SE545726C2

SE545726C2 - Assembly for producing concrete construction units

Info

Publication number: SE545726C2
Application number: SE2050482A
Authority: SE
Inventors: Aleksandr Ivanovich Cyban
Original assignee: Llc Vybor Obd
Priority date: 2017-12-25
Filing date: 2018-12-11
Publication date: 2023-12-19
Also published as: SE2050482A1; SA521420987B1; EA201800603A2; MA47892A1; MD4839B1; PL433560A1; EA037395B1; WO2019132722A1; MA47892B1; EA201800603A3; MD20200060A2

Abstract

An assembly for producing construction units includes a frame having a level surface; a pair of longitudinal shields, an end shield and a balcony shield; an apron; and a core; wherein rails, the apron serving as the base of the room unit to be produced, and the vertically-oriented core are fastened onto the frame. Moreover, the vertically-oriented core is equipped with hydraulic jacks for raising and lowering said core; and the pair of longitudinal shields, the end shield, and the balcony shield are equipped with hydraulic jacks, vibrators, and a locking system for securing the connection between the end shield and longitudinal shields, which are moved using the hydraulic jacks and sliding members that move along the rails. Moreover, a steam jacket is provided within the cavity of each of the indicated shields and the core, said steam jacket providing for the heating and strengthening of the product.

Description

ASSEMBLY FOR PRODUCING QÛNÉRETE CONSTRUCTION UNITS The apparatus relates to the production of ferroconcrete products, particular- ly monolithic construction units of the type of a shell.

A variety of constructions of assemblies for forming construction units is widely known.

An assembly for producing construction units is known that includes a rigid core and movable vertical outer shields (Yu. B. Monfred et al.: Zdaniya iz ob”emnykh blokov, Moscow, Stroyizdat, 1974, p. 253-274).

Shortfalls: an insufficient level of productivity of the assembly.

As the most pertinent prior art, an assembly for forming construction units is known from the specification of Patent No. 2106962, International Patent Class B28B 7/22 of April 14, 1993, published March 20,1998, comprising a core with ro- tatable longitudinal and transverse shields, tilters and stations for assembly, for- mation, heat treatment and striking. The apparatus is provided with an additional core with rotatable longitudinal and transverse shields and an additional heat treatment station. The cores are provided with supports for the shields and ar- ranged for reciprocating along the axis of the assembly from the formation station to the heat treatment stations and back, while the heat treatment stations are ar- ranged on opposite sides with respect to the tilters.

Shortfalls: an insufficient level of productivity.

The most pertinent prior art comprises a large number of parts for the preparation and execution of the formation process. The apparatus consists of stations for as- sembly, formation, heat treatment and striking, two movable cores and an addi- tional one. The cores have supports for the shields and are provided with wheels by which they are shifted on a rail track. To execute the technical process, much time is needed for the fitting of all constructive elements, resulting in high labour intensity. The operations in connection with the assembling and disassembling the press form are carried out manually rather than mechanically, which reduces productivity.

The technical result is an increase in the productivity of the assembly.

The technical result is achieved in that the assembly for producing concrete con- struction units includes a frame having a level surface to which a vertically oriented core is attached, a pair of longitudinal shields, an end shield and a balcony shield arranged on the frame, rails, and an apron serving as a base of the concrete con- struction units to be produced and, wherein the rails, the apron, and the vertically oriented core are fastened onto the frame, wherein the vertically oriented core is equipped with hydraulic jacks for raising and lowering the vertically oriented core, wherein the vertically oriented core is attached to the level surface of the frame by the hydraulic jacks for raising and lowering the vertically oriented core, and the pair of longitudinal shields, the end shield and the balcony shield are equipped with hydraulic jacks of the shields for horizontal movement in relation to the verti- cally oriented core along the rails of the frame using sliding members attached to each of the shields, the shields being further equipped with vibrators and a locking system using hydraulic jacks of the locking system for securing a connection be- tvveen the end shield and the longitudinal shields, which are moved using the hy- draulic jacks of the shields and the sliding members that move along the rails, wherein a cavity, in which concrete mixture is to be placed, is formed between the pair of longitudinal shields, the end shield, the balcony shield and the vertically ori- ented core, and wherein a steam jacket is provided within the cavity of each of the shields and the vertically oriented core, said steam jacket providing for a heating- up and strengthening of the concrete construction units.

By comparison with the most pertinent prior art, the apparatus according to the in- vention is not very labour-intensive - the removal of the shields from the supports and their transferral into a horizontal position is carried out semi-automatically.

The apparatus according to the invention makes it possible to dispense with phys- ical work for mechanical actions. The movement of the shields in horizontal direc- tion from the vertically oriented core is carried out by hydraulic jacks of the shields along the rail track of the frame using the sliding members attached to each of the shields. The vertically oriented core is lifted upwards in a vertical direction to the maximum by the hydraulic jacks for raising and lowering the vertically oriented core. The positioning of the shields adjacent to the apron is carried out by the hy- draulic jacks of the shields, which are attached to the shields by a rod and to the stand of the frame by their tail part. The shields are secured by the locking system using the hydraulic jacks of the locking system. The concrete mixture in the pro- vided formation cavity is compacted by the vibrators of the shields and by poker vibrators, the heating-up of the product is carried out by the steam jackets having inner cavities for the vertically oriented core and the |atera| shields, into which steam at a temperature of 100-115 degrees Celsius is supplied at time periods of 5 to 10 hours depending on the concrete mixture. After heat treatment the locking system is opened by the hydraulic jacks of the shields. By the same hydraulic jacks the shields are removed from the product, and they are rolled away by the sliding members of the rail track. The longitudinal shields are opened correspond- ingly. The vertically oriented core is lowered downward to the maximum by the hy- draulic jacks for raising and lowering the vertically oriented core. After a short while the produced construction unit is taken off by a bridge crane using a cross- beam (not shown), that is, it is struck. The presence of the vertically oriented core movable in a vertical direction with a cone-shaped bend makes it possible to achieve a room unit from the formation cavity between the vertically oriented core and the shields without destruction and deformation after its Iowering during strik- ing.

As a result the apparatus according to the invention makes it possible to increase productivity.

The essential characteristics that differ from the most pertinent prior art make it possible to establish that the inventive technical solution is new.

The possibility to apply the apparatus according to the invention in industry makes it possible to establish that it meets the criterion of industrial applicability.

The invention is explained in the drawings, in which: Fig. 1 shows the assembly for forming construction units in a side view; Fig. 2 shows the same in a top view; Fig. 3 shows the vertically oriented core with the shield and the apron (as a frag- ment).

The apparatus according to the invention consists of the following elements: a frame 1, a vertically oriented core 2, a pair of longitudinal shields 3, an end shield 4, a balcony shield 5, a locking system 6, hydraulic jacks for raising and lowering the vertically oriented core 7, hydraulic jacks of the shields 8, sliding members 9, vibrators 10, hydraulic jacks of the locking system 11, an apron 12 (the basis of the product), a rail track The frame 1 has a level surface on which the vertically oriented core 2 is attached by the hydraulic jacks 7. On the same frame 1 the apron 12, which is the basis of the concrete construction unit to be produced, is attached by bolt connections. The shields 3, 4 and 5 are equipped with vibrators 10. The shields 3, 4, 5 and the verti- cally oriented core 2 have steam jackets arranged inside the cavity of each shield 3, 4, 5 and the vertically oriented core 2, facilitating the heating-up and strengthen- ing of the product to 75% within 6 hours. By means of the hydraulic jacks 8 the balcony shield 5, the end shield 4 and the two longitudinal shields 3 move away from the vertically oriented core 2 along the rail track 13. The pair of longitudinal shields 3 is equipped with the locking system 6 which works using the hydraulic jacks 11. The locking system 6 provides for the securing of the connection of the end shield 4 to the longitudinal shields The apparatus according to the invention is compact (9 x 11 x 4 m) and mobile because it can be disassembled and assembled immediately at the building site. On a previously prepared concrete surface the elements of the frame 1 are as- sembled using a vehicle-mounted crane. Subsequently the apron 12, the vertically oriented core 2 and the shields 3, 4 and 5 are arranged successively on the frame. The fixing of the parts of the assembly is carried out by bolt connections. Mounting the assembly takes no longer than 72 hours. The disassembly of the apparatus is carried out in reverse order also using a vehicle-mounted crane.

The assembly works as follows.

After switching on the system power, the vertically oriented core 2 is lifted upward in vertical direction to the maximum using the hydraulic jacks 7 while pressure is applied by an oil station. A construction reinforcement shell is arranged by a bridge crane using a crossbeam. Subsequently an operator positions the shields 3, 4 and 5 adjacent to the apron 12. By applying pressure on the hydraulic jacks 8 attached to the shields 3, 4 and 5 by a rod and to the stand of the frame 1 by their tail part, the subsequent shifting of the shields 3, 4 and 5 along the rail track 13 of the frame 1 is carried out using the sliding members 9 attached to each of the shields 3, 4 and 5. The shields are fastened by the locking system 6 using the hydraulic jacks The concrete mixture is placed in the established formation cavity between the shields 3, 4 and 5 of the inner walls and the vertically oriented core 2, and also on the ceiling, by means of a concrete placer (not shown), is compacted by vibrators 10 of the shields and subsequently by poker vibrators (not shown). The shields 3, 4 and 5 of the formation assembly serve to prevent destruction of the form given to it and allow the use of more movable mixtures than would be possible without them. Further, heating-up of the product is carried out using steam jackets having inner cavities of the vertically oriented core 2 and the shields 3, 4, 5, into which steam at a temperature of 100-115 degrees Celsius is supplied at time periods of 5 to 10 hours depending on the concrete mixture. After the heat treatment the locking system 6 is opened by applying pressure on the hydraulic jacks 11. Sub- sequently the shields 4 and 5 are torn off from the product by the same hydraulic jacks 8, and they are rolled away along the rail track 13 by the sliding members 9. The pair of longitudinal shields 3 is then opened correspondingly. Subsequently the vertically oriented core 2 is lowered downward to the maximum by means of the hydraulic jacks 7. After a short while the product is taken off by a bridge crane using a crossbeam (not shown), that is, it is struck. Then the shields 3, 4, 5 and the vertically oriented core 2 are cleaned, greased, and the process of producing a concrete construction unit using the apparatus according to the invention is re- peated.

The use of the apparatus according to the invention makes it possible to increase the productivity.

Claims

An assembly for producing Concrete construction units, characterized in that it includes a frame (1) having a level surface to which a vertically oriented core (2) is attached, a pair of longitudinal shields (3), an end shield (4) and a balcony shield (5) arranged on the frame (1), rails (13), and an apron (12) serving as a base of the concrete construction units to be produced and, wherein the rails (13), the apron (12), and the vertically oriented core (2) are fastened onto the frame (1), wherein the vertically oriented core (2) is equipped with hydraulic jacks (7) for rais- ing and lowering said vertically oriented core (2), wherein the vertically oriented core (2) is attached to the level surface of the frame (1) by the hydraulic jacks (7) for raising and lowering the vertically oriented coremljgí, and the pair of longitudinal shields (3), the end shield (4) and the balcony shield (5) are equipped with hydrau- lic jacks (8) of the shields for horizontal movement in relation to the vertically ori- ented core (
2) along the rails (13) of the frame (1) using sliding members (9) at- tached to each of the shields (3, 4, 5), the shields (3, 4, 5) being further equipped with vibrators (10) and a locking system (6) using hydraulic jacks (11) of the lock- ing system for securing a connection between the end shield (4) and the longitudi- nal shields (3), which are moved using the hydraulic jacks (8) of the shields and the sliding members (9) that move along the rails (13), wherein a cavity, in which concrete mixture is to be placed, is formed between the pair of longitudinal shields (
3), the end shield (
4), the balcony shield (5) and the vertically oriented core (2), and wherein a steam jacket is provided within the cavity of each of the shields (3, 4,
5) and the vertically oriented core (2), said steam jacket providing for a heating- up and strengthening of the concrete construction units.