EP0398221B1 - Yarn from core-skin filaments and process for its preparation - Google Patents

Yarn from core-skin filaments and process for its preparation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0398221B1
EP0398221B1 EP90109044A EP90109044A EP0398221B1 EP 0398221 B1 EP0398221 B1 EP 0398221B1 EP 90109044 A EP90109044 A EP 90109044A EP 90109044 A EP90109044 A EP 90109044A EP 0398221 B1 EP0398221 B1 EP 0398221B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sheath
core
filaments
component
yarn
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EP90109044A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0398221A1 (en
EP0398221B2 (en
Inventor
Franciscus Arnoldus Theresia Lijten
Johannes Jacobus Meerman
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*DIOLEN INDUSTRIAL FIBERS B.V.
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Akzo NV
Akzo Nobel NV
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Priority claimed from DE3915819A external-priority patent/DE3915819A1/en
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/28—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like while mixing different spinning solutions or melts during the spinning operation; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D01D5/30—Conjugate filaments; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D01D5/34—Core-skin structure; Spinnerette packs therefor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a yarn made of core-sheath threads, in which the core and sheath of the core-sheath threads are produced by extrusion, and a method for the production thereof.
  • Core-sheath threads and their manufacturing processes are widely known.
  • EP-A-0 011 954 special spinning devices are required in order to avoid the occurrence of so-called homo threads even with a low proportion of sheath.
  • the yarn obtained contains core-sheath threads which have a strongly fluctuating sheath proportion, even sections without sheath occur, and that in the yarn obtained the fluctuation range of The sheath proportion of the core-sheath threads fluctuates strongly among themselves.
  • the large fluctuation in the sheath proportion means that each thread in the yarn has different properties. This means that the threads in the yarn have strongly fluctuating properties with one another, which is undesirable.
  • yarns made from core-jacket threads should have the desired properties of the core material (strength, shrinkage, elongation, birefringence, etc.), the jacket having other properties of the yarn (adhesion to other materials, dyeability, grip resistance, chemical or mechanical resistance, etc.) improved.
  • the average sheath proportion with 20 vol .-% and more must be selected in order to keep the fluctuation of the sheath proportion within limits and to maintain the properties of the core material with respect to the overall cross-section of the core-sheath thread somewhat uniform.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide new, more suitable yarns made from core-sheath threads, which may contain single-component threads (homo threads), in which the core and sheath of the core-sheath threads are produced by extruding spinnable polymers are, and at least almost all core-sheath threads have a complete sheath.
  • the yarns are intended to ensure a better utilization of the properties of the core-jacket material without a deterioration in the properties of the jacket material.
  • the sheath proportion of the core-sheath threads should also be able to be achieved more uniformly below 20% by volume.
  • M ⁇ 0.1 M means that for the determination of A all core-sheath threads are considered which have M vol.% Sheath based on the total volume of the respective core sheath thread, with a range in the determination of the sheath proportion M. of ⁇ 10% is taken into account. Since the above-mentioned conditions have to be fulfilled at the same time, it follows that M can only assume values in which A becomes 100% at the most.
  • the specific strength (cN / dtex) is significantly higher in the yarns according to the invention than in the known yarns made from core-sheath threads, and also higher than in the case of monocomponent yarns which were only produced from the core polymer.
  • the threads of the yarn according to the invention can have practically all known cross-sectional shapes. For example, threads with a round cross-section are preferred for tire cords, while threads with a trilobal cross-section are preferred for emphasizing light effects, which may be desirable for carpet yarns, for example.
  • Certain properties of the yarn such as, for example, adhesiveness, become particularly good in the case of a yarn in which the threads, in particular the core-sheath threads, have a trilobal cross section.
  • the yarns according to the invention have a variety of uses.
  • Sewing threads made of conventional polymers in the core can be coated with high temperature resistant polymers and are therefore suitable for very high sewing speeds.
  • the sheath can improve the chemical resistance, the UV resistance or the temperature resistance.
  • the sheath of the core-sheath threads can improve the adhesion between the core and the elastomer.
  • the adhesion between yarn and plastic can be improved in this way even with fiber-reinforced plastics.
  • the dyeability of the threads can be improved via the sheath of the core-sheath threads, even if the core is made of a highly conductive material to improve the antistatic properties, the color of which is often very dark and difficult to dye with other colors.
  • a significant crimping of the yarns can be brought about by the effect of heat in the finished carpet or in textile products.
  • Profiled yarns improve light scattering.
  • the fire behavior and / or the soiling behavior of carpets or textiles produced from such core-jacket threads can be significantly improved by a special selection of the jacket material of the core-jacket threads. Mold formation or fouling behavior can also be reduced.
  • the absorption of moisture by the core-sheath threads can be effectively prevented by a hydrophobic sheath. This is particularly interesting when using the yarns according to the invention in the textile sector. It is also possible to spin polymer already mixed with color pigments as the sheath component, resulting in spun-dyed core-sheath threads.
  • the chemical resistance for example in the case of filter nonwovens, can be improved by appropriate selection of polymers. Ion exchange properties can also be achieved or the fire behavior can be influenced.
  • the object according to the invention is also achieved by a method for producing the yarns according to the invention, in which the core component is fed in a known manner (EP-A-0 011 954) via a first spinneret plate to a second spinneret plate in a plurality of individual streams, between the first and the second spinneret plate is fed to each core component single stream flowing around the jacket component, both components are spun together, stretched and wound up, which is characterized in that at least around the area of the single streams the core com component around the jacket component is exposed to a flow resistance.
  • the method according to the invention can be carried out in one stage (without intermediate winding) or in several stages (with intermediate winding).
  • a mesh that has a hole for each individual flow is particularly suitable as flow resistance. It is advantageous if the mesh mesh fills the entire space between the first and second spinneret plates with the exception of the holes for the individual streams. Other flow resistances such as porous plates can also be used. Thanks to the mesh, the distance between the two spinneret plates can be kept the same everywhere even with spinneret plates of larger dimensions, because the meshwork also serves as a spacer plate.
  • core-sheath threads can be produced in a targeted manner which have different sheath proportions from thread to thread.
  • different resistances for the sheath currents are selected for the individual core currents. If the resistance is chosen to be so high that there is no flow around the sheath material around a special core current, one-component threads are brought about in a simple manner.
  • Meshes that have proven particularly useful as meshes are those commercially available under the name R.V.S. X mesh rolled, where x takes values from 30 to 500, are available.
  • RVS means that it is stainless steel
  • x mesh means that x wires per inch (2.54 cm) can be selected in both directions in the sieve, the wires being interwoven and having a diameter of 0.5 to 0.025 mm.
  • the permeability of the K is preferably between 10- 11 to be used to flow resistance 3-10-1 m2.
  • both components can be produced by melt spinning or solvent spinning.
  • solvent spinning means that the spinning solution consists of a polymer dissolved in solvent, while a melted polymer is used in melt spinning.
  • a core-sheath monofilament can be produced with the method according to the invention, which is characterized by a sheath of very uniform thickness over the circumference and over the length of the core-sheath monofilament distinguished.
  • FIG. 1 shows which area can be opened up by the core-sheath threads according to the invention. It shows a diagram in which on the abscissa the sheath proportion in vol.% And on the ordinate the proportion A in% of the core-sheath threads with a sheath proportion M ⁇ 0.1 M of all core-sheath threads in the yarn are applied.
  • the distribution possible in the prior art results from the hatched area designated with the prior art.
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows a basic process diagram for producing the yarns according to the invention.
  • 1 denotes a spinneret package, to which a spinneret plate combination 2 is flanged, which is explained in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 3, 4, 5 and 6.
  • Extruder and melt lines are connected upstream of the spinneret pack 1 in the usual way (not shown in the figure).
  • the threads are combined via a preparation roller 5 and fed to a drawing unit 3, 4 and then wound onto a bobbin 6 as the finished yarn.
  • FIG. 3 shows a section of a spinneret known from the prior art, in which a first spinneret plate is denoted by 10 and a second spinneret plate by 11.
  • the core melt stream is fed via spinnerets 12 through the first spinneret plate 10 to the second spinneret plate 11 and thereby opens into the spinneret cup 13.
  • the jacket stream flows into the space between nozzle plates 10 and 11 and thus flows around each core stream coming from a nozzle 12. In this way, each core component individual stream flowing around the jacket component, after which both components flow together through the nozzle cup 13 into the spinneret opening 14, from which they are extruded.
  • elevations 15 are provided on the second nozzle plate 11.
  • FIG. 4 schematically shows the structure of a spinneret as used in the method according to the invention.
  • a first spinneret plate is designated by 20, a second spinneret plate by 21.
  • the core component is supplied via opening 26 into a nozzle channel 22 which continues as channel 23 in the second nozzle plate 21.
  • the jacket component is evenly distributed via ring channels 28 between nozzle plate 20 and 21, the space between nozzle plate 20 and 21 being filled with a metal wire mesh 27 such that the nozzle channels 22 and 23 remain free throughout.
  • the sheath component is thus supplied to the core component in a flowing manner from the ring channel 28 via the metal wire mesh 27.
  • the metal wire mesh acts on the sheath component as a flow resistance. Core and sheath components are spun together via the nozzle 24.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 show an embodiment of a spinneret as used for the method according to the invention, FIG. 5 showing a longitudinal section and FIG. 6 a cross section.
  • the core component is fed to the first spinneret plate 20 via channel 32, while the jacket component is channeled via channel 33 (continuation is shown in dashed lines because channel 33 runs outside the plane of the drawing), via its continuation 34 through the first spinneret plate 20 into the ring channels (not designated) first and second spinneret plate is guided.
  • the flow resistance 27 is inserted, which simultaneously functions as a spacer between the first and second nozzle plates 20 and 21. 31 with centering pins and 30 seals.
  • Bushings 35 prevent leakage of the jacket component between channel plate 29 and first spinneret plate 20.
  • FIG. 7 shows a partial cross section of a yarn made of core-sheath threads, as is available according to the prior art.
  • the jacket is labeled 37 and the core 36. It can be seen that both the core and the outer surface vary greatly from thread to thread. Very different jacket and / or core areas can also be determined over the length of the individual threads.
  • FIG. 1 A corresponding partial cross section of a yarn according to the invention is shown in FIG. The uniformity of the core surface 38 and the outer surface 39 is striking here.
  • Examples 1 to 9 show the range of variation within which the yarns according to the invention can be produced.
  • the core polymer was a polyester with a relative viscosity typical of textile yarns (1 g polymer in 100 g m-cresol, measured at 25 ° C.), in Examples 4 to 6 a polyester with a technical grade Yarns of low relative viscosity, and in Examples 7 to 9 a polyester with high viscosity, such as is used for example for tire cords or for sewing threads.
  • polyamide 66 PA66 was used as the sheath material.
  • the spinning pump throughput of the core and jacket components was varied in each of the example groups mentioned above.
  • a "RVS 60 mesh rolled" mesh was used as flow resistance used (for a more detailed description see Examples 10 to 15).
  • the spinneret used corresponded to that shown in FIGS. 4 to 6.
  • the core-sheath threads were produced by a method as was explained in more detail above with reference to FIG. 2. However, there was no stretching.
  • the process conditions and the polymers used are shown in Table 1.
  • Table 1 shows the percentage (A (%)) of the core-jacket threads M% by volume of jacket (taking into account all core-jacket threads which ( M ⁇ 0.1 M)% sheath) of the total volume of the respective thread.
  • the specification of A (%) is a statistical mean of 10 cross-sectional measurements at various points on the respective yarn.
  • the values of A prove the uniformity with which the yarns according to the invention can be made available, and the diameters D of the individual core-sheath threads in the yarn can also be described as very uniform, because these also lie in a range of approximately (D. ⁇ 0.1 D).
  • a polyester with a relative viscosity of 2.04 was chosen as the core polymer.
  • the jacket material was polyamide 66 (PA66) and in Examples 12 to 15 a mixture of polyamide 66 and 0.3% by weight poly (m-xylylene adipamide) ("PA66 + additive" in the table) ) used.
  • PA66 polyamide 66
  • PA66 + additive poly (m-xylylene adipamide)
  • Each core-shell combination was wound up once at 900 m / min and once at 500 m / min without stretching, a process according to FIG. 2 again being carried out.
  • a mesh with the designation "R.V.S. 60 mesh rolled" was used as flow resistance. This mesh was made of stainless steel wire. 60 wires per inch (2.54 cm) were interwoven in both the longitudinal and transverse directions.
  • the commercially available wire mesh contained steel wires with a diameter of 0.16 mm.
  • the spinneret used corresponded to that shown in FIGS. 4 to 6.
  • the yarns obtained were then drawn on a drawing machine.
  • the yarn ran from the spinning bobbin into a first trio. From the trio, the yarn was fed to a second trio via a septet and then to a third trio through a 10 m steam treatment section, in which the yarn was treated with steam at a temperature of 250 ° C., and then wound up while maintaining the stretching speed.
  • the septet was kept at a temperature of 75 ° C.
  • the draw ratios and draw speeds selected for the yarns according to Examples 10 to 15 are shown in Table 3.
  • the draw ratio of the septet means the draw ratio that was applied to the yarn when it passed through the septet.
  • the total draw ratio results from the speed difference between the first and third trio.
  • LASE 1% (N) means the strength of the yarn in (N) at a given elongation of 1% (load at specific elongation). The same applies to LASE 2% and LASE 5%.
  • HAS 4 '/ 160 ° C indicates the hot air shrinkage of the yarn when the yarn is exposed to a temperature of 160 ° C for 4 min under a load of 5 m N / tex.
  • the yarns obtained were each stranded into a 1100 (Z 472) x 2 (S 472) tire cord.
  • the properties of the tire cord with this construction are also listed in Table 4 under the designation "cord”.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
  • Multicomponent Fibers (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Garn aus Kern-Mantel-Fäden, bei dem Kern und Mantel der Kern-Mantel-Fäden durch Extrudieren hergestellt sind, sowie ein Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung.The invention relates to a yarn made of core-sheath threads, in which the core and sheath of the core-sheath threads are produced by extrusion, and a method for the production thereof.

Kern-Mantel-Fäden sowie deren Herstellverfahren sind vielfach bekannt. Beispielsweise wird in EP-A-0 011 954 darauf hingewiesen, daß spezielle Spinnvorrichtungen erforderlich sind, um das Auftreten sogenannter Homofäden auch bei niedrigem Mantelanteil zu vermeiden. Trotz der Vermeidung von Homofäden durch die bekannte Spinnvorrichtung kann nicht vermieden werden, daß in dem erhaltenen Garn Kern-Mantel-Fäden enthalten sind, die einen stark schwankenden Mantelanteil aufweisen, wobei sogar Abschnitte ohne Mantel vorkommen, und daß in dem erhaltenen Garn die Schwankungsbreite des Mantelanteils der Kern-Mantel- Fäden untereinander stark schwankt.Core-sheath threads and their manufacturing processes are widely known. For example, it is pointed out in EP-A-0 011 954 that special spinning devices are required in order to avoid the occurrence of so-called homo threads even with a low proportion of sheath. Despite the avoidance of homo threads by the known spinning device, it cannot be avoided that the yarn obtained contains core-sheath threads which have a strongly fluctuating sheath proportion, even sections without sheath occur, and that in the yarn obtained the fluctuation range of The sheath proportion of the core-sheath threads fluctuates strongly among themselves.

Versuche haben gezeigt, daß mit einer Spinnvorrichtung gemäß EP-A-0 011 954 und einer Zudosierung von Kern- und Mantelmaterial im Volumenverhältnis von 85 : 15, wie dort im Beispiel beschrieben, höchstens 15% der erhaltenen Kern-Mantel-Fäden im Garn, in der Regel sogarweniger, einen Mantelanteil von etwa 15% aufweisen, auch wenn man beim Mantelanteil eine Schwankungsbreite von ± 10% berücksichtigt. Die übrigen Kern-Mantel-Fäden im erhaltenen Garn weisen einen größeren (bis zu 30 Vol.-%) oder kleineren (bis unter 5 Vol.-%) Mantelanteil auf.Experiments have shown that with a spinning device according to EP-A-0 011 954 and a metering of core and jacket material in a volume ratio of 85:15, as described in the example there, at most 15% of the core-jacket threads obtained in the yarn, usually even less, have a jacket portion of about 15%, even if one takes into account a fluctuation range of ± 10% in the jacket portion. The remaining core-sheath threads in the yarn obtained have a larger (up to 30% by volume) or smaller (up to less than 5% by volume) sheath fraction.

Bei dem bekannten Verfahren ist es auch nicht möglich, gezielt einzelne oder mehrere Homofäden im Garn zu erhalten. Die Entstehung von Homofäden ist rein zufällig und es ist auch nicht gewährleistet, daß ein im Garnquerschnitt ersichtlicher Homofaden in Garnrichtung ein Homofaden bleibt. Vielmehr ändert sich in Garnlaufrichtung ein Homofaden in einen Kern-Mantel-Faden und umgekehrt.In the known method, it is also not possible to selectively obtain single or multiple homo threads in the yarn. The creation of homo threads is purely coincidental and it is also not guaranteed that a homo thread visible in the thread cross section remains a homo thread in the thread direction. Rather, a homo thread changes into a core-sheath thread in the yarn running direction and vice versa.

Die starke Schwankung des Mantelanteils bewirkt, daß jeder Faden im Garn unterschiedliche Eigenschaften aufweist. Dies bedeutet, daß die Fäden im Garn untereinander stark schwankende Eigenschaften aufweisen, was unerwünscht ist.The large fluctuation in the sheath proportion means that each thread in the yarn has different properties. This means that the threads in the yarn have strongly fluctuating properties with one another, which is undesirable.

Prinzipiell sollen Garne aus Kern-Mantel-Fäden die gewünschten Eigenschaften des Kern-Materials (Festigkeit, Schrumpf, Dehnung, Doppelbrechung, usw.) aufweisen, wobei der Mantel andere Eigenschaften des Garns (Haftfähigkeit an anderen Materialien, Anfärbbarkeit, Griffestigkeit, chemische bzw. mechanische Beständigkeit usw.) verbessert. Nach den bekannten Verfahren muß der durchschnittliche Mantelanteil mit 20 Vol.-% und mehr gewählt werden, um die Schwankung des Mantelanteils in Grenzen zu halten und die Eigenschaften des Kern-Materials bezogen auf den Gesamtquerschnitt des Kern-Mantel-Fadens einigermaßen gleichmäßig zu erhalten.In principle, yarns made from core-jacket threads should have the desired properties of the core material (strength, shrinkage, elongation, birefringence, etc.), the jacket having other properties of the yarn (adhesion to other materials, dyeability, grip resistance, chemical or mechanical resistance, etc.) improved. According to the known methods, the average sheath proportion with 20 vol .-% and more must be selected in order to keep the fluctuation of the sheath proportion within limits and to maintain the properties of the core material with respect to the overall cross-section of the core-sheath thread somewhat uniform.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, neue, zum Gebrauch besser geeignete Garne aus Kern-Mantel-Fäden zur Verfügung zu stellen, die gegebenenfalls Einkomponentenfäden (Homofäden) enthalten, bei denen Kern und Mantel der Kern-Mantel-Fäden durch Extrudieren von spinnbaren Polymeren hergestellt sind, und zumindest nahezu alle Kern-Mantel-Fäden einen vollständigen Mantel aufweisen. Die Garne sollen eine bessere Ausnutzung der Eigenschaften des Kern-Mantel-Materials ohne Verschlechterung der Eigenschaften des Mantel-Materials gewährleisten.The object of the present invention is to provide new, more suitable yarns made from core-sheath threads, which may contain single-component threads (homo threads), in which the core and sheath of the core-sheath threads are produced by extruding spinnable polymers are, and at least almost all core-sheath threads have a complete sheath. The yarns are intended to ensure a better utilization of the properties of the core-jacket material without a deterioration in the properties of the jacket material.

Es ist auch Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein Verfahren zur Herstellung dieser Garne zur Verfügung zu stellen, bei dem eine bessere Gleichmäßigkeit der Garne gewährleistet werden kann, und bei dem gezielt und vorherbestimmbar der Anteil der Einkomponentenfäden und der Kern-Mantel-Fäden (Bikomponentenfäden) gewählt werden kann. Der Mantelanteil der Kern-Mantel-Fäden soll auch unterhalb 20 Vol.-% gleichmäßiger erreicht werden können.It is also an object of the invention to provide a method for producing these yarns, in which better uniformity of the yarns can be ensured, and in which the proportion of the one-component threads and the core-sheath threads (bicomponent threads) is selected in a targeted and predictable manner can be. The sheath proportion of the core-sheath threads should also be able to be achieved more uniformly below 20% by volume.

Diese Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, daß von allen Kern-Mantel-Fäden im Garn der Anteil an Kern-Mantel- Fäden A in %, von denen jeder Kern-Mantel-Faden (M ± 0,1 M) % Mantel an Gesamtvolumen des jeweiligen Kern-Mantel-Fadens aufweist, gleichzeitig folgenden Bedingungen genügt:

  • A Z 1 00
  • M≧0,5
  • A s 30 + (0,1 M)8.
This object is achieved in that of all core-sheath threads in the yarn the proportion of core-sheath threads A in%, of which each core-sheath thread (M ± 0.1 M)% sheath in the total volume of the respective Has core-sheath thread, at the same time satisfies the following conditions:
  • AZ 1 00
  • M ≧ 0.5
  • As 30 + (0.1 M) 8.

Der Ausdruck M ± 0,1 M bedeutet, daß zur Bestimmung von A alle Kern-Mantel-Fäden berücksichtigtwerden, die M Vol.-% Mantel bezogen auf das Gesamtvolumen des jeweiligen Kern-Mantelfadens aufweisen, wobei bei der Bestimmung des Mantelanteils M ein Bereich von ± 10% berücksichtigt wird. Da die oben genannten Bedingungen gleichzeitig erfüllt sein müssen, ergibt sich, daß M nur solche Werte annehmen kann, bei denen A höchstens gleich 100% wird.The expression M ± 0.1 M means that for the determination of A all core-sheath threads are considered which have M vol.% Sheath based on the total volume of the respective core sheath thread, with a range in the determination of the sheath proportion M. of ± 10% is taken into account. Since the above-mentioned conditions have to be fulfilled at the same time, it follows that M can only assume values in which A becomes 100% at the most.

Insbesondere weisen erfindungsgemäße Garne, bei denen

  • A s 40 + 7 (0,1 M)8,
In particular, yarns according to the invention have in which
  • A s 40 + 7 (0.1 M) 8 ,

bevorzugtprefers

A s 50 + 100 (0,1 M)8 gilt, ausgezeichnete Eigenschaften auf.As 50 + 100 (0.1 M) 8 applies, excellent properties.

Je nach Einsatzzweck werden

  • Garne,
    • bei denen mindestens 60% der Kern-Mantel-Fäden einen Mantelanteil
    • M ± 0,1 M Vol.-% aufweisen, wobei M Z 9 Vol.-% beträgt,
  • oder Garne,
    • bei denen mindestens 70% der Kern-Mantel-Fäden einen Mantelanteil
    • M ± 0,1 M aufweisen, wobei 1 Vol.-% ≦ M Z 7 Vol.-% ist,
  • oder Garne,
    • bei denen mindestens 75% der Kern-Mantel-Fäden einen Mantelanteil
    • M ± 0,1 M aufweisen, wobei 3 Vol.-% ≦ M ≦6 Vol.-% ist,
  • bevorzugt.
Depending on the application
  • Yarn,
    • in which at least 60% of the core-sheath threads contain a sheath
    • M ± 0.1 M vol .-%, where MZ is 9 vol .-%,
  • or yarn,
    • in which at least 70% of the core-sheath threads contain a sheath
    • M have ± 0.1 M, 1% by volume ≦ MZ being 7% by volume,
  • or yarn,
    • in which at least 75% of the core-sheath threads contain a sheath
    • M have ± 0.1 M, 3% by volume ≦ M ≦ 6% by volume,
  • prefers.

Überraschenderweise zeigen derartige Garne deutlich verbesserte spezifische Eigenschaften. Beispielsweise ist die spezifische Festigkeit (cN/dtex) bei erfindungsgemäßen Garnen deutlich höher als bei den bekannten Garnen aus Kern-Mantel-Fäden, und auch höher als bei Monokomponent-Garnen, die lediglich aus dem Kernpolymer hergestellt wurden.Surprisingly, such yarns show significantly improved specific properties. For example, the specific strength (cN / dtex) is significantly higher in the yarns according to the invention than in the known yarns made from core-sheath threads, and also higher than in the case of monocomponent yarns which were only produced from the core polymer.

Die Fäden des erfindungsgemäßen Garns können praktisch alle bekannten Querschnittsformen aufweisen. Beispielsweise werden für Reifencorde Fäden mit rundem Querschnitt bevorzugt, während zur Betonung von Lichteffekten, die beispielsweise bei Teppichgarnen erwünscht sein können, Fäden mit trilobalem Querschnitt bevorzugt werden.The threads of the yarn according to the invention can have practically all known cross-sectional shapes. For example, threads with a round cross-section are preferred for tire cords, while threads with a trilobal cross-section are preferred for emphasizing light effects, which may be desirable for carpet yarns, for example.

Bestimmte Eigenschaften des Garns, wie beispielsweise Haftfähigkeit, werden besonders gut bei einem Garn, bei dem die Fäden, insbesondere die Kern-Mantel-Fäden, trilobalen Querschnitt aufweisen.Certain properties of the yarn, such as, for example, adhesiveness, become particularly good in the case of a yarn in which the threads, in particular the core-sheath threads, have a trilobal cross section.

Als Polymerkombination für Kern und Mantel haben sich besonders folgende Polymere bewährt:

Figure imgb0001
The following polymers have proven particularly useful as a polymer combination for core and sheath:
Figure imgb0001

Weitere günstige Kombinationen sind:

Figure imgb0002
Other favorable combinations are:
Figure imgb0002

Die erfindungsgemäßen Garne finden vielseitige Anwendung.The yarns according to the invention have a variety of uses.

Nähgarne aus üblichen Polymeren im Kern (PET, PA 66, PA 6) können mit hochtemperaturbeständigen Polymeren umhüllt werden, und sind somit für sehr hohe Nähgeschwindigkeiten geeignet. Bei Seilen und Netzen aus Garnen kann der Mantel die chemische Beständigkeit, die UV-Beständigkeit bzw. die Temperaturbeständigkeit verbessern.Sewing threads made of conventional polymers in the core (PET, PA 66, PA 6) can be coated with high temperature resistant polymers and are therefore suitable for very high sewing speeds. In the case of ropes and nets made of yarns, the sheath can improve the chemical resistance, the UV resistance or the temperature resistance.

Bei Garnen zur Verstärkung von Elastomeren, beispielsweise bei Reifencord, die zur Verstärkung von Luftreifen, Treibriemen oder Transportbändern eingesetzt werden, kann durch den Mantel der Kern-Mantel-Fäden eine Haftverbesserung zwischen Kern und Elastomer erreicht werden. Auch bei faserverstärkten Kunststoffen kann auf diese Weise das Haftungsvermögen zwischen Garn und Kunststoff verbessert werden.In the case of yarns for reinforcing elastomers, for example tire cord, which are used for reinforcing pneumatic tires, drive belts or conveyor belts, the sheath of the core-sheath threads can improve the adhesion between the core and the elastomer. The adhesion between yarn and plastic can be improved in this way even with fiber-reinforced plastics.

Bei Teppichgarnen kann über den Mantel der Kern-Mantel-Fäden die Anfärbbarkeit der Fäden verbessert werden, auch wenn der Kern aus gut leitfähigem Material zur Verbesserung der antistatischen Eigenschaften besteht, dessen Farbe häufig sehr dunkel und schlecht mit anderen Farben anfärbbar ist. Durch Wahl von verschieden stark schrumpfendem Material zwischen Kern- und Mantelmaterial, kann bei Verwendung solcher Garne zur Herstellung von Teppichen über Wärmeeinwirkung im fertigen Teppich oder in Textilprodukten eine deutliche Kräuselung der Garne hervorgerufen werden. Profilierte Garne verbessern die Lichtstreuung. Durch spezielle Auswahl des Mantelmaterials der Kern-Mantel-Fäden kann das Brandverhalten und/oder das Verschmutzungsverhalten von aus solchen Kern-Mantel-Fäden hergestellten Teppichen oder Textilien wesentlich verbessert werden. Auch Schimmelbildung oder Faulverhalten kann verringert werden.In carpet yarns, the dyeability of the threads can be improved via the sheath of the core-sheath threads, even if the core is made of a highly conductive material to improve the antistatic properties, the color of which is often very dark and difficult to dye with other colors. By choosing differently shrinking material between core and sheath material, when using such yarns for the production of carpets, a significant crimping of the yarns can be brought about by the effect of heat in the finished carpet or in textile products. Profiled yarns improve light scattering. The fire behavior and / or the soiling behavior of carpets or textiles produced from such core-jacket threads can be significantly improved by a special selection of the jacket material of the core-jacket threads. Mold formation or fouling behavior can also be reduced.

Durch einen hydrophoben Mantel kann die Aufnahme von Feuchtigkeit von den Kern-Mantel-Fäden wirksam verhindert werden. Dies ist besonders interessant beim Einsatz der erfindungsgemäßen Garne im textilen Sektor. Es ist auch möglich, bereits mit Farbpigmenten vermischtes Polymer als Mantelkomponente zu verspinnen, wodurch sich spinngefärbte Kern-Mantel-Fäden ergeben.The absorption of moisture by the core-sheath threads can be effectively prevented by a hydrophobic sheath. This is particularly interesting when using the yarns according to the invention in the textile sector. It is also possible to spin polymer already mixed with color pigments as the sheath component, resulting in spun-dyed core-sheath threads.

Beim Einsatz der erfindungsgemäßen Garne in Vliesen kann durch entsprechende Auswahl an Polymeren die chemische Beständigkeit beispielsweise bei Filtervliesen verbessert werden. Auch können lonentauschereigenschaften erreicht werden, oder das Brandverhalten beeinflußt werden.When using the yarns according to the invention in nonwovens, the chemical resistance, for example in the case of filter nonwovens, can be improved by appropriate selection of polymers. Ion exchange properties can also be achieved or the fire behavior can be influenced.

Die erfindungsgemäße Aufgabe wird auch gelöst durch ein Verfahren zum Herstellen der erfindungsgemäßen Garne, bei dem in an sich bekannter Weise (EP-A-0 011 954) die Kernkomponente über eine erste Spinndüsenplatte einer zweiten Spinndüsenplatte in mehreren Einzelströmen zugeführt wird, wobei zwischen der ersten und der zweiten Spinndüsenplatte jedem Kernkomponenten-Einzelstrom diesen umströmend die Mantelkomponente zugeführt wird, beide Komponenten gemeinsam ersponnen, verstreckt und aufgewickelt werden, welches sich dadurch auszeichnet, daß zumindest um den Bereich der Einzelströme der Kernkomponente herum die Mantelkomponente einem Strömungswiderstand ausgesetzt wird.The object according to the invention is also achieved by a method for producing the yarns according to the invention, in which the core component is fed in a known manner (EP-A-0 011 954) via a first spinneret plate to a second spinneret plate in a plurality of individual streams, between the first and the second spinneret plate is fed to each core component single stream flowing around the jacket component, both components are spun together, stretched and wound up, which is characterized in that at least around the area of the single streams the core com component around the jacket component is exposed to a flow resistance.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren kann einstufig (ohne Zwischenaufwicklung) oder mehrstufig (mit Zwischenaufwicklung) durchgeführt werden.The method according to the invention can be carried out in one stage (without intermediate winding) or in several stages (with intermediate winding).

Als Strömungswiderstand eignet sich besonders ein Maschengeflecht, welches für jeden Einzelstrom eine Bohrung aufweist. Günstig ist es, wenn das Maschengeflecht den ganzen Zwischenraum zwischen erster und zweiter Spinndüsenplatte mit Ausnahme der Bohrungen für die Einzelströme ausfüllt. Auch andere Strömungswiderstände wie beispielsweise poröse Platten können verwendet werden. Durch das Maschengeflecht kann auch bei Spinndüsenplatten größerer Dimensionen derAbstand zwischen den beiden Spinndüsenplatten überall gleich groß gehalten werden, weil das Maschengeflecht gleichzeitig als Distanzplatte dient.A mesh that has a hole for each individual flow is particularly suitable as flow resistance. It is advantageous if the mesh mesh fills the entire space between the first and second spinneret plates with the exception of the holes for the individual streams. Other flow resistances such as porous plates can also be used. Thanks to the mesh, the distance between the two spinneret plates can be kept the same everywhere even with spinneret plates of larger dimensions, because the meshwork also serves as a spacer plate.

In einfacher Weise kann hierbei auch erreicht werden, daß gezielt Kern-Mantel-Fäden hergestellt werden können, die von Faden zu Faden unterschiedlichen Mantelanteil aufweisen. Hierzu werden für die einzelnen Kernströme unterschiedliche Widerstände für die Mantelströme gewählt. Wird der Widerstand so hoch gewählt, daß eine Umströmung des Mantelmaterials um einen speziellen Kernstrom unterbleibt, werden in einfacher Weise Einkomponentenfäden bewirkt.It can also be achieved in a simple manner that core-sheath threads can be produced in a targeted manner which have different sheath proportions from thread to thread. For this purpose, different resistances for the sheath currents are selected for the individual core currents. If the resistance is chosen to be so high that there is no flow around the sheath material around a special core current, one-component threads are brought about in a simple manner.

Als Maschengeflechte haben sich solche besonders bewährt, die im Handel unter der Bezeichnung R.V.S. X mesh gewalzt, wobei x Werte von 30 bis 500 annimmt, erhältlich sind. Hierbei bedeutet R.V.S., daß es sich um rostfreien Stahl handelt, während x mesh bedeutet, daß x Drähte pro inch (2.54 cm) in beiden Richtungen im Sieb gewählt werden können, wobei die Drähte miteinander verwebt sind und einen Durchmesser von 0,5 bis 0,025 mm aufweisen.Meshes that have proven particularly useful as meshes are those commercially available under the name R.V.S. X mesh rolled, where x takes values from 30 to 500, are available. Here RVS means that it is stainless steel, while x mesh means that x wires per inch (2.54 cm) can be selected in both directions in the sieve, the wires being interwoven and having a diameter of 0.5 to 0.025 mm.

Der Strömungswiderstand kann auch durch die Permeabilität des als Strömungswiderstand verwendeten Körpers bestimmt werden. Hierbei ist die Permeabilität K definiert mit

Figure imgb0003
wobei

  • 11 die Viskosität der eingesetzten Flüssigkeit in Pa s
  • V die Geschwindigkeit der eingesetzten Flüssigkeit durch den Strömungswiderstand in m/sec
  • Sp/Sx der Druckgradient in N/m3 in Strömungsrichtung.
The flow resistance can also be determined by the permeability of the body used as flow resistance. Here, the permeability K is defined with
Figure imgb0003
 in which
  • 11 the viscosity of the liquid used in Pa s
  • V the speed of the liquid used by the flow resistance in m / sec
  • Sp / Sx is the pressure gradient in N / m 3 in the direction of flow.

Hieraus ergibt sich die Permeabilität in m2.This results in the permeability in m 2 .

Die Permeabilität K des zu verwendenden Strömungswiderstandes liegt bevorzugt zwischen 10-11 bis 3-10-1 m2.The permeability of the K is preferably between 10- 11 to be used to flow resistance 3-10-1 m2.

Es ist besonders überraschend, daß das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren sowohl beim Schmelzspinnen als auch beim Lösungsmittelspinnen angewendet werden kann, wobei auch beide Spinnarten kombiniert werden können. Beispielsweise können beide Komponenten durch Schmelzspinnen oder Lösungsmittelspinnen hergestellt werden. Es kann aber auch beispielsweise die Kern-Komponente durch Schmelzspinnen und die Mantelkomponente durch Lösungsmittelspinnen erzeugt werden. Lösungsmittelspinnen bedeutet, daß die Spinnlösung aus einem in Lösungsmittel gelöstem Polymer besteht, während beim Schmelzspinnen ein erschmolzenes Polymer eingesetzt wird.It is particularly surprising that the process according to the invention can be used both in melt spinning and in solvent spinning, it also being possible to combine both types of spinning. For example, both components can be produced by melt spinning or solvent spinning. However, it is also possible, for example, to produce the core component by melt spinning and the jacket component by solvent spinning. Solvent spinning means that the spinning solution consists of a polymer dissolved in solvent, while a melted polymer is used in melt spinning.

Wenn in der ersten und zweiten Spinndüsenplatte jeweils nur eine Spinndüsenöffnung vorgesehen ist, kann mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren ein Kern-Mantel-Einzelfaden hergestellt werden, der sich durch einen Mantel von sehr gleichmäßiger Stärke über den Umfang und über die Länge des Kern-Mantel-Einzelfadens auszeichnet.If only one spinneret opening is provided in each of the first and second spinneret plates, a core-sheath monofilament can be produced with the method according to the invention, which is characterized by a sheath of very uniform thickness over the circumference and over the length of the core-sheath monofilament distinguished.

Die Erfindung wird anhand der nachfolgenden Figuren und Beispiele näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail with reference to the following figures and examples.

Gemäß Figuren wird dargestellt:

  • Figur 1 der Bereich, der bei den erfindungsgemäßen Garnen gegenüber dem Stand der Technik erschlossen wird,
  • Figur 2 ein prinizpielles Verfahrensschema zum Herstellen der erfindungsgemäßen Garne,
  • Figur 3 schematisch den Aufbau einer Spinndüse, wie sie im Stand der Technik verwendet wird,
  • Figur 4 schematisch den Aufbau einer Spinndüse, die zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens erforderlich ist,
  • Figur 5 und 6 den Aufbau der Spinndüse gemäß Figur 4,
  • Figur 7 einen Teilquerschnitt durch ein Garn gemäß dem Stand der Technik
  • Figur 8 einen Teilquerschnitt durch ein erfindungsgemäßes Garn.
According to the figures:
  • FIG. 1 shows the area which is opened up in the yarns according to the invention compared to the prior art,
  • FIG. 2 shows a basic process diagram for producing the yarns according to the invention,
  • FIG. 3 schematically shows the structure of a spinneret as used in the prior art,
  • FIG. 4 shows schematically the structure of a spinneret that is required to carry out the method according to the invention,
  • 5 and 6 the structure of the spinneret according to FIG. 4,
  • Figure 7 shows a partial cross section through a yarn according to the prior art
  • 8 shows a partial cross section through a yarn according to the invention.

In Figur 1 ist dargestellt, welcher Bereich durch die erfindungsgemäßen Garnen aus Kern-Mantel-Fäden erschlossen werden kann. Sie zeigt ein Diagramm, bei dem auf der Abszisse der Mantelanteil in Vol.-% und auf der Ordinate der Anteil A in % der Kern-Mantel-Fäden mit einem Mantelanteil M ± 0,1 M von allen Kern-Mantel-Fäden im Garn aufgetragen sind. Die im Stand der Technik mögliche Verteilung ergibt sich aus der schraffierten, mit Stand der Technik bezeichneten Fläche. Hieraus ergibt sich, daß es im Stand der Technik ohne weiteres möglich war, Garne aus Kern-Mantel-Fäden mit einem Mantelanteil von 25% herzustellen, bei denen sämtliche Kern-Mantel-Fäden einen Mantelanteil von 25% aufwiesen, während bei einem Garn mit Kern-Mantel-Fäden mit einem Mantelanteil von 10% lediglich nur noch 5% einen Mantelanteil von 10% aufwiesen. Erfindungsgemäß ist es nun gelungen, Garne mit deutlich verbesserter Gleichmäßigkeit zur Verfügung zu stellen. Hierbei entspricht Kurve A den Bedingungen gemäß Anspruch 1, Kurve B den Bedingungen gemäß Anspruch 2, und Kurve C den Bedingungen gemäß Anspruch 3.FIG. 1 shows which area can be opened up by the core-sheath threads according to the invention. It shows a diagram in which on the abscissa the sheath proportion in vol.% And on the ordinate the proportion A in% of the core-sheath threads with a sheath proportion M ± 0.1 M of all core-sheath threads in the yarn are applied. The distribution possible in the prior art results from the hatched area designated with the prior art. It follows from this that it was readily possible in the prior art to produce yarns from core-sheath threads with a sheath fraction of 25% of which all core-sheath threads had a sheath proportion of 25%, whereas in the case of a yarn with core-sheath threads with a sheath proportion of 10%, only 5% had a sheath proportion of 10%. According to the invention, it has now been possible to provide yarns with significantly improved uniformity. Curve A corresponds to the conditions according to claim 1, curve B the conditions according to claim 2, and curve C the conditions according to claim 3.

In Figur 2 ist schematisch ein prinzipielles Verfahrensschema zum Herstellen der erfindungsgemäßen Garne dargestellt. Hierbei ist mit 1 ein Spinndüsenpaket bezeichnet, an welches eine Spinndüsenplattenkombination 2 angeflanscht ist, welche nachfolgend anhand der Figuren 3, 4, 5 und 6 näher erläutert wird. Dem Spinndüsenpaket 1 sind in üblicher Weise Extruder- und Schmelzeleitungen vorgeschaltet, (in der Figur nicht dargestellt). Nach Verlassen der ersponnenen Kern-Mantel- bzw. Homofäden 8 durchlaufen diese einen Kühlschacht 7, der mit Kühlluft 9 gespeist wird. Über eine Präparationswalze 5 werden die Fäden zusammengefaßt und einer Verstreckeinheit 3, 4 zugeführt und anschließend auf eine Spule 6 als fertiges Garn aufgewickelt.FIG. 2 schematically shows a basic process diagram for producing the yarns according to the invention. Here, 1 denotes a spinneret package, to which a spinneret plate combination 2 is flanged, which is explained in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 3, 4, 5 and 6. Extruder and melt lines are connected upstream of the spinneret pack 1 in the usual way (not shown in the figure). After leaving the spun core-sheath or homo threads 8, they pass through a cooling shaft 7, which is fed with cooling air 9. The threads are combined via a preparation roller 5 and fed to a drawing unit 3, 4 and then wound onto a bobbin 6 as the finished yarn.

In Figur 3 ist ein Ausschnitt aus einer aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Spinndüse dargestellt, bei der eine erste Spinndüsenplatte mit 10 und eine zweite Spinndüsenplatte mit 11 bezeichnet ist. Der Kern-Schmelzestrom wird über Spinndüsen 12 durch die erste Spinndüsenplatte 10 der zweiten Spinndüsenplatte 11 zugeführt und mündet dabei in den Spinndüsenkelch 13. Der Mantelstrom fließt in den Zwischenraum zwischen Düsenplatte 10 und 11 und umströmt somit jeden aus einer Düse 12 kommenden Kernstrom. Auf diese Weise wird jedem Kernkomponenten-Einzelstrom diesen umströmend die Mantelkomponente zugeführt, wonach beide Komponenten gemeinsam durch den Düsenkelch 13 in die Spinndüsenöffnung 14 fließen, woraus diese extrudiert werden. In dem Bereich, in den der Mantelstrom den Kernstrom umströmt, sind an der zweiten Düsenplatte 11 Erhebungen 15 vorgesehen.FIG. 3 shows a section of a spinneret known from the prior art, in which a first spinneret plate is denoted by 10 and a second spinneret plate by 11. The core melt stream is fed via spinnerets 12 through the first spinneret plate 10 to the second spinneret plate 11 and thereby opens into the spinneret cup 13. The jacket stream flows into the space between nozzle plates 10 and 11 and thus flows around each core stream coming from a nozzle 12. In this way, each core component individual stream flowing around the jacket component, after which both components flow together through the nozzle cup 13 into the spinneret opening 14, from which they are extruded. In the area in which the sheath flow flows around the core flow, elevations 15 are provided on the second nozzle plate 11.

In Figur 4 ist schematisch der Aufbau einer Spinndüse dargestellt, wie sie bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren Verwendung findet. Eine erste Spinndüsenplatte ist mit 20, eine zweite Spinndüsenplatte mit 21 bezeichnet. Die Zuführung der Kernkomponente erfolgt über Öffnung 26 in einen Düsenkanal 22, der sich in der zweiten Düsenplatte 21 als Kanal 23 fortsetzt. Die Mantelkomponente wird über Ringkanäle 28 zwischen Düsenplatte 20 und 21 gleichmäßig verteilt, wobei der Zwischenraum zwischen Düsenplatte 20 und 21 mit einem Metalldrahtgeflecht 27 derart ausgefüllt ist, daß die Düsenkanäle 22 und 23 durchgehend frei bleiben. Die Mantelkomponente wird somit vom Ringkanal 28 über das Metalldrahtgeflecht 27 der Kernkomponente umströmend zugeführt. Hierbei wirkt das Metalldrahtgeflecht auf die Mantelkomponente als Strömungswiderstand. Kern- und Mantelkomponente werden gemeinsam über die Düse 24 ersponnen.FIG. 4 schematically shows the structure of a spinneret as used in the method according to the invention. A first spinneret plate is designated by 20, a second spinneret plate by 21. The core component is supplied via opening 26 into a nozzle channel 22 which continues as channel 23 in the second nozzle plate 21. The jacket component is evenly distributed via ring channels 28 between nozzle plate 20 and 21, the space between nozzle plate 20 and 21 being filled with a metal wire mesh 27 such that the nozzle channels 22 and 23 remain free throughout. The sheath component is thus supplied to the core component in a flowing manner from the ring channel 28 via the metal wire mesh 27. The metal wire mesh acts on the sheath component as a flow resistance. Core and sheath components are spun together via the nozzle 24.

Figur 5 und 6 zeigt eine Ausführungsform einer Spinndüse, wie sie für das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren Verwendung findet, wobei Figur 5 einen Längsschnitt und Figur 6 einen Querschnitt darstellt. Über Kanal 32 wird die Kernkomponente der ersten Spinndüsenplatte 20 zugeführt, während die Mantelkomponente über Kanal 33 (Fortführung ist gestrichelt dargestellt, weil Kanal 33 außerhalb der Zeichenebene verläuft) über dessen Fortsetzung 34 durch die erste Spinndüsenplatte 20 hindurch in die Ringkanäle (nicht bezeichnet) zwischen erster und zweiter Spinndüsenplatte geführt wird. Zwischen erster Düsenplatte 20 und zweiter Düsenplatte 21 ist der Strömungswiderstand 27 eingelegt, welcher gleichzeitig als Distanzhalter zwischen erster und zweiter Düsenplatte 20 und 21 fungiert. Mit 31 sind Zentrierstifte und mit 30 Dichtungen bezeichnet. Büchsen 35 verhindern eine Leckage der Mantelkomponente zwischen Kanalplatte 29 und erster Spinndüsenplatte 20.FIGS. 5 and 6 show an embodiment of a spinneret as used for the method according to the invention, FIG. 5 showing a longitudinal section and FIG. 6 a cross section. The core component is fed to the first spinneret plate 20 via channel 32, while the jacket component is channeled via channel 33 (continuation is shown in dashed lines because channel 33 runs outside the plane of the drawing), via its continuation 34 through the first spinneret plate 20 into the ring channels (not designated) first and second spinneret plate is guided. Between the first nozzle plate 20 and the second nozzle plate 21, the flow resistance 27 is inserted, which simultaneously functions as a spacer between the first and second nozzle plates 20 and 21. 31 with centering pins and 30 seals. Bushings 35 prevent leakage of the jacket component between channel plate 29 and first spinneret plate 20.

In Figur 7 ist ein Teilquerschnitt eines Garns aus Kern-Mantel-Fäden dargestellt, wie es gemäß dem Stand der Technik erhältlich ist. Der Mantel ist mit 37 und der Kern mit 36 bezeichnet. Man kann erkennen, daß sowohl Kern- als auch Mantelfläche von Faden zu Faden stark variieren. Auch über die Länge der einzelnen Fäden können stark unterschiedliche Mantel- und/oder Kernflächen festgestellt werden.FIG. 7 shows a partial cross section of a yarn made of core-sheath threads, as is available according to the prior art. The jacket is labeled 37 and the core 36. It can be seen that both the core and the outer surface vary greatly from thread to thread. Very different jacket and / or core areas can also be determined over the length of the individual threads.

In Figur 8 ist ein entsprechender Teilquerschnitt eines erfindungsgemäßen Garns dargestellt. Hierbei fällt die Gleichmäßigkeit der Kernfläche 38 und Mantelfläche 39 auf.A corresponding partial cross section of a yarn according to the invention is shown in FIG. The uniformity of the core surface 38 and the outer surface 39 is striking here.

Die Erfindung wird anhand von Beispielen näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail by means of examples.

Beispiele 1 bis 9Examples 1 to 9

Die Beispiele 1 bis 9 zeigen die Variationsbreite, innerhalb welcher die erfindungsgemäßen Garne hergestellt werden können.Examples 1 to 9 show the range of variation within which the yarns according to the invention can be produced.

Bei Beispiel 1 bis 3 wurde als Kern-Polymer ein Polyester mit einer für textile Garne typischen relativen Viskosität (1 g Polymer in 100 g m-Kresol, gemessen bei 25°C), bei den Beispielen 4 bis 6 ein Polyester mit einer für technische Garne niedrigen relativen Viskosität, und bei den Beispielen 7 bis 9 ein Polyester mit hoher Viskosität, wie er beispielsweise für Reifenkord oderfür Nähgarne eingesetzt wird, gewählt. In allen Fällen wurde als Mantelmaterial Polyamid 66 (PA66) eingesetzt.In Examples 1 to 3, the core polymer was a polyester with a relative viscosity typical of textile yarns (1 g polymer in 100 g m-cresol, measured at 25 ° C.), in Examples 4 to 6 a polyester with a technical grade Yarns of low relative viscosity, and in Examples 7 to 9 a polyester with high viscosity, such as is used for example for tire cords or for sewing threads. In all cases, polyamide 66 (PA66) was used as the sheath material.

Innerhalb der oben erwähnten Beispielgruppen wurde jeweils der Spinnpumpendurchsatz von Kern- und Mantel-Komponente variiert. Als Strömungswiderstand wurde ein Maschengeflecht "R.V.S. 60 mesh gewalzt" eingesetzt (Nähere Beschreibung siehe Beispiel 10 bis 15). Die eingesetzte Spinndüse entsprach der gemäß Figur 4 bis 6 dargestellten.The spinning pump throughput of the core and jacket components was varied in each of the example groups mentioned above. A "RVS 60 mesh rolled" mesh was used as flow resistance used (for a more detailed description see Examples 10 to 15). The spinneret used corresponded to that shown in FIGS. 4 to 6.

Die Kern-Mantel-Fäden wurden nach einem Verfahren hergestellt, wie es oben anhand von Figur 2 näher erläutert wurde. Allerdings unterblieb eine Verstreckung. Die Verfahrensbedingungen und die eingesetzten Polymere ergeben sich aus Tabelle 1. Weiterhin ist in der Tabelle 1 angegeben, wieviel Prozent (A(%) ) der Kern-Mantel-Fäden M Vol.-% Mantel (bei Berücksichtigung aller Kern-Mantelfäden, die (M ± 0,1 M) % Mantel) am Gesamtvolumen des jeweiligen Fadens aufweisen. Bei der Angabe von A (%) handelt es sich um statistische Mittelwerte von 10 Querschnittsmessungen an verschiedenen Stellen des jeweiligen Garns.The core-sheath threads were produced by a method as was explained in more detail above with reference to FIG. 2. However, there was no stretching. The process conditions and the polymers used are shown in Table 1. In addition, Table 1 shows the percentage (A (%)) of the core-jacket threads M% by volume of jacket (taking into account all core-jacket threads which ( M ± 0.1 M)% sheath) of the total volume of the respective thread. The specification of A (%) is a statistical mean of 10 cross-sectional measurements at various points on the respective yarn.

Die Werte von A beweisen die Gleichmäßigkeit, mit denen die erfindungsgemäßen Garne zur Verfügung gestellt werden können, wobei auch die Durchmesser D der einzelnen Kern-Mantel-Fäden im Garn als sehr gleichmäßig bezeichnet werden können, weil diese ebenfalls in einem Bereich von etwa (D ± 0,1 D) liegen.

Figure imgb0004
The values of A prove the uniformity with which the yarns according to the invention can be made available, and the diameters D of the individual core-sheath threads in the yarn can also be described as very uniform, because these also lie in a range of approximately (D. ± 0.1 D).
Figure imgb0004

Beispiele 10 bis 15Examples 10 to 15

Gemäß den Beispielen 10 bis 15 sollen verschiedene Reifenkorde hergestellt und deren Eigenschaften ermittelt werden.According to Examples 10 to 15, various tire cords are to be produced and their properties are to be determined.

Hierzu wurde als Kern-Polymer ein Polyester mit einer relativen Viskosität von 2,04 gewählt. Als MantelMaterial wurde bei den Beispielen 10 und 11 Polyamid 66 (PA66) und bei den Beispielen 12 bis 15 ein Gemisch aus Polyamid 66 und 0,3 Gewichts-% Poly(m-xylylenadipamid) (in der Tabelle mit "PA66 + Zusatz" bezeichnet) eingesetzt. Dieses Gemisch weist eine besonders gute Haftfähigkeit gegenüber Polyester wie auch gegenüber von elastomeren Werkstoffen, insbesondere Gummi, auf.For this purpose, a polyester with a relative viscosity of 2.04 was chosen as the core polymer. In Examples 10 and 11, the jacket material was polyamide 66 (PA66) and in Examples 12 to 15 a mixture of polyamide 66 and 0.3% by weight poly (m-xylylene adipamide) ("PA66 + additive" in the table) ) used. This mixture has a particularly good adhesion to polyester as well as to elastomeric materials, especially rubber.

Jede Kern-Mantel-Kombination wurde einmal mit 900 m/min und einmal mit 500 m/min ohne Verstreckung aufgewickelt, wobei wiederum ein Verfahren gemäß Figur 2 durchgeführt wurde. Als Strömungswiderstand wurde ein Maschengeflecht mit der Bezeichnung "R.V.S. 60 mesh gewalzt" eingesetzt. Dieses Maschengeflecht bestand also aus rostfreien Stahldrähten. Sowohl in Längs- als auch in Querrichtung waren 60 Drähte pro inch (2.54 cm) miteinander verwoben. Das im Handel erhältliche Maschengeflecht enthielt Stahldrähte mit einem Durchmesser von 0,16 mm.Each core-shell combination was wound up once at 900 m / min and once at 500 m / min without stretching, a process according to FIG. 2 again being carried out. A mesh with the designation "R.V.S. 60 mesh rolled" was used as flow resistance. This mesh was made of stainless steel wire. 60 wires per inch (2.54 cm) were interwoven in both the longitudinal and transverse directions. The commercially available wire mesh contained steel wires with a diameter of 0.16 mm.

Die eingesetzte Spinndüse entsprach der gemäß Fig. 4 bis 6 dargestellten.The spinneret used corresponded to that shown in FIGS. 4 to 6.

Bei den Beispielen 14 und 15 wurde im Verfahrensablauf direkt unterhalt der Spinndüse ein 0,4 m langes Heizrohr zur Erreichung einer verzögerten Abkühlung eingesetzt. Die gewählten Verfahrensbedingungen ergeben sich aus Tabelle 2.

Figure imgb0005
In Examples 14 and 15, a 0.4 m long heating tube was used directly in the process to maintain delayed cooling. The selected process conditions are shown in Table 2.
Figure imgb0005

Die erhaltenen Garne wurden anschließend auf einer Verstreckanlage verstreckt. Hierbei lief das Garn von der Spinnspule in ein erstes Trio. Vom Trio wurde das Garn über ein Septett einem zweiten Trio zugeführt und dann durch eine 10m lange Dampfbehandlungsstrecke, in welcher das Garn mit Dampf mit einer Temperatur von 250°C behandelt wurde, einem dritten Trio zugeführt und dann unter Einhaltung der Streckgeschwindigkeit aufgewickelt. Das Septett wurde auf einer Temperatur von 75°C gehalten.The yarns obtained were then drawn on a drawing machine. The yarn ran from the spinning bobbin into a first trio. From the trio, the yarn was fed to a second trio via a septet and then to a third trio through a 10 m steam treatment section, in which the yarn was treated with steam at a temperature of 250 ° C., and then wound up while maintaining the stretching speed. The septet was kept at a temperature of 75 ° C.

Die für die Garne gemäß Beispiel 10 bis 15 gewählten Streckverhältnisse und Streckgeschwindigkeiten sind aus Tabelle 3 ersichtlich. Hierbei bedeutet Streckverhältnis Septett das Streckverhältnis, mit dem das Garn beim Durchlaufen des Septetts beaufschlagt wurde. Das Gesamtverstreckverhältnis ergibt sich aus dem Geschwindigkeitsunterschied zwischen erstem und dritten Trio.

Figure imgb0006
The draw ratios and draw speeds selected for the yarns according to Examples 10 to 15 are shown in Table 3. Here, the draw ratio of the septet means the draw ratio that was applied to the yarn when it passed through the septet. The total draw ratio results from the speed difference between the first and third trio.
Figure imgb0006

Die Eigenschaften des auf diese Weise erhaltenen Garns sind unter "Garn" in Tabelle 4 aufgeführt. Hierbei bedeutet LASE 1 % (N) die Festigkeit des Garns in (N) bei einer vorgegebenen Dehnung von 1 % (Load at specific elongation). Entsprechendes gilt für LASE 2% und LASE 5%.The properties of the yarn obtained in this way are listed under "Yarn" in Table 4. Here LASE 1% (N) means the strength of the yarn in (N) at a given elongation of 1% (load at specific elongation). The same applies to LASE 2% and LASE 5%.

HAS 4'/160°C (Hotairshrinkage 4 min bei 160°C) gibt den Heißluftschrumpf des Garns an, wenn das Garn 4 min unter einer Belastung von 5 m N/tex einer Temperatur von 160°C ausgesetzt wird.HAS 4 '/ 160 ° C (hot chair shrinkage 4 min at 160 ° C) indicates the hot air shrinkage of the yarn when the yarn is exposed to a temperature of 160 ° C for 4 min under a load of 5 m N / tex.

Die erhaltenen Garne wurden jeweils zu einem Reifenkord der Konstruktion 1100 (Z 472) x 2 (S 472) verseilt. Die Eigenschaften des Reifenkord mit dieser Konstruktion sind unter der Bezeichnung "Kord" ebenfalls in Tabelle 4 aufgeführt.The yarns obtained were each stranded into a 1100 (Z 472) x 2 (S 472) tire cord. The properties of the tire cord with this construction are also listed in Table 4 under the designation "cord".

Der auf diese Weise erhaltene Cord wurde auf übliche Weise mit einer Haftschicht versehen. Hierbei wurde der Kord hintereinander 120 sec durch einen Ofen mit einer Temperatur von 150°C unter einer Spannung von 5 N, durch ein Bad, und 45 sec durch einen Ofen mit einer Temperatur von 240°C unter einer Spannung von 5 N geführt. Das Bad enthielt folgende Bestandteile:

  • Demineralisiertes Wasser,
  • Natronlauge,
  • Resorcin,
  • Formaldehyd,
  • VP-Latex,
  • Ammoniak.
The cord obtained in this way was provided with an adhesive layer in the usual way. Here, the cord was passed in succession for 120 seconds through an oven at a temperature of 150 ° C. under a tension of 5 N, through a bath, and for 45 seconds through an oven at a temperature of 240 ° C. under a tension of 5 N. The bath contained the following components:
  • Demineralised water,
  • Caustic soda,
  • Resorcinol,
  • Formaldehyde,
  • VP latex,
  • Ammonia.

Die Eigenschaften des auf diese Weise präparierten Kords sind unter "gedippter Kord" ebenfalls in Tabelle 4 aufgeführt.The properties of the cord prepared in this way are also listed in Table 4 under "dipped cord".

Die Werte für A und M waren für das Garn, den Kord und den gedippten Kord identisch, weshalb diese Werte jeweils nur unter "Garn" aufgeführt sind.

Figure imgb0007
The values for A and M were identical for the yarn, the cord and the dipped cord, which is why these values are only listed under "Yarn".
Figure imgb0007

Claims (20)

1. Yarn made of core-sheath-filaments and optionally additional one-component threads, wherein core and sheath of the core-sheath-filaments are manufactured by extruding spinnable polymers and at least virtually all of the core-sheath-filaments have a complete sheath, characterized in that, of all of the core-sheath -filaments in the yarn, the percentage of core-sheath -filaments A, of which each core-sheath-filament has a sheath representing (M ± 0.1 M)% of the total volume of the core-sheath-filament, simultaneously satisfies the following conditions:
Figure imgb0013
Figure imgb0014
Figure imgb0015
2. Yarn according to claim 1, wherein
Figure imgb0016
3. Yarn according to claim 1, wherein
Figure imgb0017
4. Yarn according to claim 1, characterized in that at least 60% of the core-sheath-filaments have a sheath component of (M ± 0.1 M), with M being -- 9% by volume.
5. Yarn according to claim 1, characterized in that at least 70% of the core-sheath-filaments have a sheath component of (M ± 0.1 M), with 1% by volume ≦ M Z 7% by volume.
6. Yarn according to claim 1, characterized in that at least 75% of the core-sheath-filaments have a sheath component of (M ± 0.1 M), with 3% by volume ≦ M Z 6% by volume.
7. Yarn according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that in the core-sheath-filaments the core is made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and the sheath is made of polyamide 66 (PA66).
8. Yarn according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that in the core-sheath-filaments the core is made of PET and the sheath is made of a mixture of PA 66 and poly(m-xylylene adipamide).
9. Yarn according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that in the core-sheath-filaments the core is made of PA 46 and the sheath is made of PA 66.
10. Yarn according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that in the core-sheath-filaments the core is made of high-viscosity PET and the sheath is made of low-viscosity PET.
11. Yarn according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that in the core-sheath-filaments the core is made of PET and the sheath is made of a mixture of PET and PVDF.
12. Method of manufacturing a yarn according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the core component is supplied in a plurality of individual jets via a first spinning nozzle plate to a second spinning nozzle plate and, between the first and the second spinning nozzle plate, the sheath component is supplied to and flows around each core component individual jet, both components being jointly spun, stretched and wound, characterized in that at least around the region of the individual jets of the core component the sheath component is exposed to a flow resistance.
13. Method according to claim 12, characterized in that a wire mesh is used as a flow resistance, which has one bore for each individual jet.
14. Method according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that a flow resistance having a permeability of between 10-11 and 3.10-10 m2 is selected.
15. Method according to claim 13, characterized in that the wire mesh has 12 to 200 wires per centimetre (30 - 500/inch).
16. Method according to one or more of claims 12 to 15, characterized in that, to manufacture the homofilaments, the resistance is set so high that the sheath component does not flow around the individual jets provided for manufacturing homofilaments.
17. Method according to one or more of claims 12 to 16, characterized in that the sheath and/or core component is melt-spun.
18. Method according to one or more of claims 12 to 16, characterized in that the sheath and/or core component is spun dissolved in a solvent.
19. Method according to one or more of claims 12 to 18 for manufacturing core-sheath monofilaments, characterized in that a first and a second spinning nozzle plate are used, each of which has only one nozzle opening.
EP90109044A 1989-05-16 1990-05-14 Yarn from core-skin filaments and process for its preparation Expired - Lifetime EP0398221B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3915819A DE3915819A1 (en) 1989-05-16 1989-05-16 Making high grade core-sheath fibre yarn
DE3915819 1989-05-16
DE3926246 1989-08-09
DE3926246 1989-08-09

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EP0398221A1 EP0398221A1 (en) 1990-11-22
EP0398221B1 true EP0398221B1 (en) 1993-06-23
EP0398221B2 EP0398221B2 (en) 2000-03-15

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EP90907033A Pending EP0425629A1 (en) 1989-05-16 1990-05-14 Yarn made from core-skin threads and process for manufacturing it

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DE (1) DE59001843D1 (en)
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CA2084866C (en) * 1992-06-18 2000-02-08 Matthew B. Hoyt Reduced staining carpet yarns and carpet
MX9304488A (en) 1992-08-10 1994-02-28 Akzo Nv POLYESTER THREAD WITH GOOD ADHESION TO RUBBER AND PROCEDURE FOR ITS PREPARATION.
DE69409862T3 (en) * 1993-02-19 2002-08-14 Arteva Technologies S.A.R.L., Zuerich Heterofibers for reinforcement ropes in drive belts
US5447794A (en) * 1994-09-07 1995-09-05 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Polyamide sheath-core filaments with reduced staining by acid dyes and textile articles made therefrom
US20050133948A1 (en) * 2003-12-22 2005-06-23 Cook Michael C. Apparatus and method for multicomponent fibers
CN101880920B (en) * 2010-06-30 2011-09-07 盐城市中联复合纤维有限公司 Preparation method of nylon 66/tackified polyester composite sheath core fiber
US9022229B2 (en) * 2012-03-09 2015-05-05 General Electric Company Composite membrane with compatible support filaments
KR101537260B1 (en) * 2013-03-14 2015-07-16 코오롱패션머티리얼(주) Nylon potential crimped yarn with excellent shirnkage and cooling touch
CN105274649A (en) * 2015-11-24 2016-01-27 马海燕 Large-diameter PVDF-PA6 skin-core type composite monofilament and production method thereof
CN105401234B (en) * 2015-12-29 2019-07-12 重庆市大通茂纺织科技有限公司 A kind of screw extruding method of composite fibre
CN106945321A (en) * 2016-01-06 2017-07-14 余姚市创辉树脂笔头厂 A kind of microporous fibre bar preparation method
CN107956127B (en) * 2017-12-12 2020-04-24 浙江华峰氨纶股份有限公司 Preparation method of polyurethane elastic fiber with skin-core structure

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NL123334C (en) * 1955-06-30
US3704971A (en) * 1969-06-16 1972-12-05 Du Pont Spinneret assembly
DE2964229D1 (en) * 1978-11-30 1983-01-13 Ici Plc Apparatus for spinning bicomponent filaments
JPS63190007A (en) * 1987-01-27 1988-08-05 Kuraray Co Ltd Spinneret device for sheath-core type conjugate spinning
JPH06163708A (en) * 1992-11-26 1994-06-10 Kawasaki Steel Corp Depositing method for metal film

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EP0398221A1 (en) 1990-11-22
JP2001226828A (en) 2001-08-21
WO1990014452A1 (en) 1990-11-29
AR245232A1 (en) 1993-12-30
ES2041468T3 (en) 1993-11-16
CN1049193A (en) 1991-02-13
CN1021581C (en) 1993-07-14
HU904475D0 (en) 1991-07-29
HUT65386A (en) 1994-06-28
JPH03506053A (en) 1991-12-26
BR9006770A (en) 1991-08-06
KR920701538A (en) 1992-08-12
MX174104B (en) 1994-04-21
EP0398221B2 (en) 2000-03-15
CZ278383B6 (en) 1993-12-15
DE59001843D1 (en) 1993-07-29
EP0425629A1 (en) 1991-05-08
HU210409B (en) 1995-04-28
ES2041468T5 (en) 2000-07-16
SK238890A3 (en) 1997-11-05
KR0140074B1 (en) 1998-07-01
CZ238890A3 (en) 1993-01-13
JP3391789B2 (en) 2003-03-31
SK278606B6 (en) 1997-11-05

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