SI20572A - Scalping head for scalping cylindres, pipe-like cylinders ect. and scalping procedure - Google Patents
Scalping head for scalping cylindres, pipe-like cylinders ect. and scalping procedure Download PDFInfo
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- SI20572A SI20572A SI200100122A SI200100122A SI20572A SI 20572 A SI20572 A SI 20572A SI 200100122 A SI200100122 A SI 200100122A SI 200100122 A SI200100122 A SI 200100122A SI 20572 A SI20572 A SI 20572A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B29/00—Holders for non-rotary cutting tools; Boring bars or boring heads; Accessories for tool holders
- B23B29/03—Boring heads
- B23B29/034—Boring heads with tools moving radially, e.g. for making chamfers or undercuttings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D77/00—Reaming tools
- B23D77/02—Reamers with inserted cutting edges
- B23D77/04—Reamers with inserted cutting edges with cutting edges adjustable to different diameters along the whole cutting length
- B23D77/042—Reamers with inserted cutting edges with cutting edges adjustable to different diameters along the whole cutting length by means of oblique planes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B5/00—Turning-machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor
- B23B5/08—Turning-machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor for turning axles, bars, rods, tubes, rolls, i.e. shaft-turning lathes, roll lathes; Centreless turning
- B23B5/12—Turning-machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor for turning axles, bars, rods, tubes, rolls, i.e. shaft-turning lathes, roll lathes; Centreless turning for peeling bars or tubes by making use of cutting bits arranged around the workpiece
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D79/00—Methods, machines, or devices not covered elsewhere, for working metal by removal of material
- B23D79/02—Machines or devices for scraping
- B23D79/04—Machines or devices for scraping with rotating cutting-tool, e.g. for smoothing linings of bearings
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T407/00—Cutters, for shaping
- Y10T407/19—Rotary cutting tool
- Y10T407/1906—Rotary cutting tool including holder [i.e., head] having seat for inserted tool
- Y10T407/1908—Face or end mill
- Y10T407/191—Plural simultaneously usable separable tools in common seat or common clamp actuator for plural simultaneously usable tools
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T82/00—Turning
- Y10T82/10—Process of turning
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T82/00—Turning
- Y10T82/16—Severing or cut-off
- Y10T82/16114—Severing or cut-off including scrap cutting means
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T82/00—Turning
- Y10T82/16—Severing or cut-off
- Y10T82/16229—Interrelated means for tool infeed and circumrotation
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Turning (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
- Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
- Mechanical Treatment Of Semiconductor (AREA)
- Punching Or Piercing (AREA)
- Automatic Tool Replacement In Machine Tools (AREA)
- Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
- Debarking, Splitting, And Disintegration Of Timber (AREA)
- Gear Processing (AREA)
- Surgical Instruments (AREA)
- Coating Apparatus (AREA)
- Metal Extraction Processes (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
- Shearing Machines (AREA)
- Accessories And Tools For Shearing Machines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
ECOROLL AG Werkzeugtechnik Celle, NemčijaECOROLL AG Werkzeugtechnik Celle, Germany
Luščilna glava za izluščanje valjev, cevastih valjev ipd. in postopek izluščanjaPeeling head for extraction of cylinders, tubular cylinders, etc. and hatching process
Izum zadeva luščilno1 glavo za izluščanje valjev, cevastih valjev ipd. in postopek izluščanja, uporabljajoč luščilno glavo, pri čemer ima luščilna glava v sebi razporejene radialnonihalne luščilne nože.The invention concerns a peeling head 1 for extracting cylinders, tubular cylinders, and the like. and the extraction process using a peeling head, wherein the peeling head has radially non-peeling peeling knives arranged therein.
Postopki in luščilne glave te vrste so znani denimo iz spisov DE 22 23 969 ali DE 27 23 622; služijo za obdelavo, zlasti natančno obdelavo valjastih sten izvrtin, kakršne srečamo naprimer v hidravličnih valjih in cevastih valjih. Tovrstne stene izvrtin se najbolj gospodarno natančno obdela z luščenjem in gladkalnim valjanjem. Izhodiščno gradivo so praviloma precizno vlečene jeklene cevi ali s predhodnim povrtanjem pripravljene litoželezne cevi z majhnim obdelovalnim dodatkom debeline okoli 0,3 do 1 mm v premeru. Te cevi imajo izdelovalno pogojene napake ravnosti, ki namenu uporabe cevi ne škodijo in jih zatorej z luščenjem ni treba popravljati.The processes and peeling heads of this type are known, for example, from the files DE 22 23 969 or DE 27 23 622; they are used for machining, especially the precise machining of cylindrical boreholes, such as those found in hydraulic cylinders and tubular cylinders, for example. Such boreholes are most economically accurately machined by peeling and smoothing. As a rule, the starting material is precisely drawn steel tubes or pre-drilled cast iron tubes with a small machining additive about 0.3 to 1 mm thick in diameter. These pipes have fabrication-related flatness errors that do not damage the purpose of the pipe and therefore do not need to be repaired by peeling.
Vsekakor je treba površino povrtane stene po vsej ploskvi oluščiti in jo gladkalno povaljati tudi pri ukrivljenih valjih. Predpogoj za to je v danih pogojih ta, da luščilni nož makroobliki cevi sledi z domala stalno globino odrezavanja. V ta namen sta se obnesla plavajoče razporejena luščilna noža, znana naprimer iz že omenjenega spisa DE 27 23 622 ali DE 25 18 170. Luščilna glava je pri tem v primerjavi z orodjem v dveh rav1. LUŠČENJE (nem. Schalefi) označuje obdelavo z odrezavanjem površine valjanih in kovanih palic okroglega preseka na luščilnih strojih za izdelavo svetlo vlečenega jekla. (Po leksikonu; op. prev.) ninah radialno prosto gibljiva, luščilni nož oziroma noža pa sta dodatno radialno gibljiva.In any case, the surface of the rotated wall must be peeled off throughout the surface and smoothed even with curved cylinders. The prerequisite for this is that, under the given conditions, the peeling knife of the macro-shaped tube follows from a nearly constant cutting depth. For this purpose, floating peeling knives, known for example from the already mentioned file DE 27 23 622 or DE 25 18 170, have acted. The peeling head is thus compared to the tool in two rav1. PEELING (German Schalefi) denotes machining by cutting off the surface of rolled and forged rods of circular cross-section on peeling machines for the production of light drawn steel. The nines are radially free-moving, and the peeling knife or knives are additionally radially flexible.
Znana ureditev luščilnih nožev zagotavlja samocentriranje nožev s pasivnimi silami rezanja obeh rezil tudi tedaj, ko se luščilna glava zaradi zunanjih sil ne vrti središčno. Pomanjkljivo pri tej ureditvi pa je, da luščil na noža z dvema drugo nasproti drugemu razporejenima reziloma ne izdelujeta prisilno okrogle vrtine. Nasprotno, tovrstni noži med vrtenjem luščilne glave izvajajo radialno oscilirajoče gibanje in pri tem tvorijo presek vrtine, ki ni okrogla. To gibanje lahko izzove napaka okroglosti, ki je že v sami cevi, ali malenkostna motnja v ravnotežju sil, denimo spremenljiva pasivna sila rezanja pri praviloma zaželenem lomu odrezka, in to gibanje se lahko razmahne ter nadaljuje prek vse obdelovalne dolžine.The known arrangement of peeling knives ensures self-centering of the knives with the passive cutting forces of both blades even when the peeling head does not rotate centrally due to external forces. The disadvantage of this arrangement, however, is that the peeling blades with two blades opposite each other do not produce a forced round hole. On the contrary, such blades perform radially oscillating motion while rotating the peeling head, forming a cross-section of a non-circular hole. This movement can be caused by a defect in roundness already in the tube itself or a slight disturbance in the balance of forces, such as variable passive cutting force at the generally desired fracture of the cut, and this movement can swing and continue over the entire machining length.
Značilno za tovrstne profile vrtin je, da ima vrtina - merjeno med dvema druga nasproti drugi ležečima točkama - sicer konstanten premer, da pa je notranji plaščni krog manjši in zunanji plaščni krog večji od v dvotočkovnem postopku merjenega luščilnega premera. Pri tem lahko nastanejo poligoni s 3, 5, 7 ali več koti. Ta napaka okroglosti lahko pri sestavljanju z batom in tesnili vodi k problemom. Pogosto poteka napaka okroglosti po dolžini cevi s kotnim zamikom od enega obrata orodja do drugega, tako da se dobi špiralast obris vrtine valja, ki praviloma velja kot pomanjkljivost v kakovosti.Typical for such borehole profiles is that the borehole - measured between two opposite points of contact - has a constant diameter, but that the inner mantle circle is smaller and the outer mantle circle larger than in the two-point process of the measured peel diameter. Polygons with 3, 5, 7 or more angles can be formed. This roundness error can lead to problems when assembling with piston and seals. Often, there is an error of roundness along the length of the pipe with an angular offset from one tool turn to another, thus obtaining a helical outline of the cylinder bore, which is generally regarded as a quality defect.
Znana so tudi orodja brez nihalnih nožev. Sem štejejo povrtala, kakršna so opisana naprimer v spisih DE 19 62 181 B, DE 16 52 790 A, DE 73 21 746 U in US 2,638,020. Noži povrtal so glede na osnovno telo orodja prestavljivi vsi le skupaj za enako mero in tako niso radialnonihalno vgrajeni. Povrtala so v sami zasnovi predvidena za izdelavo vrtin s kar se da majhno napako ravnosti. Do nadaljnjega napredka obdelave torej pride v nadaljevanju dosedanje smeri vrtine. Če je predvrtina ukrivljena, se od povrtal pričakuje, da to krivino po možnosti povsem odpravijo.Tools without swinging blades are also known. These include drill bits such as those described, for example, in files DE 19 62 181 B, DE 16 52 790 A, DE 73 21 746 U and US 2,638,020. The cutter blades are all adjustable to the base body of the tool only in the same way and are not radially embedded. The drill bits are designed to produce boreholes with as little flatness error as possible. The further progress of the treatment therefore follows in the continuation of the current direction of the well. If the bore is curved, the bends are expected to completely eliminate this bend.
Cevasti valji se izdelujejo iz precizno vlečenih jeklenih cevi dolžine tja do 10 m. Pogojeno z obdelovalnimi postopki, ki so do tedaj taki brez odrezavanja, imajo te cevi napako ravnosti do 2 mm/m. Obenem pa se iz stroškovnih razlogov in zaradi prihranka na gradivu dela z dodatki za obdelavo pod 1 mm v premeru. To pomeni, da ni na voljo dovolj dodatka za obdelavo, da bi iz ukrivljene naredili ravno vrtino. Za to bi pri zgoraj omenjeni ukrivljenosti potrebovali vsaj 4 mm v premeru dodatka za obdelavo. Orodja, ki so, kot zgoraj opisana povrtala, namenjena za izdelavo kar se da ravnih vrtin, bi na nekaterih mestih pobrala veliko gradiva, zato pa pustila druga mesta nedotaknjena. Pred luščilno glavo za izluSčanje valjev, cevastih valjev in podobno se zato postavlja zahteva, da luSčilno orodje pri obdelavi sledi makroobliki vrtine in na ta način povzame dano napako v ravnosti. Povrtala tej predpostavki ne zadostijo.Tubular cylinders are made of precisely drawn steel tubes up to 10 m in length. Conditioned by machining procedures that were hitherto uncut, these pipes have a flatness error of up to 2 mm / m. At the same time, for cost reasons and to save material, work with machining accessories less than 1 mm in diameter. This means that there is not enough machining accessory available to make a straight hole from the curved one. This would require at least 4 mm in diameter of the machining additive at the above curvature. Tools that, like the drills described above, are designed to produce as straight holes as possible, in some places would pick up a lot of material, leaving other places intact. Therefore, the peeling head for the extraction of cylinders, tubular cylinders and the like therefore requires that the peeling tool in the machining follow the macro-shape of the borehole and thus summarize a given error in flatness. Retractors do not suffice this assumption.
Izhajajoč iz tega temelji izum na nalogi, ustvariti luSčilno glavo in postopek izluščanja, ki omogočata v bistvu odpraviti napako v okroglosti in preprečiti pojav Spiralnih valov.Based on this, the invention is based on the task of creating a shell head and an excretion process that essentially eliminates the circular error and prevents the occurrence of helical waves.
Naloga se resi z luSčilno glavo z v njej radialnonihalno razporejenimi luščilnimi noži, v kateri so predvideni najmanj trije luSčilni noži. S tako zasnovo luščilne glave se izpolni zahteva tako po samocentriranju stavka luSčilnih nožev kot tudi po krožni geometriji lupine pri nespremenjeni globini odrezka.The task is accomplished by a peeling head with radial-non-peeling peeling knives arranged in it, in which at least three peeling knives are provided. This design of the peeling head fulfills the requirement for both the self-centering of the peeling knife sentence and the circular shell geometry at a constant cutting depth.
Za povrh je velika prednost izuma v tem, da se da s tem, ko smo predvideli vsaj tri luščilne nože, zmogljivost luščenja v primerjavi z znanimi luščilnimi glavami s samo dvema luščilnima nožema povečati.Moreover, the great advantage of the invention is that, by providing at least three peeling blades, the peeling capacity can be increased in comparison with known peeling heads with only two peeling blades.
Pri prednostni obliki izvedbe izuma, pri kateri ima luščilna glava srednjo os, je predvideno, da sta sosedna si luščilna noža razporejena, gledano v smeri srednje osi luščilne glave, vsakokrat na podobnih medsebojnih kotnih razmikih. To zagotavlja v v vsakem vrtilnem položaju luščilne glave kar največjo centrirno verjetnost. Kotni razmik bi temu ustrezno pri treh nožih znašal 120, pri štirih 90, pri petih 72 in pri Šestih luSčilnih nožih vsakokrat 60 kotnih stopinj. Ti koti lahko od sektorja do sektorja tudi za malenkost variirajo, če je to potrebno, da se izognemo sledovom interference.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, in which the peeling head has a central axis, it is contemplated that the adjacent peeling blades are arranged at similar angular intervals each time, in the direction of the middle axis of the peeling head. This ensures that in each rotation position the peeling head has the highest centering probability. The angular spacing would accordingly be 120 degrees for three knives, four for 90, five for 72, and six angular knives for each angle of 60 degrees. These angles can also vary slightly from sector to sector if necessary to avoid traces of interference.
Pri nadaljnji prednostni izvedbeni obliki izuma, pri kateri ima luščilna glava srednjo os in vsak luSčilni nož najmanj eno rezilo, je predvideno, da so najmanj tri rezila različnih luščilnih nožev razporejena rotacijskosimetrično glede na srednjo os luščilne glave, kar pomeni, da sta na eno rezilo enega luSčilnega noža ustrezni rezili predvideni na najmanj dveh drugih luščilnih nožih, tako da odgovarjajoče točke odgovarjajočih rezil vsakokrat določajo ravnino, ki poteka pravokotno na srednjo os luščilne glave. Ker je srednja os luščilne glave v obratovanju luSčilne glave glavna vrtilna os, se ta ureditev rezil prav tako pozitivno odraža na centriranju luščilne glave v vrtini, ki se jo izlušča.In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, wherein the peeling head has a median axis and each peeling knife has at least one blade, it is provided that at least three blades of different peeling knives are arranged rotationally symmetrically with respect to the middle axis of the peeling head, meaning that they are on one blade of one peeling knife, the corresponding blades are provided on at least two other peeling blades, such that the corresponding points of the corresponding blades each determine a plane perpendicular to the middle axis of the peeling head. Since the middle axis of the peeling head is the main rotary axis in operation of the peeling head, this arrangement of the blades also has a positive effect on the centering of the peeling head in the hole being drawn.
Luščilno zmogljivost se da Se naprej povečati s tem, da ima vsak luSčilni nož najmanj dve rezili.The peeling capacity can be further increased by each peeling knife having at least two blades.
Pri posebno smotrni obliki izvedbe izuma se vsi luSčilni noži prek skupnega, v luSčilni glavi premično razporejenega koničnega ali piramidastega telesa podprejo neposredno ali posredno in so s pomočjo tega telesa premakljivi radialno glede na luščilno glavo. Pri tem ima lahko glede na zasnovo luščilne glave telo tako obliko stožca ali prisekanega stožca kot tudi piramide ali prisekane piramide, pri čemer pojem piramida tu ni omejen denimo v vsakdanjem smislu na take pravilne poliedre, ki imajo kvadratno osnovno ploskev in za plaščne ploskve Štiri kongruentne enakokrake trikotnike, marveč gre pojem piramida razumeti v smislu geometrijske definicije in ima piramida lahko predvsem osnovno ploskev s toliko stranicami, kolikor je predvidenih luščilnih nožev.In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, all the cutting blades are supported directly or indirectly by a joint, movably disposed conical or pyramidal body in the radiator head, and can be moved radially with respect to the shell head by means of this body. Depending on the design of the peeling head, the body may have the shape of a cone or truncated cone, as well as a pyramid or truncated pyramid, the term pyramid being not limited here, for example, to such regular polyhedra having a square base plane and for the mantle surfaces of the Four Congruent isosceles triangles, but the concept of the pyramid is understood in terms of geometric definition, and the pyramid may, in particular, have a basic face with as many sides as the peeling knives have provided.
Tako konično kot tudi piramidasto telo smotrno omogočata prek enostavnega premika telesa vzdolž srednje osi luSčilne glave luSčilne nože tiščati radialno ven in s tem na posebno enostaven način nastaviti odgovarjajoči premer luščenja.Both the conical and the pyramid bodies make it possible, through a simple movement of the body, along the center axis of the separator head, to press radially out the radial blades, thereby adjusting in a particularly simple manner the appropriate diameter of the exfoliation.
Pri tem se je pri obratovanju izkazalo za posebno smotrno, da konično ali piramidasto telo v luSčilni glavi namestimo plavajoče. Prednostno je tudi, da predvidimo sredstva za spremenljivo fiksiranje prvega relativnega položaja koničnega ali piramidastega telesa relativno glede na luščilne nože, pri čemer se da konično ali piramidasto telo s pomočjo ustreznih vzmetnih sredstev prednapeti v prvi relativni položaj. Ta prvi relativni položaj je praviloma delovni položaj luščilne glave, pri katerem so torej luSčilni noži nastavljeni na želeni luščilni premer.In doing so, it turned out to be particularly expedient to place a conical or pyramid body in the shell head in a floating position. It is also preferred to provide means for variable fixing of the first relative position of the conical or pyramidal body relative to the peeling blades, whereby the conical or pyramidal body can be prestressed to the first relative position by means of suitable spring means. This first relative position is generally the working position of the peeling head, whereby the peeling knives are set to the desired peeling diameter.
Da luščilno glavo, na lahek način in ne da bi povzročili praske, lahko izvlečemo iz izluščenega telesa, je konično ali piramidasto telo lahko tako zasnovano, da se ga da proti prednapetju z uporabo zunanje, zlasti hidravlične sile premakniti v drugi relativni položaj relativno glede na luščilne nože, pri čemer ta drugi relativni položaj ustreza nazaj povlečenemu položaju luščilnih nožev, tako da le-ti torej nič več ne nalegajo tesno na ploskev, ki se jo izlušča, in luščilno glavo se da v telesu, ki se ga izlušča, z lahkoto premikati in pozicionirati.In order that the peeling head can be easily and without causing scratches to be pulled out of the exfoliated body, the conical or pyramidal body may be so designed that it can be moved against the prestress by external, in particular hydraulic force, relative to the relative position the second relative position corresponds to the retracted position of the peeling blades, so that they no longer rest closely on the surface to be extracted and the peeling head is easily placed in the body being treated with ease move and position.
Da se zagotovi, da luščilni noži stalno dobro neposredno ali posredno nalegajo na tem koničnem ali piramidastem telesu in torej sledijo s spremembo relativnega položaja koničnega ali piramidastega telesa in luščilnih nožev želeni nastavitvi premera luščenja, so smotrno lahko predvidena vzmetna sredstva, ki luščilne nože prednapnejo proti koničnemu ali piramidastemu telesu.To ensure that the peeling blades are permanently or directly in contact with this conical or pyramidal body, and consequently, by changing the relative position of the conical or pyramidal body and the peeling blades, the desired setting of the peeling diameter may advantageously be provided by spring means that bias the peeling blades against conical or pyramidal body.
Prednostno je, če so ta druga vzmetna sredstva tako razporejena, da njihova smer delovanja ne poteka skozi sredino orodja.Preferably, these other spring means are arranged so that their direction of action does not extend through the center of the tool.
Da preprečimo zatikanje luščilnih nožev, se nadalje predlaga, da so luščilni noži vodeni v vodilih, katerih razmerje dolžina proti širini je večje od 1,5, smotrno večje od 2. Razmerje dolžina proti širini lahko doseže vrednost celo 4 do 5, da se dobi dobro vodenje. Pri tem dolžina pomeni razsežnost vodila v radialni smeri, medtem ko širina pomeni razsežnost vodila v osni smeri.In order to prevent the blades from sticking, it is further suggested that the blades are guided in guides with a length-to-width ratio of more than 1.5, substantially greater than 2. The length-to-width ratio can be as high as 4 to 5 to obtain good guidance. In this case, length means the dimension of the guide in the radial direction, while width means the dimension of the guide in the axial direction.
Omenjena naloga se nadalje reši s postopkom izluščanja valja, cevastega valja ali pd. s pomočjo v za izluščanje predvideno telo uvedene luščilne glave s srednjo osjo in nekaj luščilnimi noži, pri čemer se uporabi glava z najmanj tremi relativno glede na srednjo os luščilne glave radialno gibljivimi luščilnimi noži.The said problem is further solved by the process of extracting a cylinder, tubular cylinder or the like. with the aid of a radiator head of the introduced central axis with a few axes and a few peeling knives, using a head with at least three relative to the center axis of the peeling head of radially moving peeling knives.
Pri prednostni izvedbeni obliki postopka, pri čemer ima vsak uporabljeni luščil ni nož najmanj eno rezilo, je predvideno, da se radialni razmik rezil glede na srednjo os luščilne glave - in s tem premer luščenja nastavi s pomočjo v luščilni glavi gibljivo razporejenega koničnega ali piramidastega telesa.In a preferred embodiment of the process, each blade having at least one blade has a knife, it is provided that the radial spacing of the blades is relative to the center axis of the peeling head - thereby adjusting the peeling diameter by means of a moving conical or pyramidal body in the peeling head. .
Nadaljnje podrobnosti in prednosti izuma so razvidne iz sledečega povsem ponazoritvenega in neomejujočega opisa primera izvedbe luščilne glave po izumu v povezavi s skicami, v katerih kažeFurther details and advantages of the invention are apparent from the following fully illustrative and non-limiting description of an embodiment of the exfoliation head of the invention in conjunction with the drawings in which
SL. 1 luščilno glavo po izumu v vzdolž srednje osi delno prerezanem stranskem risu,FIG. 1 peeling head according to the invention, along the central axis of the partially cut lateral lynx,
SL. la detajl v SL. 1 prikazane luščilne glave v območju nožev,FIG. la detail in FIG. 1 shows peeling heads in knife area,
SL. 2 v smeri srednje osi gledan delno prerezan pogled luščilne glave po SL. 1,FIG. 2 is a partially cross-sectional view of the peeling head in FIG. 1,
SL. 3 ponazoritev delovanja centrirajočih sil pri obratovanju luščilne glave, inFIG. 3 shows the operation of the centering forces in the operation of the peeling head, and
SL. 4 alternativno izvedbeno obliko luščilne glave v vzdolž srednje osi delno prerezanem stranskem risu.FIG. 4 shows an alternative embodiment of a peeling head along the mid-axis of a partially cut lateral lynx.
V skicah SL. 1 do 3 je predstavljena luščilna glava, ki je kot celota označena s sklicevalno številko 9 in pri kateri so v valjastem ohišju 11 radialno premakljivo razporejeni vsega skupaj trije luščilni noži 10.In the drawings of FIG. 1 to 3, a peeling head is represented as a whole, with reference number 9, and in which a total of three peeling blades 10 are radially displaced in a cylindrical housing 11.
Vsak luščilni nož 10 ima pri tem primeru izvedbe dve rezili 3 in 3'. Luščilni noži 10 so vodeni v vodilih 10' z visokim razmerjem dolžina/širina, ki preprečujejo zatikanje luščilnih nožev. V prikazanem primeru izvedbe je to vodilo več kot trikrat - natančno vzeto celo več kot petkrat - daljše kot je široko. Med luščilnimi noži so vsakokrat razporejena vodila 25.In this case, each peeling knife 10 has two blades 3 and 3 '. The peeling blades 10 are guided in guides 10 ' with a high length / width ratio to prevent the peeling blades from sticking. In the embodiment shown, this guide is more than three times - exactly taken even more than five times - longer than wide. The guides 25 are each arranged between the peeling knives.
Kot je na SL. 2 primeroma prikazano samo pri enem nožu, je vsak luščilni nož 10 prek vzmetnega sredstva, tu v obliki tlačne vzmeti 13, pritiskan radialno noter proti za nastavitev premera luščenja sluzečemu koničnemu telesu, tu v obliki prisekanega stožca 12. V ta namen ima vsak luščilni nož 10 ležišče 13' za vsakokrat eno tlačno vzmet 13, pri čemer naj bo na tem mestu ponovno poudarjeno, da je - drugače, kot je predstavljeno na SL. 2 - s pomočjo tlačne vzmeti 13, kot je s puščicami 13 nakazano v skicah SL. 2 in 3, v smeri proti stožcu prednapet vsak luščilni nož 10, da pa je zaradi boljše preglednosti samo ena označena s sklicevalno številko. Prisekani stožec 12 je s tem v lupilni glavi plavajoče uležiščen s prostostnima stopnjama 12' in 12.As in FIG. 2 is shown by example with only one knife, each peeling knife 10 is pressed radially inwards through the spring means 13 here, pressed radially inwards to adjust the peeling diameter of the sliding conical body, here in the form of a truncated cone 12. For this purpose, each peeling knife has 10 is a bearing 13 'for each pressure spring 13 at each point, again emphasizing that it is - different from that shown in FIG. 2 - by means of a pressure spring 13, as indicated by the arrows 13 in FIGS. 2 and 3, each peeling knife 10 is prestressed in the direction of the cone, but for the sake of clarity only one is indicated by a reference number. The truncated cone 12 is thereby floated in the shell head with the degrees of freedom 12 'and 12.
Tlačne vzmeti 13 med luščenjem in v uvedenem stanju orodja, ko se torej luščilni noži nahajajo, gledano v radialni smeri, v k srednji osi nazaj povlečenem položaju, skrbijo za trajni kontakt nožev 10 s prisekanim stožcem 12.The compression springs 13 during peeling and in the tooled state, when the peeling blades are thus positioned in the radial direction, in the rearwardly drawn position towards the central axis, ensure the permanent contact of the blades 10 with the truncated cone 12.
Za fiksiranje prvega relativnega položaja prisekanega stožca 12 in luščilnih nožev 10 je predviden sklop 15 vijaka in distančnika. Vzmetna sredstva, tu v obliki vijačne vzmeti 14, prednapenjajo prisekani stožec v ta relativni položaj, ki ustreza delovnemu položaju, v katerem je orodje pripravljeno za luščenje.A set of 15 screws and spacers is provided for fixing the first relative position of the truncated cone 12 and the peeling blades 10. The spring means, here in the form of a helical spring 14, prestress the truncated cone to this relative position corresponding to the working position in which the tool is ready for peeling.
Ko se v smeri puščice 16 naprimer s pomočjo po sebi znane, tu v nadaljnjem neprikazane hidravlike vnese osna sila, se prisekani stožec 12 lahko vzdolž skupne srednje osi 16' luščilne glave 9 in prisekanega stožca 12 premakne proti prednapetju vzmeti 14, tako da se luščilni noži 10 premaknejo radialno noter v nazaj povlečeni položaj.When, in the direction of the arrow 16, for example, with the aid of a self-known hydraulics not shown hereafter, the truncated cone 12 can be moved along the common central axis 16 'of the peeling head 9 and the truncated cone 12 towards the prestressing of the spring 14, so that the peeling the blades 10 move radially inwards into the retracted position.
Prisekani stožec 12 je v luščilni glavi 9 plavajoče razporejen. Kot kaže skica SL. 3, pomeni napaka ravnosti za izlščenje pripravljenega cevastega valja za mero 19 spremembo obrisa 17 vrtine in osi 17a vrtine za mero 19 v položaj 18 oz. 18a. To vodi k povečanju pasivnih rezalnih sil vseh v skici nad središčem delujočih rezil in obenem k zmanjšanju v skici spodnjih sil. Na to se prisekani stožec 12 odzove z radialnim vzvratnim premikom 20 za mero 19. Na ta način se ves stavek nožev ob ohranitvi krožne geometrije lupine centrira na novo središče cevi. S tem so zahteve po samocentriranju stavka luščilnih nožev, krožni geometriji in nespremenljivosti globine odrezka izpolnjene. Do kompenzacijskega premika pride z vrtenjem luščilnega orodja ali pri mirujočem orodju in vrtečem se obdelovancu nenehno in ga je moč ustvariti glede na ukrivljenost cevi v poljubni smeri.The truncated cone 12 is arranged in a floating position in the exfoliation head 9. As shown in FIG. 3, the straightness error for extending the prepared tubular cylinder for measure 19 changes the outline of the borehole 17 and the axis 17a of the borehole for measure 19 to position 18 or. 18a. This leads to an increase in the passive cutting forces of all in the sketch above the center of the working blades and at the same time to a decrease in the sketch of the lower forces. To this end, the truncated cone 12 responds with a radial reverse movement 20 by a measure 19. In this way, the whole blade statement is centered at the new center of the pipe while maintaining the circular shell geometry. In this way, the requirements for self-centering of the polishing knife sentence, circular geometry, and steadiness of the cutting depth are fulfilled. The compensatory displacement occurs by rotating the peeling tool or when the tool is stationary and the workpiece is rotated continuously and can be created with respect to the curvature of the tube in any direction.
Skica SL. 4 kaže izvedbeno obliko, pri kateri sila 16 deluje na široko stran prisekanega stožca 12', vijačna vzmet 14' pa prek sklopa 15' vijaka in distančnika na manjši premer prisekanega stožca 12'. Tudi ta ureditev privede do premika rezil 3 in luščilnih nožev 10 relativno glede na ohišje 11'.Sketch of FIG. 4 shows an embodiment in which the force 16 acts on the wide side of the truncated cone 12 'and the helical spring 14' via a set 15 'of the screw and spacer to a smaller diameter of the truncated cone 12'. This arrangement also causes the blades 3 and the peeling blades 10 to move relative to the housing 11 '.
V okviru izumske zamisli so možna številna odstopanja in nadaljnje različice, ki zadevajo naprimer število in ureditev luščilnih nožev in rezil. Tako je denimo predvsem za izluščanje velikih premerov možno uporabiti luščilne glave, ki imajo več od ponazoritveno treh prikazanih luščilnih nožev. Za izum bistveno je v vsakem primeru, da se predvidita več kot dva luščilna noža, kar bistveno zmanjša verjetnost pojava nehotenega radialnega osciliranja.Within the scope of the invention, a number of variations and further variations are possible regarding, for example, the number and arrangement of peeling knives and blades. For example, it is possible to use, in particular, for peeling large diameters, peeling heads having more than the illustrative peeling knives shown. In any case, it is essential for the invention to provide more than two peeling blades, which significantly reduces the likelihood of involuntary radial oscillation.
Po pooblastilu:Under the authority of:
Patentna pisarna, d.o.o Zanjo: Vinko SkubicPatent Office, d.o.o For her: Vinko Skubic
PmmiA BtSARNA, 0.0.0.PmmiA BtSARNA, 0.0.0.
LJUBLJA^k^O^OVA 14LJUBLJA ^ k ^ O ^ OVA 14
Claims (17)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10023535A DE10023535A1 (en) | 2000-05-13 | 2000-05-13 | Peeling head and method for peeling off cylinders, cylinder tubes and the like the like |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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SI20572A true SI20572A (en) | 2001-12-31 |
SI20572B SI20572B (en) | 2010-05-31 |
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ID=7641957
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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SI200100122A SI20572B (en) | 2000-05-13 | 2001-05-09 | Scalping head for scalping cylindres, pipe-like cylinders ect. and scalping procedure |
Country Status (16)
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US (1) | US6711976B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1153683B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4123332B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR100735967B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE255974T1 (en) |
BR (1) | BR0102564B1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2347305C (en) |
CZ (1) | CZ297057B6 (en) |
DE (2) | DE10023535A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2211689T3 (en) |
HR (1) | HRP20010340B1 (en) |
HU (1) | HU224377B1 (en) |
NO (1) | NO321635B1 (en) |
PL (1) | PL199163B1 (en) |
SG (1) | SG99359A1 (en) |
SI (1) | SI20572B (en) |
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JP4475422B2 (en) * | 2002-10-18 | 2010-06-09 | エスエムエス シューマグ ゲーエムベーハー アンド シーオー.ケージー | Tool heads, adjustment rings and cutting machines, especially scalpers |
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DE102011110044B4 (en) * | 2011-08-11 | 2013-11-28 | Ferroll Gmbh | Method for manufacturing a cylinder unit, peeling tool and lathe |
FR2991209B1 (en) * | 2012-06-05 | 2015-07-03 | Snecma | CALIBRATION HEAD FOR TREE DRILLING |
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DE102014202104A1 (en) * | 2014-02-05 | 2015-08-06 | Ecoroll Ag Werkzeugtechnik | peeling tool |
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CN104439438B (en) * | 2014-11-20 | 2016-10-19 | 福建工程学院 | A kind of three-in-one equipment integrating |
CN105328269B (en) * | 2015-11-23 | 2017-07-25 | 山东太古飞机工程有限公司 | Aircraft interior trim cellular board fly-cutting frock |
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KR102319985B1 (en) | 2019-08-23 | 2021-11-02 | 일진제강(주) | Method for Manufacturing Cylinder Tube for Hydraulic Cylinder |
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-
2000
- 2000-05-13 DE DE10023535A patent/DE10023535A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2001
- 2001-04-11 CZ CZ20011306A patent/CZ297057B6/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-04-17 SG SG200102167A patent/SG99359A1/en unknown
- 2001-04-26 EP EP01110307A patent/EP1153683B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-04-26 AT AT01110307T patent/ATE255974T1/en active
- 2001-04-26 ES ES01110307T patent/ES2211689T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-04-26 DE DE50101106T patent/DE50101106D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-05-09 SI SI200100122A patent/SI20572B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-05-10 PL PL347464A patent/PL199163B1/en unknown
- 2001-05-10 HU HU0101929A patent/HU224377B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-05-10 JP JP2001140139A patent/JP4123332B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-05-11 NO NO20012347A patent/NO321635B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-05-11 CA CA002347305A patent/CA2347305C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-05-11 HR HR20010340A patent/HRP20010340B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-05-12 KR KR1020010025985A patent/KR100735967B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2001-05-14 US US09/855,039 patent/US6711976B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-05-14 BR BRPI0102564-3A patent/BR0102564B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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CZ297057B6 (en) | 2006-08-16 |
HRP20010340A2 (en) | 2002-04-30 |
US20010039861A1 (en) | 2001-11-15 |
ES2211689T3 (en) | 2004-07-16 |
CA2347305A1 (en) | 2001-11-13 |
HUP0101929A2 (en) | 2002-05-29 |
PL199163B1 (en) | 2008-08-29 |
CA2347305C (en) | 2008-04-08 |
EP1153683B1 (en) | 2003-12-10 |
DE50101106D1 (en) | 2004-01-22 |
HU0101929D0 (en) | 2001-07-30 |
NO20012347D0 (en) | 2001-05-11 |
NO321635B1 (en) | 2006-06-12 |
KR100735967B1 (en) | 2007-07-06 |
SI20572B (en) | 2010-05-31 |
JP2002001603A (en) | 2002-01-08 |
DE10023535A1 (en) | 2001-11-15 |
HRP20010340B1 (en) | 2004-10-31 |
ATE255974T1 (en) | 2003-12-15 |
EP1153683A1 (en) | 2001-11-14 |
HU224377B1 (en) | 2005-08-29 |
JP4123332B2 (en) | 2008-07-23 |
PL347464A1 (en) | 2001-11-19 |
NO20012347L (en) | 2001-11-14 |
BR0102564B1 (en) | 2009-05-05 |
BR0102564A (en) | 2002-07-23 |
SG99359A1 (en) | 2003-10-27 |
US6711976B2 (en) | 2004-03-30 |
CZ20011306A3 (en) | 2002-01-16 |
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