SI8511441A8 - Cigarette substitute - Google Patents

Abstract

The cigarette has a carbonaceous fuel element. A separate aerosol generator has a substrate bearing an aerosol forming material. The fuel element and substrate are arranged in a conductive relationship, so that the heat-stable substrate receives conductive heat transfer throughout the burning time of the fuel element. The fuel element is less than 30mm in length, with a density of at least 5 g/cc. An insulation material can surround part of the fuel element. The insulation is resilient and at least 15 mm thick. The cigarette also has a mouthpiece.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

The invention relates to the tobacco industry, and particularly to cigarettes.

In the International Patent Classification, articles of the indicated type are classified in Classes A 24 D 3/06, A 24 D 1/18 and A 24 B 15/16.

TECHNICAL PROBLEM

The problem with the invention relates to the question of how to make a cigarette substitute that produces quantities of aerosols with tobacco smoke, without combustion of tobacco, which means that in the main smoke there is no or only a minimal amount of combustion and pyrolysis products.

-d BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Many smoking substitutes with tobacco substitutes have been proposed in recent years, especially over the last 20 to 30 years. These proposed substitutes for tobacco are made from a variety of treated and untreated materials, especially cellulose based materials. Numerous patents refer to proposed substitutions for tobacco that are made by modifying cellulose materials, for example, by oxidizing, heat treating or adding materials to modify the properties of cellulose. An essential list of such surrogates (substitutes) for tobacco is in US 4,079,742.

The patents describe the making of proposed smoking materials from various tlps of carbonated (i.e., pyrolysed) cellulosic material. These include US patents 2,907,686; 3,738,374; 4,044,777; 4,019,521; 4,133,317; 4,219,031; 4,286,604; No. 4,326,544 and 4,481,958, hereinafter G3 956,544 and 1,431,045 and EP 1 17,355 A1. Furthermore, US 3,738,374 states that substitutes for tobacco can be made from carbon or graphite fibers, mats or fabrics, and that most of these are made by controlled pyrolysis of cellulosic materials such as silk thread or fabric.

Other patents in prior art describe the use of carbon or pyrolysed cellulosic material either as components of proposed smoking materials or as fillers for such materials. These include US 1,985,840 patents; 3,608,560; 3,831,609; 3,834,398; 3,805,803; 3,885,574; 3,931,284 3,993,082; 4,199,104; 4,244,381; 4,340,072; 4,347,855; No. 4,391,285 and 4,474,191.

- 3 The following patents describe the partial pyrolysis of cellulosic materials for making proposed smoking materials.

These include US patents 3,545,448; 3,818,915; 3,943,942;

No. 4,002,176 and 4,079,742.

Despite decades of interest and effort, it is believed that none of the smoking materials mentioned earlier was satisfactory as a substitute for tobacco. Indeed, despite widespread interest and effort, it still does not respect the cigarette substitute on the market, which provides the benefits and benefits of conventional cigarette smoking without delivering significant quantities of incomplete combustion and pyrolysis products.

DESCRIPTION OF THE TECHNICAL PROBLEM SOLUTION WITH EXAMPLES

The present invention relates to a cigarette substitute capable of producing substantial amounts of aerosols, both at the beginning and during the useful life of the product, without significant thermal degradation of the aerosol generator and without the presence of a substantial amount of pyrolysis products or incomplete combustion, and preferably without significant amounts of lateral smoke current . Substitutes of the present invention can provide the user with the sensations and benefits of smoking cigarettes without burning tobacco.

These 1 other advantages are provided by providing an Elongated Cigarette Smoking Product that uses a combustible fuel element, preferably some carbonaceous material, in combination with a separate aerosol generating agent which is conductively exchanged for heat exchange with the gorlvira element. After ignition, the fuel element generates the heat used for Evaporation

- 4 substances 111 more substances in aerosol generating agent.

The volatile matter is then retracted towards the end of the mouth, especially during smoke ingestion, 1 into the mouth of a cornflake, similar to the smoke of a conventional cigarette.

Preferably, the fuel element is less than about 30 mm in length, preferably less than 15 mm in length, 1m thick at least 0.5g / cra ³ , and is provided with a single 111 more longitudinal passage. Suitably, the aerosol generating agent includes one 111 multiple aerosol forming substances. Preferably, the heat exchange ratio Between the fuel 1 of the aerosol generator is achieved by providing a heat-conducting member, such as a metal foil, which efficiently transfers heat from the combustible fuel element to the aerosol generating means. This heat conducting member preferably contacts the fuel element 1 means for generating aerosols at least about a portion of their peripheral surface. Further, at least a portion of the gorl element is provided with a peripheral 1zo1ac1on1m member, such as an Isolaclonlh fiber sheath, wherein the sheath is preferably elastic 1 at least 0.5 mm thick, which reduces radial heat loss 1 helps retain 1 directing heat from the gorl element towards the agent for generating aerosols. The isozolaclonl member preferably covers at least a portion of the fuel element, 1 preferably at least a portion of the aerosol generating means.

Because the preferred fuel element is relatively short, the hot burning cone is always close to the aerosol generating means, which maximizes the heat transfer to it 1 maximizes the consequent aerosol production, especially in the embodiments provided with the heat conduction member. Preferably, the use of a relatively short substrate 111 of the low-mass carrier as an aerosol generating agent, in close proximity with the short gorllm element, also increases the production of m1n1m1 aerosols by substrate heat absorption effect. Because the aerosol forming substance is separated from the gorilla element, it is substantially exposed.

- 5 lower temperatures than those present in the combustion cone, thus minimizing the potential for thermal degradation of the aerosol mold. Furthermore, it is especially desirable to use a carbonaceous element which is substantially free of the evaporated organic material of the presence of the essential product at a temperature of 111 incomplete combustion 1 eliminates the generation of a substantial lateral smoke current.

The cigarette substitute of the present invention is normally provided with a lip end portion that includes a means, such as a longitudinal passage, for conducting the Evaporated material that produces the aerosol generating agent to the corns. Conveniently, the product has the same overall dimensions as a conventional cigarette, 1 as a result, part of the lip end 1 aerosol guide extends over half the length of the product. Alternatively, the fuel element and the aerosol generating means may be manufactured without the embedded portion of the lip end 111 of the aerosol dispenser, for use with a separate portion of the lip end which 1 can be discarded.

The cigarette substitute of the present invention may also include a Batch 111 tobacco stopper that can be used to supplement the tobacco flavor with an aerosol. Preferably, the tobacco is placed on the lip end of the aerosol generating means 111 may be mixed with the carrier for the aerosol forming substance. The product can also be used to provide ml of lynx to the aerosol dispensed to the container.

Preferred Embodiments The invention is capable of delivering at least 0.6 mg of aerosol, measured as total wet particulate matter, in the first 3 fumes when smoked under an FTC smoking condition. (FTC smoking conditions consist of two seconds of smoke induction (35 ml total volume) separated by 58 seconds). Preferred embodiments of the invention can deliver 1.5 mg or more aerosols in the first 3 fumes. Most preferably, embodiments of the invention are capable of delivering 3 mg 111 more aerosols in the first 3 fumes when smoked under FTC condition

Further, preferred embodiments The invention conducts, on average, at least about 0.8 mg of total wet particulate matter per smoke for at least about 6 dlm, preferably at least about 10 dlm, under FTC smoking conditions.

The cigarette substitute of the present invention can also provide an aerosol that is bromine simple 1 consisting essentially of carbon monoxide, air, water 1 aerosol carrying any desired ml 111 other desired Evaporated material 1 quantities in trace amounts of other materials. The aerosol preferably does not have significant mutagenic activity according to the Ames assay, which has been delayed here. Furthermore, the product can be made practically ash-free, so that the user does not have to separate any ash during use.

As used herein, 1 for the purposes of this application only, the aerosol is deflated to include vapors, gases, particles 1 alike, 1 visible 1 invisible, 1 in particular those components which the user receives as smoke-like components generated by action heat From the combustible fuel cell From substances contained within an aerosol generating agent, 111 magnes in the product. Thus defined, the term aerosol also includes Evaporated Solvents 1/111 pharmacologically 111 physiologically active agents, notwithstanding that 11 produce visible aerosol.

As used herein, the phrase conductive heat exchange ratio is defined as the floccal arrangement of a fuel element aerosol generator 1 by means of conveying heat from a combustible fuel cell to a substantially aerosol generating means during combustion of the fuel element. Conductive heat exchange ratios may be arranged by placing the aerosol generating means in contact with the gorl element 1 in close proximity to the gorl element of the gorl element, 1/111 using a conductive member to transfer heat from the gorl portion to the aerosol generating means. It is desirable to use both solutions to provide conductive heat transfer.

As used herein, the term carbon is intended to encompass primarily carbon.

As used herein, the term Insulating Agent applies to all materials that act primarily as an Isolator. Preferably, these materials do not burn during use, but may contain slightly combustible carbon and similar rails. as 1 materials that condense during use, such as glass fiber quality for low temperatures. Isolators have a thermal conductivity in g-cal / fs (cm ² ) (° C / cm) of less than about 0.05, preferably less than about 0.02, most preferably less than about 0.005. See Hack's Chemical 01ctionary, 34 (4th ed., 1969) and Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 10, 272-274 (11th ed., 1973).

The cigarette substitute of the present invention is described in more detail in the accompanying drawings and in the more detailed description of the invention which follows.

Figures 1 to 9 (ordinal numbers) are longitudinal sections of various embodiments of the invention; 1A is a sectional view of the embodiment of FIG. 1, taken along the line

A-1 A of FIG. 1, FIG. 2A is a longitudinal cross-section of a modified, oblique combustion element of the embodiment of FIG. 2, FIG. 3A is a sectional view of the embodiment of FIG. 3 taken along line 3A-3A of FIG. 3, and FIG. 10 is a diagram describing the average maximum temperature profile of a cigarette substitute in one example during use.

An implementation of the invention at 51. 1, which is preferably 1 m in diameter from a conventional cigarette, includes a short, combustible carbon fuel element 10, an optional aerosol generating means 12, and a paper tube 14 coated with foil forming part 15 of the lip end of the product. U and 10 are coal for a pipe, i.e., and a portion with five openings 16 which the fuel element 10, which is long incorporated with the cigarette paper of such carbon fuel. This paper adltlvlma for burning.

In the embodiment, the fuel element is a glossy tree, which is provided with a longitudinal extension (see S1.'1A) .1A about 20 mn, may be improved to improve ignition can be treated with known

- 8 -. . The aerosol generating agent 12 includes a plurality of glass beads 20 coated with one or more aerosol forming substances, such as glycerin. The glass beads 20 are held in place by a porous disc 22, which may be made of cellulose acetate. Disc 22 may be provided with a series of peripheral grooves 24 that provide passageways between disc 22 and tube 14.

The paper tube 14 which forms part 15 of the lip end of the product surrounds the aerosol generating means 12 and the rear non-combustible end of the fuel element 10. The tube 14 also forms an aerosol conduction passage 26 between the aerosol generating means 12 and the lip 15 of the product.

The presence of a pipe 14 connecting the non-combustion end of the fuel element 10 to the aerosol generating means 12 also increases the heat transfer to the aerosol generator. The tube 14 also helps to extinguish the flame of the cone. When only a small amount of unburned fuel is left, heat loss through the foil acts as a heat-absorber, helping to extinguish the flame of the cone.

The foil used in this product is typically an aluminum foil with a thickness of 0.0089 mm, but the thickness of the 1/111 type of metal used can be varied to achieve the desired heat transfer effect. Other types of members can also be used to conduct heat, such as Grafoll, which is accessible from Union Carbide.

The product illustrated in FIG. 1 also includes an optional mass or plug of 28 tobacco to contribute to the odor of aerosols. This tobacco plug 28 may be mounted on the lip end of disk 22 as shown in FIG. 1, or may be positioned between glass beads 20 and disk 22. It may also be positioned in passage 26 at a location spaced from means 12 for aerosol generation.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the short fuel element 10 is a pressed carbon rod and a 1 plug, about 20 mm long, which is provided with an axial bore 16. Alternatively, the fuel may be formed from carbonized carbon (its fibers) and is also preferably provided with an axial passage which corresponds to aperture 16. In this real embodiment, the aerosol medium includes a thermally stable conductive carbon substrate 30, such as a porous carbon plug, which is impregnated with a substance or aerosol forming substance.

This substrate 30 may be provided with an opsonal axial passage 32, as shown in FIG. 2. This embodiment also includes a tobacco plug 28 preferably positioned at the lip end of the substrate 30. For the sake of appearance, this product also includes an optional high porosity cellulose acetate filter 34, which may be provided with peripheral grooves 36 so as to provide substance passages for aerosol formation Between filter 34 1 paper tube 14. Optionally, as shown in Fig. 2A, the ignition end 11 of the fuel element 10 may be angled to improve ignition.

The embodiment of the invention illustrated in FIG. 3 includes a short combustible carbon fuel element 10, which is connected by means 12 to generate an aerosol by means of a heat-conducting rod 99 and by a piece of paper 14 coated with foil that also leads to a portion 15 of the oral end. product. In this embodiment, the fuel element 10 may be coal for Tulu 111 pressed 11i Extruded carbon rod 111 plug 111 other Source of coal fuel.

The aerosol generating agent 12 includes a thermocycled carbonaceous substrate 30, such as a porous carbon plug, which 1 is Impregnated with a substance 111 to form an aerosol. This embodiment includes an empty space 97 Between the fuel element 10 and the substrate 30. The portion of the pipe 14 surrounding the space 97 includes a large number of peripheral openings 1OO that allow sufficient air to flow into the space 97 to provide a corresponding pressure drop.

As shown in FIGS. 3 1 3A, the heat conduction assembly includes a conductive rod 99 1 tube 14 which is coated with foil. The rod 99, preferably formed of aluminum, 1m at least one, preferably from 2 to 5, peripheral grooves96 in itself, to allow air to pass through the substrate. The advantage is that the inlet introduced into space 97 contains less oxaclonal carbon products because it is not injected through the ignited fuel.

The embodiment illustrated in FIG. 4 includes a fibrous carbon fuel element 10, such as carbonized cotton or rayon. The fuel element 10 includes an axial orifice 16.

The substrate 38 of the aerosol generator is granular, thermally stable carbon. The 28 tobacco plug is just behind the 3θ substrate ·

This product is provided with a cellulose acetate tube 40 instead of a foil-coated tube of the previous embodiments. This tube 40 includes an annular rod 42 of cellulose acetate surrounding an optional plastic, e.g., polypropylene tube 44. On the part 15 of the lip end of this element there is a low efficiency filter plug of cellulose acetate. The entire length of the product is wrapped in cigarette type paper 46. A cork or white ink coating 48 on the lip end may be used to simulate the tip. The foil strip 50 is on the inside of the paper, toward the fuel end of the product.

This strip 50 preferably extends from the back of the fuel element 10 towards the lip end of the tobacco plug 28. It may be integral with the paper or it may be a separate piece applied before folding the paper.

The embodiment of FIG. 5 is similar to that of FIG. 4. In this embodiment, the aerosol generating means 12 is formed by means of an allural macrocapsule 52 which is filled with granular substrate 111, as shown in the drawing, with a mixture of granular substrate 54 1 of tobacco 56. The macrocapsule 52 is folded at its ends 58, 60 to fit matter! 1 to inhibit aerosol formulation migration. The folded end 58, at the fuel end, preferably touches the rear end of the fuel element lOdase provides for the proper heat transfer. The blank space 62 formed by means of the end 58 also helps to inhibit the migration of the aerosol (its form) towards the fuel. Longitudinal passages 59 1 61 are provided to allow the passage of air 1 of the aerosol forming substance. The macrocapsule 52 and the fuel element 10 can be combined with the aid of conventional cigarette paper 47, as illustrated in the drawing, with the help of perforated ceramic paper 111 of foil strip. If cigarette paper is used, tape 64 near the rear end of the fuel should be printed or treated with sodium slate or other known materials that cause the paper to quench. The entire length of the product is wrapped with consonial cigarette paper 46.

Fig. 6 illustrates another embodiment having a goMvi element- 10 ύ the shape of a pressed carbon plug. In this embodiment, the fuel element 10 has an inclined end 11 for easier ignition and a recessed rear end 9 for easier insertion into the tube sheath 66 of the foil. In contact with the rear end of the fuel element 10 is an aluminum disk 68 with a central opening 70. A second, optional aluminum disk 72 with an opening 74 is located at the lip end of the aerosol generating means 12. Between is the zone of particulate substrate 76 and zone 78 of tobacco. The sheath 66 of the foil into which the fuel element 10 is imprinted extends beyond the second aluminum disk 72. This embodiment also includes a hollow rod 42 of cellulose acetate with internal polypropylene tubing 44, 1 filter plug 45 of cellulose acetate. The entire length of the article is preferably uir.otana with cigarette paper 46.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 7 Illustrates the use of substrate 80 embedded within a large cavity 82 in the fuel element 13. In this embodiment, the fuel element 10 is preferably formed of carbon carbon and the substrate 80 is typically a relatively rigid, porous material. The entire length of the product is wrapped with conventional cigarette paper 46. This embodiment may also include a foil strip 84 such that the fuel element 10 is joined.

for tube 40 of cellulose acetate 1 to assist the extinguishing of fuel. *

The embodiments shown in Figures 819 include a non-combustible insulating sheath 86 around the fuel element 10 to insulate 1 concentrate the heat in the fuel element lO.These embodiments also help to reduce some of the potentiation for Discharge

And the fires on the fuel cone.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 8, 1 fuel element 10 · t

substrate 30 is contained within the annular sheath 86 of the insulating fibers, such as ceramic (e.g., glass) fibers. Non-combustible carbon or graphite fibers may be used instead of ceramic fibers. The fuel element 10 is preferably an extruded carbon plug that has a 1 m opening 16. In the illustrated real 1zac1 j 1, the ignition end 11 extends slightly 1 to 1v1ce of the 36 easy ignition jacket. The substrate 30 is a solid porous carbonaceous material, although other tlpovl substrates may be used.

The substrate 30 and the rear of the fuel element are surrounded by a piece of S7 aluminum foil. As illustrated, this fuel / sheath substrate is mated to a portion of the lip end, as

- 12 having the elongated tube 40 of cellulose acetate shown n c drawing-v, and wrapping 46 o d conventional cigarette paper, the Sheath 86 extends towards the lip end of substrate 30, and 11 may replace the rod 42 of cellulose acetate.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 9, the alumina macro capsule 52 of the type shown in FIG. 9 is used. 5 to fit the granular substrate 54 and the tobacco plug 56. This macrocapsule52 is preferably positioned completely inside the insulating sheath 86. Further, the ignition end of the fuel element 10 does not project beyond the front end of the sheath 86. Preferably, the macrocapsule 52 and the rear portion of the fuel element are surrounded by with a piece of alumina foil in a similar manner to that shown in Fig. 8.

Alternatively, the alumina foil of the macrocapsule 52 surrounding the substrate is only wrinkled at the lip end. In such an embodiment, the back end of the fuel element 10 may be inserted into one end of the foil and a polypropylene tube may be provided over 111 in contact with the lip end of the foil. The entire assembly is wrapped with fiberglass to the diameter of a conventional cigarette.

After burning the cocoa of the foregoing embodiments, the fuel element 10 burns off the heat used to evaporate the substance 111 to form an aerosol forming substance in the aerosol generating means. These evaporated matter! and then retract towards the lip end, especially during smoke induction, 1 into the mouth of a Corlsnlk, similar to the smoke of a conventional cigarette.

Because the fuel element 10 is preferably relatively short, the hot, combustible flame cone is always close to the aerosol generating body, which maximizes heat transfer to the aerosol generating means, thus producing aerosol production, especially when using a desirable member for conducting heat. Further, the preferred Isolaclon member tends to restrict, direct, and concentrate the heat towards the central portion of the product so that the transferred heat to the aerosol forming substance increases.

Because the aerosol forming substance f1z1čk1 is separated from the fuel element, it is exposed to substantially lower temperatures than are present in the fuel flame cone. This mlnlmlra

- 13 Possibility of Terraic Degradation of Aerosol Formers: This also results in aerosol production during fume inlet, but has only small or no aerosol production during smoldering. Further, the use of desirable carbon fuel elements 1 of physically separated aerosol generating means eliminates the presence of the essential products of plolysis 111 incomplete combustion and avoids the production of an essential secondary stream of smoke.

Due to the small size and burning characteristics of the desirable carbon fuel element used in the present invention, the fuel element typically begins to burn substantially over its entire exposed length within several fumes. Thus, the part of the fuel element adjacent to the aerosol generating device becomes rapidly hot, which significantly increases the heat transfer to the aerosol generating agent, especially during the first and medium fumes. Because the fuel element is short, there is never a long compartment of fuel that does not burn to act as a heat absorber, as was previously the case with thermal aerosol products. The heat transfer and also the conduction of the aerosols are enhanced by the use of openings through the fuel, which draw hot air towards the aerosol generator, especially during the flue inlet.

In preferred embodiments of the invention, the short carbon fuel element, the heat conduction member, the insulating agent 1 passes into the fuel cooperate with an aerosol generator to provide a system that can provide substantially aerosol quantities, virtually every smoke. The close proximity of the flame cone to the aerosol generator after several fumes, together with the insulating agent, results in high heat delivery 1 during the flue inlet and during the relatively short period of smoke between the fumes.

Although we do not want to be bound by any theory, it is believed that the aerosol generating agent is maintained at a relatively high temperature between the fumes, 1 that the additional heat supplied during the fumes is significantly increased by the aperture or more openings in the fuel element, primarily used to vaporize an aerosol forming substance. This increased heat transfer enables more efficient use of affordable fuel energy, reduces the amount of fuel needed 1 assists early delivery

- 14 aerosols. Furthermore, it is believed that the conductive heat transfer used in the present invention reduces the combustion therapy of carbon fuel, which is further believed to reduce the C0 / C0 ₂ ratio in the combustion products produced by the fuel. See, e.g., S. Hagg, Beneral Inorganic Chemistry, at p. 592 (John W1lley & Sons, 1969).

Further, by appropriate selection of the fuel element, the insulating sheath of the paper cover of 1 member for heat conduction, it is possible to control 1 the combustion properties of the combustible material. This provides the ability to control the heat transfer to the aerosol generator, which in turn affects the smoke rate and / or the amount of aerosol delivered to the user.

Products of the type described herein may be used * 111 may be modified for use as drug delivery products, for the delivery of volatile pharmacologically or physiologically active materials such as ephedrine, metaproterenol, terbutaline or the like.

4Γ

A quote on the best applicant known method for economically exploiting the invention

The main combustible fuel elements that can be used in the practice of the invention are about 30 mm in length. Suitably, the fuel element is about 20 mm in length or smaller, preferably about 15 mm 111 in length. The diameter of the fuel element is between about 3 and 8 mm, preferably about 4 to 5 mm. The density of the fuel elements used varlra from about 0.5 g / cm ³ to about 1.5 g / cm ³ . Preferably the density is greater than 0.7 g / cm ³ , more preferably greater than 0.8 g / cm ³ . Preferably, the fuel is provided with one or more openings extending longitudinally, such as openings 11 in Figures 1 to 5.

These openings provide porosity and increase early heat transfer to the substrate by increasing the amount of hot gases reaching the substrate.

Preferably, the fuel elements used herein are primarily formed from carbonaceous material. Carbon fuel elements are preferably from about 5 to 15 mm, more preferably from about 8 to 12 mm in length. Carbon fuel cells having these characteristics are satisfactory for providing fuel for at least about 7 to 10 fumes, which is the normal number of dlms that are generally achieved by smoking a conventional cigarette under FTC conditions.

Preferably, the carbon content of such a fuel element is at least 60-702, most preferably at least about 0% or more, dewaxed. Great results have been achieved with fuel elements having a carbon content above about 852 percent. High carbon fuels are desirable because they produce a minimal amount of pyrolysis products and are complete with ^ -revanj ^, with little or no visible side smoke, and we rimal; amount of ash and have high heat capacity. The _four fuel elements with a n1g1m carbon content, e.g., about 50-65 percent by weight, are within the scope of the invention, especially when non-combustible inert fillers are used.

Also, although not desirable, other combustible materials may be used, such as tobacco, tobacco surrogate, and the like, provided that they generate and conduct sufficient heat to generate aerosols to produce the desired aerosol level from aerosol forming materials.

The density of used fuel should be above about C.5 g / cm ² , preferably above about δ.7 g / cm ³ , which is a fork of the densities normally used in conventional smoking products. When using such other materials, "it is preferable to include carbon in the fuel, preferably in amounts of at least about 20-40% by weight, preferably at least about 50% by weight, and most preferably at least about 65-70% by weight, while the rest is other fuel components, including a strong binder, ir.odif 1 combustion catheter, moisture, etc.

Carbon materials used in or as a preferred fuel can be derived from virtually any of a number of carbon sources. Preferably, the carbon material is obtained by plrollzoin or by carbonization of cellulosic materials such as wood, cotton, silk, tobacco, coconut, paper 1 similar, although carbon materials from other sources may be used.

(In many cases, the carbon fuel element should be capable of being ignited by a conventional cigarette lighter without the use of an oxidizing agent. The burning characteristics of this type can generally be obtained from cellulosic material which is plated at temperatures between about 4C9 ° C to about 1000 ° C. preferably between about 400 ° C and about 959 ° C in an inert atmosphere 111 under vacuum. Pyrolysis time is not believed to be critical, as long as the temperature at the center of the pitolzed mass reaches the aforementioned temperature interval in at least a few minutes. to light pyrolysis, using the temperature

- Ί3 which gradually increase over the course of a few hours produces a more uniform matter! with most of the carbon yields.

Although undesirable in many cases, carbonaceous fuel elements that require the addition of an oxidizing agent to become combustible by the use of a cigarette lighter are within the scope of the present invention, as are carbon materials that require the use of a heat retainer or modifier; combustion of another type.

The most preferred carbon fuel elements used in practicing the invention are substantially free from Jsparl's organic material. It is to be understood that the fuel element is not intentionally impregnated 111 mixed with essential amounts of Evaporated Organic Materials, such as Evaporative Aerosol Forming Agents or Flame Retardants, which could degrade the combustion fuel. However, small amounts of water can be naturally adsorbed by the fuel. Similarly, small amounts of aerosol forming substances may migrate from aerosol generating agent 1 may also be present in the fuel element.

A preferred carbon fuel element is a compressed or extruded carbon mass made of carbon and a binder, by conventional pressure forming or extrusion techniques. Preferred activated carbon for such a fuel element is PCB-S, preferred non-activated carbon is PXC, both available from Calgon Carbon Corporation, Pittsburgh, PA. Other desirable carbon for forming under pressure 1/111 expansions are made of 1 plrolled punch 111 pyrolized papers.

The binders that can be used to make such a fuel element are well known in the art. A preferred binder is sodium carboxymethylcellulose (NKMC), which can be used alone, which is desirable, or in combination with such materials as sodium chloride, vermiculite, bentonite, calcarbonate, and the like. Other useful binders include gums, such as guar gum, 1 other cellulose derivatives, such as methylcellulose 1 carboxyethylcellulose (KMC).

- 43 A wide binder concentration interval can be used. Preferably, the amount of binder is limited to minimize the contribution of the binder is an undesirable combustion product.

On the other hand, sufficient binder must be included to hold the fuel element together during production of 1 use. The amount used will thus depend on the cohesiveness of the carbon element in the fuel element.

If necessary, the fuel elements can be pyrolyzed after formation, for example, at about 6 * 10 ° C for two hours, to convert the binder into carbon to form a fuel element with practically 100% carbon.

The fuel cells may also contain one or more additives to improve combustion, such as 1 to about 5 weight percent sodium chloride, to improve the smoldering properties of 1 as a retardant. Also, up to about 5, preferably 1 to Ϊ, percent by weight of potassium carbonate may be included to improve ignition capabilities. Additives may also be used to enhance physical characteristics such as kaolin-like clay, serpentine, atapulgltl 1 -like.

Another carbonaceous fuel element is carbon fiber fuel, which can be made by carbonizing a fibrous precursor such as cotton, silk, paper, polyacrylonitrile and the like. Generally, pyrolysis at from about o50 ° C to 100d ° C, preferably at about 950 ° C, for about 30 minutes in an inert atmosphere 111 vacuum is sufficient to produce a suitable carbon fiber with good combustion properties. Combustion modifying additives may also be added to these fibrous fuels.

The aerosol generating means is physically separated from the fuel element. Physically separated means that the substrate, container or chamber containing aerosol forming materials is not mixed with, or constitutes a part of, the combustible fuel element. As indicated earlier, does this arrangement help to reduce or eliminate the terraich? degradation of aerosol forming substance and presence of lateral smoke current. Although not part of the fuel, the aerosol generating means is conductive to thermal exchange with the fuel element, and preferably touches or is close to the fuel element.

- <3 Preferably, the aerosol generating means includes one or more thermally stable materials containing one or more aerosol forming substances. As used herein, a thermal stanoyl .iiatorial is one that can withstand high temperatures, e.g., 40O ° C-6O0 ° C, which exist close to the fuel without decaying 111 combustion. The use of such material is believed to help maintain simple heiaia ^, oir, and aerosols, as demonstrated by the lack of Ames activity in preferred embodiments. Although not desirable. other aerosol generating agents, such as heat-decaying microcapsules or aerosol-forming solids, are within the scope of the invention, provided that they can release sufficient vapor to form aerosols yes)

be satisfactorily similar to tobacco.

Thermally stable materials that can be used as a substrate or carrier for an aerosol forming substance sl well known to those skilled in the art. Useful substrates should be porous and have to be capable of retaining the aerosol forming compound when not in use and capable of supporting sub-aerosol formation after heating with the aid of a fuel element.

Useful thermally stable materials include thermally stable adsorbent carbon, such as porous carbon, graphite, activated or non-activated carbon 1 similar. Other suitable materials include non-organic solids such as ceramics, glass, alumina, vermiculite, such clays as bentonite 1-like. Currently preferred substrate materials are carbon felt, fiber 1 mat, activated carbon 1 porous carbon such as PC-25 1 PG-60 which are available from Union Carbide, such as 1 SGL carbon available from Calgon.

Depending on the medium of aerosol generating agent used herein, its composition 1 configuration may generally be 1 in turn 1 so as to be a fibrous, fibrous, porous block, a solid block with one 111 multiple transitions axially extending through them, 1 similarly. Substrates, especially particulates, may be placed inside a container which is preferably formed of a metal foil.

2ΰ The aerosol generating means is generally not more than about 63 microns, preferably not more than 30 microns, most preferably more than 15 mm from the end of the burning element. The aerosol generator may vary in length from about 2 nm to about 60 mm, preferably from about 5 mm to 40 mm, and most preferably from about 20 mm to 35 nm. If a non-particulate substrate is used, it may be provided with one 111 more openings, to increase the surface area of the substrate, 1 to increase the air flow 1 of the heat transfer.

The aerosol forming substance 111 must be capable of forming aerosols at the temperatures present in the aerosol generating means when the combustion element is heated. Such substances will preferably be composed of carbon, hydrogen, 1 acid, but may include other materials. The aerosol forming substance may be in solid, semi-solid or weekly form. The boiling point of substance 1/111 of the mixture of substances can vary up to about 500 ° C. Substances that underlie these characteristics include polyhydroxyl alcohols, such as glycerin and propylene glycol, as well as aliphatic mono-, dl-111 poly-carboxylic acid esters such as methyl stearate, dodecanedioate, oimethyltetradodecandloate and others.

Preferably, aerosol forming substances include a mixture of low vapor pressure substances and high boiling points 1 high vapor pressure substances 1 low boiling points.

Also, in the first dimovitra. the low boiling point substance provides most of the initial aerosol while, when the temperature in the aerosol generator increases, the high boiling point substance supplies the largest portion of the aerosol.

Preferred aerosol-forming substances are polyhydroxyl alcohols, or mixtures of semi-hydroxyl alcohols, and particularly preferred aerosol formers are selected from glycerin, propylene glycol, trichloxyglycol or mixtures thereof.

The aerosol-forming substance may be dispersed at 11i within the aerosol generating agent at a satisfactory concentration to pass through the Or predominant substrate, the carrier 111 container. For example, an aerosol forming substance may

- 2-1 applied at full strength or in a dilute solution by immersion, spraying, vapor deposition or similar techniques, aerosol-forming solids may be mixed with substrate 1 distributed equally through the substrate prior to formation.

side by side filling of aerosol forming substance varies from carrier to carrier 1 from aerosol forming substance to aerosol forming substance, the amount of liquid aerosol forming substance may vary from about £ 0 mg to about 120 mg, preferably from about 35 mg to about 85 mg, and most preferably from about 45 mg to about 65 mg. as many aerosol generators as possible containing aerosol generating means should be administered to the user as WTPM. Preferably above about 2 wt.%, More preferably above about 15 wt.%, And most preferably above about 20 wt.% Of the aerosol shaper containing the aerosol generating agent is administered to the user as WET (wet total particulate matter).

The aerosol generating agent may also include 111 more volatile odorants such as menthol, vanilla artificial coffee, tobacco extracts, nicotine, coffee 1n 'liquids and other aerosol flavoring agents. It may also include other preferred volatile solids 111.

As noted earlier, the cigarette substitute may also include a Charles 111 tobacco plug which can be used to supplement the tobacco aroma of the aerosol. Preferably, the tobacco is placed in the lip end of the aerosol generating agent, or may be mixed with the carrier for the aerosol forming substance. Alternatively, the aromatic agents may be incorporated into the aerosol delivery product to be delivered to the user.

If a batch of tobacco is used, hot fumes are blown through the tobacco layer to extract 1 vaporized volatile component of the tobacco, without the need for combustion of the tobacco. Thus, korlsnlk produces an aerosol that contains the qualities of 1 flavor of native tobacco without the combustion product produced by a conventional cigarette.

Alternatively, these opacities may be placed between the aerosol generators 1 of the oral end, as in a separate substrate

- 12IH cucumbers in the passage leading from the means to generate aerosols to the lip, or optionally in a tobacco batch. If necessary, these volatiles may be used instead of a portion, 111 of the entire aerosol forming substance, so that the product delivers a non-aerosol odor 111 other material to the user.

A heat conduction member is typically a metal foil, such as an aluminum foil, which varies in thickness from less than about 0.01 mm to about 0.1 mm or more. The thickness and / or type of conductive material can be varied to achieve practically any desired degree of heat transfer. The heat conducting member preferably contacts or overlaps a portion of the fuel element and aerosol generating means, and may form a container that accommodates the aerosol forming substance.

Insulating members generally comprise inorganic or organic fibers such as those made of glass, aluminum oxide, silica, ceramic materials, mineral wool, carbon, slime, wrinkles, organic polymers, cellulosic materials 1 and the like, including those of these materials. Non-fibrous insulating materials may also be used, such as silicon filament aerogel, perlite, glass 1-like, formed in the form of macs, strips or other shapes. Preferably Insulating members are resilient to help stimulate the dream of a conventional cigarette. These materials act primarily as an insulating layer, holding back and directing a significant portion of the formed heat by assisting the combustion of the fuel element towards the aerosol generating means. Because the insulation runner becomes hot near the burned fuel element, to a limited extent, it can also conduct heat towards the aerosol generating means.

Currently preferred insulating materials include kerar fibers, such as 3glass fibers. These particularly preferred glass fibers are available from Mannlng Paper Company of Troy, New York under the designation Mannlglass 1000 1 Mannlglass 1290. Mostly Insulating fiber is wrapped over at least a portion of the fuel element and

-23machine other desired part of the product, up to a flnal diameter of about 7 to 8 mm. Thus, an insulation layer thickness of about 0.5 mm to 2.5 mm, preferably about 1 mm to 2 mm, is preferred. When possible, glass fiber materials having a zero softening point, e.g., below about 650 ° C, are preferred.

When the insulating agent is fibrous, it is preferable to use a barrier agent at the lip of the product. The same barrier means comprises an annular member of the efferent cellulose acetate of a large custlone that touches the fibrous insulating agent 1, which is closed, preferably at the lip end, with, for example, a tumbler to block the flow of air through the puppy.

And 'many embodiments of the invention, the fuel / aerosol generating combination will be bonded to a portion of the lip end, such as foil-coated paper,' or a cellulose / plastic acetate tube as illustrated in the figures, though a portion of the lip end of the blade is provided separately. for example, in the form of a cigarette holder. This element of the product provides a passage that channels the evaporated substance to form aerosols in the mouth of the user. Due to its length, preferably about 50 to 60 mm 111 more, it also holds a hot flame cone from the user's mouth and fingers.

Suitable portions of the lip end should be inert to the aerosol forming substances, should have a watertight inner fluid 111, should offer minimal aerosol loss by condensation 111 filtration, "1 should be able to withstand intermediate temperatures with other elemental products.p _O thieves pieces of the lip include a tube lined with foil of Figure 1-3 1 a cellulose acetate tube used in the embodiments of Figure 4-9.

Pieces of the lip of the invention may include an optional filter tip used to give the product the appearance of a conventional cigarette

- 14 filter. Such filters include cd a estet filters; low density cellulose 1 hollow or partitioned plastic filters such as those made of pellipropylene. The arsonist, the entire length of the product, or part of it, may be wrapped with cigarette paper.

The aerosol that is produced by the preferred products of the present invention is chemically simple and consists essentially of air, carbon monoxide, aerosol carrying the desired flaking agents, or other volatile volatile materials. water and quantities of other materials in the trade. The MUCH produced by the preferred products of the present invention lacks the mutagenic activity as expressed by the Ames test, ie, ₄ ppm?, A significant ratio of 2a reactions between the MUCH of the present invention 1 and

it admires the strains that occur in standard tested microorganisms that expose salt to such products. According to the proponents of the Ames test, a significant dependence on reactions? dose indicates the presence of mutagenic materials in the products tested. See Ames et al., Mut. Res., 31: 347-364 (1975), Karas et al. , Mut. Res., 42: 335 (1977).

A further advantage of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is the relative lack of ash produced during use in comparison with conventional cigarette ash. When combusting a desirable carbon source, it essentially translates into carbon oxides, with relatively little refinement of the foam, so there is no need to discard the ash while using the product.

The cigarette substitute of the present invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following examples which move beyond the understanding of the present invention * but which need not be construed as limiting it. Sv1 percentages listed here, unless otherwise * whose specified * are mass percentages. All temperatures expressed in degrees Celsius 1 are not corrected. In all cases, the cigarette substitutes have a diameter of about 7 Jo 8 mm, which is the diameter of a conventional cigarette.

Example 1

The cigarette substitute is constructed according to the embodiment of Figure 1.

The fuel element was a 25 mm long section of coal for a pipe, for five longitudinal passes of 1.02 mm made by drill No. 60.

Coal weighed 0.375 g. The fuel element was coated with conventionally treated cigarette paper. The substrate was 500 mg of 1.63 mm diameter beads having two drops, approximately 50 mg, of glycerol refined on their surface. When packed into the tube, this substrate was about 6.5 mm long. The foil-coated tube consisted of a 0.0089 mm aluminum foil layer inside a 0.108 mm white spiral wrapped paper layer. This tube surrounded the back end of the 5mm fuel element. A short (8 mm) portion of cellulose acetate for four grooves around the periphery was used to hold the ethanol beads against the fuel source. An additional grooved 8mm cellulose acetate filter is inserted into the lip end of the tube to give the appearance of a conventional cigarette. The total length of the product was about 70 mm.

Products of this type delivered significant aerosol on ignition, reduced aerosol volumes during fumes 2 and 3, and delivered aerosol well on fumes 4 to 9. Models of this type generally gave about 5-7 mg of MUCH when the machine was smoking according to PTC procedures. smoking ea with a volume of smoke of 35 ml, for the duration of smoke 2 si with a frequency of smoke of 60 8¼

Example 2

A · Four smoking products have been constructed with pressed carbon »fuel cells 10 mm long and with glass bead substrates. The fuel elements are formed of 90% PCB-G 1 10% NKMC, with about 2723 kg of applied load and ea a notched firing end as illustrated in FIG. 2A. One 1.02 mm hole is formed down from the center of each element. Three of the four fuel sources were wrapped with 8mm wide strips of conventional cigarette paper. Insert fuel elements into approximately 2 mm into a 70 mm long section of tube lined with foil

- It as described in Example 1. Glass beads, coated with the amount indicated in the following table, were inserted into the open end of the foil-coated orifice and held against the fuel element by means of 5 frames of long foamed polypropylene filters having a series of peripheral grooves extending longitudinally. A 5mm long filter of low efficiency cellulose acetate was inserted into the lip end of each product. These products were machine-smoked under FCT smoking conditions and MUCH was collected on a Cambridge pad series. The results of these experiments are listed in Table I.

TABLE I

Glass beads (mass) Former aerosols (mass) MUCHM (mg) / Fumes 1-3 4-6 7-9 10-12 OK A 400.4 mg 40.5 mg 8.1 4.5 0.9 0 13.5 B * 405.6 mg 59.4 mg 10.2 1.9 0.7 0 12.8 C 404.0 mg 60.6 mg 7.6 6.9 0.4 0 14.9 D 803.8 mg 81.0 mg 5.9 2.5 3.7 0.9 13.0 * Gorlvl stick there is no bios in this product wrapped with cigarette paper.

B. Three smoking products similar to those described in Example 2A were constructed with a fuel element having a 20 lb. duflu type carbon tube as described in Example 1 · These products were machine-smoking under FTC smoking conditions, and MUCH was collected on a series of Cambridge pads. The results of these tastes are listed in Table II.

TABLE II

Glass Aerosol Bead Shaper (Mass) (Mass)

E 402.4 mg 60.6 mg

1-3

0.1

MUCHM. (fflg) / DifflOVl

4-6 7-9 10-12 Overall

5.4 6.2 0.6 12.3

F * 404.7 mg 63.1 mg

0.5

0.9 2.2 3.1

7.0

G 500.0 mg 50.0 mg

0.3

2.9 3.0 0

6.2 * The Gorley stick in this product was not wrapped in cigarette paper

- 24 Example 3

A. The four smoking products are constructed as shown in Figure 2 aa with a carbon top element of 10 mm of pressed carbon having a tapered ignition end as illustrated in FIG. 2A. The fuel element is made of 90% PCB-G carbon and 10% NKMC, with a load of about 2273 kg. A 1.02 mm hole is drilled down the center of the element. The eupatrate for the aerosol shaper was dissected and machined to form lz PC-25, a porous carbon sold by Union Carbide Corporation, Danbury, CT. The substrate in each product was about 2.5 winters long and about a mm in diameter. It is filled with an average of about 27 mg of a 1: 1 mixture of propylene glycolglycerol. A portion of the lip end of the foil lined tube, the same type as ee used in Example 1, surrounded the last 2 mm of the fuel element and substrate. a Burley tobacco stopper, about 100 mg, was placed against the lip end of the substrate. A short, about 5-9 mm, barrier polypropylene filter was inserted into the lip end of the tube lined with foil. A cellulose acetate filter, 32 mm long with a hollow polypropylene tube in the interior, was placed between the tobacco and the filter. The total length of each product was. is about 78 mm.

B. Six additional products were constructed essentially as in Example 3A, but the length of the substrate was increased to 5 mm and an opening of 1.02 mm was drilled through the substrate. Furthermore, these products did not have a cellulose / polypropylene acetate tube. About 42 mg of proplenglycol-glioerol was applied to eupetrate. Further, they use ee two plugs of Burley tobacco, about 100-150 mg each. The first was placed against the lip end of the substrate and the second against the filter.

C. the four complementary products are designed essentially as in Example 3A, except that a plug of approximately 100 mg of tuberculosis vulcanized tobacco containing about 6 meat percent of diammonium monohydrogen phosphate umeato plug of Burley tobacco is used.

D. The smoking products of Example 3A-C were tested using the standard Ames test. See Ames, et al., Mut. Res., 31: 347-364 (1975), as modified by Nagas et al., Mut. Ras., 42: 335 (1977), and 113: 173-215 (1983). Samples 3A 1 C su Dried, conventional j mašlni cigarette smoking conditions utilizing uelova to close an _nu smoke than 35 ml, for the time duration of the smoke of two seconds, and with udestanost entrain dlmova 30 eekunai 'for ten diraova.

The smoking products of Example 3B were smoked except in the same way

Which is the used 60mm second dlm feed rate.

This gave the following MSME for the specified product group:

Wet total particulate matter

Example

Example

Example

3A

3B

3C

63.4 mg 50.6 mg 69.2 mg

The filter lobes for each of the above examples containing the collected MUCH were stirred for 30 minutes in DMSO to dissolve the MUCH. each sample was then diluted to a concentration of 1 mg / ml and used as such in the Amee test. Using the procedure of Nagas et al., Mut. Really.

42 «335-342 (1977), concentrations of 1 mg / ml MSM are mixed with

S-9 activation system, plus with the standard Arne? bacterial sections, incubated at 37 ° C for 20 minutes. The bacterial strain used in this Amee test was Salmonella typhimurlum,

TA 98. See Purchase et al., Nature, 264: 624-627 (1976). Then the agar was added to the mixture and the fruits were made. The agar fruits were incubated for two days at 37 ° C. 1 of the cultures obtained are ee counted. Four fruits were glued for each dilution and the standard deviations of the colonies were compared against the pure DMSO control culture. As shown in Table III, it does not respect the MUTM-induced mutagenic activity obtained from any of the tested smoking products. This can be established by comparing the average number of wild strains per fruit with the prosodic number of wild strains obtained from the control (0 ug MUCH / Fruit). Just mutagenic samples, average: the number of divisive strains per fruit increased with increased doses.

2l9

TABLE III

Example 3A S.D. * Dose (ug MUCH / plate) Average Wild Strains / Plate Control 0 49.3 3.4 33 51.3 9.1 66 50.5 7.0 99 50.8 5.2 132 51.5 5.3 165 53.8 10.1 198 48.3 4.6 Example 3B Dose (ug MUCH / Panel) Average wild strains / Plate S.D. » Control 0 56 10.5 31.5 40 7.8 63 48.3 6.3 94.5 54.0 8.4 126 39 4.7 157.5 42.5 9.3 189 43 9.1 Example 3C Dose (ug MUCHMykey) Average Wild Strains / Plate S.D. * Control 0 48.3 5.7 36 50.3 9.9 72 49.0 3.9 108 55.3 4.5 144 43.0 6.4 180 42.3 8.8 216 44.3 7.8 * Standard deviation

Example 4

Five smoking products were constructed as shown in Figure 2. Each product had a fuel source of 10 mm of pressed carbon as described in Example 3A. This fuel element was inserted 3 mm into one end of a 70 mm long aluminum foil tube of the type described in Example 1. A 5 mm carbon felt base, cut from the carbon fiber region shell sold by Fiber Materiale, Inc., is said to be touches fuel source · This substrate is filled with an average of about 97 mg of a 1: 1 mixture of glycerin and proplenglycol, about 3 mg of nicotine and about 0.1 mg of a mixture of odorants. A portion of the 5 mm long tobacco mixture is in contact with the lip end of the substrate. 5mm long filter from

-36 Acetate of cellulose is placed in the lip end of the tube, which is foliated.

These products are machine-blown under FTC conditions. Aerosol from these products was collected on a single Cambridge still (133.3 mgMUCM), diluted in DHSO to a final concentration of 1 mgMUCM per ml, and tested for Arne activity as described in Example 3D by corfilming each of the following strains : Salmonella typhlmurlum TA 1535, 1537, 1538, 98 and 100. As shown in Table ZV there is no called mutagenic activity based on the MSM collected from the tested products.

TABLE IV

TA 1535

Dose * Proyear dlvljl of soybeans!

Control 0 16 25 13 50 14 75 17 100 14 125 13 150 12 TA 1538

Dose * Cross sectional dlvljl of soybeans!

Control 0 15 25 13 50 22 75 16 100 20 125 19 150 19

Dose * TA 1537 A pro-wild wild soybean! Control 0 14 25 13 50 14 75 11 100 13 125 13 150 14 TA 98 Dose * Average! wild soybeans! Control 0 61 25 62 50 47 75 42 100 44 125 39 150 40

TA 100

Dose * Proeeic wild strains Control 0 110 25 109 50 105 75 99 100 107 125 108 150 109

* Ug MUCH / Panel

Example 5

The product is made as shown in the illustration. 2 aa with a 10 mm fuel cap of pressed carbon having the configuration shown in Fig. 2A but without tobacco. The fuel element is made of emefie 90% PCB-G activated carbon and 10% NKMC as a binder at an applied load of 2273 kg.

The fuel element is provided with a longitudinal passage of 1.02 mm. The substrate was a 10 mm long porous carbon plug made from Union Carbide PC-25. It was provided with a 0.74 mm drilled axial bore and filled with 40 mg (1x1) of emefie propylene glycol and glycerol. The tube lined with foil, as in Example 1, surrounded the last 2 mm of the gorl element and formed part of the lip end. The product did not have a filter tip but was wrapped with conventional cigarette paper. The total length of the product was 80 mm.

The average maximum temperatures for this product are shown as 1 for smoke inlet and for smoker on Shilka 10. As shown, temperatures fall steadily between the back end of the upper element 1 of the lip end. This ensures that the user does not feel an unpleasant sensation of combustion when using the product of the present invention.

Example 6

The smoking article was constructed according to the embodiment of Figure 3. The fuel element was a 19 mm long piece of coal for the pipe, with no longitudinal passages. The fuel cell is embedded with a 15mm aluminum itap of 3.2mm diameter, 28mm long. Four grooves periphery measuring 9 mm x 0.64 mm, 90 ° apart, cut into the portion of the aluminum rod that buffers the substrate. The substrate was 8 mm Union Carbide PC-25 carbon. The slack in the aluminum rod of the protezall are about 0.5 mm behind the end of the substrate towards the fuel. The substrate was filled with 150 mg of glycerol. The tube lined with foil, which was the same as in Primeur 1, surrounded part of the back end of the gorl element. There is a gap between the non-combustible end of the fuel element and the substrate. A series of openings were cut through a tube lined with foil in this gap region to allow air flow. A similar smoking product is constructed with a gorlvlm press of carbon.

- 31 Example 5

The firing product is constructed as shown in FIG. 4 with carbonized carbon fiber fuel source, the four cotton sleeves are tightly pressed together with a cotton thread to form a rope about 10.2 mm in diameter. This material is placed in a furnace with a nitrogen atmosphere heated to 950 ° C. It took about 1.5 hours to reach that temperature, which was then maintained for 0.5 hours. A 16 mm piece of this pyrolysed material was cut to be used as a fuel element. An axial opening 16 of 2 mm was made through the probe element. The fuel element is inserted 2 mm into a tube lined with a 20 mm long film of the type described in Example 1. 100 mg Union Carbide PC-25, in granular form, containing 60 mg of 1: 1 mixture of propylene glycol glycerol, is inserted into a tube lined with foil. A 5 mm long tobacco plug, about 60 mg, is located directly behind the granular substrate in a tube lined with foil. 46 mm cellulose acetate ring tube with inner diameter polypropylene tube

4.5 mm is inserted about 3 mm into the tube lined with foil. A second 50 mm film coated tube is inserted through the cellulose acetate oevl until it touches a 20 mm long film coated tube. The total length was 84 frames. When ignited, this product leaked a substantial amount of aerosol during the first 6 tobacco-flavored fumes.

Example 8

A creep product was constructed as shown on 81 &apos; 5 with a 15 mm long porous fuel element substantially similar to that described in Example 7. The macrocapsule 52 was formed by a 15 mm long piece of 0.10 mm thick aluminum foil that is wrinkled to form a 12 mm long capsule. This macro-capsule is loosely filled with 100 mg of granulated PC-60, carbon obtained from Union Carbide 1 50 mg of mixed tobacco. Granular carbon was impregnated with 60 mg of a 1: 1 mixture of propylene glycol and glycerol. The macrocapsule, fuel element, and portion of the end region are unified with an 85 mm long piece of conventional cigarette paper.

-33Example 9

The buffing product is constructed according to the embodiment of FIG. The 6 mm 6 owes to the top of the pressed carbon element containing 90% PXC carbon and 10% NKMC. The longitudinal passage was 1.02 mm in front. This fuel plug was inserted into a 17 mm long tube lined with aluminum foil so that 3 mm of the fuel element was inside the tube. The 0.089 mm aluminum foil disc, with a 1.24 mm center front opening, is inserted into the other end of the tube and placed so that it touches the end of the fuel source.

Union Carbide PG-6O carbon is granulated and seeded to a solid delide of -6 to +10 'blend. 80 mg of this material is used as the substrate, and 80 mg of a 1: 1 mixture of glycerin and propylene glycol is filled onto this substrate. The impregnated granules are embedded in the foil tube and lean against the foil disc at the end of the Fuel Source. 50 mg of mixed tobacco is loosely placed against the substrate granules. A supplementary foil disk with a central hole of 1.24 mm is inserted into the tube with foil at the lip of the tobacco end. A long rod of cellulose acetate with a hollow polypropylene tube as obsd. Another tube lined with foil. is inserted through a rod of cellulose acetate toward the end of a 17 mm tube lined with foil.

This product delivered 11.0 mg of aerosol in the first three smokes when smoked under FTS conditions. Total aerosol delivery for nine fumes was 24.9 mg.

Example 10

The firing product having the fuel element and the substrate configuration of FIG. 7 make use of. 15 mm long ring carbon element with pressed carbon with an inner anterior of about 4 mm and an outer diameter of about 8 mm. The fuel was made from 90% PCB-G activated carbon and 10% NKMC. The substrate was a 10 m long piece formed of Union Carbide PC-25 carbon with an outside diameter of about 4 mm. The substrate, filled with 55 mg of 1: 1 mixture of glycerin / propylene glycol, is inserted into the end of the fuel stopper towards the lip end of the product. The fuel / substrate combination was inserted 7 mm into a 70 mm tube lined with foil that had a short oeluose acetate filter at the oral end. The length of the product was about 77 mm. ":

The product delivered essential quantities of aerosols after the first three fumes, and throughout the useful life of the fuel element.

Example 11

The modified version of the smoking product of Figure 9 is made as follows: a 9.5 mm long carbon fuel source with a diameter of 4.5 mm and with a longitudinal passage of 1 mm diameter is displaced from a mixture of 10% NKMC, 5% potassium carbonate 1 85% carbonated paper mixed with 10 % water. The mixture had the consistency of the dough and was batched into an extruder. The extruded material was cut to a certain length after drying at 80 ° C overnight. The macrocapsule is made of a 22mm long piece of aluminum mind 0.0089mm thick formed into a cylinder of 4.5mm inner diameter. The macrocapsule is filled with (a) 70 mg vermiculite containing 50 mg 1 * 1 mixture of proplenglcolol and glycerin, and (b) mg Burley tobacco to which 6% glycerin and 6% propylene glycol are added. The fuel source and the macrocapsule are epoched by inserting a fuel source about 2 mm into the end of the macrocapsule. 35 mm long polypropylene tube of 4.5 mm inner diameter is inserted into the other end of the macrocapsule. The fuel source, macro capsule and polypropylene tube are connected to form a 65 mm 4.5 mm diameter segment. This segment is wrapped with several layers of Manniglas 1000 by Manning Paper Company until it reaches a 14.7 mm diameter, the unit is then combined with 5 mm long cellulose acetate filters and wrapped with cigarette paper. When smoked under PTC use, the product delivered 8 mg MUCH 'during the initial three smokes; 7 mg MUCH 'during fumes 4-6; and 5 mg MUCH during fumes 7-9. The total aerosol delivery for 9 fumes was 20 mg. When placed horizontally on a piece of tissue paper, the product did not burn or even burn tissue tissue.

For

R.J.REYNOLDS TOBACCO COMPANY:

- 3> 5 -

Claims (10)

PATENT REQUIREMENTS Cigarette substitute, characterized in that the end of the paper tube (14) is connected to, by means of openings (16), a carbon fuel element (10) in front of which is fitted, with a peripherally grooved groove (24), a boundary blank disk (22). ), and an aerosol generating means (12) is provided between them, behind which a tobacco plug (28) is disposed behind the disk (22), which is separated by a hollow passage (26) from the free portion (15) of the lip end of the tube (14). The cigarette substitute of claim 1 and the variant And characterized in that, between the longitudinal orifice (16), the carbon fuel element (10) and the tobacco plug (28), is provided, with a longitudinal passage (32), an aerosol generating means, which comprises, with substance or aerosol forming substances, an impregnated, thermally stable conductive carbon substrate (30), with a peripheral groove (36) inserted into the free portion (15) of the lip end of the tube (14), a filter (34). Cigarette substitute according to claim 2, characterized in that the combustible end (11) of the fuel element (10) is oblique. Cigarette substitute according to claim 1 and variants II, characterized in that the carbon fuel element (10) and, relative to the latter, are separately mounted with a thermally stable carbon substrate (30), the means (12) are interconnected via a central, metal tubular rod (99), wherein the end of the rod (99) in the substrate (30) comprises axial grooves (96), and there are inlet openings (100) in the area of space (97) between the element (10) and the means (12) in the paper tube (14). Cigarette substitute as claimed in claim 1 III, characterized in that, from cellulose acetate, the tube (40) is surrounded by a fibrous carbon fuel element (10), a granular, thermally stable carbon substrate (38) and a tobacco plug (28), wherein the plug (28) is a substrate ( 38) and a portion of the fuel element (10) surrounded by a foil strip (50), and which is between the tobacco plug (28) and the filter plug (45) housed in the tube (40) at the portion (15) of the lip end around the plastic tube (44) ), housed, of cellulose acetate, annular rod (42). Cigarette substitute according to claim 5 and variants IV, characterized in that between the fuel element (10) and the annular rod (42) a macrocapsule (52) surrounds the granular substrate (54) and the tobacco (56), in which they are in the macrocapsule (52) and in co-existence with the opening (16) ) of the element (10) and the passage (26) of the plastic tube (44) of the annular rod (42), the arranged passages (59, 61), and having the assembly of the element (10) and the macrocapsules (52) along the whole axial dimension surrounded by paper (47) ). Cigarette substitute according to claims 3, 5 and 6 and variant V, characterized in that the foil tube sheath (66) surrounds the back of the fuel element (10) and the assembly of the particulate substrate (76) and the tobacco zone (78), wherein is a substrate 37 (76) separated from the element (10) by the disk (68) and the tobacco zone (78) by the annular rod (42) by the disk (72). A cigarette substitute according to any one of claims 1 to 7 and a variant VI, characterized in that, with a porous substrate (80) imprinted into the central width (82), the fuel element M '(10) touches the annular rod (42), with a portion of the element (10) and the rod (42) surrounded by a foil strip (84). A cigarette substitute according to any one of claims 1 to 8 and variant VII, characterized in that between the assembly of the fuel element (10) and the substrate (30) is surrounded by a piece (87) of aluminum foil on one side and an outer paper wrapper (9). 46), on the other side, housed a non-combustible insulating jacket (86). A cigarette substitute according to claim 9 and variant VIII, characterized in that the insulating sheath (86) extends from the flammable end (11) to the filter plug (45) on the portion (15) of the lip end. For R.J.REYNOLD TOBACCO C0MPANY: 2O176-VIII-89 / LZ The invention relates to a smoking product that produces an aerosol that is similar to tobacco smoke but contains only a minimal amount of incomplete combustion or pyrolysis products. Preferred embodiments of the smoking product include a short carbon fuel element, a thermally stable substrate that * carries an aerosol forming substance, a thermal conductive member that contacts a portion of the fuel element, and a substrate and insulation enclosure that surrounds at least a portion of the fuel element. The proposed smoking product can provide an aerosol smoke that is chemically simple and consists essentially of air, carbon monoxide, water 1 aerosol that carries the maca's desired maryl substance or other desired evaporated material. Aerosol smoke from preferred embodiments has no significant mutagenic activity as measured by the Ames assay. Further, the product can be made to be practically ash-free so that the user does not have to separate the ash during use.