BG2319U1 - A stationary, active fire saftey system, made for an underground transportation system - Google Patents

Abstract

The system allows for fast and effective evacuation of people from underground objects in case of fire. It is comprised from a low pressure chamber (31) from a multistage pump (3), connected to a low voltage block (7) by a low voltage solenoid valve (15), from sprinkler jets (12), which are placed lengthwise on the upper part of a crosswise placed emergency underground unit. A linear heat alarm for early fire detection (10) is fitted on the upper part of that unit, with at least a single fire sensor (17). A high voltage solenoid valve (14) is placed into the valve station (18) and is connected to the low voltage solenoid valve (15), as via a central block for anti-fire signalization (16), are connected the fire sensors (17) of the linear heat alarm (10).

Description

(54) STATIONARY ACTIVE FIRE-FIGHTING SYSTEM FOR UNDERGROUND TRANSPORT SYSTEM

Field of technology

The utility model refers to a stationary active fire-fighting system, in particular for an underground transport system, e.g. for road or railway tunnels with one or two pipes or large objects that close on the outside.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

It is known that underground transport systems are equipped with appropriate equipment, used mainly for firefighting and fire protection. These systems are usually equipped with static fire equipment (sprinklers). The sprinkler fire extinguishing system uses water as a means of extinguishing the fire. This is the most common and most reliable modern fire extinguishing system, which extinguishes the fire locally, and also reports the spread of fire. As this system uses non-toxic cheap water to extinguish the fire, its application will also be acceptable in the future. Moreover, its advantage is also that the valve opens only in the place with an elevated temperature, so that all the alleged damage that the water can cause is minimized. However, the sprinkler system is based on the supply of sufficient water and is connected to the engine room with a fire pump, a pump for maintaining the pressure in the pump network or a pressure vessel with the same function. The system contains valve stations connected to the fire pump, from which a pipeline network continues to the sprinkler heads, which are located throughout the fire section. These sprinkler heads, which have been heated as a result of the fire to the opening temperature, open and then the water is sprayed in the center of the fire. While the water is flowing, the valve station opens, which turns on the alarm. As a result of the reduction of the water pressure in the collector in the engine room, the fire pump that distributes the water in the pipeline

W network, turns on. The whole operation described above is usually performed automatically, only the fire pump has to be switched off manually.

The disadvantage of this solution is its relatively low efficiency, long period and difficult extinguishing of flammable liquids, especially in longer underground transport systems, where the so-called chimney effect is observed during a fire.

Longer tunnels are also equipped with devices that initiate and activate special fire extinguishers in case of fire to effectively fight the fire. These devices consist of permanently installed distribution units that release fire extinguishing agents near the source of the fire. However, the release of extinguishing agents leaks to the surface and is not targeted (DE 10051285 A!).

The disadvantage of these devices is that in the event of a fire, the nozzles located around the source of the fire emit an expensive extinguishing agent without directing it and without the appropriate intensity. This makes the fire system expensive and it does not work optimally.

Another known fire extinguishing device in tunnels and other similar structures is known from JP 10066738 (NOHM BOSAI LTD), 1998-03-10. It consists of rails located above the road to guide the fire extinguishing system, which is connected to a control system and consists of a propellant container and a fire extinguishing agent container, which is connected by a system of pipes with at least one positioning nozzle.

Although it is possible with this device (due to the lack of connection between the fire extinguisher and a stable line) to ensure its flexible positioning to the fire source, it is a risk factor, as in larger fires it does not guarantee safety due to the limited amount available. fire extinguishing agent.

Another known tunnel fire extinguishing system is known from CN 203285474 U. The system uses a jet of water sprayed with high pressure water. The spray water used in the form of a "jet" solves the problem of high efficiency and rapid fire extinguishing, including flammable liquids in the tunnels. According to this solution, the device is stably mounted in both parallel tunnels, where the distribution of the quenching water comes from a main pipeline by supplying water to the side longitudinal nozzles for spraying the sprayed water. This solution makes it possible to create transverse fire-sealing roller shutters for sprayed water, which divide the tunnel into several closed fire-fighting subsections.

Such a solution is a technical challenge and requires a lot of time to prepare before the fire, as it can be activated only after evacuating people from the tunnel section where there is a fire.

WO 2004018050 A discloses a system, in particular for tunnels and other similar structures, which, according to the applicant, has the closest technical solution to the present utility model and which is intended for directing, effective and sustainable firefighting of the fire source while providing operation control. The fire extinguishing system consists of rails located above the traffic lanes; at least two fire-fighting units at both ends of the tunnel, guided by the rail by means of a propulsion system; and water connectors. The distance from the system to the smoke and heat sensor depends on the length of the tunnel. Each fire-fighting unit consists of a fuel container, a fire-extinguishing agent container and a pipe connection of at least one positioning nozzle, at least one sensor and water supply connectors, all devices located at both ends of the fire-extinguishing system. In the event of a fire, as a result of the signal given by the respective sensor, the two fire-fighting units move along the rail on both sides to the place of the fire, where they extinguish the fire from their tank. While this is happening, more fire extinguishers are connected to them in series, connected to each other through the connectors and refilled the fire mixture where it has already been used. However, due to the limited amount of fire extinguisher in the system, it is only suitable for extinguishing small fires that are spread in small

U1 area of the tunnel.

DE 10019537 A1 describes the creation of escape routes for people to avoid the effects of smoke and heat or contaminants and the like, by using spray water to make the air under the smoke layers breathable for a long period of time. For this purpose, 19 spray nozzles are used, which are arranged in a series of arches on one side along the escape route to the other side across the traffic, so that the air flow prevents the rapid accumulation of 15 smoke in the corridor. The control is carried out by the well-known systems for fire detection and fire alarm. However, this system requires a lot of technical resources and is therefore only used as an additional fire-fighting equipment of the main fire extinguishing system.

OtDE 10037921 Al is another known fire extinguishing system, which is applicable to road 25 tunnels with a pipeline system with nozzles located on the walls of the tunnel, which in case of fire fill part of the tunnel with sprayed water from water drops. In this case, the fire alarm on the ceiling is connected to a control panel, through which it activates a discharge water pump to supply water under pressure to a system of pipes and nozzles. However, this technical solution does not solve the problem related to human safety and the impact of smoke and heat or pollutants, etc. on people near the fire, and also does not solve the problem is their safe exit through the transverse emergency corridors from the area of the fire.

From TW1252890 (B) is known mobile fire extinguishing system, which consists of a rail, plumbing and fire extinguisher. The rail is located on at least one inner wall of the tunnel and is equipped 45 with the device described above. If necessary, this fire extinguishing system can be moved to the ignition point inside the tunnel, where it releases spray water from the tunnel wall to lower the temperature and block the entry of air, which extinguishes the fire 5θ. However, this system is only suitable for extinguishing small fires that spread over a small area of the tunnel.

Technical essence of the utility model

The above-mentioned disadvantages have been largely eliminated by means of the stationary active fire extinguishing system for the underground transport system according to the present utility model. This system consists of a pipeline for supplying water from a public network to at least one tank, which is connected by means of a connecting pipe to at least one multistage pump with an electric motor electrically connected to an external power supply; from the distribution network of fire hydrants; from a low-pressure water distribution unit in water-sprinkler nozzles with a sprinkler head and a high-pressure water distribution center connected to a system of parallel spray heads; and by electrical fire alarm, including fire sensors with at least two types of fire detection detectors and a central electrical alarm unit. The purpose of the utility model is to connect a low pressure chamber of the multistage pump to a low pressure distribution unit via a low pressure solenoid valve through at least two pairs of water sprinkler nozzles with a sprinkler head which are longitudinally mounted on top of a transversely oriented emergency underground object. main underground transport site. At the same time, the high pressure chamber of the multistage pump is connected to a high pressure distribution unit by at least one high pressure solenoid valve, which is connected to two adjacent pairs of water spray nozzles, which are longitudinally mounted on the upper part of the main underground transport site. . In addition, at the top of the underground transport site there is a linear thermal alarm for early fire detection, which has at least one fire sensor, where there are electrically connected high and low pressure solenoid valves to the valve station of a stabilized fire device, and the linear heat alarm fire sensors are connected via the central unit for electronic fire alarm.

It is useful if an additional pump for height

The U1 pressure in the high pressure distribution unit is connected in parallel to the outlets of the multistage pump, as well as an additional low pressure pump in the low pressure distribution unit.

It is also an advantage if there is at least one transversely oriented emergency underground site between the two main underground transport sites.

It is also an advantage if there is a backup power generator connected to an external power supply.

Another advantage is if the high pressure distribution unit, the low pressure distribution unit and / or the fire hydrant distribution network are equipped with at least one additional valve for mobile connection to pressurized water for fire extinguishing.

According to the present utility model, the stationary active fire-fighting system, in particular for an underground transport system, is technically simple. Compared to other active fire extinguishing systems, it has lower investment requirements and provides a fast and safe emergency exit for people through a transversely oriented emergency underground site from the main emergency underground transport site during the fast and efficient automatic extinguishing of a local or large fire in the main underground transport site.

Brief description of the figures

A specific example of a stationary active fire-fighting system for an underground transport system, according to the utility model, is presented in the attached figures, where:

Figure 1 is a functional diagram of the connection of the water distribution units for a pair of main underground transport sites with nozzles for spraying water, between which is the transversely oriented emergency underground site with water sprinkler nozzles with sprinkler heads;

Figure 2 is a functional diagram of the electrical connection of the device according to the utility model;

Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the main longitudinal underground transport site;

Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the emergency underground site from the main underground

2319 UI transport object.

Examples of implementation of the utility model

An example of a stationary active fire-fighting system for an underground transport system, in accordance with the utility model, is presented in the attached figures 1 to 4. The main underground transport site is longitudinally divided into several sections. However, the device shown relates to only one part of the section and consists of a pipeline 2 for supplying water from the public network to a tank 1, which is connected by an intermediate pipeline 21 to a multistage pump 3 with an electric motor 4 the so-called soft start, which is electrically connected to a power supply 5, for example to a 400 V switchgear, 3-phase, 50Hz. In addition, the device consists of a distribution network 9 of fire hydrants 91; low pressure distribution unit 7 of water to water sprinkler nozzles with sprinkler head 12; a high pressure water distribution unit 8 which is connected to the system of parallel mounted pairs of heads 13 for spraying sprayed water; and of at least two types of fire detectors and a central electric fire alarm unit 16. A low pressure chamber 31 of a multistage pump 3 is connected to the low pressure distribution unit 7 by a low pressure solenoid valve 15 with four pairs of sprinkler nozzles. Chapter 12, which are located longitudinally in the upper part of a transversely oriented emergency underground site from the main underground site. A high pressure chamber 32 of the multistage pump 3 is in each main underground site connected by the high pressure distribution block 8 to high pressure solenoid valves 14 which are connected to two adjacent pairs of spray nozzles 13 which are above the false located at the top of the main underground transport site. At the top of the main underground transport site, a linear thermal alarm for early detection of fire 10 with fire sensors 17, e.g. photoelectric smoke sensor and the like. The high pressure solenoid valves 14 and the low pressure solenoid valves 15 are electrically connected to the valve section 18 of the stationary active fire-fighting system for underground transport system and by means of the central block for electric fire-fighting signaling 16 (which is conveniently separated for each main underground transport site), with fire sensors 17 and with a linear thermal alarm for early detection of fire 10 in the form of a detection cable along the entire length of the main underground transport site, which can be programmed for areas of different lengths. A backup electric generator 6, for example a diesel generator, can also be connected to an external power supply 5, i. external electrical network. The high pressure distribution unit 8 is equipped with two additional valves (not shown) for an additional mobile connection for pressurized water, which is not shown.

During air removal, all distribution blocks of the device are filled with water and at elevated pressure to a set operating pressure through the operating capacity of the multistage pump 3, i. in the distribution network 9 of the fire hydrants 91 and in the low pressure distribution unit 7 the operating pressure reaches a value of 3 bar, and in the high pressure distribution unit 8 to the pressure of the high pressure solenoid valves 14, for example to a value of at least 10 bar in the most - the remote spray head for sprayed water 13. These water pressures are kept constant by an additional high pressure pump 33 in the high pressure distribution unit 8, as well as by an additional low pressure pump 34 in the low pressure distribution unit 7.

In case one of the fire sensors 17 in the linear thermal alarm for early detection of fire 10 detects an explosion of fire, this condition is automatically signaled in the central block for electrical fire alarm 16 and it will be detected by the valve station 18 of the stationary fire system. At the same time, automatically (if necessary, this can be done manually from the valve station 18 of the stationary fire system or from the fire alarm, which is not shown here), the high pressure solenoid valves 14, which are located closest to fire and by starting the multistage pump 3 they activate the corresponding sprinkler heads for sprayed water 13. At the same time people are evacuated from the place of fire through the nearest possible exit from the main underground transport site. However, if the fire also affects the emergency site of the main underground transport site and the inlet temperature exceeds the opening temperature set for the sprinkler head 12, e.g. 69 ° C, this will cause the glass sphere of the sprinkler head of the nearest water sprinkler nozzle to burst with the sprinkler head 12, and the fire-fighting water begins to flow from the constant low pressure distribution block 7 through the open sprinkler head 12 at the time of starting. the additional low-pressure pump 34 and / or the multistage pump 3. This allows for the safe evacuation of people through the escape site from the main underground transport site. At the same time, the fire is prevented from spreading to other objects. After extinguishing the fire, the operating personnel of the device stops the flow of water from the valve station 18 of the stationary fire extinguishing system for underground transport system in its distribution network. The damaged parts of the system are then repaired, and by means of the known operational capabilities of the multistage pump 3, the distribution blocks of the device are filled with water and the pressure is increased to a set pressure, i. in the distribution network 9 of the fire hydrants 91 and in the distribution unit for low pressure 7, as well as in the distribution unit for high pressure 8 to the solenoid valves 14, and the fire signal in the central unit for electrical fire alarm 16 is reset. Thanks to these actions, the device returns to its original operating state.

The described and presented example is not the only possible realization of the utility model, as it can refer only to one main underground transport site or to several main underground transport sites with at least one transversely oriented emergency underground site. Distribution network 9 of

III fire hydrants (taps) 91 and / or the low pressure distribution unit 7 may be equipped with at least one additional valve for the mobile pressure pipeline, if necessary, the device may not contain the additional generator 6; additional water distribution valves; additional high pressure and low pressure pumps 33.34. In addition, the number of fire hydrants (taps) 91, fire sensors 17, sprinkler nozzles 12, spray water spray heads 13, high pressure solenoid valves 14 and low pressure solenoid valves 15, which are described in the example, may be different.

Industrial applicability

The stationary active fire-fighting system, in particular for an underground transport system according to the utility model, has universal application for roads with one or two tunnels and railway tunnels, for closed car parks of large shopping centers, for large-capacity garages, and as part of facilities in mining activity.

Claims (7)

Claims Stationary active fire-fighting system, in particular for an underground transport system consisting of a pipeline, at least one tank, water spray nozzles, an electric fire alarm system with fire detection sensors, characterized in that the pipeline (2) is connected to a public water supply network and to at least one tank connected by means of an intermediate pipeline (21) to at least one multistage pump (3) with an electric motor (4) which is electrically connected to an external power supply (5), the system also includes a distribution network (9) of fire hydrants (91); a low pressure water distribution unit (7) in the sprinkler nozzles (12); a high pressure water distribution unit (8) connected to a system of parallel head pairs (12) for spraying sprayed water; as the electrical fire alarm system has at least two fire detection sensors (17) and a price 2319 UI trawl unit for electrical signaling (16), wherein the low pressure chamber (31) of the multistage pump (3) is connected by means of the low pressure distribution block (7) by a low pressure solenoid valve (15) with at least two pairs of water spray nozzles with a sprinkler head (12), which are located longitudinally in the upper part of the transversely oriented emergency object from the main underground transport object, and the high pressure chamber (32) of the multistage pump (3) is connected by the high pressure distribution unit (8) with at least one high pressure electric valve (14) connected to two adjacent pairs of spray heads (13) located longitudinally at the top of the main underground transport site, the upper part of which is located at the top of this site. a linear thermal alarm for early fire detection (10) with at least one fire sensor (17), the high pressure solenoid valves (14) being electrically connected to the solenoid valve the low pressure (15) in the valve station (18) of a stationary fire-fighting device, and the fire sensors (17) of the linear thermal alarm (10) are connected by the central block for electrical fire alarm (16). Stationary active fire-fighting system, in particular for an underground transport system according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises an additional high-pressure pump (33) in the high-pressure distribution unit (8) and an additional low-pressure pump (34) ) in the low pressure distribution block (7). Stationary active fire-fighting system, in particular for an underground transport system according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that there is at least one transversely oriented emergency underground site between the two main underground sites. Stationary active fire-fighting system, in particular for an underground transport system according to claim 3 or 2, characterized in that the backup electric current generator (6) is connected to an external power supply (5). Stationary active fire-fighting system, in particular for an underground transport system according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that the high-pressure distribution unit (8) is equipped with at least one additional valve for a mobile extinguishing water pressure connector on fire. Stationary active fire-fighting system, in particular for an underground transport system according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that the fire hydrant distribution network (9) (91) is equipped with at least one additional valve for the mobile water connector under fire extinguishing pressure. Stationary active fire-fighting system, in particular for an underground transport system according to Claim 1 or 6, characterized in that the low-pressure distribution block (7) is equipped with at least one additional valve for the mobile extinguishing water pressure connector on fire.