SE190745C1

SE190745C1 -

Info

Publication number: SE190745C1
Application number: SE462459A
Authority: SE
Original assignee: Maagzahnraeder & Maschinen Aktiengesellschaft; Meyeralbert; Wengerotto
Priority date: 1958-05-16
Filing date: 1959-05-14
Publication date: 1964-08-04
Also published as: FR1224595A; DE1204615C2; DE1204615B; NL239262A; US3032871A; US2991672A; GB876932A; CH393236A

Abstract

876,932. Rolling profiles. MAAG-ZAHNRADER & -MASCHINEN A.G., MEYER, A., and WENGER, O. May 15, 1959 [May 16, 1958], No. 16827/59. Class 83 (4). In a method of cold-forming profiles on cylindrical workpieces, e.g. on steel rods, the generating tool, which forms the profile without cutting, has a movement directed towards the longitudinal axis of the work in a plane comprising the profile track, the movement being of smaller dimension than the height of the profile, the work being simultaneously rotated in synchronism with the rotation of the tools and relative axial feed being provided between the work and the tools. Work A, Fig. 1, is profiled by generating worms 1 which execute a rapid movement in a flat elliptical path C so that the worms engage the work intermittently while the worms and the work rotate and the work is fed slowing axially. Tool-holders 3 are pivoted about an axis Y to suit the required direction of the profile, e.g. Fig. 7, which shows a helical profile. The shafts 5 of two or three worms may be geared together for synchronous working. To avoid deviations in the direction of the profile, an axial reciprocation may be imparted to the worms 1 and an additional oscillating rotation superposed on the rotation of the work about its longitudinal axis, the oscillating rotation being synchronized with the axial reciprocation of the worm. In a modification, the tools may be fed axially of the work which is held axially stationary. Splined shafts are produced or long profiled bodies which may be subsequently cut into individual spur or helical gears. Alternatively, a number of blanks may be clamped together for profiling. A machine Fig. 8, for profiling cylindrical work A comprises a headstock 11 slidably mounted on a guide 10 and having a clamping device 12 for clamping one end of the work A. An hydraulically-fed counter-support 14 supports the other end of the work and is slidable on a guide 13. Toolholders 3 support the worms 1, the tool-holders being slidable axially of their pivoting axis Y to permit the radial component movement of the elliptical oscillating movement C. A pivoting support 26, Fig. 9, for the tool is provided on each holder 3. The movement C is effected by a motor 16 and an hydraulic supply which actuates pistons 18 and 19, Fig. 9, provides the radial and axial components of the movement, the slide support 28 being slidable on the tool-holder 3 in the plane of the profile and the drive to the worms 1 being through cardan shafts 33 to permit such movement. Return movement of the tool-holders is effected by continuously-applied hydraulic pressure. Radial adjustment of the toolholders for the particular diameter of work is effected by annular nuts 24 fixed in the machine housing 22, a manual drive 25 being provided for simultaneous adjustment of both toolholders. A motor 46 drives the worms 1 through a belt drive 45 and shafts 47, 43, 40, 37, 34 and 33, a differential 42 being included between the shafts 40, 43 and a clutch 38 being provided for phase adjustment of the worms. For synchronizing the rotation of the work with that of the tools pick-off gears 48 engage with the shaft 47 and drive a spline shaft 49 connected to gearing 50 in the headstock 11. The work is fed axially by gearing 51, driven by the shaft 49, the gearing 51 engaging with a shaft 52 and a feed nut 55, a clutch 53 being provided on the drive. When forming helical gears the additional rotation of the tools required relative to the work is applied through a shaft 57, pick-off gears 58, a shaft 59 and differential gearing 42. A profile-directioncompensating axial reciprocation of the worms is effected by a piston 63, Fig. 9, and Fig. 11 which actuates wedges 65 in the support 28 through a pinion 64. Alternatively, a piston 70, Fig. 12 (not shown), may operate wedges through a linkage. A synchronous compensating oscillating rotary motion is also superposed on the constant rotation of the work by an hydraulically reciprocated partial worm 72, Fig. 13 (not shown), which oscillates a worm 73 connected with the gearing 50. The motor 16 produces both compensating movements through a cam-drive which is adjustable relative to the cam-drive for the movement C.

Description

Uppfinnare: A Meyer och 0 Wenger Prioritet begard friin den 16 maj 1958 (Schweiz) Satt for framstailning av kuggar utan sickrande bearbetning dro kanda. Inventors: A Meyer and 0 Wenger Priority begin friin on May 16, 1958 (Switzerland) Set for production of cogs without leaking machining drag kanda.

Enligt ett a-v dessa satt bringas tva mitt emot varandra belagna profileringskuggstanger genom inbordes forskjutning tangentiellt ingrepp med ett i ett visst forhallande till kuggstangemas r5relse roterande arbetsstycke pa sadant salt, att den onskade profilen invalsas. Pa detta satt kunna emellertid endast obetydllga profilhojder och profilbredder framstallas. Dessutom upptrada i den bildade kuggens basparti genom olampliga deformationskrafter bOjpakanaingar, som kunna leda till sprickbildningar i detta omrade, da profilen samtidigt invalsas efter hela den framstallda kuggens bredd. According to one of these sets, two oppositely located profiling racks are brought tangentially by inboard displacement with a workpiece rotating in a certain relation to the movement of the racks on such a salt that the desired profile is rolled. In this way, however, only insignificant profile heights and profile widths can be produced. In addition, bending changes occur in the base portion of the formed tooth due to unsuitable deformation forces, which could lead to cracking in this area, as the profile is simultaneously rolled along the entire width of the produced tooth.

Vid ett annat kant satt anyandas profileringsvalsar, som aro roterbart lagrade i ett roterbart huvud och i snabb foljd bringas i och ur ingrepp med arbetstycket, som roterar och langsamt forskjutes axiellt. Pa detta satt kunna passande profilhOjder astadkommas, men fordrar i praktiken en profileringsvals med kuggluckans form for varje kuggantal med Arian delning, emedan det lake forekommer nagon avvalsningsrorelse pa grund av den momentana och mycket korta ingreppsstrackan. Det är darfor svart att astadkomma exakta profiler pa. detta salt. Vidare iriâ framhallas att profileringsvalsarna maste vara f5rskjutna en fjardedel var av delningen at en. sida yid framstallning av udda kuggantal medelst tva mitt emot varandra uppsatta verktyg. Forutom den darigenom uppstaende deformeringen av profileringsvalsens profil upptrader i centrum av arbetstycket, som skull profileras, en kraftkomponent, vilken ocksa torde verka hind rande for framstallning av precisionskugghjul. At another edge sat anyanda's profiling rollers, which are rotatably mounted in a rotatable head and in rapid succession are brought in and out of engagement with the workpiece, which rotates and is slowly displaced axially. In this way, suitable profile heights can be achieved, but in practice requires a profiling roll with the shape of the toothed hatch for each number of teeth with Arian pitch, since there is no rolling movement due to the instantaneous and very short engagement distance. It is therefore black to create exact profiles on. this salt. Furthermore, it is emphasized that the profiling rollers must be offset by a quarter of the division of one. side yid production of odd number of teeth by means of two tools placed opposite each other. In addition to the resulting deformation of the profile of the profiling roller, a force component appears in the center of the workpiece to be profiled, which should also act as a barrier to the production of precision gears.

Foreliggande uppfinning har till andamal att astadkomma ett salt pa vilket profilerade maskinelement sasom med bomraar eller kilar forsedda axlar, kugghjul med raka eller snedskurna kuggar och samtliga avvalsbara profiler kunna framstallas utan skarande bearbetning frau eylindriska, plastiskt deformerbara arbetsstycken, t. ex. metallkroppar, yarvid man uppnar en i jamforelse med kanda forfaringssatt stor kapacitet och en hit-tills icke uppnadd arbetsnoggrannhet. The present invention has for its object to provide a salt on which profiled machine elements such as axles provided with beams or wedges, gears with straight or obliquely cut teeth and all rollable profiles can be produced without cutting processing from cylindrical, plastically deformable workpieces, e.g. metal bodies, in which case a large capacity compared with the kanda is achieved and a hitherto unattainable working accuracy.

Foreliggande sätt att utan skarande bearbetning profilera mantelytan hos cylindriska arbetsstycken med regelbundet upprepad profil flied hjalp av relativt arbetsstycket i en yta, som bestammes av normalen till arbetsstyckets centrumaxel genom profilens tyngdpunkt och profilens langdriktning, matade profileringsverktyg, vilka deform era materialet, varvid en matningsr5relse mellan verktygen och arbetsstycket sker i arbetsstyckets axelriktning utmarkes darav, att forutom en arbetsstycket tvangsmassigt bibragt, roterande, mot verktygsrorelsen, arbetsstyckets beskaffenhet och den profil, som skull framstallas, avpassad, i och for sig kand genereringsrorelse i forhallande till arbetsstyckets centrumaxel, profilerings-verktygen hibringas en sadan rOrelse att det enskilda verktyget under sift ingrepp i arbetsstycket foljer en bana, vilken motsvarar en del av en ellipsformad kurva, vilken del innehaller en forformningsstracka och en rak fardigformningsstraeka saint invalsar den onskade profilen, alltsa formar den utan slag. The present method of profiling the sheath surface of cylindrical workpieces with regularly repeated profile flied without relative machining helped relative to the workpiece in a surface determined by the normal to the center axis of the workpiece by the center of gravity of the profile and the longitudinal profile of the tools and the workpiece take place in the axial direction of the workpiece are distinguished by the fact that in addition to a workpiece forcibly imparted, rotating, against the tool movement, the nature of the workpiece and the profile to be produced, adapted, per se known such a movement that the individual tool during sift engagement in the workpiece follows a path which corresponds to a part of an elliptical curve, which part contains a preforming bar and a straight pre-forming barrack saint rolls in the desired profile n, that is, it forms without blows.

Genom denna kombination av press- och Dupl. kl. 7 f: 9 2— — valsrorelser kan man pa detta satt, t. ex. med hjalp av ett verktyg med raka flanker och med hansyn tagen till en gynnsam kallformning av arbetsstycket astadkomma kuggflanker med noggrann evolventform. Verktygen kunna for exempelvis framstallning av evolventkuggar besta av profileringssnackor med kuggstangsprofil. Verktygen aro anordnade koncentriskt kring centrumaxeln hos arbetsstycket, som skall profileras, och beskriva i snabb fOljd rorelser kings en elliptisk bana. Far att uppnii kontinuitet i arbetsforloppet erhalla verktygen en matningsrorelse, namligen en vridrorelse eller en upprepad axiell forskjutning eller badadera samtidigt, vilket sker tvangsmassigt i ett allt efter kuggantalet och onskad ytkvalitet bestamt forhallande till arbetsstyckets matningsrorelser form av vridning och axiell forskjutning. Through this combination of press and Dupl. at 7 f: 9 2— - election movements can be done in this way, e.g. with the aid of a tool with straight flanks and with the male eye taken to a favorable cold shaping of the workpiece, to provide tooth flanks with an accurate involute shape. The tools can, for example, for the production of involute teeth, consist of profiling spokes with a rack profile. The tools are arranged concentrically around the center axis of the workpiece to be profiled, and describe in quick succession movements an elliptical path. In order to achieve continuity in the workflow, the tools receive a feed movement, namely a rotational movement or a repeated axial displacement or bathing at the same time, which takes place compulsorily in a manner determined by rotation according to the number of teeth and desired surface quality to the workpiece feed movements.

Foremal for foreliggande uppfinning är vi-dare en anordning, for utforande av ovanstaende, med organ for att astadkomma en relativ frammatningsrorelse i arbetsstyckets axelriktning mellan verktyg och arbetsstycke och med verktygshallare for att upptaga profileringsverktyg. The object of the present invention is furthermore a device, for carrying out the above, with means for effecting a relative feed movement in the axial direction of the workpiece between tool and workpiece and with tool holder for receiving profiling tools.

Denna anordning utmark.es enligt uppfinningen darigenom, att verktygshallarna for de sasom genereringsverktyg utforrnade profileringsverktygen aro lagrade svangbara kring en arbetsstycket korsande axel, och att drivorgan aro anordnade, vilka bibringa a) arbetsstycket en roterande °eh b) verktyget en relativt arbetsstyckets omkrets transversal genereringsrorelse, samt c) verktyget en rorelse i en yta, som bestammes av normalen till arbetsstyckets axel genom tyngdpunkten och profilens langdriktning, kings en del av en flack ellipsliknande kurva. This device is characterized according to the invention in that the tool holders for the profiling tools designed as generating tools are pivotably mounted around a workpiece crossing axis, and that drive means are provided which impart a) the workpiece a rotating or b) the tool transverse to the circumference of the workpiece. , and c) the tool a movement in a surface, which is determined by the normal to the axis of the workpiece by the center of gravity and the longitudinal direction of the profile, kings part of a flat elliptical curve.

Uppfinningen beskrives i det fOljande med hanvisning till bifogade, delvis schematiska ritningar och utforingsexempel pa foreliggande salt jamte anordningar for sattets utforande. The invention is described in the following with reference to the appended, partly schematic drawings and exemplary embodiments of the present salt and devices for carrying out the kit.

Pa ritningarna visar fig. 1 en langdsektion efter centrumaxeln hos ett arbetsstycke, som skall bearbetas, respektive en tvarsektion av en del av en verktygshallare efter linjen i fig. 2, fig. 2 tre stjarnformigt anordnade verktygshallaire, dlvis I langdsektion, vid hearbetning av ett i tvarsektion visat, cylindriskt arbetsstycke, fig. 3 en del av en framstalld kuggkrans for fortydligande av arbetsmom.enten Yid profileringen, fig. 4 en anordning for framstallning av kugghjul med raka kuggar med hjalp av tva mitt emot varandra uppsatta verktyg, varvid arbetsstycket visas i tvarsektion efter linjen IV—IV i fig. 5, fig. 5 en sektion efter linjen V—V i fig. 4, fig. 6 laget for verktygen for framstilIning av raka kuggar i anordningen i fig. 4 och 5 sett i pitriktningen VI i fig. 4, fig. 7 en vy motsvarande fig. 6 av laget fOr verktygen for framstallning av kugghjul med snedskurna kuggar ur ett cylindriskt arbetsstycke med anordningar i fig. 4 6, fig. 8 en vy, delvis i sektion, av ett utforingsexempel pa en komplett anordning for genomforande av sattet enligt uppfinningen, fig. 9 en sektion efter axeln Y hos en verktygshallare i anordningen i fig. 8, fig. 10 en sektion efter linjen X—X i fig. 9, fig. 11 en sektion efter linjen XI—XI i fig. 10, fig. 12 en modifikation ay sektionen i fig. 11, och slutligen fig. 13 schematiskt en hydrauliskmekanisk regleringsanordning for ytterligare rorelser has profileringsverktyg och arbetsstycke. In the drawings, Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section along the center axis of a workpiece to be machined, and a cross section of a part of a tool holder along the line in Fig. 2, Fig. 2 three star-shaped tool holders, i.e. in longitudinal section, when machining a Fig. 3 shows a part of a toothed ring for clarifying the working moments in the profiling, Fig. 4 a device for producing gears with straight teeth with the aid of two tools placed opposite each other, the workpiece being shown in cross section along the line IV-IV in Fig. 5, Fig. 5 a section along the line V — V in Fig. 4, Fig. 6 layer for the tools for producing straight teeth in the device in Figs. 4 and 5 seen in the pit direction VI in Fig. 4, Fig. 7 a view corresponding to Fig. 6 of the tool for the production of gears with beveled teeth from a cylindrical workpiece with devices in Fig. 4 6, Fig. 8 a view, partly in section, of an embodiment Example of a complete device for carrying out the set according to the invention, Fig. 9 a section along the axis Y of a tool holder in the device of Fig. 8, Fig. 10 a section along the line X-X in Fig. 9, Fig. 11 a section along the line XI-XI in Fig. 10, Fig. 12 a modification in the section of Fig. 11, and finally Fig. 13 schematically a hydraulic-mechanical control device for further movements has profiling tool and workpiece.

I st8rsta allmanhet kan sagas, att vid profilering ay ett cylindriskt arbetsstycke pa foreliggande salt utsattes det yttre partiet av det av i kallt tillstand formbar metal' bestaende, cylindriska arbetsstycket upprepade ganger for inverkan av flera profileringssnackor 1, vilka utfera en snabb rorelse i riktning mot arbetsstyckets A centrumaxel B for att pragla arbetsstycket A med den onskade profilen, som genom avvalsningsrorelsen bildas mellan det roterande arbetsstycket A och verktyget 1. In general it can be said that when profiling a cylindrical workpiece on the present salt, the outer part of the cylindrical workpiece consisting of cold formable metal is repeatedly subjected to the action of several profiling screws 1, which perform a rapid movement in the direction of the center axis B of the workpiece A to emboss the workpiece A with the desired profile formed by the rolling movement between the rotating workpiece A and the tool 1.

Denna rorelse hos varje verktyg är sammansatt ay en svangning i axelns X riktning, dvs. i langdriktningen for de kuggar, som skola framstallas, och en svangning i riktning for axeln Y, vilken &tracker sig radiellt mot arbetsstycket A. Verktygen utf5ra alltsa i forhallande till arbetsstycket (fig. 1) en rorelse, vars bana har formen ay en flack, mot utgangssidan nagot uppatriktad ellips. This movement of each tool is composed of an oscillation in the direction of the axis X, i.e. in the longitudinal direction of the teeth to be produced, and an oscillation in the direction of the axis Y, which extends radially towards the workpiece A. The tools thus perform in relation to the workpiece (Fig. 1) a movement, the path of which has the shape of a flat, towards the exit side slightly upwardly directed ellipse.

Enligt fig. 1 aro for detta andamal profileringssnackorna 1 lagrade pa svanghara och axiellt svangande verktygshallare 3 med sina vridaxlar vinkelrata mot svangningsaxeln Y, som satidigt bildar verktygshallaraxel. Verktygshallarna 3 aro vridbara kring axeln Y och forskjutbara i ett icke visat maskinhus och bringas pa icke visat salt mekaniskt I svangning. According to Fig. 1, for this purpose the profiling nozzles 1 are mounted on pivot and axially pivoting tool holders 3 with their pivot axes perpendicular to the pivot axis Y, which simultaneously forms tool pivot shaft. The tool housings 3 are rotatable about the axis Y and displaceable in a machine housing (not shown) and are brought into swing (not shown) mechanically.

Verktygshallaraxeln Y kan vara anordnad vinkelratt eller i nagon annan vinkel mot arbetsstyckets A centrumaxel B, varvid verktygshallarnas 3 axlar Y alltid skara varandra och centrumaxeln B i en punkt. The tool hall axis Y can be arranged at an angle to the steering wheel or at some other angle to the center axis B of the workpiece A, the axes Y of the tool halls 3 always intersecting each other and the center axis B at one point.

Genom rorelsen C och den darav foljande, intermittenta berOringen mellan arbetsstycket och profileringssnackorna avrulla dessa pd det roterande arbetsstycket. Vridningen kring snackornas langdaxeI synkroniseras Over axlar 5, som aro roterbart forbundna med varandra i en vaxellada 4 Over en icke visad transmission. Profileringsnackorna rotera motsatt rOrelsens C riktning, vilket antydes av pilar i fig. 1 och 8. Under profileringen är profileringssnackornas 1 varvantal en heltalsmultipel ay arbetsstyckets varvantal, dvs. f8r varje helt vary has det sistnamnda utfor varje snacka 1 ett antal hela vary och minst ett for varje kugglucka, som skall framstallas pa arbetsstycket A. — —3 Arbetsstycket A forskjutes under profileringen langs axeln B axiellt i riktningen G. Denna axiella rorelse kan ske genom mekanisk, elektrisk eller hydraulisk paverkan. Arbetsstyeket A kornmer alltsa forutom sin vridning kring sin ursprungliga cylindriska form att langsamt skjutas in mellan profileringssnackorna 1, som rora sig, s att det genom de sistnamndas inverkan fOrst bildas sma luckor, vilka under arbetets gang standigt vidgas tills den onskade profilen bildats. Den kontinuerliga vridningen och den axiella matningen astadkomma tillsammans med motsvarande rorelser hos snd.ckorna 1 i arbetstyckets A kantzon genom avvalsning exempelvis kugghjulsprofiler med synnerligen exakt koncentricitet och fOrstklassig ytkvalitet hos kuggflankerna. By the movement C and the consequent, intermittent contact between the workpiece and the profiling nozzles, they unroll on the rotating workpiece. The rotation about the longitudinal axis of the spokes is synchronized over axes 5, which are rotatably connected to each other in a gearbox 4 over a transmission (not shown). The profiling nozzles rotate opposite the direction of the tube C, which is indicated by arrows in Figs. 1 and 8. During the profiling, the number of turns of the profiling spokes 1 is an integer multiple of the speed of the workpiece, ie. for each completely vary, the latter for each notch 1 has a number of whole vary and at least one for each toothed hatch, which is to be produced on the workpiece A. - —3 The workpiece A is displaced during the profiling along the axis B axially in the direction G. This axial movement can take place by mechanical, electrical or hydraulic action. Thus, in addition to its rotation about its original cylindrical shape, the workpiece A is slowly pushed in between the profiling screws 1, which move, so that by the action of the latter small gaps are first formed, which during the work are constantly widened until the desired profile is formed. The continuous rotation and the axial feed together with the corresponding movements of the mandrels 1 in the edge zone of the workpiece A by rolling, for example gear profiles with extremely precise concentricity and first-class surface quality of the tooth flanks.

Inspanningsanordningen, spannpatronen eller chucken, som uppbar arbetsstycket A, sitter sasom exempelvis vid svarvar pa en spindel, vilken ãr lagrad i en slade, som kan forskjutas pa en rnaskinbadd langs den profil, som skall framstallas, och medger framstallning av profillangder, som motsvara sladens rorelsestracka. Pa detta satt kan man astadkomma langa profilkroppar, som senare kapas i detaljer. Naturligtvis kan man ocksa spanna fast en eller flera arbetsstycken samtidigt pa en verktygshallare, vilket är vanligt vid kugghjulstillverkning. The clamping device, the chuck or the chuck which carried the workpiece A is located, for example, in lathes on a spindle, which is stored in a sledge which can be displaced on a machine bath along the profile to be produced, and allows the production of profile lengths corresponding to the sledge. rorelsestracka. In this way, long profile bodies can be created, which are later cut into details. Of course, one can also clamp one or more workpieces simultaneously on a tool holder, which is common in gear manufacturing.

Fig. 2 visar ett utfOringsexempel pa framst5.11ning av kugghjul eller genereringsbara profiler pa ett arbetsstycke A medelst lie stjarnformigt anordnade verktygshallare 3. Hallarnas 3 axlar Y skara varandra i en punkt pa arbetsstyckets centrumaxel B sa att inga radialkrafter behova upptagas av dettas lag-ring. Vinklarna a, ,13, mellan de Ire axlsrna Y skilja sig frdn varandra med mellan en vinkelsekund och femton vinkelgrader. Genom denim oregelbundna vinkeldelning uppnas, att profilen, som bildas pt arbetsstyeket A, korrigeras automatiskt, om arbetsstycket A icke skulle ha homogen struktur och dray foljande varierande hardhet. Sasom fig. 2 schematiskt visar aro profileringssnickornas rotationsrarelser tvangsmassigt synkroniserade over snackornas axlar 5 och transmissionerna i vaxelladan 4. Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of the production of gears or generatable profiles on a workpiece A by means of star-shaped tool holders 3. The shafts Y of the bearings 3 intersect at a point on the center axis B of the workpiece so that no radial forces need be absorbed by its bearing. . The angles a,, 13, between the Irish axes Y differ from each other by between one angular second and fifteen degrees of angle. By denim irregular angular division it is achieved that the profile formed on the workpiece A is corrected automatically, if the workpiece A would not have a homogeneous structure and rotate following varying hardness. As Fig. 2 schematically shows, the rotational movements of the profiling carpets are forcibly synchronized over the axes 5 of the spokes and the transmissions in the gearbox 4.

For tillverkning av ett kugghjul rued hjalp av anordningen i fig. 2 forfar man pa fOljande satt. For the manufacture of a gear wheel assisted by the device of Fig. 2, the procedure is as follows.

Till arbetsstycke A valjes en cylindrisk slang, t. ex. av stal, vars ytterdiameter d (fig. 1) ungefar motsvarar delningsdiametern for det kugghjul, som skall tillverkas. Dena arbetsstycke spannes fast i inspanningsanordningen, varefter verktygen, dvs. profileringssnackorna 1, installas relativt arbetsstycket pa sadant satt, att radiella avstandet mellan verktygets kuggformade huvud vid inre vand- punkten av dess rorelse i axelns Y riktning, vilket motsvarar snackornas lase i fig. 1, och arbetsstyckets axel B svarar mot fotcirkelradiens hos det kugghjul, som skall tillverkas. Harefter sattas verktygen i rorelse sa, att de utfOra sina rorelser C i planet for den profilbana, som skall bearbetas. Samtidigt matas arbetsstycket av inspanningsanordningen framat mot den mellan verktygen belagna arbetszonen och vrides samtidigt kring sin axel B. Denna vridrorelse är anpassad mot verktygens rorelse och det Onskade kuggantalet. Vridrorelsen overfores till verktygen Over en icke visad delnings- och vaxellada for axlarna 5. Sa snarl arbetsstyckets andyta kommer in i omradet Or de arbetande verktygen, invalsa dessa vid vane svangning spar I arbetsstycket. Genom arbetsstyckets vridrorelse fordelas dessa spar runt hela omkretsen och genom arbetsstyckets frammatning astadkonunes den onskade profilen, sasom utan vidare framgar av fig. 1 och 3. Harvid bildar det vid kuggluckornas framstallning undantrangda materialet m (fig. 3) den Over delningscirkeln utskjutande kuggtoppen k. Genom vrid-, svang- och fraramatningsrorelserna deltaga alla verktyg i framstallningen ax alla kuggflanker, varigenom arbetsstyckena bli absolut jamna. For workpiece A, a cylindrical hose is selected, e.g. of steel, the outer diameter d (fig. 1) of which roughly corresponds to the pitch diameter of the gear to be manufactured. This workpiece is clamped in the clamping device, after which the tools, ie. the profiling nozzles 1, are installed relative to the workpiece in such a way that the radial distance between the toothed head of the tool at the inner water point of its movement in the direction Y of the shaft, which corresponds to the laser of the tongs in Fig. 1, and the workpiece axis B corresponds to the foot radius of the gear, to be manufactured. After this, the tools are set in motion so that they perform their movements C in the plane of the profile web to be machined. At the same time, the workpiece is fed by the clamping device forward towards the working zone located between the tools and is simultaneously rotated about its axis B. This rotational movement is adapted to the movement of the tools and the desired number of teeth. The rotary motion is transferred to the tools Over a division and gearbox (not shown) for the shafts 5. As soon as the front of the workpiece enters the area Or the working tools, roll these in the usual swing save in the workpiece. Due to the rotational movement of the workpiece, these grooves are distributed around the entire circumference and through the feed of the workpiece the desired profile is produced, as can be easily seen from Figs. 1 and 3. In this case the material m Through the rotational, deflection and feed-off movements, all tools participate in the manufacture of all tooth flanks, whereby the workpieces become absolutely smooth.

I fig. 4-7 visas en anordning, medelst vii-ken kugghjul med raka kuggar (fig. 4 6) eller snedskurna. kuggar (fig. 7) kunna tillverkas. Pa det aven. i data fall med A betecknade arbetstycket verka tvâ sasom verktyg tjanstgorande profileringssnackor 1 i verktygshallare 3. Be Iran ett av verktygen till arbetstycket overforda bearbetningskrafterna kompenseras genom det mitt emot anordnade, andra verktyget. De hada verktygshallarnas 3 axlar Y skara arbetsstyckets A axel B pa sadant satt att inga krafter behava upptagas av arbetsstyckeits A lagring vid samtidig verkan av de bada verktygen. Figs. 4-7 show a device, by means of either gears with straight teeth (Figs. 46) or obliquely cut. cogs (Fig. 7) can be manufactured. On that too. in data cases denoted by A, the workpiece designated as A acts as two tools serving profiling talks 1 in tool holder 3. Ask Iran to compensate for one of the tools to the workpiece that the machining forces exceeded by the opposite, arranged second tool. The axes Y of the tool tools 3 intersect the axis B of the workpiece A in such a way that no forces can be absorbed by the bearing of the workpiece A during the simultaneous action of the two tools.

Vid framstallning ay cylindriska kugghjul med raka kuggar (fig. 4-6), vid vilka alltsa sparen lOpa parallellt med arbetsstyckets A axel B, vridas sasom fig. 6 visar, proffieringssnackornas 1 axlar sá att deras flanklinjer stracka sig i tangentialsnitt pa arbetssidan parallellt med arbetsstyekets lingdaxel B, dvs. de maste vridas vinkeln q, som motsvarar snackprofilens stigningsvinkel. When manufacturing cylindrical gears with straight teeth (Figs. 4-6), in which case the grooves run parallel to the axis B of the workpiece A, as shown in Fig. 6, the axes of the profiling spokes 1 are rotated so that their flank lines extend in tangential section on the working side parallel to the longitudinal axis B of the workpiece, i.e. they must be turned the angle q, which corresponds to the pitch angle of the snack profile.

Naturligtvis kan man ocksa framstalla cylindriska kugghjul med snedskurna kuggar, sasom fig. 7 visar. For detta andamal vridas profileringssnackornas 1 verktygsaxlar i forhallande till arbetstyckets A vridaxel B sa att flanldinjerna i tangentialsnitt pa profileringssnackornas 1 arbetssida exakt sammanfalla med den onskade vinkeln hos den sneda kuggen. Heltalsvridforhallandet mellan profileringssnarkan 1 och arbetstycket A bibeMlles visserligen oforindrat motsvarande del onskade kuggantalet, men arbetsstyckets varytal maste liksom vid vanliga kuggskarnings- 4— — maskiner anpassas efter kuggens sneda Tinkel och matningen. Of course, it is also possible to produce cylindrical gears with obliquely cut teeth, as Fig. 7 shows. For this purpose, the tool shafts of the profiling spokes 1 are rotated in relation to the axis of rotation B of the workpiece A so that the flange lines in tangential section on the working side of the profiling screws 1 exactly coincide with the desired angle of the inclined tooth. The integer rotational ratio between the profiling snark 1 and the workpiece A is admittedly maintained without the corresponding corresponding desired number of teeth, but the number of parts of the workpiece must, as with ordinary tooth cutting machines, be adapted to the inclination of the tooth and the feed.

For framstallning av ett kugghjul med raka eller snedskurna kuggar enligt fig. 4-7 inspannes liksom i exemplet i fig. 2 en cylindrisk stang sasom arbetsstycke i ett spanndon, varvid aven i detta fall ytterdiametern d (fig. 1) ungefar motsvarar delningsdiametern dp (fig. 1) hos det kugghjul, som skall framstallas. Harefter installas profileringssnackorna radiellt mot arbetsstycket sa som redan forklarats i samband med det forsta exemplet. Darefter svanges arbetsstyckets axel och installes i lage beroende pa om kuggarna skola goras raka eller sneda. Da.refter sattas verktygen i rorelse. Verktygens och arbetsstyckets rOrelser kunna vara desamma som forklarats i det forsta exemplet, dvs. arbetsstycket vrides kring sin axel och matas framat, medan verktygen utfOra den i samband med fig. 1 forklarade elliptiska rorelsen C. Vid framstallning av vissa kuggtyper har det emellertid vid detta rorelsefOrlopp visat sig, att avvikelser fran den onskade kuggriktningen kunna upptrada genom profileringssnackornas 1 valsningsrorelser i arbetstycket A. For the production of a gear with straight or obliquely cut teeth according to Figs. 4-7, as in the example in Fig. 2, a cylindrical rod is clamped as a workpiece in a clamping device, in which case also the outer diameter d (Fig. 1) roughly corresponds to the pitch diameter dp ( Fig. 1) of the gear to be manufactured. Then the profiling screws are installed radially against the workpiece as already explained in connection with the first example. The shaft of the workpiece is then pivoted and installed in a position depending on whether the teeth are to be straight or oblique. Then the tools are set in motion. The movements of the tools and the workpiece can be the same as explained in the first example, ie. the workpiece is rotated about its axis and fed forward, while the tools perform the elliptical movement C explained in connection with Fig. 1. However, in the production of certain tooth types, it has been shown in this course of movement that deviations from the desired tooth direction can occur through in the workpiece A.

Detta undvikes genom en ytterligare eller extra axiell fram- och aterrorelse hos profileringssnackorna i forening rned en ytterligare mot den forsta avpassad oscillerande vridrorelse has arbetsstycket kring dess axel B. This is avoided by a further or extra axial forward and rearward movement of the profiling spokes in conjunction with a further oscillating rotational movement adapted to the first having the workpiece about its axis B.

Denna extra fram- och atmorelse hos verktygen sker vinkelratt mot kuggriktningen, dvs. vinkelratt mot rorelsens C plan (fig. 1). Rorelsen installes sa att verktyget for varannan rorelsecykel C beskriver en framatrorelse v (fig. 4), vinkelratt mot planet C, medan returrorelsen u utspelas under mellanliggande rorelsecykler C. This extra forwarding and tightening of the tools takes place perpendicular to the direction of the tooth, ie. perpendicular to the C plane of the rudder (Fig. 1). The motion is installed so that the tool for every other motion cycle C describes a forward motion v (Fig. 4), perpendicular to the plane C, while the return motion u takes place during intermediate motion cycles C.

Om kuggriktningen alltsa awiker at ena sidan, installas verktygets slag u och v sã att de startas fore eller efter verktygets beroring med arbetsstycket, dvs. fore eller efter valsningens paborjande, varigenomverktygetkommer att verka ldngre tid pa en flank av det framstallda kugghjulet an pa motsatta flank oeh darmed kompenserar avvikelsen. If the tooth direction thus deviates on one side, the strokes u and v of the tool are installed so that they are started before or after the tool's contact with the workpiece, ie. before or after the start of the rolling, whereby the tool will act for a longer time on one flank of the produced gear than on the opposite flank and thus compensates for the deviation.

Storleken pa de ytterligare slagrorelserna u eller v motsvarar hogst den valsningsstracka, som harror fra'n ett arbetsslag i riktningen X (fig. 1), dvs. u eller v = Xtgo varvid x = slaget i riktningen X och betecknar profileringssnackans stigningsvmkel. The magnitude of the additional stroke movements u or v corresponds at most to the rolling distance which is obtained from a working stroke in the direction X (Fig. 1), i.e. u or v = Xtgo where x = the stroke in the direction X and denotes the pitch angle of the profiling spoke.

Den ytterligare oscillerande vridrorelsen has arbetsstycket motsvarar exakt slagrorelsen u resp. v i avvalsningscirkeln for de kuggar, som skola framstallas. The additional oscillating rotational movement of the workpiece corresponds exactly to the stroke movement u resp. v in the rolling circle for the teeth to be produced.

Pa det beskrivna sattet kunna aven plana ytor eller enskilda spar astadkommas pa utsidan av ett arbetsstycke A, varvid verktygen ha motsvarande profilformer och arbetsstycket a forskjutes langs sin axel B genom arbetszonen med eller utan flagon extra vridfling. In the manner described, even flat surfaces or individual grooves can be provided on the outside of a workpiece A, the tools having corresponding profile shapes and the workpiece a being displaced along its axis B through the work zone with or without a flap of extra rotation.

Forfaringssattet kan givetvis ocksa genomfOras sh att arbetsstycket Mlles fast inspant i axiell iriktning och profileringsverktygen xnatas i riktningen for den profilbana, som skall framstallas. The procedure can of course also be carried out so that the workpiece is fixedly clamped in the axial direction and the profiling tools are moved in the direction of the profile web to be produced.

I fig. 8-13 visas nagot morn detaljerad en anordning med varianter, medelst vilken eylindriska arbetsstyeken kunna profileras pa det beskrivna sattet utan skarande bearbetning. Figs. 8-13 show in some detail a device with variants, by means of which cylindrical workpieces can be profiled in the manner described without cutting machining.

Anordningen i fig. 8 omf attar en pa en horisontell gejd 10 forskjutbart anordnad. spindeldocka 11, som ãr forsedd med ett spanndon 12 for finspanning av ett arbetsstycke A. Pa vridaxeln mitt emot spindeldockan 11 är ett mothall 14 med hydraulisk matningsanordning 15 anordnad pa en gejd 13 i linje med gejden 10. The device in Fig. 8 comprises a slidably arranged device on a horizontal guide 10. spindle dock 11, which is provided with a clamping device 12 for fine clamping of a workpiece A. On the axis of rotation opposite the spindle dock 11, an abutment 14 with hydraulic feeding device 15 is arranged on a guide 13 in line with the guide 10.

I vertikalplanet genom arbetsstyckets axel B ligga pa bath sidor darom tva kring sina axlar Y vridbart lagrade verktygshallare 3, vilkas axlar Y ligga exakt i linje med varandra vinkelratt mot arbetsstyckets axel B i namnda plan. In the vertical plane through the axis B of the workpiece lie on bath sides around two tool holders 3 rotatably mounted around their axes Y, the axes Y of which lie exactly in line with each other perpendicular to the axis B of the workpiece in said plane.

En. motor 16 driver Over en icke visad kamaxelvaxel i en vaxellada 17 tva drivkolvar for varje verktygshallare 3, vilka kolvar via ledningar 20 resp. 21 pa hydraulisk vag OverfOra den for verktyget erforderliga rorelsen till arbetskolvarna 18 resp. 19 (fig. 9). Vid denna rorelse galler det sma svangningar i riktning for kolvens 18 och alltsa for verktygshallarens 3 axel Y samt svangningar i kuggarnas langdriktning langs axeln X. Verktygen 1 utfora alltsa en rorelse relativt arbetstycket A, vars bana har formen av en plan, mot utgangsidan nagot uppatriktad, dvs. frau arbetsstycket nagot nedatriktad ellips, varvid den raka delen representerar fardigformningsstrackan och den stigande delen representerar fOrformningsstrackan. Ordningsfoljden f6r dessa ba.da strackor kan valjas fritt vid arbetsprocessen genom val av rotationsriktning. One. motor 16 drives Over a camshaft shaft (not shown) in a gearbox 17 two drive pistons for each tool holder 3, which pistons via lines 20 resp. 21 on hydraulic scale Transfer the movement required for the tool to the work pistons 18 resp. 19 (Fig. 9). During this movement there are small oscillations in the direction of the piston 18 and thus for the axis Y of the tool holder 3 as well as oscillations in the longitudinal direction of the teeth along the axis X. The tools 1 thus perform a movement relative to the workpiece A, the path of which is planar. , i.e. from the workpiece slightly downwardly directed ellipse, the straight part representing the preforming section and the rising part representing the preforming section. The order of these two distances can be chosen freely in the work process by choosing the direction of rotation.

Installningen av verktygshallarna i Y-riktningen for den onskade diametern hos arbetsstycket sker medelst en i maskinhuset, vilket i detta fall är utformat sasom press-ram 22 med dragstanger 23, lagrad hylsmutter 24. De mitt emot varandra belagna verktygshallarna 3 installas samtidigt medelst en handmanovrerad anordning 25. The tool racks are installed in the Y-direction for the desired diameter of the workpiece by means of one in the machine housing, which in this case is designed as a press frame 22 with tie rods 23, mounted sleeve nut 24. The opposite tool racks 3 are installed simultaneously by means of a hand-operated device 25.

For verktygshallarnas 3 returrorelse i Yriktningen och fOr att eliminera spel anvandes en oljetryckkolv 62. An oil pressure piston 62 was used for the return movement of the tool halls 3 in the Y-direction and to eliminate play.

Sasom verktyg anvandas vid den visade anordningen likadana profileringssnackor 1 som i fig. 1—.7. Snackorna aro vridbara kring axeln Y och lagrade i slider 26 (fig. 9, 10). Sliderna 26 aro a sin sida styrda medelst vridtappar 27 i en support 28, som medelst kolven 19 ãr rorlig i en rak gejd pa verktygshallaren 3 vinkelratt mot axeln Y. As tools are used in the device shown, the same profiling spokes 1 as in Figs. 1 to .7. The snacks are rotatable about the axis Y and stored in slider 26 (Figs. 9, 10). The slides 26 are in turn guided by means of pivot pins 27 in a support 28, which by means of the piston 19 is movable in a straight guide on the tool holder 3 perpendicular to the axis Y.

Den i supporten 28 vridbart lagrade sliden — — 26 anvandes for installning av profileringssnackans 1 stigningsvinkel. Genom att vrida verktygshallarna 3 kring axeln. Y installes supportens 28 rOrelseriktning sâ att den. noga overensstammer med den profilbana, som skall astadkommas. The slide - - 26 rotatably mounted in the support 28 is used for installing the pitch angle of the profiling snack 1. By turning the tool holders 3 around the shaft. Y install the support 28 direction of movement so that it. closely corresponds to the profile path to be achieved.

Profileringssnackornas 1 rotationsrorelse &verb:51.es medelst koniska kugghjul 29, 30 resp. 31, 32 (fig. 10) och kardanaxlar 33 till drivaxlar 34. For att kunna Overfora drivaxlarnas 34 rotationsrOrelse trots verktygshallarnas axiella svangningsrorelse aro glidbara kilaxelkopplingar 37 inbyggda. Profileringssnackornas drivaxlar 34 Oro vridhart forbundna med varandra Over vaxlar 36 och en forbindelseaxel 37. Genom en stallbar koppling 38 kunna profileringssnackorna in-stalks for ratt ingrepp med kuggarna 1 arbetsstycket (fasinstallning). The rotational movement of the profiling spokes 1 & verb: 51.es by means of bevel gears 29, 30 resp. 31, 32 (Fig. 10) and cardan shafts 33 to drive shafts 34. In order to be able to transfer the rotational movement of the drive shafts 34 despite the axial pivoting movement of the tool shells, slidable wedge shaft couplings 37 are built-in. The drive shafts 34 of the profiling spokes are rotatably connected to each other. Over the shafts 36 and a connecting shaft 37. Through an adjustable coupling 38, the profiling spokes can be stepped in for steering engagement with the teeth 1 of the workpiece (phase installation).

De bada verktygshallarnas profileringssnackor 1 aro vidare over en vinkelvaxel 30, en axel 40, en vinkelvaxel 41, en differential 42, en axel 43, en vinkelvaxel 44 fOrbundna med en regleringstransmission 45, frail vilken ett janint varvtal uppratthalles hos verktygen via en hjalpmotor 46. The profiling talkers 1 of the two tool halls are further connected over an angular shaft 30, a shaft 40, an angular shaft 41, a differential 42, a shaft 43, an angular shaft 44 connected to a control transmission 45, from which a linear speed is maintained in the tools via an auxiliary motor 46.

For avvalsningsrorelse mellan profileringssnackorna 1 och arbetsstycket A, dvs. for att uppratthalla ett fixt overfOringsforhallande mellan dessa hada motsvarande det onskade kuggantalet pa arbetsstycket .anvandes en annan transmission Over en axel 47, en vaxelhjuisats 48, en. kilaxel 49 och en delningsvaxel 50 i spindeldockan 11. For rolling movement between the profiling spokes 1 and the workpiece A, ie. In order to maintain a fixed transmission ratio between these had corresponding to the desired number of teeth on the workpiece, another transmission was used over a shaft 47, a gear housing 48, a. wedge shaft 49 and a pitch shaft 50 in the mandrel 11.

For att astadkomma en. konstant axiell matning av arbetsstycket A i fOrhallande till verktygen anvandes en fran kilaxeln 49 driven stegmatningsvaxel 51, som over en halaxel 52, en koppling 53 samt en vaxel 54 ãr vridbart forbunden med en. matningsmutter 55. Genom att vrida den sistnamnda forskjutes en ihalig spindelskruv 56, som vilar pa spindeldockan 11, i riktning for arbetsstyckets A axel B. To achieve one. constant axial feed of the workpiece A in relation to the tools, a step feed shaft 51 driven from the wedge shaft 49 is used, which over a half shaft 52, a coupling 53 and a shaft 54 are rotatably connected to one. feed nut 55. By turning the latter, a hollow spindle screw 56, which rests on the spindle dock 11, is displaced in the direction of the axis B of the workpiece A.

For framstallning av cylindriska kugghjul med snedskurna kuggar naaste arbetsstycket A dessutom vridas relativt profileringssnackorna 1 i motsvarande fOrhallande till matningen. Denna ytterligare widrorelse astadkommes via en. axel 57, en vaxelhjulsats 58, en axel 59 till en differentialvaxel 42. In addition, for the production of cylindrical gears with beveled teeth, the nearest workpiece A is rotated relative to the profiling nozzles 1 in the corresponding relation to the feed. This additional widrorelse is accomplished via a. shaft 57, a gear set 58, a shaft 59 to a differential shaft 42.

F8r snabbomstallning i matningsriktningen är en hjalpmotor 60 anordnad, vilken Over en kedjetransmission 61 direkt driver axeln 57. For quick changeover in the feed direction, an auxiliary motor 60 is provided, which over a chain transmission 61 directly drives the shaft 57.

Verktygshallaren i fig. 9-11 är sa konstruerad, att man med profileringssnackoma kan astadkomma en extra axiell fram- och aterrorelse. Denna extra rorelse har i fOrening med en motsvarande oscillerande vridrorelse hos arbetsstycket till upgift att kompensera eventuella avvikelser frail den Onskade kuggriktningen. The tool holder in Figs. 9-11 is designed in such a way that an extra axial forward and return movement can be achieved with the profiling spokes. This extra movement, in combination with a corresponding oscillating rotational movement of the workpiece, has the task of compensating for any deviations from the desired tooth direction.

Prnfileringssnackornas axiella fram- och atergkende rorelse astadkommes pa sh satt, att en kolv 63 forskjuter Over ett kuggdrev 64 tva lika, i langdriktningen koniska kilar 65 i supportens 28 slidstyrning. The axial reciprocating motion of the prilfilation spokes is achieved in such a way that a piston 63 displaces over a gear 64 64 two equal, longitudinally conical wedges 65 in the slide guide of the support 28.

Ett annat utforingsexempel ph den extra axiella fram- och atergaende rorelsen hos profileringssnackorna visas i fig. 12, varvid profileringssnackans fram- och atergaende rorelse astadkommes pd sa salt, att en kolv 70 phverkar Over en havstang 71 tva koniska kilar 65, vilka lopa i supportens 28 slidstyrDing. Another exemplary embodiment of the extra axial reciprocating movement of the profiling spokes is shown in Fig. 12, the reciprocating movement of the profiling screw being effected so salty that a piston 70 acts over a sea rod 71 two conical wedges 65, which run in the support 28 wear controlDing.

I overensstammelse med denna fram- och aterghende rorelse maste arbetsstyckets konstanta vridrOrelse overlagras med en oscinerande vridrorelse. Dessa hada rkelser astadkommas frail en motor 16 Over en. i huset 17 anordnad kamvaxel 75 (fig. 13), som genom vridning kan installas mot den kamvaxel, som driver verktygshallarna 3, och som driver en kolv 76, vilken Over en ledning 77 paverkar kolven 63 och en kolv 78, som Over en stallbar haystangsutvaxling 79 forskjuter en delningssnacka 72 i transmissionen 50 axiellt fram och hter, varigenom arbetsstycket erhaller en fram- och atergaende vridriirelse Over ett delningssnackhjul 73. Alit efter arbetsstyckets diameter kan vridningsvinkeln for den fram- och atergaende rorelsen installas vid namnda havstangsutvaxling. De namnda hydrauliska elementen matas Over tilledningar 80 och pafyllningsventiler 81. For sakerhets skull aro avertrycksventiler 82 anordnade. Genom oljetryckforbindningar 83, 84 astadkommas delningssnackans 72 och kolvarnas 63 och 70 returrorelser. In accordance with this reciprocating motion, the constant rotational motion of the workpiece must be superimposed with an oscillating rotational motion. These hate stories are accomplished from an engine 16 Over one. cam shaft 75 (Fig. 13) arranged in the housing 17, which can be installed by rotation against the cam shaft which drives the tool halls 3, and which drives a piston 76, which over a line 77 acts on the piston 63 and a piston 78, which over an adjustable haystack gearing 79 displaces a crossover 72 in the transmission 50 axially forwards and backwards, whereby the workpiece receives a forward and reciprocating rotation over a crossover wheel 73. Depending on the diameter of the workpiece, the angle of rotation of the reciprocating motion can be installed at said sea bar shaft. The said hydraulic elements are fed over lines 80 and filling valves 81. For safety reasons, pressure relief valves 82 are provided. Through oil pressure connections 83, 84, the return movements of the dividing screw 72 and the pistons 63 and 70 are effected.

Drivanordningen for svangrorelsen C Or sh anpassad mot drivanordningen for profileringsverktygens fram- och aterrorelse, att verktygen matas framat under varannan rorelsecykel C och matas tillbaka under mellanliggande rarelsecykel C. The drive device for the swing movement C Or sh adapted to the drive device for the forward and return movement of the profiling tools, that the tools are fed forward during every other movement cycle C and fed back during the intermediate movement cycle C.

For framstallning av ett kugghjul med hjalp av anordningen i fig. 8 forfares ph 101- jande salt. For the production of a gear by means of the device in Fig. 8, ph 101-salt is prepared.

Till arbetsstycke A valjes en cylindrisk stang, t. ex. av stal, vars ytterdiameter ungef Or motsvarar delningsdiametern hos det kugghjul, som skall framstallas. Delta arbetsstycke inspannes i anordningen 12, varefter profileringssnackorna 1 installas me-deist handregleringen 25 radiellt i forhallande till arbetsstycket sh att aystandet mellan verktygens kuggtopp vid arbetsslagets inre vandpunkt i axelns Y riktning, motsvarande snackorrias lage i fig. 1, och arbetsstyckets axel B precis motsvarar fotcirkeldiametern hos Oct kugghjul, som skall framstallas. Vi-dare installes genom sliden 26 profileringssnackornas 1 stigningsvinkel och pa supporten 28 vinkeln for den Onskade kuggriktningen. F8r onskat kuggantal hos arbetsstycket inforas sedan i vaxelhjulgruppen 48 lanaplig kugghjulssats. For onskad stignings- 6— — vinkel hos kuggarna inforas ockth motsvarande kugghjulssats i vaxelhjulgruppen 58. Harefter inkopplas motorerna 16 och 46, varigenom verktygen sattas i reireIse och beskriva sina reirelser C i planet f8r den profilbana, som skall bearbetas. Samtidigt erhaller inspanningsanordningen och darmed arbetsstycket genom inkoppling av matningsvaxeln 51 medelst kopplingen 53 en matningsrorelse mot den mellan verktygen liggande arbetszon.en jamte en vridrorelse kring sin axel B, vilken rorelse over de beskrivna transmissionerna overfores till profileringssnackorna. Sa snart arbetsstyckets A.ndyta kommer in i omradet for de svangande verktygen invalsa dessa vid vane svangning spar i arbetsstycket, vilka genom arbetsstyckets vridrorelse fordelas runt hela omkretsen och genom arbetsstyckets frammatning astadkomma den iinskade profilen. For workpiece A, a cylindrical rod is selected, e.g. of steel, the outer diameter of which is approximately Or corresponds to the pitch diameter of the gear to be manufactured. The delta workpiece is clamped in the device 12, after which the profiling spokes 1 are installed by means of the hand control 25 radially in relation to the workpiece sh so that the distance between the tool tooth tooth at the inner water point of the workpiece in the axis Y direction, corresponding to the talking point position in Fig. 1, and the workpiece axis B exactly corresponds the foot circle diameter of Oct gears to be manufactured. Furthermore, the angle of inclination of the profiling screws 1 in the slide 26 and on the support 28 the angle of the desired tooth direction are installed. For the desired number of teeth of the workpiece, the gear set is then inserted into the gear group 48. For the desired pitch angle of the teeth, the corresponding gear set is also introduced into the gear group 58. The motors 16 and 46 are then engaged, whereby the tools are set in motion and describe their motions C in the plane of the profile path to be machined. At the same time, the clamping device and thus the workpiece by coupling the feed shaft 51 by means of the coupling 53 receives a feed movement towards the working zone between the tools and a rotational movement about its axis B, which movement over the described transmissions is transmitted to the profiling spokes. As soon as the surface of the workpiece enters the area of the oscillating tools, these roll in the usual workpiece in the workpiece, which are distributed around the entire circumference by the rotational movement of the workpiece and to produce the reduced profile through the feed of the workpiece.

Vid kand profilformning genom slagartad resp. hamrande deformation medelst hadar anvanda verktyg, som till storsta delen arbeta i radiell riktning, astadkommes materialets komprimering med forsummande av flankerna, dar en dylik yore onskvard, huvudsakligen i kuggbottnen, dar en sadan är mindre nodvandig. I motsats hartill uppnas vid den beskrivna >inva1sningen» av profilen en likformig komprimering av materialet over hela kuggflanken och Over kuggbottnen, emedan utom de radiellt verkande deformeringskrafterna aven vasentligt sidoriktade deformeringskrafter verka genom generering. Vid normal arbetshastighet vid de bada sat-ten finns det vid)›invalsninuen> dessutom mera -Lid f5r det egentliga delormeringsarbetet an vid slagartad eller hamrande deformering, varfor inga varmekoncentrationer forekomma. De i arbetsstycket invalsade sparen fOrdela sig genom arbetsstyckets vridning Over hela omkretsen och alstra genom arbetsstyckets matning de onskade profilerna. Harvid bildar det genom sparbildningen. undantrangda materialet den Over delningscirkeln utskjutande kuggtoppen. Genom dessa vrid-, svang- och matningsrorelser deltaga verktyg i astadkommandet av alla kuggflanker, varigenom arbetsstyckena Ni absomut jamna. In the case of profile formation by striking resp. hammering deformation by means of hadar using tools, which for the most part work in radial direction, the compaction of the material is accomplished by neglecting the flanks, where such a yore onskvard, mainly in the tooth bottom, where such is less necessary. In contrast, the described "inhalation" of the profile achieves a uniform compression of the material over the entire tooth flank and over the tooth bottom, because in addition to the radially acting deforming forces also substantially lateral deformation forces act by generation. At normal working speed at both baths, there is also more suffering for the actual sub-forming work at striking or hammering deformation, for which reason no heat concentrations occur. The grooves rolled into the workpiece are distributed by rotating the workpiece over the entire circumference and generating the desired profiles through the feed of the workpiece. Then it forms through the formation of savings. displaced material the tooth tip protruding above the dividing circle. Through these rotational, pivoting and feeding movements, tools participate in the creation of all tooth flanks, whereby the workpieces Ni are absolutely smooth.

FOr framstallning av cylindriska kugghjul med snedskurna kuggar svangas profileringssnackornas 1 langdaxlar i forhallande till arbetsstyckets A vridaxel B sã att flanklinjerna i tangentialsnitt pa profileringssnackornas 1 arbetssida ligga precis i linje med den onskade kuggsnedvinkeln. Heltalsvridforballandet mellan profileringssnackan 1 och arbetsstycket A bibehalles visserligen ofOrindrat i motsvarighet till det onskade kuggantalet, men arbetsstyckets varvtal maste liksom vid vanliga kuggskarningsmaskiner korrigeras 1 overensstammelse med den sneda kuggens vinkel och matningen. For the production of cylindrical gears with inclined teeth, the longitudinal axes of the profiling screws 1 are pivoted relative to the axis of rotation B of the workpiece A so that the flank lines in tangential section on the working side of the profiling screws 1 are exactly in line with the desired tooth angle. The integral rotational ball between the profiling screw 1 and the workpiece A is admittedly maintained unchanged in correspondence with the desired number of teeth, but the speed of the workpiece must, as with ordinary tooth cutting machines, be corrected in accordance with the angle of the inclined tooth and the feed.

Vid framstallning av vissa kuggtyper liar det emellertid vid detta rorelseforlopp visat sig, att avvikelser fran den onskade kuggriktningen kunna upptrada i arbetsstyeket A genom profileringssnackornas 1 awalsningsrorelser. In the production of certain tooth types, however, it has been found in this course of movement that deviations from the desired tooth direction can occur in the workpiece A through the rolling movements of the profiling screws 1.

Detta undvikes genom den i samhand med fig. 9-12 forklarade ytterligare axiella framoch aterrArelsen hos profileringssnackorna i forening med en ytterligare mot den forsta vridrOrelsen avpassad, oscillerande vridrorelse hos arbetsstycket kring axeln B. This is avoided by the additional axial forward and rearrangement of the profiling spokes explained in conjunction with Figs. 9-12 in conjunction with a further, oscillating rotational movement of the workpiece about the shaft B adapted to the first rotational movement.

Denna ytterligare fram- och aterrorelse hos verktygen sker vinkelratt mot den 8nskade kuggriktningen, dvs. vinkelratt mot rorelsens C plan (se fig. 1). Den installes sa att verktyget under varannan reirelsecykel C ror sig framat vinkelratt mot rorelsens C plan oeh aterfeires under mellanliggande rOrelsecykier C. This further forward and rearward movement of the tools takes place perpendicular to the desired tooth direction, i.e. angle steering wheel towards the C plane of the rudder (see fig. 1). It is installed so that during every other motion cycle C the tool moves forward perpendicular to the plane C of the motion C and is returned during intermediate motion cycles C.

Genom det beskrivna sattet och den visade anordningen kunna genereringsbara profiler framstallas pa omkretsen av arbetsstycket, och man kan_ medelst profileringssnackor med kuggstangsprofil framstalla alla forekommande kuggantal Aven med s. k. profilkorrigering (profilforskjutning) Man behover alltsã lake langre sasom vid vanliga anordningar ha ett speeiellt formverktyg for vane kuggantal eller kuggantalgrupp. Through the described method and the device shown, generatable profiles can be produced on the circumference of the workpiece, and all profiling numbers can be produced by means of profiling gears with rack profile. Even with so-called profile correction (profile displacement) it is therefore necessary to have a longer cog count or cog count group.

En annan f8rdel flied den beskrivna anordningen ar att arbetsstyckets lager genom att verktygen anordnats mitt emot varandra icke beheiva upptaga nagra radiella krafter. Another advantage of the described device is that the bearings of the workpiece, by arranging the tools opposite each other, do not have to absorb any radial forces.

Naturligtvis skulle hela anordningen ocksa kunna konstrueras sa att arbetsstycket Mlles fast inspant i axiell riktning och profileringsverktygen utfora matningsriirelsen riktning for den profilbana, som skall astadkommas. Of course, the whole device could also be designed so that the workpiece is fixedly clamped in the axial direction and the profiling tools perform the feed movement direction for the profile path to be achieved.

Vidare kunna aven flera an tva verktyg anordnas centrerade kring arbdtsstyckets centrumaxel och da foretradesvis sa, att deras svangaxlar skara varandra i en punkt pa arbetsstyckets centrumaxel. Furthermore, several other tools can also be arranged centered around the center axis of the workpiece and then preferably so that their pivot axes intersect at a point on the center axis of the workpiece.

Claims

Patent claim:

Set to profile the sheathing surface of cylindrical workpieces with regularly repeating profile ii without intersecting machining with the aid of the relative workpiece in a surface determined by the normal to the center axis of the workpiece by the center of gravity of the profile and the longitudinal profile of the profile, fed profiling tools deforming the material. between the tools and the workpiece takes place in the axial direction of the workpiece, characterized in that in addition to a workpiece (A) forcibly imparted, rotating, against the tool movement, the nature of the workpiece and the profile to be produced, adapted, per se known in relation to the center axis (B) of the workpiece, the profiling tools (1) are subjected to such a movement (C) that the individual tool follows a path during its engagement in the workpiece, which corresponds to a part of an elliptical curve, which part contains a preforming track and a. straight finishing molding track and rolls the desired pro-flea, ie it shapes without blows.

2. Set according to claim 1, characterized in that the profiling tools are provided with a rotational movement and displacement movements in axial (X) and radial (Y) direction relative to the workpiece, and that the workpiece is driven synchronously with the tools.

3. according to claim 1, characterized in that the profiling elliptical movements (C) provided with the profiling tool are read less than the height of the profile to be produced, that the tools are further provided with a continuous rotational movement about their axis opposite the elliptical movement , whereby the average generation speed in the profile center of the tools is chosen equal to the rolling movement, and that the workpiece is also imparted a constant rotational movement.

4. A claim according to claim 2, characterized in that the profiling tools, in addition to the displacement movements, are imparted forward and backward angles perpendicular to the radial and axial movements, and that the workpiece, in addition to its rotational movement, is provided with an esilating rotational movement compensate for deviations in the longitudinal directions of the teeth.

Device for carrying out the set according to claim 1, with means for effecting a relative feed movement in the axis direction of the workpiece between tool and workpiece and with tool holders for receiving profiling tools, characterized in that the tool holders (3) for the profiling tools designed as generating tools Oro mounted pivotally about a workpiece intersecting axis, and that drive means arranged Aro, which impart a) the workpiece a rotating and b) the tool a transverse generation motion relative to the circumference of the workpiece, and c) the tool a motion in a surface determined by the normal to the axis of the workpiece, through the center of gravity and the longitudinal direction of the profile, along a part of a flat elliptical curve.

Device according to patent claim 5, characterized in that several tool holders are arranged concentrically around the axis (B) of the workpiece so that their pivot axes (Y) intersect at a point on the axis of the workpiece.

7. Device according to patent claim 5, characterized in that spokes (1) Oro arranged as profiling tools and Oro pivotally mounted in a plane parallel to the center axis (B) of the workpiece so that they can be deviated with their shafts Oro so that they can deviate frail normal to the profile path corresponding to the pitch angle, that said movably connected drive devices impart to the tool holder a pivotal movement (C), which Or less On the reduced profile height, and that the spokes in addition to turning the workpiece in a predetermined relationship to this Oro drivable around its own axis.

Device according to patent claim 7, characterized by tool holders arranged in pairs opposite the axis of the workpiece, arranged by means of pivots in opposite directions of rotation.

Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the profiling tools consist of air snacks, which are arranged to be pivotable for pivoting in elliptical paths against the workpiece parallel to the path of the profile to be produced, and are continuously rotated about its axis opposite these pivoting movements, and that the workpiece Or is arranged to be actuatable to be rotated synchronously with the tool movement.

10. Device according to patent claim 9, characterized by drive devices for imparting, in addition to the elliptical oscillating movements, the tongues forward and reciprocating angles perpendicular to said oscillating movements and off with these coupled drive devices for superimposing the rotational movement of the workpiece with an oscillating rotational movement. Request publications: Patents from France 889 318, 889 376; United Kingdom 711 759; Germany 1 016 222, 1 021 32 2.