, it is possible to automatically adjust the water level in a simple and reliable manner without the use of moving parts. The transfer device includes a first pipe (downcomer pipe) and a cylindrical tube inserted into the end of the first pipe, having a diameter larger than the first pipe, coaxially located, and preferably having a cylindrical shape such that the liquid can exit from the upper part. It consists of a second pipe (rising pipe) with a groove provided in the section. The cross section of the tube need not be circular. It is also possible to use an ellipse, a square tube, etc. The cross section of the groove is calculated as follows. That is, the total load acting on the groove during normal operation is ΔH 1 +Δp/γ. where Δ H 1 is the liquid head in the downcomer and Δp/γ is the pressure difference between two consecutive stages (1/γ
is the conversion factor).
これらの条件の下においては液体の膨張は上昇
管からの流出時だけ起こり、上昇管内には蒸気が
ない。 Under these conditions, expansion of the liquid occurs only as it exits the riser, and there is no vapor within the riser.
以下添付図面に例示した本発明の好適な実施例
について本発明を詳述する。 The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
第１図は圧力ｐの段から圧力ｐ−Δｐの次の段
へ液体（たとえば清水）を移送する例を示す。こ
れら２つの段は分離板１により分離されている。
この場合、常規運転の間に溝２に作用する負荷は
ΔH1＋Δｐ／γであり、この条件の下では液体の膨張
は流出のときにのみに生じ、その結果上昇管３で
は水蒸気を含んでいない。 FIG. 1 shows an example of transferring a liquid (for example fresh water) from a stage at pressure p to the next stage at pressure p-Δp. These two stages are separated by a separating plate 1.
In this case, the load acting on the groove 2 during normal operation is ΔH 1 +Δp/γ, and under these conditions the expansion of the liquid occurs only at the time of outflow, so that in the riser 3 there is no water vapor content. not present.
第２図は液体の流量が減り、その結果下降管４
が空になる傾向にあり、流体圧力頭ΔH1が出口
の溝２に関して負となる場合を示している。従つ
て溝２に作用する全負荷は、Δｐ／γ−ΔH1となる。 Figure 2 shows that the liquid flow rate is reduced and as a result the downcomer pipe 4
tends to empty and the fluid pressure head ΔH 1 becomes negative with respect to the outlet groove 2. The total load acting on the groove 2 is therefore Δp/γ−ΔH 1 .
その結果、液体は上昇管３の内部でフラツシユ
蒸発して蒸気を発生する。この蒸気は、比容積が
大きいために液体の流れ断面積を甚しく減少さ
せ、下降管４が全く空になることを防止すると共
に、蒸気が次の段へと移送されるのをさまたげ
る。 As a result, the liquid flash evaporates inside the riser pipe 3 and generates steam. Due to its large specific volume, this vapor significantly reduces the liquid flow cross-section, preventing the downcomer pipe 4 from becoming completely empty and preventing the vapor from being transferred to the next stage.
第３図は余りひんぱんに起るものではないが、
流量が規準値を超えて増加する場合を示してい
る。このような場合には、下降管４の中の液体の
レベルが高くなる。この高さの増大の限度は下降
管の長さによる。しかし長い下降管を設けること
ができない時には適当な溢流管１０（第４図）を
挿入すれば、液体の著しく多量の蓄積を防止する
ことができる。溢流管の代りとして、規準流量よ
り多い流量に対して作用する自動調整サイホンを
設けることもできる。このサイホンは第２図に示
すような常規運転中の上昇管におけるフラツシン
グ条件の下において動作することは明かである。 Although Figure 3 does not occur very often,
This shows a case where the flow rate increases beyond the standard value. In such a case, the level of liquid in the downcomer pipe 4 will be high. The limit on this height increase depends on the length of the downcomer pipe. However, when it is not possible to provide a long downcomer pipe, a suitable overflow pipe 10 (FIG. 4) can be inserted to prevent significant accumulation of liquid. As an alternative to the overflow pipe, it is also possible to provide a self-adjusting siphon which acts on flow rates greater than the nominal flow rate. It is clear that this siphon operates under flushing conditions in the riser during normal operation as shown in FIG.
第４図は並置された２つのフイルム蒸発器５
（その管束のうち１本の管１１だけを図示し、他
の管は省略して示してある）と中央予熱器６とを
包含する完全な段を備えたカラムの一部分を例示
するものである。 Figure 4 shows two film evaporators 5 arranged side by side.
FIG. 4 illustrates a section of a column with a complete stage, including a central preheater 6 (of which only one tube 11 is shown, the other tubes are omitted) and a central preheater 6. .
段“ｎ”から入来する凝縮液は下降管４を通つ
て段“ｎ＋１”へと通過せしめられる。１つの段
により占有されるスペースは約４ないし５メート
ルであるから、下降管は、蓄積の問題を生じるこ
となしに、管の中の液体のレベルを広範囲に変動
させるに充分な長さとなり得る。 Condensate coming from stage "n" is passed through downcomer pipe 4 to stage "n+1". Since the space occupied by one stage is about 4 to 5 meters, the downcomer pipe can be long enough to vary the level of liquid in the pipe over a wide range without creating buildup problems. .
さらに、フイルム蒸発器５から入来するブライ
ンは槽７の中に集められる。各槽７の中の液体レ
ベルＬは自動調整サイホンＥにより調整される。
このサイホンは板Ｈに固定された垂直管８を持
ち、この垂直管は上側では液体−蒸気境界領域に
連通し、さらに下端では円筒状スリーブ９で囲ま
れている。このスリーブは垂直管８と同軸であ
り、垂直管８の直径より大きい直径を持つ。下端
は閉ざされており、予め与えられた圧力降下を与
える溝２′を円筒状部分に設けている。 Additionally, brine coming from the film evaporator 5 is collected in a tank 7. The liquid level L in each tank 7 is regulated by a self-adjusting siphon E.
This siphon has a vertical tube 8 fixed to the plate H, which communicates with the liquid-vapour interface region on the upper side and is furthermore surrounded at the lower end by a cylindrical sleeve 9. This sleeve is coaxial with the vertical tube 8 and has a diameter larger than the diameter of the vertical tube 8. The lower end is closed and the cylindrical part is provided with a groove 2' providing a predetermined pressure drop.
この場合に、垂直管が規準の流量より多い流量
を許すに充分な長さでない限りは、上に概略を述
べたようにフラツシユ条件において動作するサイ
ホンを持つようにすることができる。 In this case, unless the vertical tube is of sufficient length to permit a flow rate greater than the nominal flow rate, it may be possible to have a siphon operating in flash conditions as outlined above.
第１図は常規運転時の液体移送状況を説明する
説明図、第２図は液体流量が少ない時の液体移送
状況の説明図、第３図は液体流量が規準値を超え
る場合の液体移送状況の説明図、および第４図は
完全な段を備えたカラムの一部分の説明図、第５
図は従来の多段蒸留装置の全体を示す縦断面図で
ある。
１……分離板、２，２′……溝、３……上昇
管、４……下降管、５……フイルム蒸発器、６…
…中央予熱器、７……槽、８……下降管、９……
円筒状スリーブ。
Figure 1 is an explanatory diagram explaining the liquid transfer situation during normal operation, Figure 2 is an explanatory diagram of the liquid transfer status when the liquid flow rate is low, and Figure 3 is an explanatory diagram of the liquid transfer status when the liquid flow rate exceeds the standard value. FIG. 4 is an illustration of a portion of a column with complete stages; FIG.
The figure is a longitudinal sectional view showing the entire conventional multi-stage distillation apparatus. 1... Separation plate, 2, 2'... Groove, 3... Ascending pipe, 4... Descending pipe, 5... Film evaporator, 6...
... Central preheater, 7 ... Tank, 8 ... Downcomer pipe, 9 ...
Cylindrical sleeve.
Claims (1)
て、上段からブラインを供給し、下段から濃縮液
を抜き、上段から下段に向つて減圧とした多段フ
ラツシユ装置において、一端が前記多段の１つの
段と前の段との間の分離板１に固定されかつ前の
段に連通する１つまたはそれ以上の垂直の下降管
４を有し、この下降管の他端をこれと同軸でそれ
より大きい直径を持つ円筒状スリーブ３により覆
つた自動調整サイホンにより複数の段における清
水のレベルを維持させて気密性を維持するように
し、前記円筒状スリーブには上方の円筒部分に溝
を設け、この円筒部分においてΔｐ／γ＋ΔH1（ここ でΔｐ／γは液柱の高さで表わした２つの連続する段 の間の圧力差であり、ΔH1は下降管における液
体圧力頭とする）に等しい圧力降下を与え、さら
に、複数の段の各槽におけるブラインのレベル
を、一端を前記槽の液体−蒸気境界領域に連通し
かつ他端を円筒状のスリーブ９により閉ざされて
いる。各槽の中間を水平に仕切る内部の板Ｈに固
定された１つまたはそれ以上の垂直管より成る自
動調整サイホンにより調整し、前記円筒状スリー
ブは前記垂直管と同軸であるがそれより大きい直
径を持ち、端部において閉ざされてその円筒部分
には溝を設けられており、それらの溝によりΔ
H1＋Δｐ／γ（ここでΔｐ／γおよびΔH1は上記と同じ
意 味を持つものとする）に等しい圧力降下を与えた
ことを特徴とする、多段フラツシユ装置。[Scope of Claims] 1. In a multi-stage flashing device arranged vertically, brine is supplied from the upper stage, concentrated liquid is extracted from the lower stage, and the pressure is reduced from the upper stage to the lower stage, one end is one or more vertical downcomers 4 fixed to the separating plate 1 between one stage of the multistage and the previous stage and communicating with the previous stage, the other end of the downcomer being connected to this A self-adjusting siphon covered by a cylindrical sleeve 3 coaxial with and having a larger diameter maintains the level of fresh water in the stages to maintain airtightness, said cylindrical sleeve having an upper cylindrical portion. A groove is provided and in this cylindrical section Δp/γ + ΔH 1 (where Δp/γ is the pressure difference between two successive stages in terms of the height of the liquid column and ΔH 1 is the liquid pressure head in the downcomer and ) and the level of brine in each vessel of the plurality of stages is controlled at one end by a cylindrical sleeve 9 communicating with the liquid-vapor interface region of said vessel and at the other end. . regulated by a self-adjusting siphon consisting of one or more vertical tubes fixed to an internal plate H horizontally dividing the middle of each tank, said cylindrical sleeve being coaxial with said vertical tubes but having a larger diameter. It is closed at the end and has grooves in its cylindrical part, and these grooves allow Δ
A multi-stage flash device characterized in that a pressure drop equal to H 1 +Δp/γ (here, Δp/γ and ΔH 1 have the same meanings as above) is applied.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT25420/75A IT1041777B (en) | 1975-07-15 | 1975-07-15 | SEA WATER DESALINATION EQUIPMENT WITH AUTOMATIC ADJUSTMENT OF FRESHWATER AND BRINE LEVELS |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5211170A JPS5211170A (en) | 1977-01-27 |
| JPS6113841B2 true JPS6113841B2 (en) | 1986-04-16 |
Family
ID=11216633
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP51083563A Granted JPS5211170A (en) | 1975-07-15 | 1976-07-15 | Sea water desalting apparatus |
Country Status (28)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5211170A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU503618B2 (en) |
| BE (1) | BE844117A (en) |
| BG (1) | BG39118A3 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR7605719A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1085769A (en) |
| DD (1) | DD125789A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2631869C3 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK146850C (en) |
| EG (1) | EG12823A (en) |
| ES (1) | ES450402A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2318114A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1533316A (en) |
| IE (1) | IE43925B1 (en) |
| IN (1) | IN145147B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1041777B (en) |
| MX (1) | MX4031E (en) |
| NL (1) | NL171567C (en) |
| NO (2) | NO148993C (en) |
| OA (1) | OA05389A (en) |
| PH (1) | PH15029A (en) |
| PL (1) | PL110795B1 (en) |
| PT (1) | PT65364B (en) |
| SE (1) | SE417311B (en) |
| SU (1) | SU1144631A3 (en) |
| TR (1) | TR19060A (en) |
| YU (1) | YU40650B (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA763989B (en) |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2186274B1 (en) * | 1972-01-27 | 1974-12-13 | Soc Gen Entreprises | |
| IT964539B (en) * | 1972-07-07 | 1974-01-31 | Snam Progetti | EQUIPMENT FOR THE DESALINATION OF SEA WATER |
-
1975
- 1975-07-15 IT IT25420/75A patent/IT1041777B/en active
-
1976
- 1976-07-05 ZA ZA763989A patent/ZA763989B/en unknown
- 1976-07-11 EG EG424/76A patent/EG12823A/en active
- 1976-07-12 FR FR7621345A patent/FR2318114A1/en active Granted
- 1976-07-12 GB GB28952/76A patent/GB1533316A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-07-13 YU YU1727/76A patent/YU40650B/en unknown
- 1976-07-13 BG BG7633734A patent/BG39118A3/en unknown
- 1976-07-13 CA CA256,853A patent/CA1085769A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-07-13 AU AU15825/76A patent/AU503618B2/en not_active Expired
- 1976-07-14 SU SU762383550A patent/SU1144631A3/en active
- 1976-07-14 SE SE7608061A patent/SE417311B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-07-14 DK DK317176A patent/DK146850C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-07-14 MX MX761470U patent/MX4031E/en unknown
- 1976-07-14 BE BE168904A patent/BE844117A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-07-14 DD DD193852A patent/DD125789A5/xx unknown
- 1976-07-14 PT PT65364A patent/PT65364B/en unknown
- 1976-07-15 NO NO76762486A patent/NO148993C/en unknown
- 1976-07-15 NL NLAANVRAGE7607873,A patent/NL171567C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-07-15 TR TR19060A patent/TR19060A/en unknown
- 1976-07-15 PL PL1976191215A patent/PL110795B1/en unknown
- 1976-07-15 ES ES450402A patent/ES450402A1/en not_active Expired
- 1976-07-15 DE DE2631869A patent/DE2631869C3/en not_active Expired
- 1976-07-15 IE IE1569/76A patent/IE43925B1/en unknown
- 1976-07-15 IN IN1270/CAL/1976A patent/IN145147B/en unknown
- 1976-07-15 NO NO762484A patent/NO141798C/en unknown
- 1976-07-15 OA OA55887A patent/OA05389A/en unknown
- 1976-07-15 JP JP51083563A patent/JPS5211170A/en active Granted
- 1976-07-15 BR BR7605719A patent/BR7605719A/en unknown
- 1976-07-15 PH PH18687A patent/PH15029A/en unknown
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