SK122698A3 - Activation of swelling clays and processes of using the activated clays - Google Patents
Activation of swelling clays and processes of using the activated clays Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- SK122698A3 SK122698A3 SK1226-98A SK122698A SK122698A3 SK 122698 A3 SK122698 A3 SK 122698A3 SK 122698 A SK122698 A SK 122698A SK 122698 A3 SK122698 A3 SK 122698A3
- Authority
- SK
- Slovakia
- Prior art keywords
- bentonite
- activated
- salt
- sodium
- acids
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 32
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 title description 15
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 title description 8
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003352 sequestering agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000000873 masking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbamic acid Chemical class NC(O)=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 alkali metal salt Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical class OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- AQSJGOWTSHOLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphite(3-) Chemical class [O-]P([O-])[O-] AQSJGOWTSHOLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003628 tricarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 235000012216 bentonite Nutrition 0.000 description 50
- 229940092782 bentonite Drugs 0.000 description 39
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 21
- 238000001994 activation Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920006317 cationic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 4
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000001339 alkali metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000281 calcium bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000008233 hard water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical group [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium ion Chemical compound [Mg+2] JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorous acid Chemical class OP(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000003868 ammonium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloromethane Chemical compound ClC NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010808 liquid waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001425 magnesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920001495 poly(sodium acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium polyacrylate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C=C NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- RTBFRGCFXZNCOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methylsulfonylpiperidin-4-one Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)N1CCC(=O)CC1 RTBFRGCFXZNCOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AEQDJSLRWYMAQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,9,10-tetramethoxy-6,8,13,13a-tetrahydro-5H-isoquinolino[2,1-b]isoquinoline Chemical compound C1CN2CC(C(=C(OC)C=C3)OC)=C3CC2C2=C1C=C(OC)C(OC)=C2 AEQDJSLRWYMAQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DPBJAVGHACCNRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CN(C)CCOC(=O)C=C DPBJAVGHACCNRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QPCDCPDFJACHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-bis{2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl}glycine Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(=O)O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O QPCDCPDFJACHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical class OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 201000010273 Porphyria Cutanea Tarda Diseases 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- LHMSJZLSCNPWNJ-CPKQKIOSSA-N Wyomin Natural products O(C[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](Oc2c([C@H]3[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](CO)O3)c(O)c3C(=O)C=C(c4cc(O)c(O)cc4)Oc3c2)O1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](C)O1 LHMSJZLSCNPWNJ-CPKQKIOSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001420 alkaline earth metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JFCQEDHGNNZCLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous glutaric acid Natural products OC(=O)CCCC(O)=O JFCQEDHGNNZCLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006318 anionic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000013011 aqueous formulation Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N butanedioic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC[14C](O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001669 calcium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ONCZQWJXONKSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;disodium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Na+].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4] ONCZQWJXONKSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- PZZHMLOHNYWKIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N eddha Chemical compound C=1C=CC=C(O)C=1C(C(=O)O)NCCNC(C(O)=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O PZZHMLOHNYWKIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000271 hectorite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KWLMIXQRALPRBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L hectorite Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-].[OH-].[Na+].[Mg+2].O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]([O-])(O1)O[Si]1([O-])O2 KWLMIXQRALPRBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229920000831 ionic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002655 kraft paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940050176 methyl chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011859 microparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005445 natural material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- NUSQOFAKCBLANB-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine tetrasulfonic acid Chemical compound C12=CC(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=C2C(N=C2NC(C3=CC=C(C=C32)S(O)(=O)=O)=N2)=NC1=NC([C]1C=CC(=CC1=1)S(O)(=O)=O)=NC=1N=C1[C]3C=CC(S(O)(=O)=O)=CC3=C2N1 NUSQOFAKCBLANB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021647 smectite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- HELHAJAZNSDZJO-OLXYHTOASA-L sodium L-tartrate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O HELHAJAZNSDZJO-OLXYHTOASA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000280 sodium bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940080314 sodium bentonite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000176 sodium gluconate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012207 sodium gluconate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940005574 sodium gluconate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Inorganic materials [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001433 sodium tartrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002167 sodium tartrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000011004 sodium tartrates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- LHMSJZLSCNPWNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N wyomin Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(O)C(C)OC1OCC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(OC=2C(=C(O)C=3C(=O)C=C(OC=3C=2)C=2C=C(O)C(O)=CC=2)C2C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O2)O)O1 LHMSJZLSCNPWNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/18—Compounding ingredients for liquefying the batches
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/04—Clay; Kaolin
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/63—Inorganic compounds
- D21H17/67—Water-insoluble compounds, e.g. fillers, pigments
- D21H17/69—Water-insoluble compounds, e.g. fillers, pigments modified, e.g. by association with other compositions prior to incorporation in the pulp or paper
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/03—Non-macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/05—Non-macromolecular organic compounds containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen only
- D21H17/14—Carboxylic acids; Derivatives thereof
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/03—Non-macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/05—Non-macromolecular organic compounds containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen only
- D21H17/14—Carboxylic acids; Derivatives thereof
- D21H17/15—Polycarboxylic acids, e.g. maleic acid
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/63—Inorganic compounds
- D21H17/66—Salts, e.g. alums
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/63—Inorganic compounds
- D21H17/67—Water-insoluble compounds, e.g. fillers, pigments
- D21H17/68—Water-insoluble compounds, e.g. fillers, pigments siliceous, e.g. clays
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S106/00—Compositions: coating or plastic
- Y10S106/04—Bentonite
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Silicates, Zeolites, And Molecular Sieves (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
- Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GBGB9604927.5A GB9604927D0 (en) | 1996-03-08 | 1996-03-08 | Activation of swelling clays and processes of using the activated clays |
| PCT/GB1997/000648 WO1997033040A1 (en) | 1996-03-08 | 1997-03-10 | Activation of swelling clays and processes of using the activated clays |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| SK122698A3 true SK122698A3 (en) | 1999-06-11 |
Family
ID=10790066
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| SK1226-98A SK122698A3 (en) | 1996-03-08 | 1997-03-10 | Activation of swelling clays and processes of using the activated clays |
Country Status (22)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6024790A (da) |
| EP (1) | EP0885327B1 (da) |
| JP (1) | JP2000506113A (da) |
| KR (1) | KR100489647B1 (da) |
| CN (1) | CN1088776C (da) |
| AT (1) | ATE211516T1 (da) |
| AU (1) | AU721609B2 (da) |
| BR (1) | BR9707830A (da) |
| CA (1) | CA2247205C (da) |
| CZ (1) | CZ293232B6 (da) |
| DE (1) | DE69709854T2 (da) |
| DK (1) | DK0885327T3 (da) |
| ES (1) | ES2169353T3 (da) |
| GB (1) | GB9604927D0 (da) |
| HU (1) | HU223695B1 (da) |
| NO (1) | NO984108D0 (da) |
| NZ (1) | NZ331471A (da) |
| PL (1) | PL190372B1 (da) |
| PT (1) | PT885327E (da) |
| RU (1) | RU2144592C1 (da) |
| SK (1) | SK122698A3 (da) |
| WO (1) | WO1997033040A1 (da) |
Families Citing this family (24)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20030150575A1 (en) * | 1998-06-04 | 2003-08-14 | Snf Sa | Paper and paperboard production process and corresponding novel retention and drainage aids, and papers and paperboards thus obtained |
| TW550325B (en) | 1999-11-08 | 2003-09-01 | Ciba Spec Chem Water Treat Ltd | Manufacture of paper and paperboard |
| KR100408627B1 (ko) * | 2000-07-12 | 2003-12-06 | 주식회사 자경케미칼 | 제지용 오염방지 조성물 |
| MY140287A (en) | 2000-10-16 | 2009-12-31 | Ciba Spec Chem Water Treat Ltd | Manufacture of paper and paperboard |
| MXPA01013126A (es) * | 2001-01-08 | 2004-02-12 | Elementis Specialities Inc | Suspensiones de arcilla esmectita de viscosidad estable y mezclas de la arcilla esmectita y uno o mas fosfonatos utiles para hacer tales suspensiones. |
| US20020144630A1 (en) | 2001-01-08 | 2002-10-10 | Elementis Specialties, Inc. | Viscosity stable smectite clay slurries |
| WO2003106370A1 (en) * | 2002-06-17 | 2003-12-24 | American Clay Enterprises, Llc | Clay plaster |
| US7303654B2 (en) | 2002-11-19 | 2007-12-04 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Cellulosic product and process for its production |
| US7297668B2 (en) * | 2003-04-03 | 2007-11-20 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Composition |
| US20050109239A1 (en) * | 2003-11-21 | 2005-05-26 | Elementis Specialties, Inc. | Paint formulations containing hectorite compositions |
| US20050228103A1 (en) * | 2004-04-13 | 2005-10-13 | Eastman Kodak Company | Composition comprising intercalated metal-ion sequestrants |
| US7989402B2 (en) * | 2006-09-14 | 2011-08-02 | Elementis Specialties, Inc. | Functionalized clay compositions for aqueous based drilling fluids |
| DE102008060302A1 (de) * | 2008-12-03 | 2010-06-10 | Süd-Chemie AG | Verwendung einer Zusammensetzung auf Basis von Schichtsilikat zur Herstellung von Papier, sowie Schichtsilikat-Zusammensetzung und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung |
| EP2522458B1 (en) | 2011-05-13 | 2016-07-06 | ESSILOR INTERNATIONAL (Compagnie Générale d'Optique) | Process for determining position parameters of a manufactured surface relative to a reference surface |
| CA2862095C (en) | 2012-02-01 | 2017-04-11 | Basf Se | Process for the manufacture of paper and paperboard |
| ES2663384T3 (es) | 2012-03-01 | 2018-04-12 | Basf Se | Proceso para la fabricación de papel y cartón |
| DE102012005454B4 (de) | 2012-03-20 | 2020-06-18 | Outotec Oyj | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von gehärteten Granalien aus eisenhaltigen Partikeln |
| DE102012011240A1 (de) | 2012-06-06 | 2013-12-12 | Outotec Oyj | Verfahren zur Herstellung von gehärteten Granalien aus eisenhaltigen Partikeln |
| CA2897185C (en) | 2013-01-11 | 2018-10-09 | Basf Se | Process for the manufacture of paper and paperboard |
| PL3129335T3 (pl) * | 2014-04-07 | 2018-07-31 | Lamberti Spa | Proces wytwarzania płytek |
| RU2595125C1 (ru) * | 2015-08-07 | 2016-08-20 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Грозненский государственный нефтяной технический университет имени академика М.Д. Миллионщикова" | Способ получения активированного порошкообразного бентонита |
| KR102442975B1 (ko) * | 2020-04-17 | 2022-09-15 | 한국원자력연구원 | 비금속광물의 선택적 분리를 위한 다단부유선별장치 |
| CN113402904A (zh) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-09-17 | 浙江丰虹新材料股份有限公司 | 一种低粘复合黏土触变剂的制备方法 |
| WO2024022984A1 (en) | 2022-07-25 | 2024-02-01 | Byk-Chemie Gmbh | Lithium rich layered silicate and process for producing |
Family Cites Families (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1497280A (en) * | 1974-12-10 | 1978-01-05 | Ass Portland Cement | Agglomerating suspended particulate material in aqueous systems |
| DE3065576D1 (en) * | 1979-03-28 | 1983-12-22 | Allied Colloids Ltd | Production of paper and paper board |
| US4309222A (en) * | 1980-10-09 | 1982-01-05 | Pfizer Inc. | Kaolin clay slurries of reduced viscosity |
| JPS61118499A (ja) * | 1984-11-14 | 1986-06-05 | 株式会社 ネオス | スプレ−洗浄用洗浄剤 |
| US4613542A (en) * | 1985-04-05 | 1986-09-23 | American Colloid Company | Method of impregnating a water-penetrable article with a swell-inhibited water swellable clay slurry |
| US4624982A (en) * | 1985-04-05 | 1986-11-25 | American Colloid Company | Method of temporarily inhibiting the swellability of water swellable clays and compositions |
| DE3541163A1 (de) * | 1985-11-21 | 1987-05-27 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung von papier und karton |
| US4913775A (en) * | 1986-01-29 | 1990-04-03 | Allied Colloids Ltd. | Production of paper and paper board |
| GB8602121D0 (en) * | 1986-01-29 | 1986-03-05 | Allied Colloids Ltd | Paper & paper board |
| SE8701252D0 (sv) * | 1987-03-03 | 1987-03-25 | Eka Nobel Ab | Sett vid framstellning av papper |
| JP2552128B2 (ja) * | 1987-03-18 | 1996-11-06 | 昭治 野上 | 粘土鉱物の高純度精製方法 |
| GB8807445D0 (en) * | 1988-03-28 | 1988-05-05 | Allied Colloids Ltd | Pulp dewatering process |
| GB8828899D0 (en) * | 1988-12-10 | 1989-01-18 | Laporte Industries Ltd | Paper & paperboard |
| US5006574A (en) * | 1989-02-10 | 1991-04-09 | Engelhard Corporation | Cationcally dispersed slurries of calcined kaolin clay |
| GB9024016D0 (en) * | 1990-11-05 | 1990-12-19 | Allied Colloids Ltd | Clay compositions,their manufacture and their use in the production of paper |
| US5391228A (en) * | 1990-12-21 | 1995-02-21 | Southern Clay Products, Inc. | Method for preparing high solids bentonite slurries |
| US5266538A (en) * | 1990-12-21 | 1993-11-30 | Southern Clay Products, Inc. | Method for preparing high solids bentonite slurries |
| ATE141357T1 (de) * | 1991-07-02 | 1996-08-15 | Eka Chemicals Ab | Verfahren zur herstellung von papier |
| US5223463A (en) * | 1991-08-01 | 1993-06-29 | Ecc International Inc. | Process for producing a kaolin clay product |
| US5537934A (en) * | 1994-10-19 | 1996-07-23 | Engelhard Corporation | Cationically stabilized slurries of calcined kaolin clay |
-
1996
- 1996-03-08 GB GBGB9604927.5A patent/GB9604927D0/en active Pending
-
1997
- 1997-03-10 DK DK97906288T patent/DK0885327T3/da active
- 1997-03-10 KR KR10-1998-0707065A patent/KR100489647B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-03-10 AT AT97906288T patent/ATE211516T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-03-10 EP EP97906288A patent/EP0885327B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-03-10 AU AU21028/97A patent/AU721609B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1997-03-10 SK SK1226-98A patent/SK122698A3/sk unknown
- 1997-03-10 HU HU9902143A patent/HU223695B1/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-03-10 CZ CZ19982857A patent/CZ293232B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-03-10 PL PL97329369A patent/PL190372B1/pl not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-03-10 ES ES97906288T patent/ES2169353T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-03-10 BR BR9707830A patent/BR9707830A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-03-10 CN CN97192857A patent/CN1088776C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-03-10 NZ NZ331471A patent/NZ331471A/xx unknown
- 1997-03-10 US US09/142,220 patent/US6024790A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-03-10 CA CA002247205A patent/CA2247205C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-03-10 WO PCT/GB1997/000648 patent/WO1997033040A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1997-03-10 RU RU98118376A patent/RU2144592C1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-03-10 DE DE69709854T patent/DE69709854T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-03-10 JP JP9531594A patent/JP2000506113A/ja not_active Ceased
- 1997-03-10 PT PT97906288T patent/PT885327E/pt unknown
-
1998
- 1998-09-07 NO NO984108A patent/NO984108D0/no unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1213420A (zh) | 1999-04-07 |
| NO984108L (no) | 1998-09-07 |
| CZ285798A3 (cs) | 1999-03-17 |
| DE69709854T2 (de) | 2002-08-29 |
| WO1997033040A1 (en) | 1997-09-12 |
| CZ293232B6 (cs) | 2004-03-17 |
| EP0885327A1 (en) | 1998-12-23 |
| HU223695B1 (hu) | 2004-12-28 |
| PL190372B1 (pl) | 2005-12-30 |
| KR100489647B1 (ko) | 2005-08-31 |
| HUP9902143A2 (hu) | 2000-02-28 |
| AU2102897A (en) | 1997-09-22 |
| BR9707830A (pt) | 1999-07-27 |
| DE69709854D1 (de) | 2002-02-28 |
| CA2247205C (en) | 2005-06-28 |
| GB9604927D0 (en) | 1996-05-08 |
| DK0885327T3 (da) | 2002-04-22 |
| HUP9902143A3 (en) | 2003-12-29 |
| ATE211516T1 (de) | 2002-01-15 |
| CN1088776C (zh) | 2002-08-07 |
| NO984108D0 (no) | 1998-09-07 |
| KR19990087616A (ko) | 1999-12-27 |
| CA2247205A1 (en) | 1997-09-12 |
| ES2169353T3 (es) | 2002-07-01 |
| PL329369A1 (en) | 1999-03-29 |
| RU2144592C1 (ru) | 2000-01-20 |
| PT885327E (pt) | 2002-05-31 |
| EP0885327B1 (en) | 2002-01-02 |
| JP2000506113A (ja) | 2000-05-23 |
| NZ331471A (en) | 2000-01-28 |
| US6024790A (en) | 2000-02-15 |
| AU721609B2 (en) | 2000-07-13 |
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