SU101251A2 - The method of construction of prestressed concrete or iron-stone structures - Google Patents

Description

BASIC Auth. St. N ° 76209 describes a method for erection of artificially-reinforced massive structures due to the effect of stretching steel weights produced by injecting water or cement mortar into compacted floors, arranged in the body of structures ("hydraulic method).

In the described method, it is envisaged to use an expandable tough material, which would stretch the steel reinforcement and compress the concrete by increasing the volume during expansion. The difference with the described method is to make the cavities inside the building closed and parallel to tension fittings. This embodiment prevents the tension fittings from external influences and from contact with aggressive expanding material.

FIG. 1 and 2 shows schematically the structure in the form of a separate wall, an abutment or a bull dam; in fig. Figure 3 shows a wall that exposes the lateral pressure of water or soil located behind a wall, or the joint action of these forces, and a section of the wall according to AA.

Cavities} are filled with material that has the property of expanding upon subsequent exposure to it.

The height of the cavities is determined depending on the degree of activity of the expanding substance and the required value of the longitudinal movement of the natural blocks 2. The shape of the cavities is also related to the size and configuration of the structure and can be circular, square, rectangular, etc. The cavities can be located in one row width of the structure, or two and more of the number of rows. Some of the possible schemes for the relative position of the tension reinforcement 3 and cavities are shown in FIG. 1-3.

The holes of the cavities overlap the top with movable concrete blocks 2, having, through the presence of a through seam separating them from the body of the main structure, the freedom of movement in the desired direction.

Tension of armature 3 passes freely through external cavities, furrows (fig. 1 and 2), or in internal wells 4 (fig. 3).

.The upper ends of the reinforcement are embedded in the mobile concrete blocks 2,

and its lower ends. fixed in located below concrete massifs (Fig. 1), or, dug into the basement {Fig. 2, 3); in the latter case, tensioning the reinforcement stresses the structure to the base.

For horizontal elements such as foundation beams and slabs, both ends of the reinforcement may be fixed respectively in two moving blocks.

Along with the monolithic method of erection, the structure should be composed of prefabricated elements, one above the other, leaving the required dimensions and outlines in the upper part of the structure of the cavity. Melodowment seams of prefabricated units are schematically shown in FIG. 1 and 2 by horizontal dashed lines.

The upper body part of the structure, weakened by cavities, must have adequate strength and durability. In addition, its walls should be designed for internal pressure, for which the contour of the cavity may require reinforcement consisting of a series of horizontal reinforcement shown in the top points in FIG. 1 and 2.

The density of expanding materials and their resistance under the influence of water pressure or low temperatures Do not change, since the part of the structure in which the expanding material is located also plays the role of a reliable protective envelope.

In the case of volumetric expansion of the material enclosed in a strong holder formed by the external walls of the cavity, the tension block 2 is moved, accompanied by stretching of the steel reinforcement free flowing in the fines or furrows with simultaneous compression of the concrete structure below the bottom of the cavity.

The intensity of tension of reinforcement and masonry is controlled by the amount of tension of the tension block, which is regulated within the desired limits both by changing the height of the expanding material, and by selecting its composition, or by adjusting the effect of this material.

The obtained deformations and, consequently, the tension in the tension fittings are fixed either by hardening the material enclosed inside the cavities or by other means, for example, by means of flat gaskets placed in the gap of the gap of its opening.

Subject invention

The method of building pre-directional concrete or iron-stone constructions according to ed. St. No. 76209 with the use of an expanding stump material for the subsequent stretching of steel reinforcement and compressing the concrete by increasing the volume (opening) of the material, characterized in that, in order to preserve the tension reinforcement from external influences and from direct contact with the expanding with aggressive material, the cavities filled with this material are closed inside the structure and are arranged parallel to the tension reinforcement.

FIG. 2