RU2640476C2 - Fire-extinguishing sprinkler plant and method of operation of said plant - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: fire safety.

SUBSTANCE: sprinkler fire-extinguishing plant contains a distribution network with controlled sprinkler water mist sprayers with, that are connected with their autonomous blocks of multifactor control and management with the possibility of each block to perform its multicriterial early fire detection and low-inertia forced start of its sprinkler sprayer by a pyrotechnic drive. The distribution network is complete with an autonomous function and is connected via a supply pipeline and a check valve with an electric pump connected to a water feeder tank, which is connected to a drinking and household water pipeline via a float valve, and the electric pump is controlled by a power control unit coupled with a control and automation control device, designed to control the electric pump switching on by a pressure sensor signal for an operating time, set by the device program in order to form a mist water jet with a specified spraying time.

EFFECT: early detection of fire, low-inertia start of fire-extinguishing means, fire extinguishing by a small volume of water at facilities that have a drinking and household pipeline as the only source of water.

6 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to fire fighting equipment, and more particularly to a high-speed automatic water-filled sprinkler fire extinguishing installations.

The sprinkler installation is designed for early fire detection, for subsequent low-inertia launching of fire extinguishing agents, for gentle (due to the use of small volumes of water) fire localization and extinguishing at facilities that have a drinking water pipeline as a sole source of water supply, such as cottages, cottages, apartments, retail outlets, saunas, etc.

The prior art sprinkler fire extinguishing installation according to the patent RU 2424838 C1, taken as a prototype, which can operate from a pipeline for drinking and household purposes and provide the necessary level of pressure in the network.

The composition of the known sprinkler fire extinguishing installation, selected as a prototype, includes a water supply source, a network of main and distribution pipelines with sprinkler heads, additionally contains a main water supply with a filter lowered into the source, which is connected to the main pipeline, and a recharge system installed parallel to the main line water supply system and including a feed line for auxiliary water supply and auxiliary automatic water supply. The signaling system includes a signaling valve. The main pipeline is connected to a network of distribution pipelines in which sprinkler heads are mounted. Each head is made in the form of a fitting with a through hole and a threaded part passing into the end valve part. The fitting, by means of an axisymmetric bracket, consisting of two vertical volumetric stiffening ribs and two inclined prismatic ribs rigidly connected to them, is rigidly connected to a hollow cylindrical sleeve with an internal thread interacting with a clamping bolt that presses the glass flask against the locking poppet valve. On the other hand, a spray device in the form of a socket with petals arranged relative to each other with a gap is attached to the sleeve, perpendicular to its axis. The poppet valve is located through the gasket axisymmetrically on the side of the fitting opposite the threaded part. A glass flask with a liquid inside is a heat-sensitive element that responds to excess temperature.

The known sprinkler installation is able to automatically detect a fire by means of sprinkler sprinklers by triggering the corresponding glass thermowells, it is able to provide automatic water supply through the main pipeline and through sprinklers by means of a control-signal system, it is capable of providing a certain water pressure at the initial moment of extinguishing by switching on an auxiliary (automatic) water feeder parallel to the line main water supply.

The disadvantages of the prototype is the significant inertia of automatic fire detection, due to the significant inertia of the operation of the glass thermoball. The inertia of the thermal bulb does not allow to detect fires in the early stages, which leads to an increase in the extinguishing time and requires an increase in the volume of water necessary for extinguishing.

An additional disadvantage of the prototype is the unlimited time consumption of water during fire fighting. The use of large volumes of water continuously poured onto the fire, often leads to additional damage, sometimes comparable to the damage caused by fire.

Therefore, there is a need to exclude excessive irrigation of the source of ignition, while it is necessary to accelerate the process of extinguishing.

The use of finely atomized water makes it possible to reduce water consumption during the elimination of a fire and speed up the process of extinguishing. The finely sprayed water torch (with droplets from 10 μm to 150 μm) gives an increased area of evaporated liquid compared to the torch formed by spraying water with a standard sprinkler and consisting of large sprays (with drops more than 150 μm).

It is known to use special sprinkler sprinklers to produce torches of finely atomized water, for example, made according to the patents: RU 94154, RU 112634, RU 151278, RU 2557499.

In addition, it is important for successful extinguishing to deliver small drops of water to the ignition site. This becomes possible if the droplets are given a certain direction vector and velocity under the action of a certain water pressure.

The technical problem to which the invention is directed is to increase the efficiency of fire protection of objects using a small amount of extinguishing agent under conditions of an unreliable and / or limited supply of water, for example, from a drinking water supply pipeline.

The technical problem can be solved by creating a sprinkler fire extinguishing installation, which contains a sprinkler water-filled distribution pipe network, which is under a certain water pressure, according to the invention, the distribution network contains controlled sprinkler sprinklers of finely atomized water, which are connected with their autonomous units of multi-factor monitoring and control with the possibility of each block of its multicriteria early detection algorithm and an inertial forced electric start-up of its sprinkler sprinkler of finely dispersed water by means of a pyrotechnic drive, while the distribution network is designed to function autonomously and is connected by means of a supply pipe and a check valve to an electric pump installed inside the water supply tank, which is connected via a float valve and a pipeline to the household drinking water supply destination, while the electric pump is connected by an electric cable to the power control unit, which it is connected to an automation control and management device connected to a liquid level control device, which is installed in the upper part of the water supply tank, and connected to a pressure sensor that is installed in the supply pipe, and connected to signaling and warning devices, the automation control and management device made with the possibility, after a forced start of the sprinkler sprinkler of finely dispersed water, to be controlled by a pressure sensor signal by switching on (by means of a power control unit) an electric pump for a specified duration of the work with the aim of forming a torch of finely atomized water of a certain duration of irrigation.

A fire extinguishing sprinkler installation can maintain standby water pressure in the distribution network at a level of at least 0.6 MPa.

The fire extinguishing sprinkler installation may have autonomous multifactorial monitoring and control units made in the form of a “Start 2” or “Start 3” sprinkler sprinkler irrigation device TU 4371-127-00226827-2014.

In a sprinkler fire extinguishing installation, there may be a sprinkler sprinkler made in the form of a sprinkler sprinkler water spray “Breeze” TU 4854-107-00226827-2009.

In a sprinkler fire extinguishing installation, the electric pump can be installed on a separate platform outside the water tank.

In more detail, the invention is illustrated using the drawing.

In FIG. 1 shows a combined scheme of a sprinkler fire extinguishing installation.

The installation comprises a water supply tank 1 connected via a float valve 2 to a household drinking water pipe, and a distribution pipe network 3 connected via a supply pipe 4 and a check valve 5 to an electric pump 6 installed in the water supply tank and connected by an electric cable 7 to a power unit control 8 connected to the control device and automation 9, which is connected to a device for controlling the level of liquid 10, a pressure sensor 11, a siren 12, a siren s light 13. The distribution network comprises a self-contained units multivariate monitoring and control 14 with its pyrotechnic actuators 15 and controlled water mist sprinklers 16.

In addition, a three-way valve 17 with a pressure gauge showing 18 is installed at the upper point of the supply pipeline.

Sprinkler fire extinguishing system works as follows:

- initially fill the water tank 1 of the installation with water to a certain level from the drinking water supply, automatically maintaining the water level through the float valve 2;

- provide automatically in the interconnected supply 4 and distribution 3 pipelines a water pressure of at least 0.6 MPa through the operation of the electric pump 6 and the check valve 5 and by means of control commands received from the control and automation device 9 in the power control unit 8 ;

- manually in the process of setting up the installation by means of a three-way valve bleed air from the pipeline network;

- carry out pressure monitoring and control of water pressure in the distribution network by means of a pressure sensor 11, a device for monitoring and controlling automation, an electric pump and a check valve;

- the protected object is monitored for fire hazard by autonomous multifactor control and control units 14 installed in the distribution pipeline network, by monitoring temperature changes and low-frequency radiation fluctuations, comparing the data obtained with a priori images previously recorded in the unit's memory, and performing multi-criterion processing of the obtained data values prehistory and a priori parameters, depending on the degree of correlation, establish levels of n Zharno danger form respective signals and commands;

- notify about the levels of fire hazard through sound and light annunciators 12, 13;

- Notify of fire hazard levels at a fire station;

- carry out the electric start of the pyrotechnic drive 15 by the “Start” command, which comes from the autonomous multi-factor control and control unit that has detected a fire source, destroying the thermal bulb of the corresponding controlled sprinkler of finely sprayed water 16;

- form a torch from drops with an average diameter of less than 150 microns with a certain direction vector and speed above the detected fire source under the influence of a certain water pressure by a sprinkler of finely sprayed water;

- they carry out a water supply of a certain duration during extinguishing, maintaining the water pressure by automatically turning on the electric pump according to the control command of the control and automation device in accordance with a given program algorithm of operation.

New in the proposed design of the sprinkler fire extinguishing installation compared to the prototype is the presence of a distribution network under guaranteed water pressure, using instead of conventional sprinkler sprinklers, multifunctional autonomous multivariate monitoring and control units. Moreover, each block consists of a multicriteria detector, which is connected to its high-speed pyrotechnic drive, which carries out a controlled start-up of a special sprinkler sprinkler, which is low-consumption and capable of forming a torch from small drops with high kinetic energy with a water pressure of more than 0.6 MPa, limited by devices for monitoring and controlling the duration of irrigation automation.

The above set of essential features determines in a decisive way the achievement of more effective fire protection of facilities located in conditions of limited supply of water to facilities.

The proposed method of fire protection provides multi-factor control of the fire hazard, provides almost instant opening in the area of the detected fire source of a low-flow sprinkler at an earlier stage of fire development, while ensuring the formation of a finely sprayed water stream.

The implementation of the interrelated operational functions allows you to get a technical result, which is expressed in increasing the extinguishing efficiency with a low consumption of extinguishing agent.

Claims (6)

1. The sprinkler fire extinguishing system contains a water-filled sprinkler distribution network that is under a certain water pressure, characterized in that the distribution network contains controlled sprinkler sprinkler sprinklers that are connected to their autonomous multifactor control and management units with the possibility of each block having its multi-criteria early algorithm detection and low-inertial forced electric start of its sprinkler about finely sprayed water by means of a pyrotechnic drive, while the distribution network is designed to function autonomously and is connected via a supply pipe and a check valve to an electric pump installed inside the water supply tank, which is connected via a float valve and a pipeline to a household drinking water supply, while the electric pump connected by an electric cable to the power control unit, which is connected to a control and automation device connected to with a device for monitoring the liquid level, which is installed in the upper part of the water tank, and connected to a pressure sensor that is installed in the supply pipe, and connected to signaling and warning devices, and the device for monitoring and controlling automation is made with the possibility after a forced start of the sprinkler sprinkler finely sprayed water to control by the signal of the pressure sensor by turning on (through the power control unit) of the electric pump for a specified program of the device for a long time To work with the goal of forming a torch of finely sprayed water of a certain duration of irrigation. 2. Sprinkler fire extinguishing installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the water pressure in standby mode in the distribution network is maintained at a level of at least 0.6 MPa. 3. The fire extinguishing sprinkler installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the stand-alone multi-factor monitoring and control units are made in the form of a “Start 2” or “Start 3” sprinkler irrigation sprinkler irrigation system. 4. Sprinkler fire extinguishing installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the sprinkler sprinkler is made in the form of a sprinkler sprinkler water spray "Breeze". 5. Sprinkler fire extinguishing installation according to p. 1, characterized in that the electric pump is installed on a separate platform outside the water tank. 6. A method of operating a sprinkler fire extinguishing installation, characterized in that the water tank is initially filled with water up to a certain level from the drinking water supply system, automatically maintaining the water level through a float valve; provide automatically in interconnected supply and distribution pipelines a water pressure of at least 0.6 MPa through the operation of an electric pump and a non-return valve using control commands from the control and automation device to the power control unit; manually in the process of setting up the installation by means of a three-way valve bleed air from the pipeline network; carry out pressure control and control the water pressure in the distribution network by means of a pressure sensor, a device for monitoring and controlling automation, an electric pump and a check valve; the protected object is monitored for fire hazard by autonomous multivariate monitoring and control units installed in the distribution pipeline network by controlling temperature changes and low-frequency radiation fluctuations, comparing the obtained data with a priori images previously recorded in the unit's memory, performing recurrent multicriteria processing of the obtained historical data values and a priori parameters, depending on the degree of correlation danger, form the appropriate signals and commands; notify of fire hazard levels through sound and light annunciators; Notify of fire hazard levels at a fire station; electrically start the pyrotechnic drive by the “Start” command, which comes from the autonomous multi-factor control and control unit that has detected a fire source, destroying the thermal bulb of the corresponding controlled sprinkler of finely sprayed water; form a torch from drops with an average diameter of less than 150 microns with a certain direction vector and speed above the detected fire source under the action of a specific water pressure by a sprinkler of finely sprayed water; they carry out a water supply of a certain duration during extinguishing, maintaining the water pressure by automatically turning on the electric pump according to the control command of the control and automation device in accordance with a given program algorithm of operation.

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