SK289016B6 - Fireproof material - Google Patents
Fireproof material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- SK289016B6 SK289016B6 SK119-2019A SK1192019A SK289016B6 SK 289016 B6 SK289016 B6 SK 289016B6 SK 1192019 A SK1192019 A SK 1192019A SK 289016 B6 SK289016 B6 SK 289016B6
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- SK
- Slovakia
- Prior art keywords
- water glass
- fibers
- fireproof
- aqueous solution
- silicate
- Prior art date
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Na2O Inorganic materials [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000005210 alkyl ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920002748 Basalt fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- ILJSQTXMGCGYMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N triacetic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(=O)CC(O)=O ILJSQTXMGCGYMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- UXDDRFCJKNROTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerol 1,2-diacetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OCC(CO)OC(C)=O UXDDRFCJKNROTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
- NSOXQYCFHDMMGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrakis(2-hydroxypropyl)ethylenediamine Chemical compound CC(O)CN(CC(C)O)CCN(CC(C)O)CC(C)O NSOXQYCFHDMMGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229920000876 geopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 alkalis Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004079 fireproofing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002557 mineral fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010421 standard material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/24—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing alkyl, ammonium or metal silicates; containing silica sols
- C04B28/26—Silicates of the alkali metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K21/00—Fireproofing materials
- C09K21/02—Inorganic materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B14/38—Fibrous materials; Whiskers
- C04B14/42—Glass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B14/38—Fibrous materials; Whiskers
- C04B14/46—Rock wool ; Ceramic or silicate fibres
- C04B14/4643—Silicates other than zircon
- C04B14/4668—Silicates other than zircon of vulcanic origin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/04—Carboxylic acids; Salts, anhydrides or esters thereof
- C04B24/06—Carboxylic acids; Salts, anhydrides or esters thereof containing hydroxy groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/12—Nitrogen containing compounds organic derivatives of hydrazine
- C04B24/121—Amines, polyamines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00017—Aspects relating to the protection of the environment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00034—Physico-chemical characteristics of the mixtures
- C04B2111/00215—Mortar or concrete mixtures defined by their oxide composition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/28—Fire resistance, i.e. materials resistant to accidental fires or high temperatures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/20—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the density
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Fireproofing Substances (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Thermal Insulation (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Oblasť technikyThe field of technology
Vynález sa týka protipožiarneho izolačného materiálu, najmä protipožiarneho tepelnoizolačného materiálu obsahujúceho vodné sklo.The invention relates to a fire-resistant insulating material, in particular a fire-resistant heat-insulating material containing water glass.
Doterajší stav technikyCurrent state of the art
Zo stavu techniky je známe veľké množstvo obkladových materiálov vo forme dosiek.A large number of cladding materials in the form of boards are known from the state of the art.
Bežne sa používajú výrobky z lisovanej minerálnej vlny ošetrené protipožiarnym náterom. Vykazujú vysoké hodnoty tepelnoizolačných, protihlukových a protipožiarnych vlastností, ale sú zvyčajne veľmi objemné a ich inštalácia je často značne obtiažna.Products made of pressed mineral wool treated with a fireproof coating are commonly used. They show high values of thermal insulation, anti-noise and anti-fire properties, but they are usually very bulky and their installation is often quite difficult.
Ďalej je známy celý rad protipožiarnych dosiek, ktoré obsahujú ako plnivo expandovaný vermikulit či perlit vo forme guľôčok a anorganické spojivo. Majú dobré tepelnoizolačné vlastnosti, ale nie sú dostatočne pevné.Furthermore, a whole range of fireproof boards is known, which contain expanded vermiculite or perlite in the form of balls and an inorganic binder as a filler. They have good thermal insulation properties, but they are not strong enough.
Známe sú tiež cementovláknité dosky, ktoré ako spojivo používajú portlandský cement či zmes cementu a vápna, do ktorého sa pridávajú hydratačné prísady, plnivom sú drevené triesky či minerálna vlna. Nevýhodou je ich veľká hmotnosť a to, že ich nemožno použiť ako výplň do konštrukcií či zariadení.Also known are fiber-cement boards, which use Portland cement or a mixture of cement and lime as a binder, to which moisturizing additives are added, and the filler is wood chips or mineral wool. The disadvantage is their heavy weight and the fact that they cannot be used as filling in structures or equipment.
Známe sú tiež dosky na báze oxidu horečnatého. Vedľa horečnatých solí obsahujú ako plnivo sklené vlákna a štiepku. Ich nevýhodou je veľká krehkosť a vyššia hmotnosť a tiež nízka schopnosť odrážať žiar a oheň.Plates based on magnesium oxide are also known. In addition to magnesium salts, they contain glass fibers and chips as filler. Their disadvantage is great fragility and higher weight, as well as a low ability to reflect glow and fire.
Z patentového dokumentu KR 01644957 je známa cementovláknitá doska, ktorá obsahuje sklené alebo čadičové vlákna, spojivo je cement a fenolová živica. Nevýhodou je to, že dosky nie sú protipožiarne, vodoodolné a dostatočne pružné.From the patent document KR 01644957, a fiber-cement board is known, which contains glass or basalt fibers, the binder is cement and phenolic resin. The disadvantage is that the boards are not fireproof, waterproof and flexible enough.
Z ďalšieho patentového dokumentu KR 101791409 je známa vláknitá doska, kde spojivom je organický polymér. Nevýhodou tejto dosky je to, že je horľavá.From another patent document KR 101791409, a fibrous board is known, where the binder is an organic polymer. The disadvantage of this board is that it is flammable.
Z patentového dokumentu CZ PV 2015-37 je známy žiaruvzdorný geopolymérny kompozit, ktorý pozostáva z pevnej zložky a z kvapalnej zložky geopolymérneho spojiva tvoriace matricu a ďalej obsahuje vystužujúce štruktúry majúce funkciu plniva. Pevnú zložku geopolymérneho spojiva tvoria suroviny obsahujúce metakaolín a/alebo mletá vysokopecná granulovaná troska v množstve 35 až 60 % hmotn., kvapalnú zložku geopolymérneho spojiva tvorí vodný roztok kremičitanu sodného v množstve 35 až 45 % hmotn. Pevnú zložku vo funkcii plniva tvorí čadičový vláknitý materiál a/alebo recyklovaný uhlíkový vláknitý materiál, a/alebo sekané sklenené vlákna v množstve 1 až 20 % hmotn., pričom poslednú zložku žiaruvzdorného geopolymérneho kompozitu tvorí čistý hliníkový prášok alebo hliníková pasta v množstve 1 až 2 % hmotn. Surovina obsahujúca metakaolín a/alebo mletá vysokopecná granulovaná troska môže byť zmiešaná s úletovým elektrárenským popolčekom, a to v maximálnom možnom pomere 2 : 1. Nevýhodou tohto kompozitu je zložitá výroba a obmedzená tepelná odolnosť. Preto ho tiež nemožno použiť ako materiál s protipožiarnymi vlastnosťami.From the patent document CZ PV 2015-37, a heat-resistant geopolymer composite is known, which consists of a solid component and a liquid component of a geopolymer binder forming the matrix and further contains reinforcing structures with the function of a filler. The solid component of the geopolymer binder consists of raw materials containing metakaolin and/or ground blast furnace granulated slag in the amount of 35 to 60% by weight, the liquid component of the geopolymer binder consists of an aqueous solution of sodium silicate in the amount of 35 to 45% by weight. The solid component in the function of filler consists of basalt fibrous material and/or recycled carbon fibrous material and/or chopped glass fibers in the amount of 1 to 20% by weight, while the last component of the refractory geopolymer composite is pure aluminum powder or aluminum paste in the amount of 1 to 2 % wt. The raw material containing metakaolin and/or ground blast furnace granulated slag can be mixed with power plant fly ash in the maximum possible ratio of 2:1. The disadvantage of this composite is the complex production and limited heat resistance. Therefore, it also cannot be used as a material with fire-retardant properties.
Dnes požívané protipožiarne materiály spĺňajú predovšetkým podmienku nehorľavosti. Využívajú štandardné materiály, vápno, cement, tradičné plnivá, teda minerálne vlákna, drevo, papier. Väčšinou majú veľkú hmotnosť, tieto zmesi nie sú vhodné ako výplň do stavebných či priemyselných zariadení. Často nemajú dostatočne nízky súčiniteľ tepelnej vodivosti, ktorá môže byť zvýšená nasiakavosťou a následne prítomnosťou vlhkosti v materiáli. Ďalšou slabinou býva malá pevnosť alebo pružnosť. Aj keď sú to nehorľavé materiály, často nevedia odrážať priamo horiaci plameň a žiar.The fire-fighting materials used today primarily meet the condition of non-flammability. They use standard materials, lime, cement, traditional fillers, i.e. mineral fibers, wood, paper. They usually have a large weight, these mixtures are not suitable as a filler for construction or industrial equipment. They often do not have a sufficiently low coefficient of thermal conductivity, which can be increased by absorption and, consequently, the presence of moisture in the material. Another weakness is low strength or flexibility. Even though they are non-flammable materials, they often cannot reflect the burning flame and glow directly.
Z uvedeného stavu techniky je zrejmé, že hlavnou nevýhodou známeho stavu techniky je to, že známe materiály majú obmedzenú požiarnu odolnosť.It is clear from the mentioned state of the art that the main disadvantage of the known state of the art is that the known materials have limited fire resistance.
Cieľom vynálezu je konštrukcia materiálu, ktorý bude mať vysokú požiarnu odolnosť, pričom zároveň bude ekologický a bude ľahko použiteľný na rôzne druhy aplikácií.The goal of the invention is the construction of a material that will have high fire resistance, while at the same time it will be ecological and easy to use for various types of applications.
Podstata vynálezuThe essence of the invention
Uvedené nedostatky do značnej miery odstraňuje a ciele vynálezu napĺňa protipožiarny materiál, najmä protipožiarny tepelnoizolačný materiál obsahujúci vodné sklo, podľa vynálezu, ktorého podstata spočíva v tom, že je tvorený zmesou, ktorá obsahuje 34 až 49,9 % hmotn. anorganických nehorľavých vlákien, 50 až 65 % hmotn. vodného roztoku kremičitanu a 0,1 až 1 % hmotn. stabilizátora vodného skla s tým, že ďalej obsahuje tvrdidlo vodného skla a že vodný roztok kremičitanu má hustotu v rozsahu 1 370 až 1 400 kg/m3 a molárny pomer SiO2 a Na2O v rozsahu 3,2 až 3,4. Výhodou tohto protipožiarneho materiálu je vysoká tepelná stabilita, vysoká protipožiarna odolnosť, a tiež to, že je ekologický a zdravotne neškodný. Výhodou ďalej je, keď protipožiarny materiál obsahuje tvrdidlo vodného skla, ktorým môže byť glycerol mono až triacetát alebo ich zmes. Výhodou je to, že je možné optimalizovať rýchlosť tvrdnutia a tiež aj to, že výsledný materiál je po zatuhnutí čiastočne pružný.The mentioned shortcomings are largely eliminated and the goals of the invention are fulfilled by the fire-resistant material, especially the fire-resistant heat-insulating material containing water glass, according to the invention, the essence of which is that it is formed by a mixture containing 34 to 49.9% by weight. inorganic non-combustible fibers, 50 to 65 wt.% aqueous solution of silicate and 0.1 to 1 wt.% water glass stabilizer with the fact that it further contains a water glass hardener and that the aqueous silicate solution has a density in the range of 1,370 to 1,400 kg/m 3 and a molar ratio of SiO2 to Na2O in the range of 3.2 to 3.4. The advantage of this fireproof material is high thermal stability, high fire resistance, and also the fact that it is ecological and harmless to health. Another advantage is when the fire-retardant material contains a water glass hardener, which can be glycerol mono-triacetate or a mixture thereof. The advantage is that it is possible to optimize the speed of hardening and also that the resulting material is partially flexible after hardening.
Podľa prvého variantu je výhodné, keď sú anorganickými nehorľavými vláknami sklenené vlákna. Výhodne sú skleným vláknom vlákna alkalického zirkonického kremičitanu. Tieto vlákna sú ohybné, pevné, pružné, majú nízku tepelnú vodivosť, sú tepelne odolné, sú chemicky odolné, odolávajú alkáliám, kyselinám i organickým rozpúšťadlám, majú vysoký koeficient zvukovej absorpcie. Sú nehorľavé. Sú ekologické a zdravotne neškodné.According to the first variant, it is advantageous when the inorganic non-flammable fibers are glass fibers. Preferably, the glass fiber is alkaline zirconium silicate fibers. These fibers are flexible, strong, flexible, have low thermal conductivity, are heat resistant, chemically resistant, resistant to alkalis, acids and organic solvents, and have a high coefficient of sound absorption. They are non-flammable. They are ecological and harmless to health.
Podľa druhého variantu je výhodné, keď sú anorganickými nehorľavými vláknami čadičové vlákna. Tieto vlákna sú veľmi ohybné, vysoko pevné a pružné, majú nízku tepelnú vodivosť, vysokú tepelnú odolnosť, sú chemicky odolné proti vode, alkáliám, kyselinám i organickým rozpúšťadlám, majú vysoký koeficient zvukovej pohltivosti. Sú nehorľavé. Sú ekologické a zdravotne neškodné.According to the second variant, it is advantageous when the inorganic non-flammable fibers are basalt fibers. These fibers are very flexible, highly strong and flexible, have low thermal conductivity, high heat resistance, are chemically resistant to water, alkalis, acids and organic solvents, and have a high coefficient of sound absorption. They are non-flammable. They are ecological and harmless to health.
Výhodné je, keď majú anorganické nehorľavé vlákna dĺžku 6 až 12 mm.It is advantageous when the inorganic non-flammable fibers have a length of 6 to 12 mm.
V najvýhodnejšom variante je vodným roztokom kremičitanu vodný roztok kremičitanu sodného.In the most advantageous variant, the aqueous solution of silicate is an aqueous solution of sodium silicate.
Ďalej je výhodné, keď sú stabilizátorom vodného skla hydrofilné alkoxylové alkylamóniové soli.Furthermore, it is preferred when the stabilizer of the water glass is hydrophilic alkyl ammonium salts.
Hlavnou výhodou protipožiarneho materiálu podľa vynálezu je to, že je vysoko nehorľavý, má vysokú tepelnú odolnosť cez 1 000 °C a je žiaruvzdorný. Po zatvrdnutí má podobu skla, takže je dostatočne tvrdý, pevný a odolný proti vode, pritom je zároveň paropriepustný. Súčasne je odolný proti nárazu a tlaku. Protipožiarny materiál je možné jednoducho požívať na rôzne typy aplikácií, možno ho ľubovoľne tvarovať, je ľahký, rozmerovo stály. Možno ho využiť aj v trezoroch a iných bezpečnostných systémoch, napríklad v bezpečnostných dverách. Výhodou je aj to, že je z neho možné vyrábať pevné výrobky, akými sú napríklad izolačné dosky a tvarovky, a je možné protipožiarny materiál aplikovať aj v jeho tekutom stave.The main advantage of the fireproof material according to the invention is that it is highly non-flammable, has high heat resistance over 1000°C and is heat-resistant. After hardening, it takes the form of glass, so it is sufficiently hard, strong and water-resistant, while also being vapor-permeable. At the same time, it is resistant to impact and pressure. The fire-resistant material can be easily used for various types of applications, it can be shaped as desired, it is light and dimensionally stable. It can also be used in safes and other security systems, for example in security doors. Another advantage is that it is possible to make solid products from it, such as insulating boards and fittings, and it is also possible to apply the fireproofing material in its liquid state.
Príklady uskutočnenia vynálezuExamples of implementation of the invention
Príklad 1Example 1
Protipožiarny tepelnoizolačný materiál je tvorený zmesou, ktorá obsahuje 41 % hmotn. anorganických nehorľavých vlákien, 58,5 % hmotn. vodného roztoku kremičitanu sodného a 0,5 % hmotn. stabilizátora vodného skla.The fireproof thermal insulation material is made up of a mixture that contains 41% by weight. inorganic non-combustible fibers, 58.5 wt.% aqueous solution of sodium silicate and 0.5% wt. water glass stabilizer.
Anorganickými nehorľavými vláknami sú sklenené vlákna z alkalického zirkonického kremičitanu, ktoré majú dĺžku 6 až 12 mm.Inorganic non-flammable fibers are glass fibers made of alkaline zirconium silicate, which have a length of 6 to 12 mm.
Protipožiarny materiál ďalej obsahuje tvrdidlo vodného skla, ktorým je zmes čistého diacetátu/triacetátu glycerolu v pomere 7 : 3 objemových dielov, s koncentráciou 0,5 až 5 hmotn. % k čistému vodnému sklu.The fireproof material also contains a water glass hardener, which is a mixture of pure glycerol diacetate/triacetate in a ratio of 7:3 parts by volume, with a concentration of 0.5 to 5 wt. % to pure water glass.
Stabilizátorom vodného skla sú hydrofilné alkoxylové alkylamóniové soli vo forme 98 % vodného roztoku N, N, N ', N'-tetrakis (2-hydroxypropyl) etyléndiamínu.The water glass stabilizer is hydrophilic alkyl ammonium salts in the form of a 98% aqueous solution of N, N, N', N'-tetrakis (2-hydroxypropyl) ethylenediamine.
Vodný roztok kremičitanu sodného má hustotu 1 390 kg/m3 a molárny pomer SiO2 a Na2O je 3,3.The aqueous solution of sodium silicate has a density of 1,390 kg/m 3 and the molar ratio of SiO2 to Na2O is 3.3.
Výsledná zmes je naliata do silikónovej formy a je ponechaná v pokoji do vytvrdnutia, pričom výrobkom je protipožiarna izolačná doska.The resulting mixture is poured into a silicone mold and is left alone until it hardens, with the product being a fireproof insulating board.
Príklad 2Example 2
Protipožiarny tepelnoizolačný materiál je tvorený zmesou, ktorá obsahuje 41 % hmotn. anorganických nehorľavých vlákien, 58,5 % hmotn. vodného roztoku kremičitanu sodného a 0,5 % hmotn. stabilizátora vodného skla.The fireproof thermal insulation material is made up of a mixture that contains 41% by weight. inorganic non-combustible fibers, 58.5 wt.% aqueous solution of sodium silicate and 0.5% wt. water glass stabilizer.
Anorganickými nehorľavými vláknami sú čadičové vlákna, ktoré majú dĺžku 6 až 12 mm.Inorganic non-flammable fibers are basalt fibers, which have a length of 6 to 12 mm.
Protipožiarny materiál ďalej obsahuje tvrdidlo vodného skla, ktorým je zmes čistého diacetátu/triacetátu glycerolu v pomere 7 : 3 objemových dielov, s koncentráciou 0,5 až 5 % hmotn. k čistému vodnému sklu.The fireproof material also contains a water glass hardener, which is a mixture of pure diacetate/triacetate glycerol in a ratio of 7:3 parts by volume, with a concentration of 0.5 to 5% by weight. to a clean water glass.
Stabilizátorom vodného skla sú hydrofilné alkoxylové alkylamóniové soli vo forme 98 % vodného roztoku N, N, N ', N'-tetrakis (2-hydroxypropyl) etyléndiamínu.The water glass stabilizer is hydrophilic alkyl ammonium salts in the form of a 98% aqueous solution of N, N, N', N'-tetrakis (2-hydroxypropyl) ethylenediamine.
Vodný roztok kremičitanu sodného má hustotu 1 370 kg/m3 a molárny pomer SiO2 a Na2O je 3,2.The aqueous solution of sodium silicate has a density of 1,370 kg/m 3 and the molar ratio of SiO 2 and Na 2 O is 3.2.
Výsledná zmes naliata do silikónovej formy v tvare dosky je naliata do dutiny trezorových dverí a je ponechaná v pokoji do vytvrdnutia, pričom výrobkom sú protipožiarne trezorové dvere.The resulting mixture, poured into a silicone mold in the shape of a plate, is poured into the cavity of the safe door and is left alone until it hardens, with the product being a fireproof safe door.
Príklad 3Example 3
Protipožiarny tepelnoizolačný materiál je tvorený zmesou, ktorá obsahuje 34 % hmotn. anorganických nehorľavých vlákien, 65 % hmotn. vodného roztoku kremičitanu sodného a 1 % hmotn. stabilizátora vodného skla.The fireproof thermal insulation material is made up of a mixture that contains 34% by weight. inorganic non-combustible fibers, 65 wt.% aqueous solution of sodium silicate and 1% wt. water glass stabilizer.
Anorganickými nehorľavými vláknami sú čadičové vlákna, ktoré majú dĺžku 6 až 12 mm.Inorganic non-flammable fibers are basalt fibers, which have a length of 6 to 12 mm.
Protipožiarny materiál ďalej obsahuje tvrdidlo vodného skla, ktorým je zmes čistého diacetátu/triacetátu glycerolu v pomere 7 : 3 objemových dielov, s koncentráciou 0,5 až 5 hmotn. % k čistému vodnému sklu.The fireproof material also contains a water glass hardener, which is a mixture of pure glycerol diacetate/triacetate in a ratio of 7:3 parts by volume, with a concentration of 0.5 to 5 wt. % to pure water glass.
Stabilizátorom vodného skla sú hydrofilné alkoxylové alkylamóniové soli vo forme 98 % vodného roztoku N, N, N ', N'-tetrakis (2-hydroxypropyl) etyléndiamínu.The water glass stabilizer is hydrophilic alkyl ammonium salts in the form of a 98% aqueous solution of N, N, N', N'-tetrakis (2-hydroxypropyl) ethylenediamine.
Vodný roztok kremičitanu sodného má hustotu 1 400 kg/m3 a molárny pomer SiO2 a Na2O je 3,4.An aqueous solution of sodium silicate has a density of 1,400 kg/m 3 and the molar ratio of SiO 2 and Na 2 O is 3.4.
Výsledná zmes je naliata do silikónovej formy v tvare dosky a je ponechaná v pokoji do vytvrdenia, pričom výrobkom je protipožiarna izolačná doska.The resulting mixture is poured into a silicone mold in the shape of a board and is left alone until it hardens, while the product is a fireproof insulation board.
Príklad 4Example 4
Protipožiarny tepelnoizolačný materiál je tvorený zmesou, ktorá obsahuje 34 % hmotn. anorganických nehorľavých vlákien, 65 % hmotn. vodného roztoku kremičitanu sodného a 1 % hmotn. stabilizátora vodného skla. Anorganickými nehorľavými vláknami sú čadičové vlákna, ktoré majú dĺžku 6 až 12 mm. Protipožiarny materiál ďalej obsahuje tvrdidlo vodného skla, ktorým je zmes čistého diacetátu/triacetátu glycerolu v pomere 7 : 3 objemových dielov, s koncentráciou 0,5 až 5 % hmotn. k čistému vodnému sklu.The fireproof thermal insulation material is made up of a mixture that contains 34% by weight. inorganic non-combustible fibers, 65 wt.% aqueous solution of sodium silicate and 1% wt. water glass stabilizer. Inorganic non-flammable fibers are basalt fibers, which have a length of 6 to 12 mm. The fireproof material also contains a water glass hardener, which is a mixture of pure diacetate/triacetate glycerol in a ratio of 7:3 parts by volume, with a concentration of 0.5 to 5% by weight. to a clean water glass.
Stabilizátorom vodného skla sú hydrofilné alkoxylové alkylamóniové soli vo forme 98 % vodného roztoku N,N,N',N'-tetrakis(2-hydroxypropyl) etyléndiamínu.The water glass stabilizer is hydrophilic alkyl ammonium salts in the form of a 98% aqueous solution of N,N,N',N'-tetrakis(2-hydroxypropyl) ethylenediamine.
Výsledná zmes je naliata do dutiny trezorovej obalovej steny a je ponechaná v pokoji do vytvrdnutia, pričom výrobkom je trezorová klietka.The resulting mixture is poured into the cavity of the safe packaging wall and is left alone until it hardens, with the product being a safe cage.
Príklad 5Example 5
Protipožiarny tepelnoizolačný materiál je tvorený zmesou, ktorá obsahuje 49,9 % hmotn. anorganických nehorľavých vlákien, 50 % hmotn. vodného roztoku kremičitanu sodného a 0,1 % hmotn. stabilizátora vodného skla.The fireproof thermal insulation material is made up of a mixture that contains 49.9% by weight. inorganic non-flammable fibers, 50 wt.% aqueous solution of sodium silicate and 0.1% wt. water glass stabilizer.
Anorganickými nehorľavými vláknami sú sklenené vlákna z alkalického zirkonického kremičitanu, ktoré majú dĺžku 6 až 12 mm.Inorganic non-flammable fibers are glass fibers made of alkaline zirconium silicate, which have a length of 6 to 12 mm.
Protipožiarny materiál ďalej obsahuje tvrdidlo vodného skla, ktorým je zmes čistého diacetátu/triacetátu glycerolu v pomere 7 : 3 objemových dielov, s koncentráciou 0,5 až 5 hmotn. % k čistému vodnému sklu.The fireproof material also contains a water glass hardener, which is a mixture of pure glycerol diacetate/triacetate in a ratio of 7:3 parts by volume, with a concentration of 0.5 to 5 wt. % to pure water glass.
Stabilizátorom vodného skla sú hydrofilné alkoxylové alkylamóniové soli vo forme 98 % vodného roztoku N, N, N ', N'-tetrakis (2-hydroxypropyl)etyléndiamínu.The water glass stabilizer is hydrophilic alkyl ammonium salts in the form of a 98% aqueous solution of N,N,N',N'-tetrakis (2-hydroxypropyl)ethylenediamine.
Vodný roztok kremičitanu sodného má hustotu 1 390 kg/m3 a molárny pomer SiO2 a Na2O je 3,3.The aqueous solution of sodium silicate has a density of 1,390 kg/m 3 and the molar ratio of SiO2 to Na2O is 3.3.
Výsledná zmes naliata do silikónovej formy v tvare dosky je ponechaná v pokoji do vytvrdnutia, pričom výrobkom je protipožiarna izolačná doska.The resulting mixture poured into a silicone mold in the shape of a board is left alone until it hardens, and the product is a fireproof insulating board.
Priemyselná využiteľnosťIndustrial applicability
Protipožiarny materiál podľa vynálezu má široké využitie v stavebníctve a priemysle, pričom z neho možno vytvárať nielen samostatné izolačné výrobky, ale možno ho využiť na vyplnenie rôznych tvarovo zložitých priestorov. Výhodné má napríklad využitie ako izolácia stien od zdrojov tepla, izolácie stropov pod podhľadom, izolačné vrstvy na plochy na pečenie a pece, izolácia kozubov a kachlí, na odtienenie žiaru, ako protipožiarna vložka do dverí, vrát, odolné utesnenie okolo káblov, rúrok a káblových žľabov a žiaruvzdorná ochrana nosných konštrukcií. Môže sa využiť aj ako chemická ochrana, napríklad na výrobu chemických rohoží. Výhodné je aj použitie v bezpečnostných systémoch, ako sú napríklad výplne trezorových stien.The fireproof material according to the invention is widely used in construction and industry, and it can be used not only to create separate insulating products, but also to fill various spaces with complex shapes. It is advantageous, for example, for use as insulation of walls from heat sources, insulation of ceilings under the soffit, insulation layers for baking surfaces and ovens, insulation of fireplaces and stoves, for shielding the glow, as a fireproof insert for doors, gates, durable sealing around cables, pipes and cable gutters and heat-resistant protection of supporting structures. It can also be used as chemical protection, for example for the production of chemical mats. It is also advantageous to use in security systems, such as for example the filling of vault walls.
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-
2019
- 2019-08-06 CZ CZ2019511A patent/CZ308884B6/en unknown
- 2019-10-16 SK SK119-2019A patent/SK289016B6/en unknown
-
2020
- 2020-06-26 AU AU2020325426A patent/AU2020325426A1/en active Pending
- 2020-06-26 JP JP2022506597A patent/JP2022543089A/en active Pending
- 2020-06-26 BR BR112022002155A patent/BR112022002155A2/en unknown
- 2020-06-26 EP EP20747337.2A patent/EP4010297A1/en active Pending
- 2020-06-26 CA CA3140929A patent/CA3140929A1/en active Pending
- 2020-06-26 WO PCT/CZ2020/000032 patent/WO2021023322A1/en unknown
- 2020-06-26 CN CN202080049055.5A patent/CN114080374A/en active Pending
- 2020-06-26 US US17/627,667 patent/US12071580B2/en active Active
- 2020-06-26 KR KR1020227007350A patent/KR20220058904A/en unknown
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2022
- 2022-02-03 CL CL2022000288A patent/CL2022000288A1/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US12071580B2 (en) | 2024-08-27 |
| US20220356402A1 (en) | 2022-11-10 |
| CL2022000288A1 (en) | 2022-10-21 |
| CZ2019511A3 (en) | 2021-02-17 |
| SK1192019A3 (en) | 2021-02-10 |
| AU2020325426A1 (en) | 2021-11-25 |
| EP4010297A1 (en) | 2022-06-15 |
| CZ308884B6 (en) | 2021-08-04 |
| BR112022002155A2 (en) | 2022-04-19 |
| CA3140929A1 (en) | 2021-02-11 |
| JP2022543089A (en) | 2022-10-07 |
| KR20220058904A (en) | 2022-05-10 |
| WO2021023322A1 (en) | 2021-02-11 |
| CN114080374A (en) | 2022-02-22 |
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