SK46995A3 - Polyethyleneterephtalate fibers with improved volume and method of its production - Google Patents
Polyethyleneterephtalate fibers with improved volume and method of its production Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- SK46995A3 SK46995A3 SK469-95A SK46995A SK46995A3 SK 46995 A3 SK46995 A3 SK 46995A3 SK 46995 A SK46995 A SK 46995A SK 46995 A3 SK46995 A3 SK 46995A3
- Authority
- SK
- Slovakia
- Prior art keywords
- pet
- fiber
- weight
- relative viscosity
- bidieol
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- -1 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000002667 nucleating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- RLSSMJSEOOYNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N m-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 RLSSMJSEOOYNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical class C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006224 matting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012417 linear regression Methods 0.000 claims 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 229930185605 Bisphenol Natural products 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002372 labelling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010972 statistical evaluation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000006057 Non-nutritive feed additive Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzophenone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012965 benzophenone Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000000843 phenylene group Chemical group C1(=C(C=CC=C1)*)* 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 8
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001634 Copolyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001734 carboxylic acid salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003018 phosphorus compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004609 Impact Modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004594 Masterbatch (MB) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 101100025919 Mus musculus Ncoa6 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 240000004594 Ribes aureum Species 0.000 description 1
- QCMRAYBJDNJFRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Sn].C(CCC)[Sn]=O Chemical compound [Sn].C(CCC)[Sn]=O QCMRAYBJDNJFRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052936 alkali metal sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009960 carding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010036 direct spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- JROGBPMEKVAPEH-GXGBFOEMSA-N emetine dihydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.Cl.N1CCC2=CC(OC)=C(OC)C=C2[C@H]1C[C@H]1C[C@H]2C3=CC(OC)=C(OC)C=C3CCN2C[C@@H]1CC JROGBPMEKVAPEH-GXGBFOEMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011796 hollow space material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001023 inorganic pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002074 melt spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-M phosphinate Chemical class [O-][PH2]=O ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004597 plastic additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012783 reinforcing fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005475 siliconizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003011 styrenyl group Chemical class [H]\C(*)=C(/[H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfate group Chemical group S(=O)(=O)([O-])[O-] QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L terephthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=C(C([O-])=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/07—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt for making fire- or flame-proof filaments
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/24—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a hollow structure; Spinnerette packs therefor
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/58—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products
- D01F6/62—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyesters
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4412969A DE4412969C1 (de) | 1994-04-14 | 1994-04-14 | PET-Fasern mit verbessertem Bausch und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
SK46995A3 true SK46995A3 (en) | 1995-11-08 |
Family
ID=6515450
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
SK469-95A SK46995A3 (en) | 1994-04-14 | 1995-04-10 | Polyethyleneterephtalate fibers with improved volume and method of its production |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0677601B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
CN (1) | CN1118819A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
CZ (1) | CZ92695A3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
DE (2) | DE4412969C1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
RU (1) | RU95105412A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
SK (1) | SK46995A3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
TW (1) | TW268050B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
ZA (1) | ZA952345B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5763538A (en) * | 1996-10-28 | 1998-06-09 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Process for making an oriented polyester article having improved hydrolytic stability |
JP4350381B2 (ja) * | 2001-05-17 | 2009-10-21 | ミリケン・アンド・カンパニー | 低収縮性ポリプロピレン繊維の製造方法 |
JP4027728B2 (ja) * | 2002-06-21 | 2007-12-26 | 帝人ファイバー株式会社 | ポリエステル系短繊維からなる不織布 |
KR100687032B1 (ko) * | 2006-04-14 | 2007-02-26 | 주식회사 효성 | 카펫용 3차원 크림프 폴리에틸렌테레프탈레이트멀티필라멘트 |
US8223899B2 (en) | 2007-03-23 | 2012-07-17 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Methods and apparatus for initial acquisition gain control in a communication system |
BR112013010370A2 (pt) * | 2010-10-27 | 2017-10-10 | Teijin Ltd | fibras curtas de poli(tereftalato de alquileno) ou poli(naftalato de alquileno), tecido não tecido obtido por via úmida, e, método para fabricar um tecido não tecido obtido por via úmida |
CN104126034B (zh) * | 2011-12-22 | 2018-07-06 | 3M创新有限公司 | 熔喷方法、低收缩率熔喷聚合物纤维和纤维结构体、以及可熔喷聚合物组合物 |
CN108276566A (zh) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-07-13 | 江阴赛胜新材料有限公司 | 降低pet结晶速率的生产方法 |
CN115948818B (zh) * | 2023-01-12 | 2025-01-28 | 广东秋盛资源股份有限公司 | 并列型复合纤维及其制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BE663082A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * | 1964-04-27 | |||
US3772137A (en) * | 1968-09-30 | 1973-11-13 | Du Pont | Polyester pillow batt |
EP0194808B1 (en) * | 1985-03-08 | 1989-05-17 | Unitika Ltd. | Polyester resin composition for forming an impact resistant article |
JPH01148809A (ja) * | 1987-11-13 | 1989-06-12 | E I Du Pont De Nemours & Co | 新規なポリエステル繊維質充填材料 |
DE4039857A1 (de) * | 1990-10-19 | 1992-04-23 | Inventa Ag | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur direkten, kontinuierlichen modifizierung von polymerschmelzen |
-
1994
- 1994-04-14 DE DE4412969A patent/DE4412969C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1995
- 1995-03-20 TW TW084102652A patent/TW268050B/zh active
- 1995-03-22 ZA ZA952345A patent/ZA952345B/xx unknown
- 1995-04-07 RU RU95105412/04A patent/RU95105412A/ru unknown
- 1995-04-10 SK SK469-95A patent/SK46995A3/sk unknown
- 1995-04-12 CZ CZ95926A patent/CZ92695A3/cs unknown
- 1995-04-12 DE DE59502718T patent/DE59502718D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-04-12 EP EP95105498A patent/EP0677601B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-04-13 CN CN95103959A patent/CN1118819A/zh active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE4412969C1 (de) | 1995-06-22 |
TW268050B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1996-01-11 |
EP0677601B1 (de) | 1998-07-08 |
RU95105412A (ru) | 1997-02-10 |
DE59502718D1 (de) | 1998-08-13 |
CZ92695A3 (en) | 1995-11-15 |
EP0677601A1 (de) | 1995-10-18 |
ZA952345B (en) | 1995-12-20 |
CN1118819A (zh) | 1996-03-20 |
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