RU89974U1 - DEVICE FOR SEPARATION OF WATER OIL EMULSIONS - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A device for separating oil-water emulsions, comprising a housing with a pipe for supplying oil-water emulsions, a pipe for draining oil products, a pipe for draining heavy fractions and a pipe for draining clarified liquids, separating elements installed in the housing with a gap between adjacent separating elements for passing the oil-water emulsion, characterized in that the separating elements are made of oleophobic material in the form of profiled sheets, and local protrusions and local depressions are formed on the separating element in other words, at the top of the local protrusion, an upper passage hole is made for the passage of pop-up fractions to the branch pipe for the removal of petroleum products; in the bottom of the local cavity, a bottom passage hole is made for the passage of sedimentary fractions to the branch pipe for the removal of heavy fractions. ! 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the stops are formed on the separating element with a height equal to the gap between adjacent separating elements.

Description

The utility model relates to devices for treating industrial wastewater from oil, oils, oil products, other pop-up substances and heavy fractions.

A known apparatus for oil dehydration, containing a horizontal housing with a pipe input of the original emulsion, pipe output oil and pipe output water. A flow distributor is placed in the housing and V-shaped hydrodynamic coagulators are installed, made in the form of a set of truncated tetrahedral pyramids (ed. Certificate of the USSR No. 1607864, B01D 17/022, publ. 1990.11.23).

The source emulsion is fed into the housing through the input pipe of the source emulsion. A flow distributor directs the original emulsion to each hydrodynamic coagulator. The stream of the initial emulsion entering each hydrodynamic coagulator is divided by its edge into two streams, each of which flows around one of the faces of the V-shaped coagulator. When flowing around truncated tetrahedral pyramids, oil is separated from the water. Oil is collected in the upper part of the housing and discharged from the housing through the oil outlet pipe. Water is collected in the lower part of the apparatus and is discharged from the housing through the water outlet.

A disadvantage of the known apparatus is the low quality of oil dehydration. In addition, the device has large overall dimensions.

A device for separating dispersed mixtures containing petroleum products is also known. The device includes a vertically arranged cylindrical body with a supply and outlet nozzles and a filter element. The filter element consists of two layers and is located in the inner cylinder located along the axis of the housing, having a slotted conical partition and a supporting grid located below. The first layer is placed above the partition and is made of oleophilic fibers, partially wound into a central pipe, through which a dispersed oil-containing mixture enters. The second layer is made of hydrophilic material and fills the space between the conical partition and the supporting grid (RF patent No. 2129899, B01D 17/022, publ. 1999.05.10).

Another known device for water purification, mainly from petroleum products, contains a vertical cylindrical body with supply and outlet pipes and a filter element with oleophilic fibers (ed. Certificate of the USSR No. 1130363, B01D 17/02, publ. 1983).

A disadvantage of devices in which a filter element with oleophilic fibers is used is the rapid clogging of pores of oleophilic fibers by settling oil products and mechanical impurities. As a result, the quality of separation of dispersed mixtures containing oil products is reduced, and the quality of water purification from oil products is reduced.

Closest to the proposed technical solution is a well-known sump for separating oil-water emulsions, containing a horizontal housing with a pipe for supplying oil-water emulsions, a pipe for removing oil products, a pipe for removing a heavy fraction and a pipe for removing clarified liquid. Separating elements made of a porous hydrophobic film stretched between tension rods mounted in a checkerboard pattern perpendicular to the direction of movement of the emulsion flow are mounted on the rails in the housing. The separating elements are installed in the housing with gaps between adjacent separating elements in such a way that they form a continuous sinusoid in the longitudinal direction. The tension rods are fixed in a ferrule consisting of two annular plates interconnected by horizontal rods. The working surfaces of the separating elements are tilted at an angle of at least 45 ° to facilitate the movement of oil products and heavy fractions isolated from the oil-water emulsion. Upon contact with a porous hydrophobic film, the oil portion of the emulsion adheres to the separating elements and coarsens onto them. The oil portion of the emulsion adhering to the hydrophobic film periodically breaks away from it, the ascending film floats up and is removed from the housing through the branch pipe for the removal of oil products. The settling fractions slide along the separating elements to the bottom of the housing and are removed from the housing through the branch pipe of the removal of the heavy fraction. The clarified water is discharged from the housing through the branch pipe of the clarified liquid. Separated from the oil-water emulsion, the oil part and the sedimenting fractions move along the separating elements in different directions and are not mixed. As a result, the separation efficiency of oil-water emulsions is increased (ed. Certificate of the USSR No. 1733038, B01D 17/02, publ. 1992.05.15).

However, the known sump for separating oil-water emulsions is structurally complex and difficult to manufacture, since it is made of a large number of parts and contains separating elements of different widths. In addition, the sump is inconvenient in operation due to the difficulty of achieving a parallel arrangement of sinusoidal separating elements without the formation of bulges and waves on the stretched hydrophobic film. During operation, it is required to periodically tighten sagging hydrophobic films.

The objective of the proposed utility model is to create a structurally simple and at the same time convenient to use device for the separation of oil-water emulsions.

The technical result achieved by the proposed utility model consists in constructive simplification of the device for separating water-oil emulsions while increasing the convenience of its operation.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that the device for separating oil-water emulsions contains a housing with a nozzle for supplying oil-water emulsions, a nozzle for draining oil products, a nozzle for draining heavy fractions and a nozzle for draining clarified liquids, separating elements installed in the housing with a gap between adjacent separating elements for passing the oil-water emulsion . The separating elements are made of oleophobic material in the form of profiled sheets. Local protrusions and local depressions are formed on the separating element. At the top of the local protrusion, an upper passage hole is made for the passage of the pop-up fractions to the oil outlet pipe. In the bottom part of the local cavity, a lower through hole is made for the passage of settling fractions to the branch pipe for removal of heavy fractions.

On the separating element, stops with a height equal to the gap between adjacent separating elements can be formed.

The implementation of the separating elements from oleophobic material, characterized by low interaction with oils, oil products and other sticky substances, provided the possibility of free passage of pop-up fractions to the branch pipe of the removal of oil without sticking to the separating elements. Drops and smaller particles of such substances contained in the emulsion do not stick to the oleophobic material and do not spread on its surface. As a result, the operation of the device is facilitated, since it is not necessary to clean the separating elements from oils and oil products adhering to them, or such cleaning is much easier.

As an oleophobic material for the manufacture of separating elements, for example, polystyrene can be used.

The proposed device for the separation of oil-water emulsions is structurally simple and technologically simple to manufacture. The separating elements in such a device may be structurally the same. They can be made in the simplest way, for example by stamping. During the manufacturing process of the device, such elements can be stacked in a housing by simply stacking one on top of the other. In this case, the gap between adjacent dividing elements can be formed automatically due to stops, with a height equal to the gap between adjacent dividing elements. Stops can be formed on each separating element by stamping during profiling of the separating element and forming on it local protrusions and local depressions.

The utility model is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 is a front view in section on a device for separating oil-water emulsions.

Figure 2 is a left view of a device for separating oil-water emulsions.

Figure 3 is a right view of a device for the separation of oil-water emulsions.

Figure 4 is a top view of a device for the separation of oil-water emulsions.

5 is a top view in an enlarged scale on a separating element laid in the housing.

6 is a side view in an enlarged scale on a separating element in the context of molded on it local protrusions.

7 is a side view in an enlarged scale on the separating element in the context of molded on it local depressions and stops.

A device for separating water-oil emulsions contains a housing 1 with a pipe 2 for supplying a water-oil emulsion, a pipe 3 for removing oil products, a pipe 4 for removing heavy fractions and a pipe 5 for removing clarified liquid. A pipe 2 for supplying oil-water emulsion is located in the front of the housing 1. A pipe 3 for the removal of oil products is located in the upper part of the housing 1. A pipe 4 for the removal of heavy fractions is located in the lower part of the housing 1. A pipe 5 for draining the clarified liquid is located in the rear of the housing 1. In the housing 1 separating elements 6 are installed with gaps 7 relative to each other for transmission of the oil-water emulsion. The separating elements 6 are made of oleophobic material or an material with an oleophobic coating in the form of profiled structurally identical sheets. Local protrusions 8, local depressions 9 and stops 10 are formed on each separating element 6. At the top of the local protrusion 8, an upper passage opening 11 is formed for the passage of pop-up fractions to the oil product outlet pipe 3. In the bottom of the local cavity 9, a lower through hole 12 is formed for the passage of the precipitating fractions to the pipe 4 for removal of heavy fractions. The height of the stops 10 formed on the separating element 6 is equal to the gap 7 between adjacent separating elements 6 installed in the housing 1.

A device for the separation of oil-water emulsions as follows.

The separating elements 6 are installed in the housing 1 in parallel with each other, stacking each subsequent separating element 6 on the stops 10 of the previously laid separating element 6. At the same time, a gap 7 is formed between the stacked and previously laid separating elements 6 for the passage of the oil-water emulsion. The upper passage holes 11 of the stacked separation element 6 are located above the corresponding upper passage holes 11 of the previously laid separation element 6. The lower passage holes 12 of the stacked separation element 6 are located above the corresponding lower passage holes 12 of the previously laid separation element 6. The water-oil emulsion to be separated is fed into the housing 1 through the pipe 2 of the oil-water emulsion and pass through the gaps 7 between the separating elements 6. In the gap 7 in one-oil emulsion flows around the local protrusions 8 and local depressions 9, changing its direction of movement in accordance with the bends of the gap 7. Particles of oil, oils, oil products and other pop-up substances pass through the upper through holes 11 to the pipe 3 of the drain of oil products and do not stick to the separating elements 6 due to non-wetting of oleophobic material by them. The settling fractions pass through the lower through holes 12 to the branch pipe 4 of the removal of heavy fractions. The clarified liquid, after separation of the floating and settling fractions from the oil-water emulsion, is discharged from the housing 1 through the nozzle 5 of the clarified liquid discharge.

Claims (2)

1. A device for separating oil-water emulsions, comprising a housing with a pipe for supplying oil-water emulsions, a pipe for draining oil products, a pipe for draining heavy fractions and a pipe for draining clarified liquids, separating elements installed in the housing with a gap between adjacent separating elements for passing the oil-water emulsion, characterized in that the separating elements are made of oleophobic material in the form of profiled sheets, and local protrusions and local depressions are formed on the separating element in other words, at the top of the local protrusion, an upper passage hole is made for the passage of pop-up fractions to the branch pipe for the removal of petroleum products; in the bottom of the local cavity, a bottom passage hole is made for the passage of sedimentary fractions to the branch pipe for the removal of heavy fractions. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the stops are formed on the separating element with a height equal to the gap between adjacent separating elements.