RU2577652C1 - Sprinkler for fire fighting installation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: salvage operations.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to firefighting equipment. Technical result is achieved by the fact that the sprinkler fire extinguishing plant consisting of a water supply source, a network of distribution pipelines with sprinkler heads, additionally contains a main water feeder with a filter submerged into the source and connected with the main pipeline, and a feed system installed in parallel to the line of the main water feeder and including a pipeline feeding an auxiliary water feeder and an auxiliary (automatic) water feeder, while the control-signal system includes a control signal valve and a signal device, for example, in the form of an acoustic buzzer; at that, the main pipeline is connected to a network of distribution pipelines, in which there are installed sprinkler heads, every of which is composed in the shape of a nipple with a through hole and a threaded part changing into an end valve part; at that, the nipple, by means of an axially symmetric bracket consisting of two vertical voluminous stiffening ribs and rigidly connected to them two inclined prismatic ribs, is rigidly connected with a hollow cylindrical bushing with internal thread interacting with a clamp bolt which presses a glass tube to a poppet valve; at that, on the other side of the bushing and perpendicularly to its axis there is fixed a sprayer in the form of a socket with petals arranged with a gap relative to each other, while axisymmetrically, on the side of the nipple opposite to the threaded part there is installed a separated by a gasket poppet valve connected with the element triggered automatically in response to excess of preset temperature in the room made in the shape of a glass tube representing a thermal lock.

EFFECT: higher efficiency of fire extinguishing ensured by introduction of high-speed elements into the common circuit of an automatic fire extinguishing system.

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Description

The invention relates to fire fighting equipment.

The closest object to the declared technical essence is a sprinkler fire extinguishing system, consisting of a water supply source, a network of main and distribution pipelines with sprinkler heads, it additionally contains a main water supply with a filter lowered into the source, and connected to the main pipeline, and a recharge system installed parallel to the main water supply line and including the auxiliary water feed line and the auxiliary (automatic water supply, and the control-signal system includes a control-signal valve and a signaling device, for example, in the form of an audible siren, while the main pipeline is connected to a network of distribution pipelines in which sprinkler heads are mounted (RF patent No. 2424838, B05B 1 / 20 is a prototype).

The disadvantage of the prototype is the inability to create an optimal flow structure during the formation of film curtains of great length, due to the large turbulization of the flow at the exit of the slit hole and violation of the continuity of the stream as the flow of the outflowing fluid from the said hole.

EFFECT: increased fire extinguishing efficiency due to the introduction of high-speed elements in the general circuit of an automatic fire extinguishing system.

This is achieved by the fact that in the sprinkler fire extinguishing installation, consisting of a water supply source, a network of main and distribution pipelines with sprinkler heads, the main water supply is additionally contained with a filter lowered into the source and connected to the main pipeline, and a recharge system installed parallel to the main water supply line and including the auxiliary water supply feed line and the auxiliary (automatic) water supply, and the control and signal system The ma includes a control and signal valve and an alarm device, for example, in the form of an audible siren, while the main pipeline is connected to a network of distribution pipelines in which sprinkler heads are mounted, each of which is made in the form of a fitting with a through hole and a threaded part passing into end valve part, with the fitting by means of an axisymmetric bracket consisting of two vertical volumetric stiffeners and two inclined prismatic ribs rigidly connected to them, it is connected to a hollow cylindrical sleeve with an internal thread interacting with a clamping bolt that presses the glass flask against the poppet valve, while on the other hand, a spray device in the form of a socket with petals located relative to each other with a gap is attached to the sleeve, perpendicular to its axis and, axisymmetrically, on the side of the fitting opposite the threaded part, a locking poppet valve is located through the gasket, which is connected with the automatic response element to exceed the specified temperature in the room, which is made in the form of a glass bulb, which is a thermal lock.

In FIG. 1 is a diagram of a fire sprinkler installation, FIG. 2 is a diagram of a sprinkler head, in FIG. 3 is a plan view of FIG. 2.

The fire extinguishing sprinkler installation (Fig. 1) consists of a water supply source 1, a main water supply 2 with a filter lowered into the source, and connected to a main pipeline 7, a recharge system installed parallel to the main water supply line 2 and including a secondary water supply line 3 and auxiliary (automatic) water supply 4. The control-signal system includes a control-signal valve 5 and a signal device 6, for example, in the form of an audible siren. The main pipeline 7 is connected to a network of distribution pipelines 9 in which sprinkler heads 8 are mounted.

The network of main 7 and distribution 9 water pipes is located under the ceiling of the building and is filled with water under pressure created by automatic water supply 4 (water supply, water tank or hydropneumatic installation), capable of supplying at least 10 l / s for 10 min. Since this amount of water to extinguish the fire may not be enough, the main water supply unit 2 (pump, water supply or spare tank) is usually placed in the installation, which should provide a water flow rate of at least 30 l / s for 1 hour.

The sprinkler head (FIGS. 2 and 3) contains a housing made in the form of a nozzle 10 with a through hole and a threaded part (external thread — by means of a threaded part, the sprinkler is mounted on distribution pipelines), passing into the end valve part 11. The threaded nozzle 10 by means of an axisymmetric bracket consisting of two vertical volumetric stiffening ribs 12 and two inclined prismatic ribs 13 rigidly connected to them, is rigidly connected to the hollow cylindrical sleeve 14 with an internal thread interacting a clamping bolt 16 which presses the glass bulb 15 to the poppet valve 17. On the other side of the hub 14 perpendicular to its axis, is mounted a spray device in the form of sockets 19 with lobes 20 disposed relative to each other with a gap.

Axially symmetrically on the fitting, on the side opposite the threaded part, a locking poppet valve 17 is located through the gasket 18, which is connected to the automatic actuation element for exceeding the set room temperature, which is made in the form of a glass bulb 15 with a diameter of 5 mm, which is a thermal lock. Depending on the operating temperature, the liquid in the flask has a certain color: 68 ° C - red, 57 ° C - orange. The response temperature is selected depending on the category of protected premises. In case of removal of the thermally sensitive element - flask - from the proposed sprinkler, it automatically becomes a deluge sprinkler.

A variant is possible (Fig. 3) when the sprinkler head comprises a housing made in the form of a cylindrical sleeve 11 with at least three throttling holes 26 on its side surface, which can be made round, rectangular or elliptical in shape.

In the upper part of the sleeve 21, axisymmetrically, a fitting 22 for supplying a fire extinguishing composition is fixed, which is fixed on the sleeve using a lock nut 23. At the end of the fitting facing the spray device 31, a tapered groove 25 is made, into which the ball segment 24, which is blocking, enters a valve, and at the end of which a glass bulb 30 abuts, the other end of which abuts against an elastic liner 29 located in the center of the partition 27, in which at least three openings 28 for passage of the extinguishing agent are made and towards the spray device 31.

The spray device 31 is made in the form of at least two arcs 32 located on a conical surface, the upper part of which is fixed to the partition 27, and a socket 33 is attached to the lower part, which is part of the spherical surface 34, bounded by internal and external hemispheres and having thickness “s” lying in the range of 1–5 mm. The center of the hemispheres lies on the line connecting the axis of the cylindrical sleeve 21 and the axis of the partition 27. At least three grooves 35 are made on the spherical surface from its outer side, the axes of which are located on the lines radial with respect to the hemisphere, and the peripheral part of the hemisphere made at least three throttle holes 36, the centers of which lie in a plane parallel to the diametrical plane of the hemisphere, which is perpendicular to the axis of the cylindrical sleeve 21.

The axis of the throttle holes 36 intersect at a point lying on the axis of the cylindrical sleeve, and make an acute angle with this axis in the plane of the drawing.

The sprinkler works as follows.

Glass bulb 30 with a diameter of 5 mm is an element of automatic operation when the specified room temperature is exceeded, i.e. thermal lock. Depending on the operating temperature, the liquid in the flask has a certain color: 68 ° C - red, 57 ° C - orange. The response temperature is selected depending on the category of protected premises. In case of removal of the thermally sensitive element - flask - from the proposed sprinkler, it automatically becomes a deluge sprinkler.

When the sprinkler fires, the glass bulb 30 explodes, freeing the supply of the extinguishing agent through the nozzle 22, since the ball segment 24, which is a blocking valve, is removed by the extinguishing agent flow through the windows 26. Then, the extinguishing agent flows in two directions: the first through the windows 26 in the cylindrical sleeve 21, and the second toward the spray device 31 with a socket 33, which is part of a spherical surface 34, bounded by internal and external hemispheres and having a thickness "s" lying in the range not 1 ÷ 5 mm. The formation of a fine stream of extinguishing agent occurs on the socket 33 in the radial grooves 35 and throttle holes 36.

Sprinkler fire extinguishing system operates as follows.

Sprinkler heads are screwed into the distribution pipe 9 every 3 ... 4 m, which makes it possible to irrigate with one sprinkler, depending on the design and diameter of the passage opening, 6 ... 36 m ^{2 of} the floor area of the room. In unheated rooms with an air temperature of 0 ° C and below, water-air sprinkler systems are used, filled with water only up to the control and alarm valves 5, after which compressed air is located in pipelines with sprinklers. When opening the heads 8, air first leaves, and then water begins to flow.

The practice of using sprinkler installations has shown that in buildings equipped with them, it is possible to extinguish more than 90% of emerging fires, including before the arrival of fire groups.

Sprinklers can be made of the following types: with a flat outlet, which are installed vertically with the outlet down; with a concave outlet - installed vertically upwards; and universal - are installed as a socket down and a socket up. All of them are automatic flask type standard response sprinklers.

When the temperature rises during a fire in a production building, the heat-sensitive element (thermal lock) - bulb 15 (at a response temperature of 68 ° C - red, or 57 ° C - orange) - breaks and a fire extinguishing agent is ejected through poppet valve 17, spraying with using a spray outlet 19 with petals 20, it enters the fire. It is possible to use with the following types of extinguishing agent: water, aqueous solutions, foam. The multiplicity of the foam is 13.2%, the concentration is 3%. As a foaming agent in such fire extinguishing systems, a fluorosynthetic foaming agent of the "Multipena" type is used. It also works on a 6% aqueous solution of fluoride-containing foaming agent "Sublayer" under conditions of smoke in the room.

Sprinkler sprinklers can be used in water and water-air sprinkler systems, as well as in deluge systems. Flow coefficient: for sprinklers with a flat / concave outlet - 80. This coefficient is calculated by the formula Q = K · √p, where K = 80, Ρ is the pressure in front of the sprinkler (atm.), Q is the flow rate through the sprinkler (l / min) . The operating pressure of the system is 12.3 atm. Each sprinkler sprinkler should be tested at the factory at a pressure of 25 atm.

Claims (1)

A sprinkler fire extinguishing installation, consisting of a water supply source, a network of main and distribution pipelines with sprinkler heads, it further comprises a main water supply with a filter lowered into the source and connected to the main pipeline, and a recharge system installed parallel to the main water supply line and including a pipeline auxiliary water supply and auxiliary (automatic) water supply, and the control-signal system includes a counter flax-signal valve and signal device, for example, in the form of a sound siren, while the main pipeline is connected to a network of distribution pipelines in which sprinkler heads are mounted, each of which is made in the form of a fitting with a through hole and a threaded part passing into the end valve part, wherein the fitting by means of an axisymmetric bracket, consisting of two vertical volumetric stiffeners and rigidly connected two inclined prismatic ribs, is rigidly connected to the hollow a spherical sleeve with an internal thread interacting with a clamping bolt that presses the glass flask against the poppet valve, while on the other hand, a spray device is attached to the sleeve perpendicular to its axis in the form of a socket with petals located relative to each other with a gap, and axisymmetric, on the side of the fitting opposite the threaded part, a locking poppet valve is located through the gasket, connected to the automatic response element to exceed the set room temperature, which is made in the form of a glass bulb, which is a thermal lock, characterized in that the sprinkler head contains a housing made in the form of a cylindrical sleeve with at least three throttling holes on its side surface, and a fitting is fixed axially symmetrically in the upper part of the sleeve the supply of the extinguishing agent, which is fixed on the sleeve using a lock nut, while at the end of the nozzle facing the spray device, a conical groove is made, which includes the ball segment t, which is a blocking valve, and at the end of which a glass flask abuts, the other end of which abuts against an elastic liner located in the center of the partition, which has at least three openings for passage of the extinguishing agent to the side of the spray device in the form of at least at least two arcs located on a conical surface, the upper part of which is fixed to the partition, and a socket is attached to the lower part, which is a part of the spherical surface bounded by the inner and outer floor pores and having a thickness "s", the center of the hemispheres lying on the line connecting the axis of the cylindrical sleeve and the axis of the partition, and on the spherical surface, on its outer side, at least three grooves are made, the axes of which are located on radial with respect to to the hemisphere of the lines, and in the peripheral part of the hemisphere, at least three throttle holes are made, the centers of which lie in a plane parallel to the diametrical plane of the hemisphere, which is perpendicular to the axis of the cylindrical sleeve, and the axis of the throttle holes intersect are located at a point lying on the axis of the cylindrical sleeve, and make an acute angle with this axis in the plane of the drawing.

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