CZ31184U1 - A thermo-insulating plasterboard - Google Patents

Description

Gypsum boards are the main component and building material in the construction of the gypsum system, they are a quick and cheap way of dry walling.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Gypsum system is now an integral part of the construction industry.

Gypsum boards allow you to quickly, cheaply and in good quality change the interior of your apartment, office, and other residential or non-residential premises. It is the most suitable material for the solution of interior space, for the solution of partition walls, creating recessed storage space, various niches, dividing larger rooms into smaller, etc. They can cover the cabling. They are suitable for lowering ceilings, ceiling ceilings can be fitted with ceiling lighting or attic tiles. They can cover old masonry, both indoor and outdoor. Can also be used as a light floor.

Installation of the boards is very simple. Gypsum boards are mounted on gypsum profiles. The profiles are usually made of galvanized steel or aluminum sheet. The design is location and manufacturer dependent. Its assembly is followed by cementing and grinding. The plasterboard can also be colored, but the better option is to acquire the color of your chosen plasterboard.

The view is straight, smooth to the touch. Therefore, it is prone to any scratches or abrasions with sharp objects, but is easy to repair.

Using plasterboard creates minimal waste - you can “cut” various shapes with it.

The most inexpensive types of drywall are not very resistant to moisture. But here it is possible to avoid this negative phenomenon by impregnation.

It is solid but cannot be used as a supporting structure. If we want to use a heavier object for plasterboard, first we need to reinforce the supporting structure.

Gypsum boards are relatively lightweight and therefore suitable for applications where conventional masonry materials would overload the static of a building.

Gypsum has a long lifetime, lower purchase price and is one of the ecological materials.

There are several types of drywall on the market:

1. Common gypsum boards - GKB and RB - are used in a common, dry environment, eg in flats or offices, without fire resistance requirements.

2. Impregnated drywall - GKBI - is used in environments with high humidity, such as bathrooms, kitchens, toilets. The boards are coated with impregnated material.

3. Fireproof gypsum boards - GKF - are used in normal, dry environment with the requirement for fire resistance of the building. Boards have increased resistance to burning.

4. Fire-resistant impregnated boards - GKFI - are used in environments with increased humidity requiring fire resistance of the building. The boards are coated with impregnated material and have increased resistance to burning.

5. Noise gypsum boards - significantly reduce the level of transmitted noise. These are Blue Silence and Lafarge La Sound.

6. Foldable gypsum boards - dry-bendable boards are used for assembly of bent wall constructions, hanging walls, soffits, vaults etc. These are Glasroc F Riflex boards.

-1 CZ 31184 Ul

The essence of the technical solution

The currently used gypsum boards have only very low sound and thermal insulation. Today, however, high demands are placed on saving thermal energy in houses. The new type of thermal insulation gypsum board significantly reduces the heat transfer through the board, the surface of the board is warm and creates a pleasant atmosphere in the room. At the same time, the warm surface of the material prevents mold.

Improvement of the thermoinsulating properties is in the use of glass hollow microspheres which contain air under low pressure. These microspheres represent a large number of heat transfer resistances. At the same time, the sound insulation properties of the material increase.

The glass ball board with air has a significantly lower weight than the existing gypsum board. This makes handling very easy during construction, especially when using boards as a ceiling. At the same time, the overall load on the house is reduced.

The thermal insulation gypsum board contains special three-layer paper. Its properties make up to 90% of the strength of the boards. The paper consists of three layers: the inner layer (a mixture of cardboard and recovered magazine paper) is in contact with the core and is designed to quickly absorb water from the gypsum mixture, the middle layer (recovered printed paper) forms the main barrier against water penetration and thus protection before wrinkling the paper and losing strength in a humid environment, and the top layer (white unprinted paper) serves as a decorative and affects the tensile strength. The paper is pressed on hydraulic machines.

The inner core of the slab consists of a burnt mixture of calcined gypsum hemihydrate (CaSO ₄ 1/2 H ₂ O), raw gypsum calcium sulfate dihydrate (CaSO ₄ .2 H ₂ O) and glass hollow microspheres of 0.25 to 0.5 mm .

The board core mixture further comprises chopped glass fibers of 6 mm in length which prevent cracks at high temperatures and ensure thermal expansion of the material. It also contains clay, which by its expansion compensates the shrinkage of gypsum when heated and prevents the formation of large cracks.

The thermo-insulating sheet also has a hydrophobic treatment of the core of the silicone-alkyl siloxane (methyl triethoxysilane) ester core, which increases the wetting angle for water so that upon contact of the sheet with water, its soaking is slowed down and water penetration into the sheet is limited.

Starch is further added to the inner core mixture to prevent mold formation and to increase fire resistance. It also serves as an adhesive between the core and the paper. Another component is dried finely ground gypsum with sugar as a hardening accelerator.

Naphthalene sulfonates and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid EDTA are used as plasticizer to remove water hardness.

The thermally insulating gypsum board is a three-layer system which contains 8 to 10 wt. % of glass hollow spheres of sizes 0.25 to 0.5 mm, 25 to 28 wt. % gypsum, 13 to 15 wt. % ground gypsum with a particle size of 1 mm, 45 to 48 wt. % water, 1 to 2 wt. % of glass fibers, 1 to 2 wt. % clay, 1 wt. % finely ground gypsum having a particle size of 80 to 100 µm, 1 wt. % starch, 1 wt. % sugar, 0.5 wt. % naphthalene sulfonates, 0.5 wt. % of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, the second layer being methyltriethoxysilanes silicones, which treat the core surface in an amount of 2 to 4 wt. the third layer is a three-layer paper which is adhered to the core from both sides by a 1% by weight starch solution, the layers of which consist of white unprinted paper, recovered printed paper and a mixture of recovered magazine paper. Examples of technical solutions

Thermo-insulating gypsum board consists of three layers. The first layer, the core, contains 8 wt. % glass hollow spheres of 0.25-0.5 mm, 25 wt. % gypsum, 13 wt. % ground gypsum, particle size 1 mm, 46 wt. % water, 2 wt. % of glass fibers, 2 wt. % clay, 1 wt. % finely ground gypsum with a particle size of 80 to 100 µm, 1 wt. % starch, 1 wt. % sugar, 0.5 wt. % naphthalene sulfonates, 0.5 wt. Ethyl 2C 31184 ULendiaminetetraacetic acid. The second layer is the silicones methyltriethoxysilanes, the core of which is surface-treated and which constitutes 3 wt. core. The paper is glued to the core from both sides with a 1% by weight starch solution. It consists of three layers, white unprinted paper, recovered printed paper and a mixture of recovered magazine paper.

Industrial applicability

Thermoinsulating gypsum board represents an improvement of thermal insulation properties of gypsum systems in the building industry. This represents significant energy savings in both households and industry. It has a warm surface and prevents mold in areas with higher humidity. It also provides better sound insulation. The board is very lightweight, easier to handle and represents less stress on buildings. It represents an improvement in the properties of contemporary gypsum boards.

Claims (1)

Thermo-insulating gypsum board, characterized in that it is a three-layer system which contains 8 to 10 wt. % glass hollow spheres having a size of 0.25 to 0.5 mm, 25 to 28 wt. % gypsum, 13 to 15 wt. ground gypsum size 15 particles of 1 mm, 45 to 48 wt. % water, 1 to 2 wt. % of glass fibers, 1 to 2 wt. % clay, 1 wt. % finely ground gypsum having a particle size of 80 to 100 µm, 1 wt. % starch, 1 wt. % of sugar, 0.5 wt.%, naphthalene sulfonates, 0.5 wt. % of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, the second layer being methyltriethoxysilanes silicones, which treat the core surface in an amount of 2 to 4 wt. of the core, the third layer is a three-layer paper that is adhered to the core from both sides by a solution 20% of starch having a concentration of 1% by weight, the layers of which consist of white unprinted paper, recovered printed paper and a mixture of recovered magazine paper. End of document