SE508104C2 - Användning av ett kristallisationsförhindrande additiv för ytaktiva nonjoniska glykosider - Google Patents
Användning av ett kristallisationsförhindrande additiv för ytaktiva nonjoniska glykosiderInfo
- Publication number
- SE508104C2 SE508104C2 SE9604546A SE9604546A SE508104C2 SE 508104 C2 SE508104 C2 SE 508104C2 SE 9604546 A SE9604546 A SE 9604546A SE 9604546 A SE9604546 A SE 9604546A SE 508104 C2 SE508104 C2 SE 508104C2
- Authority
- SE
- Sweden
- Prior art keywords
- glycoside
- formula
- weight
- alkylene oxide
- carbon atoms
- Prior art date
Links
- 229930182470 glycoside Natural products 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 150000002338 glycosides Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 title claims description 15
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims description 10
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 9
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 title description 3
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 title 1
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 125000005702 oxyalkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 125000000837 carbohydrate group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract 3
- -1 alkyl glycoside Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000005529 alkyleneoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-M phosphonate Chemical compound [O-]P(=O)=O UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- XMVBHZBLHNOQON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butyl-1-octanol Chemical compound CCCCCCC(CO)CCCC XMVBHZBLHNOQON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CO YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-IOVATXLUSA-N D-xylopyranose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1COC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-IOVATXLUSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N arabinose Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C=O PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-D-Pyranose-Lyxose Natural products OC1COC(O)C(O)C1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N caprylic alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCO KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N decan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCO MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCO LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 2
- BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCO ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HLZKNKRTKFSKGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCO HLZKNKRTKFSKGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KJIOQYGWTQBHNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCO KJIOQYGWTQBHNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XFRVVPUIAFSTFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Tridecanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCO XFRVVPUIAFSTFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-QTVWNMPRSA-N D-mannopyranose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-QTVWNMPRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HMFHBZSHGGEWLO-SOOFDHNKSA-N D-ribofuranose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O HMFHBZSHGGEWLO-SOOFDHNKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VSOAQEOCSA-N L-altropyranose Chemical compound OC[C@@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VSOAQEOCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorous acid Chemical class OP(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-LMVFSUKVSA-N Ribose Natural products OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)C=O PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-LMVFSUKVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium cation Chemical compound [Na+] FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HMFHBZSHGGEWLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-D-Furanose-Ribose Natural products OCC1OC(O)C(O)C1O HMFHBZSHGGEWLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-PHYPRBDBSA-N alpha-D-galactose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-PHYPRBDBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-WDCZJNDASA-N arabinose Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)C=O PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-WDCZJNDASA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930182830 galactose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002402 hexoses Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001165 hydrophobic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 150000002772 monosaccharides Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Octanol Natural products CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002972 pentoses Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- YLQLIQIAXYRMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylheptyl alcohol Chemical compound CCCCCC(CO)CCC YLQLIQIAXYRMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940087291 tridecyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940057402 undecyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K23/00—Use of substances as emulsifying, wetting, dispersing, or foam-producing agents
- C09K23/56—Glucosides; Mucilage; Saponins
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
- C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
- C11D1/16—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from divalent or polyvalent alcohols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
- C07H15/00—Compounds containing hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to hetero atoms of saccharide radicals
- C07H15/02—Acyclic radicals, not substituted by cyclic structures
- C07H15/04—Acyclic radicals, not substituted by cyclic structures attached to an oxygen atom of the saccharide radical
- C07H15/08—Polyoxyalkylene derivatives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K23/00—Use of substances as emulsifying, wetting, dispersing, or foam-producing agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
- C11D1/04—Carboxylic acids or salts thereof
- C11D1/06—Ether- or thioether carboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
- C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
- C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
- C11D1/29—Sulfates of polyoxyalkylene ethers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
- C11D1/34—Derivatives of acids of phosphorus
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Emulsifying, Dispersing, Foam-Producing Or Wetting Agents (AREA)
- Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
Priority Applications (9)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE9604546A SE508104C2 (sv) | 1996-12-11 | 1996-12-11 | Användning av ett kristallisationsförhindrande additiv för ytaktiva nonjoniska glykosider |
| AT97953718T ATE217878T1 (de) | 1996-12-11 | 1997-11-20 | Verwendung von additiven als kristallisationsinhibitor für nichtionische glykoside |
| DE69712782T DE69712782T2 (de) | 1996-12-11 | 1997-11-20 | Verwendung von additiven als kristallisationsinhibitor für nichtionische glykoside |
| ES97953718T ES2175513T3 (es) | 1996-12-11 | 1997-11-20 | Uso de un aditivo inhibidor de la cristalizacion para glucosidos tensioactivos no ionicos. |
| PCT/EP1997/006669 WO1998025941A1 (en) | 1996-12-11 | 1997-11-20 | Use of a crystallisation-inhibiting additive for surface-active nonionic glycosides |
| TR1999/00982T TR199900982T2 (xx) | 1996-12-11 | 1997-11-20 | �yonik olmayan y�zey aktif glikozitler i�in bir kristalizasyon �nleyici katk� maddesinin kullan�lmas�. |
| EP97953718A EP0944640B1 (de) | 1996-12-11 | 1997-11-20 | Verwendung von additiven als kristallisationsinhibitor für nichtionische glykoside |
| TW086117622A TW403675B (en) | 1996-12-11 | 1997-11-25 | A glycoside composition and a method for inhibiting or preventing crystallisation of an aqueous concentrate of an alkyl glycoside |
| ZA9710669A ZA9710669B (en) | 1996-12-11 | 1997-11-27 | Use of a crystallisation-inhibiting additive for surface-active nonionic glycosides. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE9604546A SE508104C2 (sv) | 1996-12-11 | 1996-12-11 | Användning av ett kristallisationsförhindrande additiv för ytaktiva nonjoniska glykosider |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| SE9604546D0 SE9604546D0 (sv) | 1996-12-11 |
| SE9604546L SE9604546L (sv) | 1998-06-12 |
| SE508104C2 true SE508104C2 (sv) | 1998-08-24 |
Family
ID=20404928
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE9604546A SE508104C2 (sv) | 1996-12-11 | 1996-12-11 | Användning av ett kristallisationsförhindrande additiv för ytaktiva nonjoniska glykosider |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0944640B1 (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE217878T1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE69712782T2 (de) |
| ES (1) | ES2175513T3 (de) |
| SE (1) | SE508104C2 (de) |
| TR (1) | TR199900982T2 (de) |
| TW (1) | TW403675B (de) |
| WO (1) | WO1998025941A1 (de) |
| ZA (1) | ZA9710669B (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20000010805A (ko) * | 1996-05-08 | 2000-02-25 | 웨인 씨. 제쉬크 | 알킬 폴리글리코시드 에테르 카르복실레이트 |
| WO2019136517A1 (en) * | 2018-01-10 | 2019-07-18 | Monash University | Viscoelastic fluid comprising non-ionic surfactant |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5001114A (en) * | 1986-09-05 | 1991-03-19 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Alkyl mono and polyglycoside phosphate esters |
| DE3918135A1 (de) * | 1989-06-03 | 1990-12-13 | Henkel Kgaa | Sulfierte alkenylglykoside als tenside |
| JPH06108091A (ja) * | 1992-07-16 | 1994-04-19 | Kanebo Ltd | 洗浄剤組成物 |
| FR2709679B1 (fr) * | 1993-08-06 | 1995-10-06 | Seppic Sa | Compositions aqueuses concentrées d'alkylpolyglycosides et leurs utilisations. |
-
1996
- 1996-12-11 SE SE9604546A patent/SE508104C2/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1997
- 1997-11-20 ES ES97953718T patent/ES2175513T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-11-20 EP EP97953718A patent/EP0944640B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-11-20 DE DE69712782T patent/DE69712782T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-11-20 TR TR1999/00982T patent/TR199900982T2/xx unknown
- 1997-11-20 AT AT97953718T patent/ATE217878T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-11-20 WO PCT/EP1997/006669 patent/WO1998025941A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1997-11-25 TW TW086117622A patent/TW403675B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-11-27 ZA ZA9710669A patent/ZA9710669B/xx unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TW403675B (en) | 2000-09-01 |
| DE69712782T2 (de) | 2002-12-12 |
| EP0944640B1 (de) | 2002-05-22 |
| TR199900982T2 (xx) | 2000-07-21 |
| SE9604546D0 (sv) | 1996-12-11 |
| ZA9710669B (en) | 1998-06-12 |
| WO1998025941A1 (en) | 1998-06-18 |
| DE69712782D1 (de) | 2002-06-27 |
| ATE217878T1 (de) | 2002-06-15 |
| SE9604546L (sv) | 1998-06-12 |
| EP0944640A1 (de) | 1999-09-29 |
| ES2175513T3 (es) | 2002-11-16 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| NUG | Patent has lapsed |