SK278427B6 - The superstructure without any gravel used for placing of rails - Google Patents

Abstract

The superstructure without any gravel used for placing of rails (4) closed to the railways contains the template layer (3), where the carrying plates (1) are located and they are bearing to fixed rails (4) being able to be released and these plates are placed on the intermediate layer (2) made based on the ductile and/or elastic material and between their opposite ends, there are placed two carrying plates (1) equipped with relives (9), where the snugs (10) are affecting, going out of the upper surface closed to the bolster layer (3), while the carrying plates (1) are equipped with snugs (12) on the opposite ends and on the sides turned off the upper surface and these snugs are used for placing of rails (4), these snugs are placed in the appropriate relive (13) in the foundation plate (8).

Description

Technical field

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a railless rail-free superstructure comprising a base plate, in particular of gutter-shaped, made in particular of monolithic concrete cast at a location on which support plates of concrete, possibly reinforced with steel reinforcement are supported. fastened rails and which are supported on an intermediate layer of ductile and / or resilient material, the support plates being of a longer length, in particular in the longitudinal direction of the rail track, than in the transverse direction, in the areas between their two opposite ends are provided with recesses formed on the upper side of the concrete backing layer, and the slit spaces between the protrusions and recesses are at least partially filled with a ductile and / or resiliently deformable material, wherein between two adjacent interface faces n In the case of the axial plates, the interface is formed.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

At the same time, the track superstructure is formed with a gravel bed, on which the rails are laid on transverse sleepers of, for example, steel, wood or reinforced concrete, and are attached to these sleepers by detachable joints. Recently, however, the scope of use of these upper structures has been increasingly limited, and the causes of this phenomenon vary. In occupied areas as well as in railway stations, noise emission is being reduced as much as possible, so that no-noise superstructure is used in these areas, where various adjustments to attenuate the noise produced by the passage of rail vehicles are easier to apply. In the underground sections of tunnels and in tunnels, the designers try to achieve the maximum clear height of the tunnels, with the least amount of punching work. Since the construction of the bezelless upper has a smaller construction height than the construction of the gravel bed upper, a certain height gain can be achieved in this way.

Railway and other track designers are striving for a superstructure design that allows operation at ever higher driving speeds and with sufficient safety, while reducing the amount of maintenance required.

A common feature of the previously known slack-free uppers is that a base plate is formed on a leveled ground, for example having a trough-like shape. The base plates are then placed on this base plate, on which they are supported, generally by means of resilient pads, for example of rubber or similar materials, rails which are fastened to the base plates by means of detachable joints. Since the upper part has to spring under load, for example when passing a train, there is usually an intermediate layer between, for example, asphalt mortar or similar material between the base plate and the support plates. However, the support plates must be additionally position-stabilized so that they do not travel on the upper. In order to achieve further positional stabilization of the carrier plates in addition to their self-weight fixation, other structural solutions are used. For example, DE-A1 19 22 055 describes the provision of support plates on their undersides with a corrugated profile of the bottom surface which is in engagement with the corresponding corrugated profile of the subsoil. However, such a position fixation must be carried out with extreme precision, with the result that the additional positioning is carried out only with great difficulty.

It is known from US-A1 3 382 815 to design a seamless upper in which the concrete base plate is provided on its upper surface either sideways or in the middle with projections which fit into corresponding recesses in the support plates. These projections may be square or circular in cross-section and injection holes are formed in the carrier plates 10 through which the asphalt mixture may be inserted between the carrier plates and the base plate. However, the transmission of forces from the horizontal load component can only take place between the support plates and the protrusions along one surface, the height dimension of which cannot be greater than the height of the support plate. If additional adjustment of the position of the carrier plates is carried out, the surfaces used to support the projections are even smaller.

EU-A1 170 631 discloses another design of a sliding-free bed in which the support plates are provided on their undersides with protruding half-cylindrical protrusions which extend into corresponding recesses in the base plate. In this embodiment, however, lateral guiding forces cannot be transferred to the carrier plates to a sufficient extent.

It is known from AT-B 390 976 to be a seam-free upper which comprises support plates with recesses in which protruding protrusions from the base plate are inserted. The support plates are connected to each other by means of 30 cylindrical fasteners, the support plates being supported in the longitudinal direction of the upper only on their faces, so that the rail can be moved slightly to the side, especially in curves.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a non-slip superstructure structure in which the position of the rail could very easily be secured and having support plates with as large a surface as possible to secure each other without the support plates having 40 thicknesses. in this design, there should be the possibility of easily checking the height adjustment of the support plates and the precise lateral positioning.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

This object is achieved by a rail-free rail-laying superstructure according to the invention, comprising a baseplate in particular of trough shape, made in particular of 50 monolithic concrete cast at a location on which support plates of concrete reinforced or supported by at least steel reinforcement are supported. two releasably fastened rails and which are supported on an interlayer of 55 ductile and / or resilient material, the support plates having a greater length, in particular in the longitudinal direction of the rail track, than in the transverse direction, in the areas between their two opposite ends are provided with recesses the undersides formed at the bottom of the concrete underlayer, and the slit spaces between the protrusions and recesses are at least partially filled with a ductile and / or elastically deformable material, between two adjacent interface faces The contact surfaces are formed with the support plate surfaces 65. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The carrier plates are provided at their ends facing each other and on their sides opposite the upper surfaces carrying the rails, protrusions which are reinforced in particular by steel reinforcing elements and which extend into corresponding recesses in the base plate, wherein the spaces between the protrusions and the recesses are at least partially filled with a ductile and / or elastically deformable material.

By providing the superstructure according to the invention with a monolithic, in particular in situ concrete concrete slab, a particularly precise substructure is provided, whereby the support plates are supported by a ductile and / or flexible interlayer to provide a flexible support effect on the superstructure. (By releasably attaching the rails to the support plates, it is both very easy to mount and additionally adjustable in position. By providing support plates with a longer length in the longitudinal direction than in the transverse direction, better track positioning in the longitudinal direction of the upper can be achieved wherein the recesses between the ends of the support plates serve for positioning and, at the same time, in the case of carrying out an additional height adjustment of the support plates to additionally adjust the height position by extending or lowering the projections of the base plate. positioning horizontally with compensation for longitudinal tolerances and displacements that occur, for example, during temperature changes. ch plates, which engage in corresponding recesses in the base plate can achieve the desired level of interaction between the bearing plates, while filling the space between the protrusions and recesses flexible or elastically deformable material is achieved very favorable power transmission without power peaks and extremes.

If the filler layers between the bearing slab protrusions and the underlying concrete and / or the concrete foundation slab, placed between the recesses and the protrusions, are easily deformable as an interlayer material which is sandwiched between the bearing concrete and the bearing slabs, the positioning of the bearing slabs is achieved that additional stresses are applied thereto, thereby maintaining the bending stresses of the plates at particularly advantageous values.

If the projections of the support plates have a rectangular support surface in a cross-sectional plane parallel to the rail axes, the corners of which are closer to the center of the support plates have rounded corners, the positioning of the support plates in the longitudinal direction can be accurately positioned and adjusted as accurately as possible positions of the carrier plates in the longitudinal direction, while at the same time minor corrections can be made and the danger of chipping in the corner regions of the projections is eliminated, so that the plates' service life is significantly extended. By orienting the lateral surfaces of the protrusions in the longitudinal direction or transversely to the longitudinal axis of the upper, the recesses can be precisely adapted to absorb the displacement forces acting in the longitudinal or transverse direction.

If, in a straight section of the upper, the spaces between the projections of the underlying concrete layer and / or support plates and the recesses in the support plates and / or foundation plates that are perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the upper are filled at least partially by more difficult deformable material than the spaces running in the longitudinal direction At the same time, the positioning in the transverse direction is achieved, albeit to a lesser extent. The opposite effect is obtained in curved sections of the track if the spaces between the projections and the recesses that are perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the upper are filled with at least partially easier deformable material than the spaces running in the longitudinal direction of the upper.

If the more easily deformable material is overloaded through corner areas, ensure that no undesirable forces are transmitted by the projections and the material stored in the areas given, since these forces occur only in areas with easily deformable material or areas with more difficult deformable material their movements affected by areas with more easily deformable material.

In particular, if a ductile and / or elastic layer is placed between the support plates on their adjacent faces, connected to at least one face of the support plates, in particular a good assurance of the relative position of the two adjacent support plates and also an effective transmission of the forces caused by e.g.

If the projections of the support plates are provided with a precoating on the concrete substrate on their surfaces facing the concrete substrate, a particularly simple mounting of the support plates is provided.

If the support plates are provided in addition to the recesses, in particular with cylindrical holes for the injection of hardening material, both the first mounting and subsequent adjustments of the position of the support plates ensure that the support plates are fully supported on the substrate, which can be realized very easily.

If the support plates are provided with further recesses which are formed in the areas of the protrusions of the support plates, in particular they pass through these protrusions, the filling of the bottom space around the protrusions is ensured by particularly simple and reliable technical means.

If at least three holes are formed in the support plates, in particular four holes in the corner areas, in which, for example, variable length supports are placed in the mounting to support the support plates at a distance above the concrete subfloor, the height position of the support plates can be easily adjusted so that the superstructure can cope with as much precision as is necessary for the operation of very fast trains, while high accuracy can be achieved even with moderately trained staff.

If the elastic layer with which the projections are provided on their surfaces oriented parallel to the substrate has a thickness of two to five times the thickness of the interlayer, the position of the projections in the recesses is secured without simultaneously supporting these projections, so that the introduction of bending moments into the bearing boards.

If the carrier plates are provided with projections in the middle of their width, which are flush with the front faces of the carrier plates, such plates can be easily manufactured, and thanks to their rectangular design, which can be retained for the carrier plates in all cases, folding of carrier plates, during transport and storage.

If the adjacent projections of two adjacent carrier plates are inserted into one common recess of the base plate, they can rest against each other in a particularly simple manner.

According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the projections of the carrier plates have in the longitudinal direction of the upper 5 to equal to twice their thickness, so that they are formed substantially in the shape of a prism with the same length of lateral sides capable of transmitting tsk in the longitudinal direction as well as transversally. in the same direction, with no risk of damage. 10

The projections of the carrier plates may have a larger dimension in the transverse direction, so that the carrier plates may have a relatively low net weight, but high strength and high stability of the set position in the longitudinal direction of the upper.

If the joint between the faces of the adjoining support plates is free and does not contain concrete, in particular concrete of the concrete underlay, a particularly good bond is obtained between the projections of the support plates and the base plate so that the forces acting on the support plates can be transmitted by the base plate. for dry seat plates.

If, according to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the projections of the carrier plates on their adjacent surfaces are provided with at least one, in particular at least two resiliently deformable layers, the action of the extreme forces is particularly favorably absorbed, with the carrier plates returning elastically to their initial position.

In a further preferred embodiment of the upper according to the invention, a concrete grout or a concrete mortar, for example concrete of the concrete underlay, is placed in place between the projections, so that a lockable force transfer between the projections and the recesses is possible even under heavy loads.

If the joint between adjacent support plates above the concrete grout or concrete subfloor is filled with at least partially elastic pulp and is sealed to the surrounding atmosphere, especially in place, for example from plastic-modified resin, the necessary elasticity is ensured. construction, and on the other hand a perfect sealing of the joint joints is achieved while maintaining the advantage of easy construction of these sealed expansion joints on the construction site.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a top plan view of FIG. 2, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG. Fig. 3 another cross-section of an exemplary embodiment of a bezel-free upper; Fig. 4 a bottom view of a carrier plate; 5 is a plan view of the contact areas 55 of the carrier plates, and FIG. 6 is a vertical sectional view of the contact area of two carrier plates.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The slider-free upper is formed by a series of support plates 1 which, as is apparent from FIG. 1, have a greater length in the longitudinal direction and the upper than in the transverse direction. The support plates 1 are in this case supported on an intermediate layer 2 of flexible polyurethane foam with a thickness of 2.5 mm, which in turn is supported on a concrete base layer 3. The continuous base plate 8 is formed of a monolithic, in particular continuously formed concrete body, The support plates 1 are made of reinforced concrete, i.e. reinforced with steel reinforcement 6. The support plates 1 are provided with releasably fastened rails 4, which are supported by means of flexible washers (not shown) on the support plates 1. The support plates 1 are provided with vertical openings 5 which serve to precisely position the support plates 1, for example by means of removable and height adjustable screws. The support plates 1 are also provided on their central parts with injection holes 7, which, after installation and height alignment of the support plates 1, insert concrete mixture under their bearing surface in order to achieve a perfect fit of the support plates 1 to the base plate 8. In order to limit the propagation of noise when passing over rail vehicles, the carrier plates 1 and the non-running surfaces of the rails 4 can be provided with a damping coating 16. The carrier plates 1 are also provided with two rectangular plates. These rectangular recesses 9 engage correspondingly shaped protrusions from below

10th

The slot space 11 between the protrusions 10 and the rectangular recesses 9 is filled in a straight section of the track such that the material of the filling layer of the slot space 11 extending in the longitudinal direction and the upper is more easily deformable, for example has a lower hardness the filling layer in the slit space 11 extending perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and the upper.

In the curved sections of the track, the choice of filler layer material in the slot spaces 11 is opposite to the previous case. In this way, a particularly precise positioning of the individual elements in the longitudinal direction and the upper is achieved on straight sections of the track, while in curves an optimum absorption of forces trying to move the rail to the side is achieved.

From the cross-section of the upper shown in FIG. 2, it is particularly evident how the protrusion 10 extends into the rectangular recess 9, and in this example it is also clearly indicated that the slit space 11 between the support plate 1 and the protrusion 10 is filled with a material other than the material between the layers 2.

Reinforcing steel bars 14 protrude from the base plate 8 and extend into the interior of the rectangular recesses 9 in the carrier plates 1, so that reinforced projections 10 are also formed from the concrete mixture from which the concrete base layer 3 is formed, and tensile forces.

As can be seen from the examples of FIG. 3 and 4, the support plates 1 are provided at both ends with cross-sectional rectangular protrusions 12 which extend into correspondingly shaped recesses 13 in the base plate 8. The rectangular protrusions 12, which may be provided with steel reinforcing elements 23, have at least two rounded corners and as shown in FIG. 4, are provided with an elastic soft material layer 15a at their periphery that fills the gap between the rectangular projection 12 and the recess 13 and which also extends around the rounded corners, while the resilient but more difficult to deform material layer 15b is located only on the face of the rectangular projections 12. Under the rectangular projections 12 is a layer 12a of deformable material which is more easily deformable than the material of the interlayer 2 and its thickness is equal to

2786 approximately three times the thickness of the interlayer 2, this thickness difference not shown in the drawing. By soft and easily deformable material is meant in particular resilient rubber materials which, under the same static and / or dynamic load, have a greater elastic compression than harder or more difficult to deform materials.

The front side of the carrier plates 1 shown in FIG. 3, it can also be provided with a damping layer, for example of soft rubber or the like, having a thickness of 8.0 mm, so that further force transmission can also take place between the faces of the support plates 1 and their rectangular projections 12.

In FIG. 5 and 6 show the front faces 17 of two adjacent support plates 1, between which a joint joint 18 is left which is not yet filled with concrete grout or concrete substrate 3 but in which the front surfaces 17 of two adjacent support plates 1 can be provided with at least interlayer. The rectangular protrusions 12 are provided on their surfaces 19 facing each other with a soft elastic layer 20 which is softer than the material of the interlayer 2 and which may optionally be formed of several sub-layers. The joint gap 18 between the support plates 1 is not completely filled, so that a view of the concrete backing layer 3 and the soft elastic layer 20 is possible.

In the vertical section shown in FIG. 6, the interface 18 between the two support plates 1 is already completely closed, in which interface 18 there are both soft elastic layers 20 on the faces of the mutually facing rectangular projections 12 and the remaining space between the two facing each other soft elastically deformable layers 20 filled with concrete underlay material 3, which is pushed into the space under the carrier plates 1 through the grouting holes 7 in the carrier plates 1, and when pressed under pressure, the concrete mixture is forced into the space of the contact slots. In addition, the injection holes may be formed in the rectangular protrusions 12 or in the areas of the rectangular protrusions 12. In the interface, there is above the extruded material of the concrete base layer 3, the upper level of which does not exceed the height of the rectangular protrusions. a support of rubber crush 22 is placed on the support plates 1, which is closed on its upper side against environmental influences in place by a cast seal 21 made of plastic modified with resin. The space between the seal 21a and the concrete backing layer 3 is filled with rubber crush 22 before the seal 21 is applied to the joints 18, so that the sealant 18 will not leak too deeply into the joints during the seal 21.

Claims (20)

PATENT CLAIMS 1. A railless track bedding comprising a baseplate, in particular of trough shape, made in particular of monolithic concrete cast in place on which the concrete support plates are reinforced, possibly reinforced with steel reinforcement, supported by at least two releasably fastened supports. The rails and which are supported on an intermediate layer of ductile and / or resilient material, the support plates having a greater length, in particular in the longitudinal direction of the track, than in the transverse direction, are provided with recesses in the areas between their two mutually opposite ends. at the top of the concrete backing layer, and the slit spaces between the protrusions and recesses are at least partially filled with a ductile and / or resiliently deformable material, wherein between two adjacent supporting faces of the support plates there is formed joint interface, characterized in that the support plates (1) are provided on their ends facing each other and on their sides opposite the upper surfaces carrying the rails (4), with protrusions (12) which are in particular reinforced with steel reinforcing elements and which extend into corresponding recesses (13) in the base plate (8), wherein the spaces between the projections (12) and the recesses (13) are at least partially filled with a ductile and / or resiliently deformable material. Slip-free upper according to claim 1, characterized in that between the projections (12) of the support plates (1) and the concrete underlay (3) and / or the base plate (8) in the recesses (13) of the base plate (8) a layer (12a) of a more easily deformable material than the intermediate layer (2) between the concrete backing layer (3) and the support plates (1) is deposited. Slip-free upper according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the projections (12) of the support plates (1) have their bearing surfaces that are parallel to the rails (4), rectangular and in particular their corners closer to the rails. The center of the support plates (1) are rounded. Slip-free upper according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that in the straight section of the upper there is a slot (11) between the protrusions (10, 12) of the concrete undercoat layer (3) and / or support plates (1) and recesses. (9, 13) of the support plates (1) and / or the base plate (8) in their sections perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (a) of the upper filled with at least partially harder deformable material than the sections of the slot spaces (11) running in the longitudinal direction (a) upper. Gapless upper according to at least one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that in the arc sections of the upper there is a slot (11) between the projections (10, 12) of the concrete substrate (3) and / or the support plates (1) and by recesses (9) of the support plates (1) and / or the base plate (8) in their sections perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (a) of the upper, filled with at least partially easier deformable material than the sections of the slot spaces (11) running in the longitudinal direction (a) of the upper . Gapless upper according to at least one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the more easily deformable material is stretched around the corners of the protrusions (10, 12). Slip-free upper according to at least one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that a ductile and / or elastic layer is arranged between the carrier plates (1) on their facing faces (17) and connected to at least one face (17). ). Slip-free upper according to at least one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the projections (12) of the support plates (1) are coated on their surfaces facing the concrete base layer (3) prior to mounting on the concrete base layer (3). A slip-free upper according to at least one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: In addition to the recesses (9), the support plates (1) are provided, in particular, with cylindrical holes (7) for injecting hardening material. A slip-resistant upper according to claim 9, characterized in that the support plates (1) are provided with further recesses which are formed in the regions of the protrusions (12) of the support plates (1) and in particular pass through these protrusions (12). Slip-free upper according to at least one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that at least three openings (5) are formed in the 10 support plates (1) in the corner regions, in particular four openings (5) in which they are mounted during mounting for example, variable length supports for supporting the support plates (1) at a distance above the concrete underlay (3). 15 A slip-free upper according to at least one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the elastic layer (12a), by which the projections (12) are provided on their surfaces oriented parallel to the ground, has a thickness of two to fifteen. interlayer thickness (2). Slip-free upper according to at least one of Claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the support plates (1) are provided at their mutually adjacent ends, in the middle of their width, with protrusions (12) aligned with the 25 front faces (17) of the support plates. boards (1). 14. The slip-free upper according to at least one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that. The adjacent protrusions (12) of two adjacent support plates (1) are inserted into one common recess (13) of the base plate (8). The slip-free upper according to at least one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the projections (12) of the support plates (1) have a length equal to twice their 35 thickness in the longitudinal direction (a) of the upper. A slip-free upper according to at least one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the recesses (12) in the carrier plates (1) have a larger dimension in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (a) of the upper than in the longitudinal direction. Gapless upper according to at least one of Claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the joint gap (18) between the end faces (17) of adjacent supporting plates (1) is free and does not contain 45 concrete, in particular concrete of the concrete underlay (3). ). A slip-resistant upper according to claim 17, characterized in that the projections (12) of the support plates (1) are provided on their adjacent surfaces with at least one, in particular at least two, elastically deformable layers (20). Gapless upper according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that a concrete grout or a concrete mortar, for example concrete of the concrete base layer (3), is placed in place between the projections (12). Gapless upper according to at least one of Claims 17 to 19, characterized in that the joint gap (18) between adjacent support plates (1) is filled at least partially with elastic grit (22) above the concrete grout or the concrete of the concrete substrate 60 (3). ) and sealed to the ambient atmosphere by a gasket (21) formed in particular, for example, from a resin modified with plastics.