SK238890A3 - Coated filament yarn and manufacturing process thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

Yarn made from core-skin threads and possibly other single-component threads, in which the core and the skin of the core-skin threads are manufactured by extruding spinnable polymers, and at least approximately all core-skin threads have a complete skin, characterized in that the fraction of core-skin threads, A in %, of all core-skin threads in the yarn in which the fraction of skin in each core-skin thread is equal to (M +/- 0.1 M) % of the total volume of the corresponding core-skin thread, simultaneously satisfies the following conditions: A </= 100; M >/= 0.5; A >/= 30 + (0.1 M)<8>. In a process for manufacturing this yarn, the core component is fed through a first spinning nozzle plate to a second spinning nozzle plate in several individual streams. The skin component is fed between the first and second spinning nozzles plates to each individual core-component stream, around which it flows. Both components are spun together, drawn and wound off. The skin component is subjected to a flow resistance at least around the region of the individual streams of the core component. A knitted wire mesh is a particularly suitable flow resistance.

Description

ECitrive Coating,

Technique

The invention relates to yarns of fibers, the core and the coating of which are formed by spinning and a process for their production.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Yarn of fiber-coated fibers is known. For example, in European patent no. It is described that special spinning devices are necessary in order to prevent the formation of so-called homogeneous fibers even in the case of a small proportion of packaging material. Although it is possible to prevent the formation of homogeneous fibers by means of known devices, it is not possible to prevent fibers which contain a very fluctuating proportion of packaging material from being present in the yarn obtained, so that there are also sections completely free of packaging material and moreover even during the same thread.

Experiments have shown that using a spinning device according to European patent specification no. 11,954, using a ratio of core material and sheath material in an 85:15 volume ratio (as described in the example), contains at most 15%, but typically less fiber in the yarn, even if the fibers in the obtained yarn are taken into account greater%.

packaging material 15%, pressing ± 10%. Remaining (up to 30% by volume) or lower (up to below volume) packaging material.

The known procedure also does not allow obtaining individual their larger number. The formation is quite random and it is also not possible which on the cross-section of the yarn appears to remain without this material also in and without the mogenic fibers in the yarn or the mogenic fibers is to assure that the fiber, the wrapping material, re the yarn. More often, the homogeneous fiber changes in the direction of the yarn to the fiber containing the wrapping material and vice versa.

The large variation in the proportion of packaging material causes each of the fibers in the yarn to have different properties. This means that the fibers during the yarn have large fluctuating properties, which is undesirable.

In principle, the coated yarns should have the desired properties of the core material, i.e. strength, shrinkage, ductility, birefringence and the like, and the wrapping material should improve the other properties of the yarn, such as adhesion to other materials, chemical or mechanical stability. and so on. In carrying out the known processes, it is necessary to use an average of at least 20% by volume of the wrapping material to maintain the above-mentioned variation in the thickness of the wrapper within acceptable limits and to maintain uniformity of the desired material properties relative to the overall fiber cross-section.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a new, higher-quality yarn of coated fibers with a possible content of homogeneous fibers by spinning the spinnable polymers to ensure a uniform coating of all the coated fibers. The yarns should allow better use of the properties of the core material without compromising the properties of the wrapping material.

It is also an object of the present invention to provide a process for the production of these yarns whilst at the same time providing better yarn uniformity with a pre-selectable proportion of homogeneous fibers and coated fibers (bicomponent fibers). The proportion of coating material in the coated fibers should give the desired result even at a proportion of less than 20%.

This problem is solved by the invention in such a way that, for all fibers coated with a yarn, the proportion of these fibers A in% with a proportion of packaging material (M ± 0.1 M) in the total volume of these fibers is such that it satisfies the following conditions:

A 100

M 0.5

A to 30 + (0.1 M) ⁸ .

The term M ± 0.1 M means that for the determination of A all fiber-coated fibers containing M% by volume of the wrapping material, based on the total volume of the fiber to be coated, are taken into account. with a variation of ± 10% in the determination of the proportion M of the packaging material. Since the above conditions must be met simultaneously, it is clear that M can only have values at which A is at most 100%.

In particular, the yarns according to the invention in which the yarns according to the invention have excellent properties

A with 40 + 7 (0.1 M) ⁸ , preferably

A s: 50 + 100 (0.1M) ⁸ .

Depending on the application, yarns in which at least 60% of the coated fibers comprise a proportion of the wrapping material are preferred

M ± 0,1 M% by volume, where M 9% by volume or yarn in which at least 70% of the fibers contain a coating material containing a proportion of that material

M ± 0,1 M, where 1% vol M 7% vol or yarn in which at least 75% of the fibers covered by the packaging material contain a proportion of that material

M ± 0.1 M, wherein 3% by weight with M = 66% by weight.

It is surprising that yarns of this type have substantially improved specific properties. For example, the specific strength (cN / dtex) of these new yarns is substantially higher than the known coated yarns and also higher than the homogeneous fibers made of the core material.

The fibers forming the yarn according to the invention can have virtually any cross-section. For example, a tire cord is a circular cross-sectional fiber, while a trilobal cross-sectional fiber is particularly suitable for underlining the light effect F of a carpet yarn.

Certain yarn properties, such as adherence, are especially expressed in trilobal cross section.

Among the polymer combinations, the following polymers have proven to be particularly suitable for forming the coating:

j adro cover

polyethylene terephthalate (PET) Polyamide 66 (PA 66) Polyetyléntereftalár (PET) Mixture of polyamide 66 (PA 66) and poly (m-xylylene adipamide) Polyamide 46 (PA 46) Polyamide 66 (PA 66) polyethylene terephthalate (PET) Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) with high viscosity low viscosity polyethylene terephthalate (PET) Polyethylene terephthalate mixture (PET) and polyvinylenedifluoride (PVDF) Polyethylene Naphthalate (PEN) Polyamide 66 (PA 66) Polyethylene Naphthalate (PEN) Polyamide 46 (PA 46)

Further advantageous combinations of core material and sheath are given below: the core container polyethylene terephthalate (PET) Polyethersulfone (PES) Polyamide 66 (PA 66) p Polyamide 66 (PA 66) p higher viscosity lower viscosity Polyamide 6 (PA 6) p Polyamide 6 (PA 6) p higher viscosity lower viscosity polyethylene terephthalate (PET) Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) polyethylene terephthalate (PET) polyimide

j adro cover

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) Polyethylene terephthalate (PET)

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET)

Polyamide 6 (PA 6)

Polyamide 6 (PA 6)

Polyphenylene sulphide (PPS)

Polypropylene (PP)

Mixture of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)

Mixture of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and poly (m-xylylene adipamide)

Polypropylene (PP)

Polyvinylenedifluoride (PVDF)

The yarns of the invention can be used in various fields of technology.

The sewing threads of suitable core polymers (PET, PA 66, PA 6) can be gpa-coated with high temperature stable polymers and are therefore suitable for use at high sewing speeds. In the case of cords and nets, it is possible to use a material with a high chemical stability, resistance to ultraviolet light or to a higher temperature to form the yarn package.

In the case of yarns used to reinforce elastomeric products, for example, in the case of a tire cord used to reinforce tires, drive belts or conveyors, a better adhesion between the core and the elastomer can be achieved by selecting the packaging material. This also applies in the case of plastics reinforced with fibrous materials.

In the case of carpet yarns, the choice of packaging material can improve fiber dyeing even if the core material is a good conductive material to reduce antistatic properties, the color of which is often dark and difficult to overlap by other colors. By choosing various strongly shrinkable materials, it is also possible to ensure a strong shrinkage of the fibers by heat treatment in the manufacture of carpets of such yarns. Profiled fibers improve light scattering. By selecting special materials to form the inner and outer layers of the fibers, it is possible to obtain yarns that are low in flammability, low in soiling and the like, thereby further improving the properties of the carpets and textiles produced in these yarns. In the same way, it is also possible to prevent slight molding or rotting of these materials.

By using a hydrophobic coating material, it is also possible to substantially reduce the water uptake of fibers. This property is particularly desirable in the use of the yarns of the invention in the textile industry. It is also possible to spin the coating material already with the addition of a colored pigment, thereby obtaining an already dyed fiber.

By using the yarns according to the invention for the production of nonwovens, it is possible by suitable selection of the polymer to improve the chemical stability of, for example, m ' It is also possible to achieve ion exchange or flame retardant properties.

The invention also relates to a process for the production of the aforementioned type of yarn, in which the core material is fed in a known manner (according to EP 11 954) through a first spinneret plate in a plurality of individual streams to a second spinneret plate. In each case, each material stream of the core material is fed to the casing layer, the two components being spun together, elongated and wound, wherein at least in the region of the individual streams of core material the casing material fed is exposed to flow resistance.

The process according to the invention can be carried out as a single stage (without winding between stages) or as a multi-stage (with winding between stages).

In particular, a mesh with a mesh containing a separate aperture for each individual material flow may be used as the flow resistance element of the packaging material. In a preferred embodiment, the meshed mesh fills the entire interspace between the first and second spinneret plates, except for the openings for the individual spokes of the material. Other resistive elements, such as porous plates, may also be used. By using a mesh with the mesh, however, it is possible to maintain the same distance between the two plates even with the large dimensions of the spinneret plates, since the mesh also acts as a spacer plate.

Thus, it is possible in a simple manner to obtain fibers with a core and a wrapping material, where each fiber has a different proportion of the wrapping material. For this purpose, different resistors are selected for the individual streams of packaging material. If such a high resistance is chosen that the flow of the wrapping material around some of the core material flow is completely interrupted, a homogeneous fiber can be obtained in a simple manner.

Mesh nets preferably combine nets which are commonly marketed under the designation R.V.S. X mesh, the X value being in the range of 30-500. means that the net is made of stainless steel, X mesh means that the net contains x wires per 2.54 cm in both directions of the net, the wires intertwined together and having a diameter in the range of 0.5 to 0.025 mm.

The flow resistance can also be determined by the permeability of the element that is used as the resistance. Permeability is defined by the relation t v

K = - ------------- where p is the viscosity of the material used in Pa.s,

At the rate of the material passing resistance component in m / s, • the ^ p / No) x is the pressure gradient in N / m ³ · downstream.

In this way, the permeability value in m is obtained.

The permeability K of the resistive element used is preferably between 10 and 3.10 m.

It is surprising that the process according to the invention can be used in spinning molten material as well as in spinning / solution spinning, and it is possible to combine rib processes. It is possible, for example, to melt or melt both components, but it is also possible to obtain a core component, for example by melt-melt spinning and a solution-spinning mantle. Solution spinning means that the solution consists of a polymer dissolved in a solvent, while the latter uses a molten polymer.

If only one aperture is provided in the first and second spinneret plates at a time, it is possible to obtain a single bicomponent fiber by the method according to the invention, the casing having a very uniform thickness over the entire periphery of the fiber and its entire length.

Description of the drawings

In FIG. 1 is a graphical representation of the result of the method of the invention compared to the result which can be achieved using known methods.

In FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of how the yarn production method of the invention can be practiced practically.

Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of the structure of a spinner previously used.

Fig. 4 is not the method of a

On it

On the

In FIG. the nozzles of FIG.

In FIG. type of yarn.

In FIG. 8 is a yarn according to a schematic illustration of a nozzle for carrying out the invention.

the structure is shown in more detail

4th

is a partial cross-sectional view of a known partial cross-section of the novel invention.

The invention will be further explained by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

FIG. 1, it is clear which region of the yarn is obtained by the process of the invention. In FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the percent by volume of the wrapping material on the x-axis and the percent A for the bicomponent fibers of the M ± 0.1 M coating on the y-axis. It is clear that the known state allows the distribution given by the shaded portion desktop diagram. It is thus possible to produce yarns from fibers with a coating material content of 25% or more, while the yarn according to the invention allows the use of less than 10% of the packaging material, even only 5% of this material. It is therefore clear that yarns with a much more uniform distribution of the proportion of packaging material can be obtained in a new way. Curve A corresponds to the conditions set forth in the main claim of the invention, curve B corresponds to the preferred embodiment according to claim 2 and curve C to the preferred embodiment according to claim 3 of the claims.

In FIG. 2 schematically shows an embodiment of the method according to the invention. A device 1 is shown for feeding material to the spinnerets 2, which are connected to the device 1 by means of a flange, this section will be described in more detail in FIG. 3, 4, 5 and 6. Device X comprises conventional feeds for molten or dissolved material, not shown. After spinning the bicomponent fibers or the homogeneous fibers 8, the fibers pass through a cooling chamber 7 into which cooling air 8 is guided. Through the roller 5, the fibers are joined and fed to the extension unit 3, 4 and finally the elongated fibers are wound up as a finished yarn on a reel

6th

In FIG. 3 shows a spinning nozzle section according to the prior art. The first plate 10 and the second plate 11 are shown, the core stream being passed through the spinnerets 12 through the first plate 10 to the second plate 11 and into the cup 13. The flow of packaging material flows through the space between the first plate 10 and the second plate 11. of the core which emerges from the spinneret .12. In this way, a sheath component is fed to each individual core material stream and then both components flow together through the cup 13 into the orifice 14 where they are extruded. In the region of FIG. 4 schematically shows the structure of a spinner for use in carrying out the method according to the first plate 20 and the second plate 21 of the spinner. The core material is fed through the aperture 26 into the cathode which extends into the second plate 21 as a channel through which the wrap material flows around the core material, elevations 15 are formed on the second plate 11.

On the finding finding.

22

The wrapping component is evenly distributed between the first plate 20 and the second plate 21 by the annular channels 28, wherein the intermediate space between the first plate 20 and the second plate 21 is filled with a metal wire mesh 27 so that the channels 22 and 23 are free. Thus, the sheath component is fed to the core component through the annular channel 28 through the mesh 27. The mesh 27 thus creates a flow resistance of the sheath material. The two components are then fed together into the nozzle 24.

In FIG. 5 and 6 illustrate one embodiment of a spinnerette for carrying out the method of the invention, wherein FIG. 5 shows a longitudinal section and FIG. 6 cross section. Channel 32 feeds the core component to the first plate 20, while channel 33 feeds the packaging component (the continuation is shown in broken line because channel 33 then extends out of the plane) and then continuation 34 through the first plate 20 into the annular channels between the first plate 20 and the second. A mesh 27 is placed between the first plate 20 and the second plate 21, which also maintains a constant distance between the first plate 20 and the second plate 21. The centering pins 31 of the gasket 30 and the liners 35 which prevent leakage of the packaging component are also shown. between the plate 29 already pass through the channels and the first plate 20.

In FIG. 7 shows a partial cross-section of a yarn of known type, the wrapper 37 appears to vary in its thickness, as is the case with the core 36. The same changes can also be observed in the length of the individual fibers.

In FIG. 8 shows a partial straight section through the yarn according to the invention. The uniformity of distribution of the cores 38 and shells 39 is evident.

Examples 1 to 9

Examples 1 to 9 show the variation width in which the yarn according to the invention can be produced.

In Examples 1 to 3, polyester having a viscosity typical of textile yarns (1 g of polymer in 100 g m-cresol, measured at 25 ° C) was selected as core material, and in Examples 4 to 6 a low viscosity polyester was selected. industrial yarns and, in Examples 7 to 9, a high viscosity polyester, for example usable cord tire or sewing yarn. In all cases the packaging material used was polyamide 66 (PA 66).

In each example, the feed rate of the core and the sheath was varied. R.V.S. mesh was used as a resistance element. 60 mesh, which will be described in more detail in Examples 10-15. The spinneret of FIG. 4 to 6.

The bicomponent fibers were produced in the manner shown in FIG. 2. The processing conditions are given in Table 1 below. Table 1 below shows how many percent A of the bicomponent fibers contained M volume percent of the wrapping material, based on the total fiber volume. Percentage A is the mean of 10 cross-sectional measurements at different points in the yarn.

- 12 Table

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The value A expresses the uniformity with which the yarn according to the invention can be produced, while at the same time the yarn can be produced with a very uniform ratio of the individual bicomponent fibers. This diameter D is usually in the range D ± 0.1 D.

Examples 10 to 15

Various tire cords were manufactured and their properties determined by the method of Examples 10-15.

In this case, a polyester with a relative viscosity of 2.04 was chosen as the core polymer. Polyamide 66 (PA66) was used as packaging material in Examples 10 and 11, and a mixture of polyamide 66 and 0.3% by weight of poly (m-xylylene adipamide), which is indicated as an additive in the following table, was used in Examples 12-15. Said mixture adheres very well to the polyester and also to the elastomeric materials, in particular rubber.

Each combination of core and wrapping material was wound without stretching in one case at a speed of 900 m / min and in the other case at 500 m / min, otherwise the method of FIG. 2. A mesh with the designation R.V.S. was used as a resistance element. 60 mesh. This mesh was made of stainless steel wires. In both the longitudinal and transverse directions, the mesh always contained 60 wires per 2.54 cm in length. The mesh, commercially available, was made of 0.16 mm diameter steel wires.

The spinneret of FIG. 4 to 6.

In Examples 14 and 15, a 0.4 m long heating tube was used directly below the nozzle to achieve slow cooling of the material. Otherwise, the processing conditions are given in Table 2 below.

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The yarns obtained were finally drawn on a drawing machine. In this experiment, the yarn was fed from the take-up reel to the first spindle and then through a septum to the second spindle and then through a 10 m steaming path in which the yarn was steam treated at 250 ° C to the third spindle, then wound at the speed in debt. The septet was maintained at 75 ° C.

The elongation ratios for the yarns of Examples 10-15 and the respective speeds are shown in Table 3. The elongation ratio in the septum means the ratio in which the yarn is elongated when passing through the septet. The overall elongation ratio is apparent from the speed difference between the first and third triads.

Table 3

example 10 11 12 13 14 15 elongation ratio in September 2.48 3.30 2.51 3.10 3.21 3.70 overall ratio stretching 3.80 5.45 3.80 5.10 5.15 6.50 speed at length (m / min) 138 185 138 144 185 184 features yarn, produced said way they are- indicated in Table 4 below paragraph yarn. Hodno- ta LASE 1% (N) means strength yarn in n at the pre-

the new elongation of 1% (load at specific elongation. The same applies to the above LASE 2% and LASE 5% values.

A HAS of 4 '/ 160 ° C (hot air precipitation for 4 minutes at 160 ° C) indicates the hot air coagulation of the yarn when the yarn is exposed to 160 ° C for 4 minutes with a load of 5 mN / tex.

The yarns obtained were processed into a 1100 (Z 472) x 2 (S 472) tire cord. The cord properties of this construction are also summarized in the following table 4 under the designation cord.

The cord thus obtained was conventionally provided with an adhesive layer. For this purpose, the cord was led for 120 seconds with a 150 ° C furnace under a 5 N bath and then for 45 seconds with a 240 ° C furnace under a 5 N bath. The bath contained the following components:

demineralized water, sodium hydroxide, resorcinol, formaldehyde,

VP-latex, ammonia.

The properties of the cord prepared in this way are also included in Table 4 below in the dipped cord paragraph.

The A and M values were identical for the yarn as well as for the dipped cord. For this reason, the values in Table 4 below were given only in the yarn paragraph.

Claims (17)

A yarn of fibers, wherein the core and the coating are polymers and at least nearly all bicomponent fibers are provided with a complete coating, characterized in that in all the fibers. in the coating yarn, the percentage by weight of these fibers A, in the proportion of packaging material (M ± 0,1 M) in the total volume of these fibers, is such that it satisfies the following conditions: A 100 M 0.5 A & 30 + (0.1M) ⁸ . Second yarn according to claim 1, v y z n and no u j u c a sa by that Up to 40 + 7 (0.1 M) ⁸ , > Third yarn according to claim 1, V y z n and no u j u c a sa because of A and 50 + 100 (0.1 M) ⁸ . Yarn according to claim 1, characterized in that at least 60% of the fibers, with an epa-tertiary coating, comprise a proportion of wrapping material (M ± 0.1 M), where M with 9% by volume. 5. Yarn according to claim 1, characterized in that at least 70% of the fiber demand, characterized in that it has a coating content (M ± 0.1 M) in the case of coated c and wherein 1% by volume and M 7% by volume. 6. Yarn according to at least 75% of the fiber requirement, 1, characterized by _ap in the aprutronic coating c and containing a proportion of packaging material (M ± 0,1 M), where 3% by volume It may be 6% by volume. - Μ - Yarn according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that in the bicomponent fibers the core is made of polyethylene terephthalate and the polyamide 66 sheath. Yarn according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that in the bicomponent fibers the core is made of polyethylene terephthalate and the sheath is a mixture of polyamide 66 and poly (m-xylene adipamide). Yarn according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, in the case of bicomponent fibers, the core is made of polyamide 66 and the casing is also made of polyamide 66. Yarn according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that in the bicomponent fibers the core is made of high viscosity polyethylene terephthalate and the low viscosity polyethylene terephthalate casing. Yarn according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, in the case of bicomponent fibers, the core is made of polyethylene terephthalate and the sheath of polyethylene terephthalate and polyvinyl chloride and fluoride. A yarn production method according to claims 1 to 11, wherein the material is fed through the first spinner plate in a plurality of individual streams to a second spinneret plate, wherein between each of the first and second plates a material for the casing layer is fed to each individual core material stream. The two components are spun, drawn together and wound together, characterized in that at least in the region of the individual streams of core material, the wrapping material is subjected to flow resistance. Method according to claim 12, characterized in that a mesh is used as the resistance to the packaging material, which comprises a separate opening for each individual stream. - Zo - 14. The method of claim 12 or 13, wherein the UCI in that the selected resistance of the permeability in the range of 10 ^_ H and 3 x 10 ^{10 °.} 15. The method of claim 13, wherein the mesh comprises 30 to 500 wires per 2.54 cm. 16. A method according to any one of claims 12 to 15, characterized in that such a high resistance is selected for the production of homogeneous substances that the flow of the wrapping material to the individual streams of the core material is stopped. Method according to claims 12 to 16, characterized in that the casing and / or core material is melt-spun. Method according to claims 12 to 16, characterized in that the shell and / or core material is spun from solution in a solvent. ¹⁹ Method according to one of Claims 12 to 18 for the production of individual bicomponent fibers, characterized in that the first and second spinneret plates are provided with only one opening at a time.