SU1134661A1 - Concrete gravity dam - Google Patents

Abstract

1. CONCRETE GRAVITATIONAL DAM, mounted on a rock base, mainly in harsh climatic conditions, including a pressure wall made of dense waterproof concrete, the central part of hard matrix-cement concrete, the lower zone of dense frost-resistant concrete and a massive comb of frost-resistant waterproof concrete, so that, in order to increase reliability and reduce the cost of construction, the body of the dam between its central part and the low-water zone is built The elastic-elastic gasket, in which the bulk modulus of the material is 3.1–5.0 times smaller than that of the bottom face of the concrete. 2. A dam in accordance with claim 1, that is, so that the flexible-elastic gasket is made monolithic with increased elastoplastic deformability from concrete to porous aggregates or porous concrete. 3. A dam according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the supple-elastic CO 4: gasket is formed by a package of prefabricated hollow elements, the bottom edges of which form an inclined Od O) flat surface.

Description

The invention relates to hydraulic construction, in particular, iK structures of high gravity dams on rocky foundations, which are mainly constructed under the natural climatic conditions. The known construction of a high gravity dam triangular pro with concrete zoning in the body of the structure, in which the external zones of the dam are made of concrete of higher grades than its central part of the bottom of the known structure is the inefficient use of the strength properties of concrete, leading to an unjustified rise in price . Also known concrete gravity dam, installed on. rocky foundation, mainly in harsh climatic conditions, including a pressure wall, made of dense waterproof concrete, central part of rigid low-cement concrete, lower zone of dense cold-resistant concrete and massive comb of cold-resistant waterproof concrete), in this structure reached a dam. There is a significant simplification of the construction technology, the reduction of labor costs is ensured, and c. opportunities to increase the pace of construction, however, in this design, the incomplete use of concrete compressive strength and the possibility of image and temperature play at the bottom edge largely remain. The purpose of the invention is to explore the reliability of the building and reduce its cost. The goal is achieved by the fact that in the body of a concrete gravity dam installed on a rocky foundation, mainly in harsh climatic conditions, including a pressure wall made of dense waterproof concrete, the central part of rigid low-cement concrete, the lower zone of dense frost-resistant concrete and a massive ridge of frost-resistant waterproof concrete, between its central part and the lower zone is built a compliant-elastic gasket, in which the volume average modulus of material deformation in 3.1-5.0 times less than that of concrete downstream. In addition, a compliant-elastic gasket may be made of monolithic concrete with increased elastic-plastic deformability, for example, from concrete to porous aggregates or from porous concrete. Compliant-elastic gasket can also be formed by a package of prefabricated hollow elements of ordinary concrete, the bottom side of which forms an inclined flat surface. In this case, the compliance and increased deformability of the gasket occurs due to the joints between the prefabricated elements, as well as due to a higher level of stresses in their walls compared to the stresses in the adjacent areas of the dam. A new constructive element - a ductile-elastic gasket between the central part and the lower zone significantly improves the conditions of static work of the structure. Thanks to a gasket device with increased deformability, the compressive stresses in the outer zones of the dam, caused by the action of external forces (dead weight, hydrostatistics), increase, and the tensile thermal stresses that occur in the winter time, decrease. . Figure 1 shows the dam, the cross section; figure 2 is a detail of a fragment of the lower face of the dam with a ductile-elastic gasket made in monolithic concrete; fig.Z - the same, with a gasket in the form of a package of precast hollow blocks. The dam includes an upper wall. 1, made of dense waterproof concrete, the central part 2 - of rigid low-cement concrete, the lower zone 3 - of dense frost-resistant concrete, massive comb 4 - of dense waterproof and frost-resistant concrete and compliant-elastic pad 5 with a thickness of 2-5 m depending on height of the dam with povipennoy deformability. The interface between the upper wall 1 and the base is carried out with the help of the tooth 6, under which the cementing curtain 7 and the drainage 3113 wells 8 are arranged. The drainage of the dam body is not shown. The upper wall 1 is erected ahead of the central part 2, and the concreting of the latter is advanced ahead of the lower zone 3. The concreting of the central part is done in a layer-by-layer method with a block height of 1.01, 5 m consisting of 3-5 layers , compacted by rolling, or one layer compacted by vibration. During the erection of the central part 2, gasket blocks 5 with a height of 1.0-1.5 m, which can be made as monolithic blocks 5-a, concreted in place, hollow blocks 5-6, made on to the side. Concreting of the upper wall and the lower zone is carried out mainly in the winter season using pipe cooling of concrete. The central part is mainly carried out in the warm season with surface cooling of the concrete by irrigating the surface of the block with river water. During breaks of concrete work in the winter, the horizontal surface of the central part is insulated reliably. During operation, under external loads, in horizontal sections of the lower zone of the dam, there are compressive stresses with higher values (compared to the prototype dam), which neutralize tensile thermal stresses that occur in winter periods, which allows rock bottom to take a more economical dam profile. In particular, instead of the downstream 1: 0.75 dam adopted in the prototype of the prototype, the proposed construction of the dam can be carried out with a downward inclination of 1: 0.70.

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Claims (3)

1. CONCRETE GRAVITATIONAL WEIR installed on a rocky foundation, mainly in harsh climatic conditions, including a pressure wall made of dense waterproof concrete, a central part of hard low-cement concrete, a lower zone of dense frost-resistant concrete and a massive crest of frost-resistant waterproof concrete in order to increase the reliability and reduce the cost of the structure, a flexible-elastic is built into the body of the dam between its central part and the lower zone I pad, which has a volume average modulus material in 3,1-5,0 times less than that of concrete downstream face. $ 2. A dam according to claim. ^ Characterized in that the flexible-elastic gasket is made monolithic with increased elastoplastic deformability of concrete on porous aggregates or porous concrete. 3. Dam pop. 1, characterized in that the ductile-elastic gasket is formed by a package of prefabricated hollow elements, the lower edges of which form an inclined flat surface. 1 1134661 2