SK7120Y1 - Stationary active fire fighting equipment, especially of underground transport system - Google Patents

Abstract

The low pressure chamber (31) of the multiple pump (3) is connected with the low pressure pipes (7) through a low pressure electric valve (15) with at least two pairs of the water sprayer nozzles with the sprinkler cap (12), which are mounted longitudinally on the top of the transverse oriented escape underground unit from capital underground object. The high pressure chamber (32) of the multiple pump (3) is connected with a high pressure pipes (8) with at least one high pressure electric valve (14) connected on the two adjacent couple of the fog sprayer heads (13), which are longitudinally mounted on the top of the capital underground object, on the top of this object is placed the linear thermal alarm (10) of the early fire detection with at least one fire sensor (17).

Description

The technical solution relates to fire-fighting technology in the form of stationary active extinguishing equipment, in particular an underground transport system, e.g. in single- or double-pipe road and rail tunnels or large enclosed external objects.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

It is part of the general state of the art that underground transport systems are equipped with suitable equipment used to extinguish a fire and provide fire protection. These systems are usually equipped with fixed sprinklers. Sprinkler fire extinguishers use water as an extinguishing agent. Currently, it is the most widespread and reliable fire extinguisher that locally extinguishes a fire and announces it. Since this equipment uses non-toxic low-cost water as an extinguishing agent, it is expected to be used in the future. It is also an advantage that the head opens only at the point of temperature increase, so that subsequent damages caused by water are minimized. However, the basis for the sprinkler system is a sufficient water source, followed by a machine room with a fire pump, a pressure maintenance pump in the pipe network, or a pressure vessel with the same function. Valve stations are connected to the fire pump, from which the pipeline network continues to sprinkler heads distributed throughout the fire section. The sprinkler heads, which have been heated above the opening temperature due to the fire, are opened and the dispersed water is then sprayed into the fire. The flowing water opens the valve station, which triggers an alarm. As a result of a drop in the water pressure at the manifold in the engine room, the fire pump is started, which supplies water to the pipe network. The whole described activity is usually automatic, only the fire pump must always be switched off manually.

The disadvantage of such a solution is relatively low efficiency, long time and difficult extinguishing of flammable liquids, especially in longer underground transport systems, where so-called fire-fighting systems occur. chimney effect.

Longer tunnels are also equipped with devices that are initiated in the event of a fire and emit special extinguishing agents to effectively eliminate the fire. Such equipment consists of stationary distribution pipes that emit extinguishing agents near the fire. However, the extinguishing agent is dispensed across the board, not specifically (see, for example, DE 10051285 A1).

The disadvantage of such devices is that, in the event of a fire, the nozzles located around the outbreak of the fire emit an expensive extinguishing agent in a targeted manner and without corresponding sharpness, which makes the fire-fighting process expensive and not optimal.

Further, a fire extinguisher for tunnels and similar structures is known according to JP 10066738 (NOHM BOSAI LTD), 1998-03-10, which consists of a rail mounted above a road on which a fire extinguisher is guided and connected to it via a drive system, wherein it consists of a propellant reservoir and an extinguisher reservoir which is connected to the at least one positionable nozzle via a guide system.

Although this device (due to the lack of connection of the fire extinguisher unit to the stable conduit) can provide flexible positioning to the fire focus, it is a risk factor due to the limited amount of extinguishing agent (available) due to lack of safety in larger fires.

Also known is a fire extinguishing system for tunnels according to CN 203285474 U using high pressure water spraying in the form of a mist. The spray mist used in the solution solves the problem of high-efficiency rapid fire fighting, including flammable liquids in the tunnel. According to this solution, the device is stably mounted in both parallel tunnels, the fire water supply being from the main pipe through the water distribution pipe to the lateral longitudinal water spray nozzles. The solution makes it possible to create transverse fog sealing fire shutters which divide the tunnel into several closed fire extinguishing sub-areas.

Such a solution is technically demanding and takes a long time to prepare before extinguishing, as it can only be activated after leaving the tunnel section with a fire.

Furthermore, according to WO 2004018050 A, an extinguishing device is known, in particular for tunnels and similar structures, which is intended for targeted, efficient and sustainable extinguishing of a fire source while ensuring control of its operation. The fire-extinguishing system shall comprise rails arranged above the lane, at least two fire-extinguishing units at both ends of the tunnel guided on the rail by means of a propulsion system and a water connection. Its distance from the flue gas and heat sensor depends on the length of the tunnel. Each fire extinguisher comprises a fuel container, a fire extinguisher container and a connection through the duct of at least one adjustable nozzle, at least one sensor and water connection connectors located at both ends thereof. In the event of a fire, two fire extinguishers are moved from both sides by a sensor from the respective sensor to the fire point along the rail, which extinguishes the fire from their tank, gradually connecting other fire extinguishing units from both sides. extinguishing mixture consumed. However, such a device is of

Because of the limited amount of extinguishing agent in the equipment suitable only for extinguishing small fires occurring on a small tunnel area.

DE 10019537 A1 describes the creation of an escape route for persons from the effects of smoke and heat or pollutants and the like by using a water mist so that air under the layers of smoke can be breathed for a longer period of time. For this purpose, water mist nozzles are used which are arranged in series of arcs from one side along the escape route, across the direction of movement, so that the air flow prevents the rapid accumulation of smoke in the corridor. The control is carried out by means of commonly known fire detection systems. However, such a device is technically expensive and is only used as an additional fire extinguisher to the main fire extinguishers.

A fire extinguishing system according to DE 10037921 A1 is also known for a road tunnel with a pipe system on the wall of a tunnel with nozzles which, in the event of a fire, fill part of the tunnel with water mist with atomized water droplets. In this case, the fire alarms on the roof are connected to the control unit, which can activate a pressure water pump to supply the system of pipes and nozzles with pressurized water. However, this technical solution does not address the safety of humans from the effects of smoke and heat or pollutants and the like in the vicinity of a fire and their safe escape from the fire site through the transverse escape corridors.

Also known is a mobile fire-fighting system according to the technical solution TWI252890 (B) consisting of a bar, water supply and fire-fighting equipment. At least one inner side of the tunnel is fitted with a rail and mounted on it. Such a fire-fighting device may, if necessary, be moved along the rail to the flash point inside the tunnel where it emits water mist from the tunnel side to reduce the temperature and block the air inlet, thereby extinguishing the fire. However, this equipment is only suitable for extinguishing small fires occurring on a small tunnel area.

The essence of the technical solution

These drawbacks are largely eliminated by the stationary active fire extinguishing equipment of the underground transport system according to the technical solution, which consists of connection of water from the public network to at least one tank connected by interconnecting piping to at least one multistage pump with electric motor electrically connected to external source of electricity. hydrants, a low pressure water distribution system for sprinkler nozzles with a sprinkler head and a high pressure water distribution system connected to a system of parallel mounted fog spray heads and an electric fire alarm, consisting of fire sensors with at least two kinds of fire detection and central alarm. The essence of the technical solution is that the low-pressure chamber of the multistage pump is connected by a low-pressure distribution through a low-pressure electric valve with at least two pairs of sprinkler head water nozzles, which are longitudinally mounted in the upper part of the transversely oriented escape underground object. At the same time, the high-pressure chamber of the multistage pump is connected by a high-pressure manifold to at least one high-pressure electrovalve connected to two adjacent pairs of mist spray heads longitudinally mounted in the upper part of the main underground transport object. Further, at the top of the underground traffic object there is a linear thermal detector of early fire detection with at least one fire sensor, whereby high pressure and low pressure electric valves are electrically connected to the valve station of the stationary fire extinguisher and linear thermal detector sensors are connected to the fire alarm control panel.

It is advantageous if a high-pressure make-up pump and a low-pressure make-up pump are connected in parallel to the outlets of the multi-stage pump in the high-pressure manifold.

Furthermore, it is advantageous if at least one escape underground object is transversely oriented between the pair of main underground transport objects.

It is also advantageous if a back-up power generator is connected to the external power source.

It is also advantageous if the high-pressure and / or low-pressure distribution and / or the hydrant distribution network is provided with at least one replenishment valve for a mobile pressure extinguishing water connection.

Stationary active fire extinguishing equipment, especially the underground transport system according to the technical solution, is technically simple and at lower investment demands compared to other active fire extinguishing equipment enables persons to quickly and safely escape through the nearest transversely directed escape underground object from the main escape underground transport facility during automatic and effectively extinguishing a local or large-scale fire in the main underground transport facility.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

A specific example of a stationary fire extinguisher, in particular an underground conveying system according to the invention, is shown in the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 shows a functional diagram.

SK 7120 Υ1 has a water distribution system of a device for a pair of main underground transport objects with fog spray heads, including a transversely directed escape underground object with sprinkler head water nozzles, in figure 2 a functional diagram of the electrical connection of the device according to the technical solution; a cross-sectional view of the longitudinal main underground transport object and, in Figure 4, a cross-sectional view of the escape underground object from the main underground transport object.

EXAMPLES

An example of a stationary active fire extinguisher, in particular an underground transport system according to the invention, is shown in the attached Figures 1 to 4. The main underground transport object is divided into several sections in length. The device shown here relates only to a part of one section and consists of a public water connection 2 to a tank 1 connected by a connecting line 21 to a multi-stage pump 3 with an electric motor 4, preferably a so-called water pump. soft start, which is electrically connected to an external power source 5, e.g. for 400 V substation, 3 phases 50 Hz. Furthermore, the device consists of a network of 9 hydrants 91, a low-pressure water distribution system 7 for spray nozzles with a sprinkler head 12, a high-pressure water distribution system 8 connected to a system of parallel pairs of mist spray heads 13 and electric fire signaling consisting of fire detectors 17 with at least two sensors. fire detection and fire alarm control panel 16. The low-pressure chamber 31 of the multistage pump 3 is thereby connected by a low-pressure manifold 7 via a low-pressure electric valve 15 with four pairs of water spray nozzles with a sprinkler head 12, which are longitudinally mounted in the upper part of the transversely oriented escape underground structure. The high-pressure chamber 32 of the multistage pump 3 is simultaneously connected in each main underground transport object by a high-pressure manifold 8 with high-pressure electric valves 14 connected to two adjacent pairs of mist spray heads 13 which are longitudinally mounted in the upper part of the main underground transport object. In the upper part of the main underground transport object there is also a linear thermal detector 10 of early fire detection with fire sensors 17, e.g. optical-smoke and the like, wherein high pressure electric valves 14 with low pressure electric valves 15 are electrically connected to the valve station 18 of the stationary fire extinguisher, and fire detectors 17 and a linear heat detector 17 are preferably connected via a fire alarm control panel 16 (preferably separate for each main underground transport facility). 10 early detection of a fire in the form of a detection cable over the entire length of the main underground transport facility, which can be programmed into multiple length zones. To the external power source 5, i. j. In this case, a back-up generator 6 can also be connected, e.g. diesel generator. The high pressure manifold 8 is provided with two make-up valves 11 for a mobile pressure make-up water connection not shown.

During the venting, all of the plant distributions are filled with water in a known manner by the operation of the multistage pump 3 and pressurized to the prescribed working pressure, i. j. in the distribution network 9 of hydrants 91 and in the low-pressure distribution 7, e.g. to 3 bar, and in the high-pressure distribution 8 to the high-pressure electric valves 14, e.g. to min. At the same time, these high water pressures are maintained in the high pressure manifold 8 by the high-pressure make-up pump 33 and in the low pressure manifold 7 by the low-pressure make-up pump 34.

In the event that a fire detector 17 in the early fire detection linear heat detector 10 detects a fire, this condition is automatically signaled in the fire alarm control panel 16, which is displayed at the station station 18 of the fixed fire extinguisher and simultaneously (and if necessary) by actuating manually from the fire alarm valve station 18 or from a fire detector not shown), they activate the nearest mounted high-pressure electric valves 14, which actuate the respective mist spray heads 13 when the multi-stage pump 3 is started. escape facility from the main underground transport facility. However, if the fire also hits the escape object of the main underground transport facility and the inlet temperature exceeds the opening temperature set in the sprinkler head 12, e.g. This causes the sprinkler head glass bank to rupture in the closest particular sprinkler water nozzle 12 and from the permanently pressurized low pressure manifold 7, extinguishing water will flow out of the open sprinkler head 12 while starting the low pressure make-up pump 34 and / or multistage pump. This will allow safe escape of persons by the escape facility from the main underground transport facility while preventing the spread of fire to other facilities. After the fire has been extinguished, the operator of the stationary station of the stationary fire extinguisher 18 stops the water supply to its distribution network, then repairs its damaged parts and, after venting, is fed with water in a known manner by the multistage pump 3. j. in the distribution network 9 of hydrants 91 and in the low-pressure distribution 7 and in the high-pressure distribution 8 to the high-pressure electrovalve 14 and in the fire alarm control panel 16, it is reset, thus restoring the device to its original operating condition.

SK 7120 Υ1

The embodiment described and illustrated is not the only possible embodiment according to the invention, since it may concern only one major underground transport object or several major underground transport objects with transversely oriented at least one escape underground object, a 9 hydrant network 91 and / or a low pressure distribution 7 can be equipped with at least one water make-up valve 11 for a mobile water pressure connection or a water pressure connection. the apparatus need not include a backup generator 6, water distribution make-up valves, high pressure and low pressure make-up pumps 33. 34. Also shown in the example is the number of hydrants 91, fire sensors 17, water spray nozzles with sprinkler head 12, mist spray heads 13, high pressure electric valves 14 and. The low-pressure electric valves 15 may be different in the apparatus.

Industrial usability

Stationary active fire extinguishing equipment, especially the underground transport system according to the technical solution, has universal use in single- or double-pipe road and railway tunnels, in closed parking lots of large shopping centers, in large-capacity garages and as part of mining equipment.

PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS

Claims (7)

Stationary active fire extinguishing equipment, in particular an underground transport system, consisting of a public water supply to at least one tank connected by a connecting line to at least one multistage pump with an electric motor electrically connected to an external power source, hydrant distribution network, low pressure water distribution to spray water nozzles with a sprinkler head, a high-pressure water distribution system connected to a system of parallel pairs of fog spray heads and an electric fire alarm, consisting of fire detectors with at least two types of fire detection and an electric alarm control panel, characterized in that the low pressure chamber (31) (3) is connected by a low-pressure manifold (7) via a low-pressure electrovalve (15) to at least two pairs of water spray nozzles with a sprinkler head (12), which are longitudinally mounted in the h The high-pressure chamber (32) of the multistage pump (3) is connected by a high-pressure manifold (8) to at least one high-pressure electrovalve (14) connected to two adjacent pairs of mist spray heads (13). longitudinally mounted in the upper part of the main underground transport object, in the upper part of which there is a linear thermal detector (10) of early fire detection with at least one fire sensor (17), the high pressure electric valves (18) being electrically connected to the valve station (18) 14) with low-pressure electrovalves (15) and through the fire alarm control panel (16) of the linear heat detector (10). Stationary active fire extinguisher, in particular of an underground conveying system according to claim 1, characterized in that a high-pressure make-up pump (33) and a low-pressure make-up pump (33) are connected in parallel to the outlets of the multistage pump (3). a pump (34). A stationary active fire extinguisher, in particular an underground transport system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least one escape underground object is transversely oriented between a pair of main underground transport objects. Stationary active fire extinguisher of an underground transport system according to claim 3 or 2, characterized in that a back-up generator (6) is connected to the external power source (5). Stationary active fire extinguisher of an underground conveying system according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that the high-pressure distribution system (8) is provided with at least one replenishment valve (11) for a mobile pressure extinguishing water connection. Stationary active fire extinguisher of an underground conveying system according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that the distribution network (9) of the hydrants (91) is equipped with at least one replenishment valve (11) for a mobile pressure extinguishing water connection. Stationary active fire extinguisher of an underground conveying system according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that the low-pressure manifold (7) is provided with at least one make-up valve (11) for a mobile pressure extinguishing water connection.