KR100940428B1 - Deburring tool for deburring on the interior and/or exterior - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to, for example, the joining edge of a vertical bore of a longitudinal hole of a cross bore or a vertical bore of a deep hole bore having different diameters of vertical slots or engine blocks, tubular workpiece ends, edges or cogs on and within the flat workpiece surface. And deburring tools for inner and / or outer deburring of a workpiece such as the surface of a chain wheel. The deburring tool can be mounted to the machine tool and pressure controlled. Thus, the cutting force can be variably adapted to various materials and burr dimensions that change during processing. Corresponding to the embodiment of the deburring tool, the deburring of the various workpieces is ensured in a short time with good quality. The deburring tool according to the invention has the decisive advantage that it can be used in an intermittent actuation assembly line of state of the art manufacturing.

Bore, Joint Edge, Workpiece, Deburring, Deburring Tool, Machine Tool, Cutting Force, Burr

Description

Deburring tool for inner and / or outer deburring {DEBURRING TOOL FOR DEBURRING ON THE INTERIOR AND / OR EXTERIOR}

The invention relates to, for example, the joining edge of a vertical bore of a longitudinal hole of a cross bore or a vertical bore of a deep hole bore having different diameters of vertical slots or engine blocks, tubular workpiece ends, edges or cogs on and within the flat workpiece surface. And a deburring tool for inner and / or outer deburring of a workpiece, such as the surface of a chain wheel, and also a method belonging thereto. The deburring tool is rotary and / or translationally in use, comprising a fixed end and an end having a support body positioned therein and at least one cutting edge body movably disposed at the opening and including a cutting edge. It includes a tool shaft.

In the prior art a deburring tool for the deburring of the joining edge of the bore is known from DE 43 07 084 C2. The device is provided with a support surface on a cutting edge body in which the cutting edge is seated in a central recess and is pressed by an elastic force provided radially through a support body made of elastomeric material and movably guided in an opening. By the cutting edge body is supported on the support body. When the predetermined pressing force is exceeded, the cutting edge is elastically curled. It is also possible to receive the support body with the initial stress in the recess. Support on the support body allows movement of the cutting edge body to enable effective deburring of the bonding edges located in the chamber. Radial and axial combined guides are provided for the deburring tool. The axial component should facilitate the process of introduction into the bore of the workpiece, and the axial movement of the deburring tool is converted to radial movement of the cutting edge body via the shape structure of the corresponding supporting surface of the opening. In addition, the support body can be adapted to the use needs to enable the necessary movement through the determination of shape, material and material quality. The support body has a pyramid, truncated pyramid, cone, truncated cone, prismatic, ball, or cylindrical shape. However, the required movement can also be switched through the combination of the shape of the support body and the recess. Preferably the recess can be formed as a truncated cone, prismatic or cylindrical recess. Such a shape is likewise provided for the configuration of the opening. Limitation of movement to radial displacement to the outside of the cutting edge body must be achieved, the cutting edge body being provided with a so-called foot, by which the cutting edge body is attached to a part of the inner surface of the recess provided on the side of the opening. Supported. The decisive disadvantage of the deburring tool shown in DE 43 07 084 C2 is that the cutting edge (s) contact the bore wall by means of the elastic force exerted through the cutting blade body when the deburring tool is introduced into the bore and thus is measurable and optically It does not generate a visible trace. This is undesirable for example in friction bores of the engine block. Also disadvantageous is the replacement of the support body, which is always required when changing the workpiece material to be processed. The required support body exchange is very difficult to operate, especially at smaller tool diameters, for example a diameter of 2 mm.                 

In addition, all known deburring tools have the disadvantage that they cannot be adapted to the burr dimensional conditions that change during machining, which are caused by the wear of the burr generating tool. In the unused tool, ie the initial state, the burr generated during machining of the workpiece is still small. However, the burr can be about 10 times larger in the terminal state of the tool. Known deburring tools are now measured for burr dimensions that are always in the late stage, whereby a constant different chamfer is generated on the part to be deburred of the workpiece. It is also important that known deburring tools can often be used only for the deburring of the workpiece or part of the workpiece, for example only for the inner deburring of the joining edge of the workpiece or of the vertical bore or the outer deburring of the edge of the workpiece surface. . Such deburring tools often require large manufacturing costs, and the disadvantage is that short deburring times corresponding to modern intermittent actuation assembly lines are not achieved. Currently, for example, the joining edges of vertical bores of deep bore bores having different diameters of longitudinal and vertical slots or engine blocks of cross bores or bores, tubular workpiece ends, edges or cogs on and within flat workpiece surfaces and No generally known deburring tool or system for deburring workpieces, such as the surface of chain wheels, is also known.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to adjust cutting forces on burr dimensions and different materials that change during processing, to be manufactured at low cost, to allow simple operation when the tool diameter is smaller, to have good quality and the latest intermittent actuation assembly line. It is to devise a deburring tool for the inner and / or outer deburring of the initially mentioned type of workpiece, which ensures a technical deburring of the workpiece of various geometric shapes and sizes with a short cycle time.

In order to achieve this object, the deburring tool is further developed through the features of independent claim 1. The spacing of the cutting edge bodies that are movably supported on the surface of the support body is determined so that the cutting edge (s) do not fall inward when the pressure p is zero bar. This means that the cutting edge (s) are correctly guided in the tubular shaft piece and are not in contact with the bore surface by a force F greater than zero Newtons. Accurate cutting edge guidance is provided, and the cutting edge body includes a cutting edge intermediate portion including a cutting edge, a radial side cutting edge path defining portion, or a radial end surface cutting edge path defining portion or a cylindrical cutting edge path defining portion. Thus, advantageously no trace is generated in the bore wall through the cutting edge (s) when the deburring tool is introduced into the bore. Through the various structures of the surface of the support body and the cutting edge body in shape and dimension, there will always be a surface difference which causes the movement of the cutting edge (s) outwardly under pressure. The surfaces of the support body and the cutting edge body can be rectangular, triangular, cylindrical or prismatic, and the surfaces can be arranged not only parallel but also parallel to the longitudinal axis of the tool shaft. In addition, the cutting edge body supported at the opening of the tubular shaft piece is dimensioned such that only a minimal pressure reduction occurs during deburring but a greater pressure reduction during insertion and withdrawal of the deburring tool. A material consisting of a fluid or gaseous or gas-fluid-mixture pressurized by the pressure into the through bore of the tool shaft moves the cutting edge (s) outward. The pressure p on the cutting edge body surface should always be greater than atmospheric pressure and less than 500 bar, preferably 4 to 60 bar. Suitable fluid materials are bore emulsions, bore oils or mixtures or other usable materials for cooling and / or lubrication. Feeding is via hollow working spindles present in the machine tool, but also via a support or separate connection of the machine tool. As the gaseous material, gases such as welding gas, inert gas, air pressure or carbon monoxide can be used. It is likewise possible to supply gas-fluid-mixtures such as, for example, air comprising 10-15 percent portions of the bore oil to be mixed. For example, for the deburring of the joining edge of the vertical bore of the engine block, a pressure p of 3 bar is programmed into the machine tool control before introducing the deburring tool into the bore. When the tool is moved into the bore, the cutting edge existing outside the tool shaft is moved inward. Thus, some areas of the opening may be released and fluid or gaseous material that is pressurized into the through bores of the deburring tool may flow out. When the cutting edge is introduced into the vertical bore, the cutting edge is moved outward through the applied pressure generated through the surface difference existing between the support body and the cutting edge body. A predetermined force is now applied which can be used for deburring. The desired supply of material pressurized into the through bore of the tool shaft is such that when deburring of smaller bore diameters up to 4.5 mm, the tubing shaft piece of the deburring tool is arranged with an internal clamping set screw which is placed through the through bore perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis. It is coupled with the tool shaft through the core diameter D1 of the inner clamping fixing screw, which is possible when the diameter D is smaller than the diameter D3 of the through bore and the diameter D is equal to the diameter of the through bore. Further, the inner clamping fixing screw includes a slot in the region of the through bore, the shaft piece side end of the inner clamping fixing screw is formed in a conical shape, and the angle α becomes smaller than 10 degrees. Preferably, the pressure p can be increased programmatically in accordance with the amount of drilling, with the material and the burr dimensions increasing arising through the wear of the drill. Similarly, it is also possible to contact the burr base of the deburred vertical bore in a pressure released state. The deburring tool according to the invention is particularly easy to operate in spite of the smaller tool diameter since no replacement of parts according to function is required. In addition, according to the test, a deburring tool for deburring the non-flat bore outlet can be used. This means, for example, that the radial plane or part of this plane is suitable for the position of the tool outlet. However, at present, nonetheless, there is a problem in the deburring of the joining edges of larger vertical bores with diameters of 3 mm or more, since an increase in productivity is not possible and the quality of the deburring result is deteriorated when the advancing / cutting speed is increased. It can be seen that the cutting edges disposed on the cutting edge body in the tubular shaft piece, distributed over the periphery of the shaft piece, are not in complete contact. In addition, the cutting edge of the deburring tool is arranged in the plane in the axial direction. The proposed embodiment of the deburring tool features an opening arranged in the tubular shaft piece at least two narrowly positioned, radially symmetrical and axially offset by about (m). The opening may be arranged asymmetrically in the tubular shaft piece. The size m is smaller than the amount of travel of the cutting edge. Advantageously, because a plurality of cutting edges are in direct contact, larger vertical bores are deburred in an extremely short time with good quality. The rotation speed of the deburring tool can be raised to 2000 U / min at the same compression ratio. Thus, the prerequisite for using the deburring tool in the intermittent actuation assembly line of the state of the art manufacturing is provided.

Now, with another embodiment of the deburring tool according to the invention, the joining edges of the cross bores having different diameters of the deep hole bores can be deburred at the same time, thereby eliminating the provision of additional deburring tools. To this end, the tubular shaft piece of a deburring tool with a centrally arranged through bore, having a deburring unit at its end, extends layered by a smaller diameter and another deburring unit, and of a deburring unit having a smaller diameter. The work side end is a threaded integral latch plate comprising a support body. If desired, the tubular shaft piece may be layered multiple times in diameter, with a deburring unit formed structurally identical behind each layer. Apparatuses and tools are known from the prior art for the cutting deburring of the tubular end of a workpiece to remove the burrs of the end of the cylindrical tube of the inner as well as the outer edge. An apparatus for simultaneous deburring of the inner and outer edges of a cylindrical tube is shown in DE-OS 26 58 344.

The device is formed as a rotationally symmetrical tubular deburring cap, a top bore disposed on the drive shaft of the rotary lathe, and two tool pairs arranged in the inner chamber so as to be axially displaceable via compression means, for example pressure oil. It consists of a top piece having a sleeve comprising a. When the inner and outer edge deburring tubes are introduced into the tube supply openings of the tube deburring cap, the two tool pairs can be adapted to the inner and outer edges of the tube uniformly through an increase in the axial force acting on the tube. Rotation of the tube deburring cap may enable simultaneous deburring of two tube edges. The device shown in DE-OS 26 58 344 has the disadvantage that it is complex in construction, requires high manufacturing costs and can only be used for simultaneous deburring of the inner and outer contours of the cylindrical tube. This disadvantage is eliminated by the deburring tool according to the invention. For this purpose, the deburring tool has a tool shaft with a fixed end and a tool side shaft end integrally formed with a through bore located therein, the shaft end having a hollow cylinder shape, and a hollow surrounding the tubular end of the workpiece to be machined. The parts of the cylinder comprise a plurality of cylindrical cutting edge bodies distributed over the periphery in the through bore and disposed in the opening and including cutting edges, the cutting edges in the longitudinal direction, the cutting edge bodies having a spacing in the conical formed support body. Adjacent with the excitation, the support body is changed in such a way that it is fixedly positioned and engaged with the latch plate. The latch plate is pressure-sealed to close the end of the through bore of the part, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the deburring tool. For this purpose, it is also necessary for the inner diameter D4 of the part to be larger than the outer diameter of the tubular end of the workpiece. For simultaneous inward and outward deburring of the work end, the hollow cylinder is equipped with a complete deburring tool comprising a plurality of cutting edges distributed over the periphery and indicating the direction of the surrounding parts of the hollow cylinder. The deburring tool and hollow cylinder used are pressure-sealed through bolted connections extending through bores. The diameter D5 of the deburring tool is smaller than the inner diameter of the tubular end to be deburred of the workpiece. Another embodiment of the deburring tool ensures that the edge burrs on and within the flat surface of the workpiece, such as, for example, a plate or perforated plate, which are machined through a punching die, are removed without damage to the surface in a very short time which is advantageous in terms of cost. do. For this deburring tool, the tool shaft is rotatable, and the tool side shaft end is fixed with a cylindrical connecting piece having a larger diameter, the connecting piece having a centered hemispherical support body, and a cutting comprising a cutting edge. And at least four circularly arranged and offset through bores for engaging elements for securing a shaft piece having a plurality of circularly arranged openings in the end face for receiving the blade body. In addition, the cutting edge body comprising the cutting edge may be arranged in a plane spiral or parallel to the end face of the shaft piece in the opening. The connecting piece may comprise a axially inclined truncated conical support body, or an inclined milled slot and an axially inclined cylindrical support body.

Finally, there is a method in which the deburring tool according to the invention for cutting outer deburring of the surfaces of cog wheels and chain wheels is used. To this end, a corresponding method of operation can be disclosed, which creates the prerequisites for the deburring of the cog wheels and the chain wheels in the latest intermittent actuation assembly line. This means that the deburring tool is controlled radially (f1) and axially (f2) by a pressure of at least 3 bar in accordance with the feed movement made relative to the workpiece, along the contour to be machined and / or linearly with respect to the workpiece by travel. At the same time, the workpiece is achieved by moving clockwise and / or counterclockwise with a rotation speed of at least 100 U / min. Similarly, the progression per revolution of the workpiece is characterized by being 0.01 to 0.3 mm, preferably 0.05 to 0.2 mm. At the same time it is possible to use a plurality of deburring tools for this.

The invention is explained in more detail in the Examples. The accompanying drawings are shown for this purpose.

1 is a cross-sectional view of a deburring tool according to the present invention.

2 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a deburring tool.

3 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a preliminary deburring machine.

4 is a cross-sectional view of the radial side cutting support.

FIG. 5 shows various support embodiments of the cutting edge body disposed over the support body in cross section in A-A of FIG. 4.

Fig. 6 shows an end face side cutting edge embodiment in cross section in B-B in Fig. 4;

7 is a plan view of FIG.

8 is a side view of FIG. 6.

9 shows a longitudinal cross section of another embodiment of a deburring tool.

Figure 10 shows, in side and plan view, a circular cutting edge receptacle comprising several embodiments of cutting edges and shoulders.

Figure 11 shows another coupling of the shaft piece and the tool shaft in cross section.

Figure 12 shows an embodiment of the inner clamping screw of Figure 11;

Figure 13 shows in cross section a new engagement of the shaft piece and the tool shaft.

Figure 14 shows another embodiment of the shaft piece side end of the inner clamping set screw in a longitudinal cross section.

Figure 15 shows the internal clamping fixing screw of Figure 13 in a longitudinal cross section.

Figure 16 shows a bore having two different diameters and two vertical bores in a workpiece.                 

Figure 17 shows the corresponding deburring tool.

FIG. 18 shows a specific embodiment of the workpiece-side end of the deburring tool of FIG. 17.

Figure 19 shows in cross section a deburring tool for deburring of the outer edge of the tubular end of the workpiece.

Figure 20 shows in cross section a deburring tool for simultaneous deburring of the outer and inner edges of the tubular end of the workpiece.

Figure 21 shows a deburring tool for plane deburring in a side sectional view.

FIG. 22 shows the end face of the shaft piece of the deburring tool of FIG. 21.

Figure 23 shows another embodiment of the end face of the shaft piece of the deburring tool of Figure 21;

Figure 24 shows in cross section the deburring tool supplied for outer deburring of the cog wheels.

Fig. 25 shows in cross section the deburring tool supplied for outer deburring of the chain wheel.

Figure 26 shows a tubular shaft piece with three openings in plan view and a tubular shaft piece in cross section at CC.

Reference list

1: tool shaft

2: fixed end                 

3: cutting edge

4: longitudinal axis

5: tool shaft end

6: supporting body

7: cutting edge middle, cylindrical

8: bearing spacing

9: preliminary deburring machine

10: opening

11: tubular shaft piece

12: through bore

13: connecting elements (screw stem and guide)

14: Component connection

15: spanner opening

16: connecting elements (locking screws, pins, clamping pins)

17: latch plate

18: Radial side cutting edge path definition

19: Radial front cutting edge path limitation

20: adapter

       21: cutting edge body

22: recess                 

23: shoulder

24: shoulder height

25: tall surface

26: Bore

27: Cylindrical cutting edge path limitation

28: blinds / throttle

29: internal clamping set screw

30: vertical bore

31: shaft piece side end

32: inner hexagon

33: slot

34: connection piece

35: surrounding portion of the hollow cylinder

36: Deburring tool as a unit

37: bolt connection

a: wall thickness of the shaft piece 11

b: cutting edge width

c: cutting edge height

C1: depth

d: thickness of cutting edge body 21                 

f: width of shoulder 21

L1: length of cutting edge body 21

L2: Length of the projection of the cutting edge relative to the support body

F1: surface of cutting edge 3

F2: surface of cutting edge 3

F3: surface of cutting edge 3

A: Deburring Unit

B: Deburring Unit

M: generally the diameter of the shaft piece 11

M2: smaller diameter of the shaft piece 11

M3: larger diameter of the shaft piece 11

D: diameter of the internal clamping fixing screw 29

D1: core diameter of the internal clamping fixing screw (29)

D3: diameter of through bore 12

D4: Inner diameter of part 35

D5: diameter of deburring tool 36

f1: radial progression

f2: axial travel

1 shows a longitudinal cross section of a deburring tool according to the invention. It can be seen that the conical support body 6 is arranged as fixed support at the tool shaft end 5. A connecting element 13, for example a tubular shaft piece 11 connected with the tool shaft 1 via thread stems and guides, is loosely adjacent on the surface of the support body 6 at intervals of at least 0.05 mm. It has two rectangular cutting edge bodies 21 movably supported in the opening 10, with radial side cutting edge path defining portions 18. On the end face of the tubular shaft piece 11 a plurality of slots are arranged as preliminary deburring machine 9. The preliminary deburring machine 9 is used for deburring a workpiece having a large stretching force, for example steel. Here, the slots are formed at an angle of 45 degrees and are 0.5 mm deep and at least 0.8 mm wide. The preliminary deburring machine 9 may be a banjo bolt with a slot. When the drilling oil with the pressure p is fed into the through bore 12 through the component connection 14, which may be formed as a thread or core removal hole, the cutting configured by the shoulders 23 on the cutting edge body 21. Pressure is established to move the blade (s) 3 outward. The through bore 12 is centered on the longitudinal axis 4 of the tool shaft 1 up to the end of the support body 6. However, the through bore 12 may be arranged asymmetrically. When the pressure p is reduced to zero bar, the cutting edge 3 is moved to the surface of the support body 6. Most machine tools include a coolant and lubricant supply which can be programmed by a CNC control device, via its work spindle. The structure of the deburring tool, in which the working spindle comprises a material supply, allows the control of the pressure p over the path and time. Thus, since the cutting force of the deburring tool can be variably adjusted through pressure, various materials can be deburred without problems by the deburring tool according to the present invention. In addition, the time-controlled pressure rise controls the increased burr dimension caused by tool wear. It may also be combined with a burr detection sensor. At the machine side end of the tool shaft 1 a component connection 14 and an adapter 20 are arranged for the extension of the tool shaft 1 as needed. The tubular shaft piece 11 has a spanner opening 15 for quick and simple assembly of the deburring tool.

FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a deburring tool, with radial side cutting edge path confinement adjacent the cylindrical support body 6 with two cutting edge bodies 21 formed conical with a spacing 8. 18 is guaranteed. Here, the tubular shaft piece 11 is coupled with the tool shaft 1 via a clamping pin 16, for example. At the end face of the shaft piece 11, a through bore-shaped hole 28 is arranged which allows for the release of the pressure of the deburring tool and which can additionally be used for cleaning the bore surface and for removing oil and / or chips. . Pressure reduction is also possible when the through bore 12 of the tool shaft 1 comprises a blind-hole with radial stems. In addition, this embodiment has no other difference compared with the deburring tool shown in FIG.

3 shows a sectional view of another embodiment of a preliminary deburring machine 9. The end face of the tubular shaft piece 11 shows a latch plate 17 having a plurality of slots.

Fig. 4 shows, in cross section, the radial side cutting edge support in a pressure released state with a bearing clearance 8 of zero. The surface of the support body 6 and the surface of the rectangular cutting edge body 21 are loosely positioned with each other. It can also be seen that the tubular shaft piece 11 receives a cutting edge body 21 which is movably supported in the opening 10 and comprises the cutting edge 3. In order to ensure the normal operation of the deburring tool, twice the length L2 of the projection of the cutting edge body 21 with respect to the support body 6 is less than or equal to the length L1 of the cutting blade body 21 and The thickness d of the cutting edge body 21 is smaller than the wall thickness a of the tubular shaft piece 11 and the thickness d of the cutting blade body 21 is larger than the cutting edge height c. It is important. If this structural feature is not achieved for the radial side cutting edge support, the cutting edge 3 is inclined inwards. The deburring tool cannot be used.

FIG. 5 shows various supporting embodiments of the cutting edge body 21 arranged on the support body 6 in cross section in A-A of FIG. 4. The support embodiments recognize the necessity of a plane difference between the surface of the support body 6 and the cutting edge body 21, which ensures the movement of the cutting edge (s) at pressure p.

Fig. 6 shows two cutting edge embodiments on the end face side in cross section in B-B in Fig. 4; The cutting edge body 21 comprises a cutting edge 3 having a cutting edge width b and a cutting edge height c smaller than 0.5 mm. Similarly, shoulder heights 24 that are less than or equal to the cutting edge height c are also shown. The shoulder angle δ is particularly important for smaller vertical bores with a diameter smaller than 2 mm. Advantageously, the shoulder angle δ should be reduced to 5 to 45 degrees. In larger vertical bores it may be greater than 45 degrees. Thus, unobstructed deburring of the vertical bore is possible.

FIG. 7 shows a top view of FIG. 6 including shoulders 23 and recesses 22 in which the depth C1 can be formed differently. Thus, shorter travel times of the cutting edge can be achieved under pressure or the cutting edge is moved to the home position by itself. The shoulder 23 adopts a cutting force and a frictional force acting laterally, so that cutting edge breakage is prevented.

8 shows a side view of FIG. The surfaces F1, F2, F3 of the cutting edge 3 determine the clearance angle α of 0 degrees. This is particularly advantageous for the effective deburring of the vertical bore, wherein the deburring tool is operated at clockwise travel and counterclockwise return. All known deburring tools have a clearance angle α greater than zero degrees at the active cutting edge, through which they can only deburr in one direction. In the deburring process, newly generated burrs cannot be removed in the same work process. The deburring tool according to the invention can remove new burrs (secondary burrs), which sometimes occur on return. Also, with respect to the cutting edge 3, the surfaces F1, F2, F3 are always arranged in parallel with respect to the x axis and the y axis. Similarly, the cutting edge 3 is provided with a radial end face side cutting edge path defining portion 19. The inclination angle γ of the cutting edge 3 greater than zero degrees prevents damage to the workpiece surface, such as for example bore walls, during the deburring process.

9 shows a longitudinal cross section of another embodiment of a deburring tool. The tool shaft 1 here is engaged with the tubular shaft piece 11 via three fixing screws 16 offset about 60 degrees from the periphery of the shaft piece 11. The through bore 12 is centered on the longitudinal axis 4 of the tool shaft 1 up to the center of the cylindrical support body 6. Two bores 26 are guided in the direction of the cutting edge 3 directly from the end of the through bore 12 located in the support body 6. The cutting edge intermediate part 7 holds the cutting edge 3 and is formed by a circular or two laterally disposed surface and is movably supported in the opening 10 of the shaft piece 11.

10 shows, in side and plan view, a plurality of circular cutting edge receptacles comprising various embodiments of cutting edge 3 and shoulder 23. Embodiments of a) and b) also comprise a side view, in which a) is shown a cylindrical cutting edge path defining portion 27 comprising a cutting edge intermediate portion 7 and a cutting edge 3 directly adjoining thereon. . The cutting edge intermediate part 7 comprises an anti-rotation key surface 25. The cutting edge middle is not present in b). The cutting edge receptacles of c), d), e), f) and g) are shown in plan view. c) shows two cutting edges 3 and two milling shoulders 23, and d) shows two cutting edges and two perforated shoulders 23. For deburring the bore of the casting, the cutting edge receiver shown in e) with the groove cutting edge can be used. The groove cutting edge can better compensate the casting spacing. The cutting edge receptacle of f) comprises two cutting edges and two shoulders, the cutting edge and the shoulder being made in a form not parallel to the central axis. In the cutting edge accommodating parts e) and f), since the fixing through the key surface is not made, the shoulder and the cutting edge can be changed. Thus, one type of self-locking device is provided corresponding to the conditions of the burr. g) shows a circular cutting edge receptacle comprising asymmetrically arranged cutting edges and shoulders.

In Fig. 11 another combination of the tubular shaft piece 11 and the tool shaft 1 is shown in cross section. For this engagement, at least two internal clamping fixing screws 29 are guided into the through bore 12 through the shaft piece 11 and the tool shaft 1 perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 4. do. However, the inner clamping set screw 29 may only be guided up to the through bore 12. The position of the inner clamping set screw 29 determines the size of the cross section of the through bore 12. Thus, the amount of flow of material pressurized into the through bore 12 and the pressure p on the cutting edge body surface can be varied as desired.

Figure 12 shows an embodiment of the inner clamping screw of Figure 11; The through bore side end of the inner clamping set screw 29 includes at least one vertical bore 30 that can also act as a throttle / blind, ensuring flow under all positional conditions of the inner clamping set screw 29. In addition, a bore 28 which acts as a throttle / blind can be arranged in the longitudinal direction of the inner clamping set screw 29. Thus, a pressure reduction in the radial direction of the deburring tool is possible. All known cooling and lubrication systems for machine tools are designed for high pressures. For the deburring of castings made of aluminum or cast iron, adjustment in the low pressure region, for example 3 bar, is not mechanically possible. However, the deburring tool has a plurality of methods for reducing the pressure, which can be used differently depending on the use case. The shaft piece side end 31 has a diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the inner clamping fixing screw 29 and the length is smaller than the wall thickness a of the shaft piece 11. Advantageously, the transition to the outer diameter of the inner clamping set screw 29 of the shaft piece side end 31 is formed in a ball or cone shape. At the end of the shaft piece side for improved assembly and manipulation, for example, an inner hexagon 32 for the spanner is arranged. The inner hexagon 32 can be replaced via a slot or cross slot.

In Fig. 13 a new engagement of the shaft piece and the tool shaft is shown in cross section. It is shown here that the tubular shaft piece 11 is coupled with the tool shaft 1 via an internal clamping set screw 29 which is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 4 and arranged through the through bore 12. The internal clamping set screw 29 comprises a slot 33 in the region of the through bore 12.

Figure 14 shows another embodiment of the shaft piece side end of the inner clamping set screw in a longitudinal cross section. The shaft piece side end 31 of the inner clamping fixing screw 29 is formed conical, and the angle α is smaller than 10 degrees. This prevents damage to the bore wall, in particular, and achieves an improved gap compensation of the internal clamping fixing screw for the cutting edge body movably supported in the opening. An inner hexagon 32 is arranged at the shaft piece side end 31 for assembly.

Figure 15 shows the internal clamping fixing screw of Figure 13 in a longitudinal cross section. For reliable deburring of extremely small bore diameters, for example 2.8 mm, the diameter D3 of the through bore 12 of the tool shaft 1 is larger than the core diameter D1 of the internal clamping set screw 29. This is possible when the diameter D3 of the bore 12 and the diameter D of the inner clamping fixing screw 29 are the same. Thus, the material pressurized into the through bore 12, for example air pressure, can be reached to the cutting edge without limitation.

Figure 16 shows a bore with two different diameters (d0, d1) and two vertical bores (dvertical) in the workpiece. This means in particular that two different inlet diameters for the deburring of this joining edge of the vertical bore are provided for the deburring tool.

FIG. 17 shows a deep hole formed as a step tool, including deburring units A and B for deburring the joining edges of the cross bores having the diameter (d0 / d vertical, d1 / d vertical) of the workpiece of FIG. A deburring tool for the bore is shown. The deburring unit A having a diameter M3 deburrs the joining edge of the cross bores having a diameter d0 / d vertical, and the deburring unit B having a diameter M2 has a diameter d1 / d vertical. Deburring the junction edges of the cross bores having. The two deburring units A, B comprise a tubular shaft piece 11 with a through bore 12 centered as a base. The tubular shaft piece can be set in plural layers in diameter M if necessary, and similar deburring units are arranged along each layer.

FIG. 18 shows a specific embodiment of the workpiece-side end of the deburring tool of FIG. 17. A threaded integral latch plate 17 is shown comprising a support body 6. The tool shaft 1 is coupled via a tubular shaft piece 11 and a pin 16. Normal operation of the deburring tool is ensured through the gap 8 existing between the support body 6 and the tubular shaft piece 11. Said specific embodiment of the tool-side end of the deburring tool ensures a linear pressure supply, through which the efficiency of the deburring tool is determined in particular.

19 shows a deburring tool for deburring the outer edge of the tubular end of the workpiece in cross section. It can be seen that the tool shaft 1 with the fixed end 2 and the tool side shaft end 5 in the form of a hollow cylinder are formed integrally with the through bore 12 located therein. The enclosing portion 35 of the hollow cylinder encloses the tubular end to be machined (not shown) of the workpiece, for this purpose a plurality of cylinders distributed over the periphery and disposed in the opening 10 and comprising the cutting edge 3. The cutting blade body 21 is provided in the through bore 12. The cutting edge 3 is shown in the longitudinal axis 4 direction. The end of the through bore 12 of the enclosing portion 35 of the hollow cylinder is pressure-sealed through the latch plate 17. Corresponding positioning of the cutting edge body 21 is possible with the spacing 8 at the conical shaped support body 6, the support body 6 being fixedly coupled to the latch plate 17. It is important for the normal operation of the deburring tool that the inner diameter D4 of the enclosing portion 35 of the hollow cylinder is larger than the outer diameter of the tubular end to be machined of the workpiece.

Figure 20 shows in cross section a deburring tool for simultaneous deburring of the outer and inner edges of the tubular end of the workpiece. For this purpose, the deburring tool shown in FIG. 19 is changed quickly and simply so that the complete deburring tool 36 is mounted on the hollow cylinder 5. The deburring tool 36 comprises a plurality of cutting edges 3 distributed over the periphery and shown in the direction of the enclosing portion 35 of the hollow cylinder. The hollow cylinder 5 and the deburring tool 36 are joined via bolted connections 37 extending through bores 12. In order to enable simultaneous deburring of the inner and outer edges of the tubular end of the workpiece, the diameter D5 of the deburring tool 36 must be smaller than the inner diameter of the tubular end of the workpiece.

Figure 21 shows an embodiment of a deburring tool for the removal of edge burrs in the plane and in the plane of the workpiece. The tool shaft 1 of the tool shaft end 5 is shown with a fixed cylindrical connecting piece 34 having a larger diameter, the connecting piece 34 having a centered hemispherical support body 6, And four circular arrangements for the set screw 16 for fixing the shaft piece 11 having a plurality of openings 10 at its end faces for receiving the cutting blade body 21 including the cutting edge 3. And includes a through bore approximately 90 ° apart. The cutting edge body 21 is arranged in a plane parallel to the end face of the shaft piece 11 in the opening 10 so that the cutting edge 3, such as a hob cutter, is deburred and is particularly suitable for large planes. .

The deburring tool is rotatably coupled with the working spindle of the machine tool via its tool shaft 1. Depending on the position of the surface to be machined of the workpiece, the tool shaft 1 may extend. For this purpose, a component connection 14 and an adapter 20 are arranged at the machine end of the tool shaft 1.

FIG. 22 shows the end face of the shaft piece of the deburring tool of FIG. 21. On the end face of the shaft piece 11 there are eight circularly arranged openings 10 and four circularly arranged for fixing screws 16 for fixing the shaft piece 11 to the connecting piece 34 and approximately 90 It can be seen that there are spaced through bores.

Figure 23 shows another embodiment of the end face of the shaft piece of the deburring tool of Figure 21; At the end face there are four circularly arranged fixing screws 16 arranged approximately 90 ° apart and an opening 10 for receiving the cutting blade body comprising the cutting edge, respectively.

24 shows in cross section a deburring tool supplied for outer deburring of the cog wheels. After the gear wheel with a rotation speed of 120 U / min is set to move clockwise, the deburring tool 36 having a pressure of 5 bar in the radial direction f1 is controlled with 0.07 mm progression for each gear revolution. Guided linearly to the wheel. Then, upon return, it is operated counterclockwise by the same gear rotation. Through this, a tooth tip height of 4 mm in 50 seconds or less can be deburred regardless of the diameter of the gear.

Fig. 25 shows in cross section the deburring tool supplied for outer deburring of the chain wheel. The chain wheel rotates clockwise at a speed of 200 U / min. The deburring tool is controlled with a pressure of 4 bar and traveling in the radial direction f1 and the axial direction f2 to follow the shape of the chain wheel. Progress is determined at 0.07 mm for each chain wheel rotation in the forward and return directions. The tooth height of the chain wheel is 60mm. The deburring time for 36 teeth, including addendum circle and dedendum circle, is about 45 seconds. The method according to the invention can also be carried out for simultaneous outer deburring of a plurality of chain wheels when two deburring tools are arranged spaced apart. Thus, a plurality of tooth profiles can be deburred simultaneously when the deburring time is further reduced.

The tubular shaft piece 11 shown in plan view in FIG. 26 shows three openings 10 spaced about 0.1 mm apart in the axial direction. In addition, in the cross section CC of the tubular shaft piece 11, a total of six openings 10, that is, three narrowly opposed openings 10, are arranged radially symmetrically in the tubular shaft piece 11. You can see that it is. The opening 10 receives a cutting edge body, not shown, which includes the cutting edge. This arrangement of openings 10 allows the three cutting edges to make direct contact and the three cutting edges to make indirect contact. By axial spacing by about width m, the overall travel per revolution of the deburring tool can be increased to 0.6 mm.

Claims (63)

Such as the joining edge of vertical bores of cross bores or longitudinal bores of longitudinal and vertical slots or engine blocks of different diameters, tubular workpiece ends, flat workpiece surfaces and edges on or within the surface of cog wheels and chain wheels. A deburring tool for inner or outer deburring of the workpiece, the tool shaft 1 having a fixed end 2 and an end 5 having an inner support body 6 made of elastomeric material, which is rotary or translational in use And the support body 6 is movably disposed in the opening 10 formed in the shaft piece 11 and at least of the cutting edge body 21 radially pressing the cutting edge 3 by an elastic force. In a deburring tool supporting one support surface, The support body 6 is arranged as a fixed bearing on the end 5 of the tool shaft, The tubular shaft piece 11, which is engaged with the tool shaft 1 via one or more connecting elements 13, is movably supported in the opening 10 and has a spacing 8 on the surface of the support body 6. Having a cutting edge body 21 positioned, the surface of the cutting edge body 21 is always geometrically different in shape and dimension from the surface of the support body 6, Deburring tool, characterized in that the fluid, gas or gas-fluid-mixture pressurized into the through bore (12) of the tool shaft (1) moves the cutting edge (3) outward. The deburring tool according to claim 1, wherein the connecting element is a thread stem and a guide. The deburring tool according to claim 1, wherein the shaft piece (11) is coupled with the tool shaft (1) via a plurality of clamping pins (16). The deburring tool according to claim 1, wherein the shaft piece (11) is engaged with the tool shaft (1) via a plurality of set screws (16) deviating 60 degrees from the circumference of the shaft piece (11). 2. The through bore 12 according to claim 1, wherein at least two internal clamping set screws 29 pass through the shaft piece 11 and the tool shaft 1 perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 4 of the tool shaft 1. Deburring tool, characterized in that guided to or into the through bore (12). 6. The deburring tool according to claim 5, wherein the inner clamping set screw (29) comprises a bore (28, 30) in radial or axial direction. The deburring according to claim 5, wherein the inner clamping set screw (29) comprises an inner hexagon (32) at the shaft piece side end (31) and at least one vertical bore (30) at the through bore side end. tool. The deburring according to claim 5, wherein the shaft piece side end portion (31) has a length smaller than the wall thickness (a) of the shaft piece (11) and a diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the internal clamping fixing screw (29). tool. 6. The deburring tool according to claim 5, wherein the transition portion of the shaft piece side end portion (31) to the outer diameter of the inner clamping fixing screw (29) is ball or conical. The deburring tool according to claim 1, wherein the fixed end (2) of the tool shaft (1) comprises a connector (14) for material supply and an adapter (20) for shaft extension. The deburring tool according to claim 1, wherein the end face on which the shaft piece (11) ends is provided with a plurality of slots to form a preliminary deburring machine (9). 12. Deburring tool according to claim 11, characterized in that the preliminary deburring machine (9) is a latch plate (17) with one or more slots. The deburring tool according to claim 11, wherein the preliminary deburring machine (9) is a hollow bolt with a slot. The deburring tool according to claim 1, characterized in that a through bore hole (28) is arranged in the end face of the shaft piece (11). The support surfaces of the cutting edge body 21 and the support body 6 are rectangular, triangular, cylindrical or prismatic, the surfaces being parallel or non-parallel to the longitudinal axis 4 of the tool shaft 1. Deburring tool, characterized in that arranged in. The cutting edge body (21) according to claim 1, wherein the cutting edge body (21) comprises a cutting edge intermediate portion (7) comprising a cutting edge (3), a radial side cutting edge path defining portion (18), and a radial front cutting edge path defining portion (19). Or a cylindrical cutting edge path defining portion 27. The deburring according to claim 1, wherein twice the length L2 of the support body 6 of the protrusion of the cutting edge body 21 is less than or equal to the length L1 of the cutting edge body 21. tool. The deburring tool according to claim 1, wherein the cutting edge (3) has a cutting edge height (c) and the cutting edge width (b) is smaller than 0.5 mm. The deburring tool according to claim 1, wherein the thickness d of the cutting edge body is greater than the cutting edge height c. The deburring tool according to claim 1, wherein the thickness d of the cutting edge body is less than the wall thickness a of the tubular shaft piece. The deburring tool according to claim 1, wherein the cutting edge (3) comprises shoulders (23) and recesses (22) formed at different depths. 2. The deburring tool according to claim 1, wherein the shoulder height (24) is less than or equal to the cutting edge height (c). The deburring tool according to claim 1, wherein the shoulder angle δ is 5 to 45 degrees in the vertical bore to be deburred with a diameter less than 2 mm. 2. The deburring tool according to claim 1, wherein the shoulder angle (δ) is greater than 45 degrees in the vertical bore to be deburred with a larger diameter. 2. The deburring tool according to claim 1, wherein the cutting edge has a clearance angle α of 0 degrees on the contacting edge. The deburring tool according to claim 25, wherein the clearance angle (α) is determined via the surfaces (F1, F2, F3) of the cutting edge (3). 27. The deburring tool according to claim 26, wherein the surfaces (F1, F2, F3) of the cutting edge (3) are always arranged parallel to the x and y axes. 28. The deburring tool according to claim 27, wherein the inclination angle [gamma] of the cutting edge (3) is greater than zero degrees. 2. The deburring tool according to claim 1, wherein the pressure (p) can be set according to the burr dimensions that change during processing. 30. The deburring tool according to claim 29, wherein the pressure (p) can be set according to the material. The deburring tool according to claim 1, wherein the setting of the pressure (p) is determined by a burr detection sensor.        32. The deburring tool according to claim 31, wherein the pressure p of the cutting edge body surface is greater than atmospheric pressure and less than 500 bar. The deburring tool according to claim 1, wherein the through bore (12) is centered on the longitudinal axis (4) of the tool shaft (1) up to the end of the support body (6). The deburring tool according to claim 1, wherein the through bore (12) of the tool shaft (1) is a blind hole with a radial outlet. The through bore (12) according to claim 1, wherein the through bore (12) is centered on the longitudinal axis (4) of the tool shaft (1) to the center of the support body (6), the bore (26) being cut from the end of the through bore (12). Deburring tool, characterized in that guided directly in the direction of the blade (3). The deburring tool according to claim 1, wherein the fluid material pressurized into the through bore (12) of the tool shaft (1) is a usable material for bore emulsion, bore oil or mixture or other cooling or lubrication. The deburring tool according to claim 1, wherein the gaseous material pressurized into the through bore (12) of the tool shaft (1) is a welding gas, an inert gas, air pressure or carbon dioxide. The deburring tool according to claim 1, wherein the gas-fluid-mixture pressurized into the through bore (12) of the tool shaft (1) is air comprising 10 to 15 percent portion of the bore oil to be mixed. The deburring tool according to claim 1, wherein the vertical bore is deburred upon clockwise progression and counterclockwise return of the deburring tool. The tool shaft (1) according to claim 1, wherein the tubular shaft piece (11) is through an internal clamping set screw (29) extending through the through bore (12) perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (4) of the tool shaft (1). ), The core diameter D1 of the fixing screw is smaller than the diameter D3 of the through bore 12, and the diameter D of the fixing screw is the same as the diameter D3 of the through bore 12. Deburring tool. 41. The deburring tool according to claim 40, wherein the internal clamping set screw (29) comprises a slot (33) in the portion of the through bore (12). 41. The deburring tool according to claim 40, wherein the shaft piece side end portion (31) of the inner clamping fixing screw (29) is formed conical, and the angle (α) is smaller than 10 degrees. 40. The tubular shaft piece 11 according to claim 39, comprising a through bore 12 having a diameter M3 and centered therein, has a deburring unit A and a deburring unit B having a smaller diameter M2. And a deburring unit (B) end is a threaded latch plate (17) integrated with the support body (6). The deburring tool according to claim 43, wherein the deburring units (A, B) are structurally identically formed. 45. The deburring tool according to claim 44, wherein the diameter (M) of the tubular shaft piece (11) is set in multiple layers and a deburring unit is arranged in each layer. The deburring tool according to claim 43, wherein a gap (8) is present between the tubular shaft piece (11) and the support body (6). 2. The tool shaft 1 according to claim 1, wherein the tool shaft 1 with the fixed end 2 and the end 5 of the tool shaft are integrally formed with a through bore 12 located therein, The shaft end 5 has the form of a hollow cylinder, The enclosing portion 35 of the hollow cylinder surrounding the tubular end of the workpiece to be machined has a plurality of cylindrical shapes including a cutting edge 3 in the through bore 12 that points in the longitudinal axis 4 direction of the tool shaft 1. Cutting edge body 21, the cutting edge body 21 being distributed over the circumference and disposed in the opening 10, The cutting edge body 21 is adjacent to the conical support body 6 with a spacing 8 therebetween, and the support body 6 is strongly coupled to the latch plate 17. 48. The deburring tool according to claim 47, wherein the inner diameter (D4) of the enclosing portion (35) of the hollow cylinder is larger than the outer diameter of the tubular end of the workpiece. 48. The deburring tool according to claim 47, wherein the latch plate (17) is pressure-sealed to close the end of the through bore (12) of the enclosing portion (35) of the hollow cylinder. 50. The hollow cylinder (5) is equipped with a complete deburring tool (36) comprising a plurality of cutting edges (3) distributed over the circumference and indicating the direction of the enclosing portion (35) of the hollow cylinder. Deburring tool, characterized in that. 51. The deburring tool according to claim 50, wherein the deburring tool (36) and the hollow cylinder (5) are pressure-sealed through a bolt connection (37) extending the through bore (12). 52. The deburring tool according to claim 51, wherein the diameter (D5) of the deburring tool (36) is smaller than the inner diameter of the tubular end of the workpiece. 43. The tool shaft (1) according to claim 42, wherein the tool shaft (1) is rotatable and a cylindrical connecting piece (34) having a larger diameter is strongly connected to the end (5) of the tool shaft, and the connecting piece (34) is centered. At least four circularly arranged and spaced through bores for engaging hemisphere support body 6 and coupling element 16 for securing shaft piece 11, the end face of the shaft piece having a cutting edge 3. Deburring tool, characterized in that it has a plurality of circularly arranged openings (10) for receiving a cutting edge body (21) comprising a). 54. The deburring tool according to claim 53, wherein the cutting blade body (21) comprising the cutting edge (3) is arranged in a plane parallel to the end face of the shaft piece (11) in the opening (10). . The deburring tool according to claim 53, wherein the cutting blade body (21) comprising the cutting edge (3) is arranged helically with respect to the end face of the shaft piece (11) in the opening (10). 54. The deburring tool according to claim 53, wherein the connecting piece (34) comprises a cutting conical support body (6) disposed axially inclined. The deburring tool according to claim 53, wherein the connecting piece (34) comprises a cylindrical support body (6) comprising an obliquely machined slot and inclined in an axial direction. 59. The deburring tool according to claim 57, wherein at least two closely located openings (10) are radially symmetrical and are arranged in the tubular shaft piece (11) spaced axially apart by a width m. 59. The deburring tool according to claim 58, wherein the opening (10) is arranged asymmetrically in the tubular shaft piece (11). 60. The deburring tool according to claim 59, wherein the width m is less than the amount of travel per cutting edge. After the deburring tool 36 has been moved to the workpiece, the deburring tool 36 is guided radially or axially, depending on the shape of the workpiece to be treated, to process the workpiece linearly at a pressure of 3 bar or more, and at the same time the workpiece is 100 U 43. A method for deburring the exterior of a workpiece by the deburring tool according to any one of claims 1 to 42, characterized by moving clockwise or counterclockwise at rotations of / min or more. 62. The method of claim 61, wherein the progression per revolution of the workpiece is between 0.01 and 0.3 mm. 63. A method according to claim 61 or 62, wherein a plurality of deburring tools are used at the same time.

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