SI22415A - Procedure for the manufacture of construction elements consisting of machined pieces, assembled with the help of wedge links and a device for the implementation of this procedure - Google Patents

Abstract

The procedure for the manufacture of longitudinal workpieces assembled with the help of wedge-shaped workpiece links, consists of a workstation (1'') in which the processing unit (14) is adapted for frontal and lateral milling of the current pair of wooden workpieces in the form of panels mutually set apart for the application of glue to such a manufactured wedge linking profile, and for combining both workpieces as well as a profile press (3) attached in the flow- direction (2), which is equipped for batch pressing of a batch of combined workpieces from a profile consisting of several workpieces. By the feeding displacements, which are every time located on both sides of the clamping columns (6, 7) being distributed - looking in the flow direction (2) - before and after the working area of the processing unit (14), such a movement of the joined profile is adapted to the pressing position in the profile press (3) which is designed exclusively as a thrusting movement.

Description

A process for the manufacture of construction elements consisting of workpieces composed by means of wedge joints and a device for carrying out this process

The invention relates to a method corresponding to the introductory part of claim 1. The invention further relates to a device for performing this process after the introductory part of claim 4.

Joining the ends of relatively short pieces of timber in the form of beams, sticks or boards to produce elongated, for example, building elements that can be used in high-rise construction in the form of wedge-jointing is a well-known process that, inter alia, that the building blocks of reproducible quality are obtained despite the material's inherent material and structural inhomogeneities that cannot be avoided, as well as the corresponding dimensions. For this purpose, the workpieces for which the further processing of flawless parts is concerned, are provided on one side with complementary joint profiles, through which a bond is formed after application of the adhesive, as a rule, by bonding and pressing.

DE 203 03 629 Ul is a known wedge-jointing device in which the milling unit is vertically movable in a gap between two tables serving supports and transporting wooden workpieces by means of slides on the mast, with the slots being located on either side of the slot. one clamping device for fixing workpieces. In the direction of the workpiece flow, viewed from the side with a counter rotating, about half the width of the joint axially offset spaced milling tool, the milling unit runs through the slot between the cutter passage from the bottom up and the sled is further horizontal, ie. movably spaced out of slot. The complete milling cycle is therefore characterized by starting from the workpiece to be machined, from a starting position with forward motion to a position above the workpiece plane, with subsequent horizontal movement from the slot, with vertical movement to a height corresponding to the starting position , and back to the starting position with the leading horizontal movement. Immediately after the milling, the adhesive is applied in the area of the fabricated joint profiles, whereby the assembly as well as the compression in maintaining the tension state is achieved by moving the other clamping device in this direction in a displaced position. With this known device, they form a single duty cycle of insertion of workpieces into the work area, positioning, milling cycle including adhesive application, assembly as well as compression of compound workpieces.

DE 29 20 755 Al is known for a wedge coupling device in which, in the gap between the first and second conveyor tables on the guide column, together, a vertically movable milling unit and an adhesive application unit above it, the guide column being further horizontally movable . The process of milling and adhesive application on two wooden workpieces, held at a distance from one another, is carried out in this slot formed by the first workstation by moving the milling unit from top to bottom through the slot, leaving the workpiece-milled and glued workpieces they are then led to another workstation equipped to assemble and compress workpieces. The second workstation consists of a first movable hydraulic clamping device in the upstream direction and a second in the downstream direction. Laying and laughing of workpieces in both workstations is done by hand only in a straight line without rotation, turning and the like, and this well-known device is designed especially with a view to reducing the costs associated with the machine.

From DE 20 2004 010 298 Ul, a further wedge-joining device is known in which the milling unit moves to the workstation, representing the gaps between the two flush-mounted blades, due to the milling process on the front sides of two wooden workpieces held at a distance from each other. tables vertically from the starting position below the workpieces from the bottom up, with the adhesive unit being held horizontally movable on the underside of the milling unit in the guide. On both sides of the slot, there is one first and one second clamping device for the workpieces to be machined, as well as one first and one second arrangement of the rollers for moving. On the opposite side of the milling unit, viewed in the direction of the workpiece flow, at their upper end region, there are restrictions against which the workpieces are directed by the arrangement of the displacement rollers in order to show their machining position in the workstation. By having the vertical movement of the milling unit directly related to that of the adhesive application unit, the milling head can be lifted further after completion of bonding and assembly and pressing of workpieces in the workstation can then commence.

An essential feature of these known wedge jointing devices, insofar as they involve the joining of milling, adhesive application and assembly in one workstation, is that the bonding and pressing processes are carried out directly one after the other. Therefore, during the compression time, operations that are ahead of the workpiece, such as alignment, clamping, etc., cannot be introduced into the workstation, since it is necessary to first remove the workpieces from the workpiece. This circumstance adversely affects the cycle times that can be achieved. The milling process often leads to tearing or tearing or milling, depending on the quality of the wood material used, the type of wood and the orientation of the wood structure depending on the direction of receipt of the milling tool in the tool exit area. This can lead to the fact that both damaged workpieces must be discarded and unsuitable for further processing.

In view of the foregoing, it is an object of the invention to design the process of the species initially described in a simple manner with regard to more economical operation. The task of such a process is solved by the characteristics of the characteristic part of claim 1.

The essence of the invention is thus the sequence of work steps in which the front-end milling and assembly workflows are combined, using a profile press, which - viewed in the direction of the workpiece flow - is positioned behind the workstation. In addition, it is essential that the profile press is pressed at the same time as all front-folded workpieces.

It is therefore a process that takes place in two subsequent stations, simultaneously compressing all the workpieces to produce a construction element consisting of a wedge joint of several workpieces, compared to the state of the art in which the milling operations are presented initially , assembling and compressing each wedge joint together can achieve shorter cycle times for the construction of the construction element.

It is envisaged that a single-sided assembly consisting of a multi-workpiece-shaped profile during transfer from a workstation to a profile press, namely a transport movement that must be designed continuously in accordance with lengths and the number of workpieces, maintain the composite state intact to the features of claim 2, that movement is introduced solely as a thrust movement. Compound workpiece connectivity is thus ensured.

The milling process device according to the characteristics of claim 3, such that the milling tool passes through the workpiece from the top down, has the advantage that at least the workpiece can be torn or cut in the surface area when properly supported.

It is further an object of the invention to design a device in the beginning of the described manner in a simple structural structure with a view to a more economical operation. This task is solved with such a device having the characteristics of the characteristic part of claim 4.

The essence of the invention is therefore in the arrangement of the workstation and the profile press one after the other in the direction of the flow of workpieces that participate in the synchronized manufacturing process, in the sense that the workpieces coming into the inlet region of the device, one by one, are assembled through frontal wedge joints into larger, generally elongated building elements. The two components, namely the workstation and the profile press, are thus interconnected in accordance with the material flow, and on the outlet side with respect to the profile press, the workpieces are interconnected through wedge joints, which, according to the number and length of the workpieces they represent larger building blocks. The workstation is equipped for one-sided milling, for applying glue, usually adhesive, to milled profiles, as well as for glue-coated profiles, while the profile press is equipped for group pressing of all of several workpieces of a building element. The device is thus also designed for continuous movement of initially only a composite, multi-workpiece-shaped profile, the feeder movement being designed as a purely propulsive movement, so that the connection of the workpieces of the profile during transfer to the profile press, in particular in the pressing position, does not threaten.

In accordance with the characteristics of claim 5, the clamping towers located each in front of and behind the workstation are used for fixing the workpiece in the work position in the workstation.

According to the features of claims 6 and 7, the first clamping tower in this direction, as well as the opposite direction, is movably disposed in this direction so that, in conjunction with the further clamping tower in the outlet region of the profile press, the pressing process can be presented from several workpieces of a standing profile held by both these clamping towers. The movable clamping tower for this movement may in principle be of any kind. Depending on the purpose, the hydraulic drive is suitable.

The clamping towers are equally yours, with the proper gripping mechanism corresponding to the characteristics of claim 8 as a drive element being assigned a piston-cylinder unit which can be hydraulically actuated.

Along the profile press, side guides extend in accordance with the features of claim 9, the lateral position of which is - adjustable perpendicularly to the direction of flow - configurable. This side guide can also be joined by bulky side guides, which are adjustable in the direction from the profile away in such a way that the composite profile moves forward to the profile press under all-round guidance.

The features of Claims 10 to 12 target forward movements located on each side of each workstation clamping tower and can be driven individually. In this way, forward displacements can always be controlled in such a way that the forward movement of the profile is always designed as a propulsion movement, and in particular to avoid pulling the load of only compound, not yet compressed, connections.

The features of claims 13 and 14 aim to accommodate a processing unit that carries, among other things, milling tools. In each case, it is vertically and horizontally movable in a plane extending in a direction perpendicular to the flow. To this end, sledges are provided for the development of horizontal movement, but which are vertically movable. Each of these motions has a drive that can be independently controlled so that in the stroke of the milling, adhesive and assembly processes taking place in the workstation, the machining unit can run in said plane cyclically along the closed curve.

The features of claim 15 aim to further specify the processing unit. At its lower end it is equipped with restraints designed to position the workpieces in their working position, namely in the direction of the workpiece flow and in the opposite direction. When the top-down milling process takes place, the arrangement of the nozzles serving the adhesive application is located at the upper end of the processing unit.

According to the features of claims 16 and 17, one of the two restraints located on the underside of the processing unit is movably disposed in the direction of flow or in the opposite direction by means of the actuator. This limiter can therefore be used to perform the workpiece shift function that must be adjusted in the machining position.

In accordance with the features of claims 18 and 19, the workstation provides a strip of lath which performs a supporting function on the workpiece and in addition contributes to the avoidance of tearing in the area of surface or creep which can be attributed to the milling process. These strips are positioned between the active, supporting function in the running position and the inactive or retractable position, particularly rotatable, so that the assembly process of the workpieces is not hampered by these moldings.

All actuators or actuators are in accordance with the characteristics of claim 20 in a working relationship with the parent control, through which, in the framework of the device, an ongoing process of manufacturing elongated building elements consisting of individual workpieces assembled by means of wedge joints is coordinated.

The invention will now be explained in greater detail below with reference to an embodiment illustrated schematically in the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 shows a first partial view of the wedge coupling device of the invention in perspective view.

Figure 2 shows a second partial view of the wedge coupling device of the invention in perspective view.

Figure 3 shows a perspective view of an enlarged partial view III of the wedge coupling device of Figure 1.

Figure 4 shows a perspective isolated view of the bottom processing unit of the wedge coupling device of Figure 1.

Figure 5 shows a perspective enlarged isolated representation of the detail V views of Figure 4.

Figure 6 shows a perspective enlarged isolated representation of the workpiece to be machined in the inlet portion of the workpiece of the wedge-joining device according to the figure

1.

Figure 7 shows a cross-sectional view of the wedge-joining device in the cross-section plane VII-VII of Figure 3.

In the following, we first refer to the presentations of Figures 1 to 3, which illustrate the wedge-joining device of the invention in its entirety. It generally consists of a device

I for milling, to which - in the direction of the 2 workpiece streams to be machined - is connected by a profile press 3. For example, the workpieces appear as flat pieces of wood in the form of a board. Both components, namely the milling device 1 and the profile press 3, are characterized by the “and 3” frame of the machine forming the common plane of workpiece transport.

The workpieces are fed individually at the milling unit 4 position one after the other in the manner to be described below, positioned at the milling machine workstation 1, undergo a machining process, and finally leave the machine at the 5 site in the form of oblong, from several interconnected workpieces of composite building blocks.

The milling device 1 is characterized by two offset clamping columns 6, 7, located on each side of workstation 1, which are each intended to fix in the machining position a directed workpiece with respect to the milling process that follows. For this purpose, each clamping tower 6, 7 is provided with a piston-cylinder unit 8, 9, through which the clamping pressure is introduced and is applied via a pressure shoe 10,

II (Fig. 3), located above the workpiece, transmits to it. The 8, 9 piston cylinder units are in conjunction with the non-pictorial connection with the hydraulic or pneumatic supply of the pressure medium. In this connection, the pivoting shoe 10, 11, in each connection, is designated one vertically opposite workpiece, a moving structural member.

The machine frame približno is provided with a vertically extending hole 12 in the approximately central region, representing a workstation to which a vertical guide frame 13 is displaced in a direction transverse to said direction 2 of the flow direction. This serves to further clarify the representation of the vertical and horizontal displacements of the forward processing unit 14, which carries, inter alia, milling tools.

In the direction of flow 2, a pair of stacked cylinders 15, 16 are arranged above each other before and behind the clamping tower 6, of which the upper cylindrical roller bearing can be driven by the actuator 17, 18 in each of the press shoes 10. the forward rollers 19 are located in the direction of the 2 flow in front of the clamping tower 7 and are connected to the drive 20. The respective lower rollers of this forward roller arrangement determine the transport plane for the workpiece.

By 21, a forward displacement arrangement consisting of two cylindrical cylinders, both connected to the actuator, are indicated in the direction of flow behind the clamping tower 7. To accommodate different workpiece heights, the top roller can be adjusted in height.

Seen in direction 2 of the flow to the forward displacement 21, the directly connected profile press 3 is characterized by a rectilinear longitudinal lateral guide 22 and more by uniform spacings of the provided rectangular guide elements 23.

The end of the profile press 3 on the outlet side is formed by a further clamping tower 24, which is similar to the clamping columns 6, 7 and provided with a piston-cylinder unit 25, which must be actuated hydraulically or pneumatically. At the same time, position 5 is positioned to move forward to exit completed, multi-workpiece composite elements.

In Figures 4 to 7, the functional elements corresponding to those in Figures 1 to 3 are also numbered appropriately, so that we can renounce this multiple description in this regard.

Figures 4 and 5 show, inter alia, a machining unit 14, which comprises, inter alia, a housing 26 in which milling tools, not shown in the figure, are rotatably mounted on mutually parallel, horizontally extending beams 27, 28. Milling tools adapted for producing a self-known joint profile in both front faces of two workpieces lying in workpiece 1 with one another in relation to each other, are mounted on beams 27, 28 in proportion to the half joint division axially movable so that formed by two joints facing each other, they can be assembled into one another only by a linear movement of movement. Shafts 27, 28 can also be driven vertically offset and rotated in opposite directions.

A drive unit 29 is connected to the housing 26, and in particular to the shafts 27, 28, through an area not pictured and located in a further portion 26 'of the housing. The housing 26, including the housing housing portion 26' thereof, forms a processing unit 14, positioned transversely to direction 2 of the stream, with the housing 26 carrying the milling tools vertically movable inside the hole 12 of the frame Γ of the machine.

The upper side 30 of the housing bears two dispositions 31, 32 of the nozzles, which are designed and equipped to transfer the clay to the front faces of the workpieces in directions 33, 34, respectively. Each of the arrangements 31, 32 comprises a plurality of one-on-one sets of nozzles which can be individually controlled in accordance with the vertical extension of the workpiece, so that the sizing protrudes only from the nozzles that are actually required depending on the workpiece thickness. These nozzle arrangements, including their respective gutter supply, dosing and dispensing bodies, and associated control devices are known as such, so we will not discuss this further in detail.

35 is a plate-shaped sleeve that extends transversely to the direction 2 of the stream and, on the one hand, 36 forms two horizontally parallel horizontal guides 37, 37 'for the machining unit 14. With the help of a recess 38 of a towing means whose draw means 38' is directly connected with the processing unit 14, the latter is horizontally movable by operating the sleeve 35 of the driven drive 39.

The sleeves 35 on the other hand carry two vertically displaced guides 40, 40 'vertically parallel to each other, through which they are vertically movable on the aforementioned guide frame 13 by means of a drive 41 carried by the guide frame at wherein the drive 41 is spaced in relation to the shaft spindle 42 in working relationship with the sled 35.

On the underside 42 of the housing 26 - viewed in the direction of the 2 current - are located on both sides of the plate restraints 43, 44, extending in parallel and vertically, with each other spaced apart so that the workpieces that adhere to these restraints are located in working position. While the restraint 43 is fixed fixed, the second restraint 44 - viewed in the direction of 2 currents - with the participation of the unit 45, the piston cylinder in this direction is displaced. The piston-cylinder unit is attached to the housing 26, with 46, 47 denoting their supply lines with a pressure means. The function of the movably arranged restraint 44 will be further explained below.

Figure 6 shows, in an isolated representation, workpiece 48 after machining in a workstation. The workpiece shows a frontal joint profile 49 supported on the underside by an appropriately profiled strip tear 50. The tear guard 50 is pivotally pivoted about the axis 51 by means of a piston cylinder unit 52 which is pivotally connected to the machine frame 1 ', the rotation being arranged between the active position supporting the workpiece 48 and the inactive position , in which the tear-off protection 50 does not perform supportive action.

Each side of the hole 12 of the machine frame is provided with this kind of tear-off protection 50, which retains its frontal profile during the first milling process. Initially, as the right side of Figure 6 shows, it is inserted in the form of a smooth lath. The tear guard 50 is in each case interchangeably disposed.

During workmanship of the workpiece to be interconnected with the wedge-shaped joining of the workpiece, the assembled construction element, the length of which is determined essentially by the length of the profile press 3 or the position of the clamping tower 24 along it, is first worked through the appropriate control of positions 15, 16 and 18 forwards is pushed forward to the position shortly before the milling position, whereby a fine adjustment of this position is made by controlling the movable stop 44 via the piston cylinder unit 45. Then this workpiece is fixed in this position after the lateral alignment, which is performed by means of pushers which can be actuated by a pressure medium and is not pictorially presented, is fixed in this position via the control of the clamping tower 7.

The processing unit 14 is at this initial stage in such a height position, in which the restraints 43, 44 protrude along the workpiece travel path. It is transferred to the scroll path just before the specified fine tuning.

Then, the next workpiece is pushed forward in the direction 2 of the current through the steering 15, 16 forward until it rests on a fixed stop 43. After lateral alignment, which is performed in the same way as in the aforementioned workpiece, this position is fixed via 6. After both workpieces are in the working position, a milling cycle and a glue application cycle are then introduced, with the machining unit 14 running through a gap between the front faces of the workpieces from the top down, and sequentially using milling tools. joint profile on both fronts and adhesive application is made by means of arrangements of 31, 32 nozzles. In accordance with the dimensions of the workpiece transversely to the 2 flow direction, the adhesive is applied at the simultaneous horizontal movement of the workpiece.

The machining unit 14 is then guided laterally from the hole 12 completely out and into its initial height position above the hole.

The clamping tower 6, moving in the direction 2, moves forward and in the opposite direction, then moves in the direction of the second clamping tower 7 to assemble the workpieces fitted with the wedge joints. Prior to this, the tear guard 50 is rotated to its inactive position. The opening of the clamping tower 7 closes and controls the positions 16, 19 and 21 to move forward in the direction of the profile press 3, with the transport speeds of the positions 16, 18 and 21 moving forward so that all the joint profiles are always pressurized and never loaded on towing.

The construction element consisting of two workpieces is now pushed forward in the direction of 2 flows to such a position that corresponds to the working position in the direction of 2 flows away from the facing front. The fine alignment of the assembled workpiece, alignment and fixation and insertion of the next workpiece into the working position are concluded as described above.

It is essential that for each milling and adhesive application process, the milling tool is guided from the top down through the workpiece, with the assembly of the face-profiled fronts still in the workstation. In conjunction with the intended tear protection 50, there is a significant reduction in workpiece damage in the form of blasting, tearing, etc.

In particular, it is essential that only a construction element, characterized by several assemblies, be guided into the profile press 2, with the front end finally reaching the clamping tower 24 in the direction of the 2 flow and locking in it. Compression of the construction element, which comprises several workpieces connected together by a wedge joint, is carried out through the clamping columns 6 and 24, of which the clamping column 6 causes the necessary pressure in the direction of flow, while the clamping tower 24 is fixed in this direction. The relatively time-consuming compression process is therefore performed simultaneously for all wedge joints. Compared to the prior art, this measure leads to a corresponding reduction in the production time of a construction element of a certain length.

Claims (20)

Patent claims A method for the quasi-continuous production of construction elements consisting of workpieces that are of wood, are flat or rod-shaped and are assembled on one side via wedge joints, the workpieces being guided one after the other into the workstation (1), positioned one-sidedly with each other spacing, straightening, milling, glueing and assembly, the composite construction element being finished in the profile press (3) under uniform pressure of all the compound wedge joints. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the profile, consisting of at least two front-facing workpieces, is transported only by pushing motion during further processing. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that each milling tool is guided from the top down through the workpiece to perform the milling process. 4. A device for manufacturing a building element consisting of at least two workpieces, which is of wood, is plate or rod and is assembled via wedge joints, with at least one milling device (1) comprising a workstation (Γ) in which the power is in each case, the two workpieces held on a flat surface at each level, supported by a workpiece (14), vertically movable between them, and equipped with milling tools on both sides of the workpiece, with the milling tools, to be machined with respect to the production of jointed profiles which they can be assembled into each other after application of the adhesive, in particular for carrying out the process according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the workstation (1) is designed and equipped one after the other for milling, application of adhesive and assembly with adhesive coated workpiece profiles that the workstation (1) - in the direction (2) of the workpiece flow - is followed by a profile press (3) designed and equipped for a uniform compression of all the wedge joints of the building blocks, and that all movements of the workpieces in the machine until the final construction of the building block are designed solely as thrust movements. Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that a clamping tower (6, 7) is provided in each workstation (1) in the direction (2) of the flow - in front of and behind the milling device (1). for fixing the workpiece. Apparatus according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that - viewed in the direction (2) of the current - the first clamping tower (6) is movably positioned in this direction and in the opposite direction. Apparatus according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the profile press (3) is provided with a clamping tower (24) intended for fixing the workpiece or the construction element. Apparatus according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that each clamping tower (6, 7, 24) is provided with a gripping mechanism comprising a piston cylinder unit (8, 9, 25). Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims 4 to 8, characterized by a lateral extending guide (22) along the profile press (3). Apparatus according to any one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that, on both sides of the clamping towers (6, 7), the work stations (15, 16; 19, 21) are arranged for forward movement. Apparatus according to claim 10, characterized in that at least in the immediate vicinity of the clamping towers (6, 7) the forward displacement arrangements consist of two cylinders arranged above each other and that the upper cylinders of each are arranged on a pressure shoe (10). , 11) each clamping tower - movable with it. Apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that each forward displacement (15, 16, 19, 21) is provided with a drive (17, 18, 20). Apparatus according to any one of claims 4 to 12, characterized in that the processing unit (14) is held horizontally movable on the sled (35), while the sled (35) is held vertically movable on the guide frame (13). Device according to claim 13, characterized in that drives (39, 41) are provided for the movement of the processing unit (14) along the sleeve (35) as well as for the movement of the sleeve (35) along the guide frame (13). Apparatus according to any one of claims 4 to 14, characterized in that the processing unit (14) has a housing (26), at the upper end of which are arranged the nozzles (31, 32) and at the lower end of which there are restraints ( 43, 44), wherein the nozzle arrangement is intended for applying the adhesive to the milling-made workpieces of the workpiece and the restraints are intended for adjusting the workpiece in the workstation in the direction (2) of the workflow. Apparatus according to claim 15, characterized in that, in the direction (2) of the current, the second limiter (44) is arranged movably in this direction and in the opposite direction. Apparatus according to claim 16, characterized in that a piston-cylinder unit (45) is provided for movement (44). Apparatus according to any one of claims 4 to 17, characterized in that, in the workstation, for supporting the workpieces during milling, there are cutting bars (50) arranged rotatably between the active workpiece in each supporting position. , and inactive, retreating positions, which in particular allow assembly of workpieces. Apparatus according to claim 18, characterized in that a piston-cylinder unit (52) is provided for the rotational movement of the scrap bars (50). Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims 4 to 19, characterized by a parent control that coordinates the movements of the actuators (17, 18, 20, 29, 39) and units (8, 9, 25, 45, 52) of the piston cylinder with with regard to quasi-continuous construction of building elements.