RU196274U1 - Three-phase oil separator - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to apparatus for the separation and deep dehydration of oil in the oil refining industry and can be used in other industries for the separation of liquid and gas mixtures. A three-phase separator for separating oil well products contains a horizontal cylindrical tank with nodes for the injection of oil-gas condensate, water and oil drainage, a distribution-coalescing device, an oil overflow partition, and a droplet eliminator. The separator is equipped with a water inlet unit, and the distribution-coalescing device is made in the form of successively placed thin-layer flow filters consisting of four sections, each of which is a set of plates installed at an angle of 45 ° to the horizontal plane and perpendicular to the cross-sectional plane of the tank, mass transfer tube made of a set of parallel horizontal pipes of the same diameter and plate mass transfer filters, the oil overflow partition being made up and of the three sections forming a semicircular sector, in the lower part of which there is a cylindrical hole for the drain pipe of the water drainage unit. The separator allows you to improve the technological process of separation of the gas-liquid mixture, to increase the depth of the demulsification of the oil-water emulsion and to improve the quality of the preparation of the separated associated produced water. 8 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to apparatus for the separation and deep dehydration of oil in the oil refining industry and can be used in other industries for the separation of liquid and gas mixtures. Three-phase separator (TFS) provides the intensification of the process of primary separation of oil well products into water-oil emulsion, associated petroleum gas and mechanical impurities. Known three-phase separator for separating the production of oil wells (RF patent No. 2343277, CL ЕВВ 43/24, publ. 10.01.2009), containing a horizontal cylindrical tank with nodes of the input gas-liquid mixture (GHS), water and oil, distribution coalescing device, oil overflow partition and drop eliminator. The main disadvantage of the known separator is the low efficiency of the process of separating the production of oil wells into oil-water emulsion, associated petroleum gas and mechanical impurities.

The technical problem is the elimination of the noted drawback. The technical result consists in improving the technological process of separation of a gas-liquid mixture, increasing the depth of demulsification of the oil-water emulsion and improving the quality of the preparation of separated associated produced water.

The problem is solved, and the technical result is ensured by the fact that the three-phase separator for separating oil well products, containing a horizontal cylindrical tank with nodes for the injection of GHS, water and oil drainage, a distribution-coalescing device, an oil transfer partition and a droplet eliminator, is equipped with a water injection unit, and the distribution the coalescing device is made in the form of a successively placed thin-layer flow filter consisting of four sections, each of which is a set of plasmas tin installed at an angle of 45 ° to the horizontal plane and perpendicular to the plane of the cross section of the tank, mass transfer tube and plate mass transfer filters, and the oil transfer partition is composed of three sections, forming a semicircular sector, in the lower part of which there is a cylindrical hole for the drain pipe of the water drainage unit .

In FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the proposed separator; in FIG. 2 - GJS input unit (water input unit has a similar design); in FIG. 3 - sections aa and bb in FIG. 2; Fig. 4 is a general view of a thin-layer flow filter and its section along AA; in FIG. 5 - pipe mass transfer filter; in FIG. 6 - plate mass transfer filter and its transverse (along aa) and longitudinal sections; in FIG. 7 - node "stop-industrial" (side view and top, respectively); in FIG. 8 - oil overflow partition, where

1. - node input GHS;

2. - water input unit from the sand trap apparatus;

3. - a thin-layer flow filter;

4. - filter tube mass transfer;

5. - plate mass transfer filter;

6. - unit for oil drainage;

7. - water drainage unit;

8. - node "stop industrial layer";

9. - oil overflow partition;

10. - plate droplet eliminator.

The three-phase separator for separating oil well products contains a horizontal cylindrical tank with nodes for the introduction of GHS 1, water 2, drainage of water 7 and oil 6. The inlets of the GHS and water are made of the inlet pipe 11, upper 12 and lower 13 covers and four distribution partitions 14. The flow of water-oil emulsion entering the TFS along the pipe 11 is evenly distributed between the four distribution partitions 14. The flow of water entering the TFS along the pipe 11 is evenly distributed between the four distribution partitions 14 The design of the assembly reduces the likelihood of turbulent turbulence in the intermediate layer of the apparatus caused by the intense hydrodynamic effects of liquids entering the TFS apparatus. The thin-layer flow filter (Fig. 4) is designed to increase the intensity of the demulsification process, degassing the GHS flow, and also serves as the first stage of water preparation. The thin-layer flow filter 3 consists of four main sections (section A - 4 pcs., Section B - 8 pcs., Section B - 2 pcs. And section G - 2 pcs.), Each of which is a set of plates of various designs, installed at an angle of 45 ° to the horizontal plane and perpendicular to the plane of the cross section of the tank. When the plates are installed at a given angle, the pressure in the system remains unchanged, however, the resistance of the deposited water droplets and pop-up oil droplets is minimized, there is no mixing effect of the already separated oil and water flows. Due to the difference in densities, the precipitated drop of water falls on the outer surface of the plate, where it is enlarged by merging with other drops of water and sliding down the surface of the plate. On the back of the plate, the same process occurs with a pop-up drop of oil. As the stream moves through the thin-layer flow filter, coagulation between pop-up drops of oil and precipitated drops of water intensifies.

During the movement of the emulsion flow through the interplate space, due to the unique design, a repeated change in the direction of flow and the formation of a laminar regime of fluid flow occurs. This process is characterized by the convergence of droplets of the dispersed phase with the surface of the plates until they come in contact. Next comes the kinetic stage, in which the combination of the phase interfaces occurs. Combining and enlargement of water droplets approaching, merging of oil droplets with a layer of oil on the surface of the plates. Upon reaching a certain size, coarse droplets of water under the influence of gravity are deposited from the oil part of the stream, and coarse droplets of oil and oil from the plates rise into the surface, oil layer.

The mass transfer tube filter 4 (Fig. 5) is designed to provide high intensity in the process of droplet formation of small drops of oil and water into larger ones and thereby increase the efficiency of the process of oil and water preparation. The mass transfer tube filter acts as the second stage of water treatment. The mass transfer tube filter 4 is made of a set of parallel horizontal pipes of the same diameter. The walls of the filter have oleophilic properties. The mass transfer tube filter improves the quality of water treatment. The angle of the tubes is allowed up to 5 ° horizontally. The mass transfer tube filter is characterized by the efficiency of coalescence and coagulation up to 85%.

The mass transfer plate filter 5 (Fig. 6) is designed to ensure coalescence of coarse oil droplets and water droplets, as well as to even out the liquid flow along the inside diameter of the apparatus. The mass transfer plate filter acts as the third stage of water treatment. The mass transfer filter 5 is made of vertical plates installed in such a way that the movement of the flow through the inter-plate space takes place initially at an angle of 45 °, and then is again leveled and evenly distributed on the inner surface of the TFS apparatus.

The stop-industrial unit 8 (Fig. 7) is designed to minimize the risk of formation water flowing from the main (technological) TFS compartment into the oil compartment. The stop-industrial assembly 8 consists of polypropylene plates and fasteners perforated by cylindrical holes. The stop-industrial unit assembly forms an artificial barrier from an intermediate layer consisting of oil and water, which reduces the risk of overflow of already separated and prepared water into the oil compartment of the TFS apparatus.

Oil overflow partition 9 (Fig. 8) is designed to distinguish between the zones of water drainage and oil drainage in the TFS apparatus. The oil overflow partition consists of 3 sections 15, 16 and 17, forming a semicircular sector with a radius of 1100 mm. In the lower part of the sector there is a cylindrical hole (DN = 103 mm) for the pipe of the water drainage unit.

Lamellar droplet separator 10 is designed to clean the associated petroleum gas released in the TFS from dropping liquid. Drip tray-plate is a purchased product (TU 3683-005-97973985-2018). Gaseous medium enters the droplet eliminator body and enters the sections of vertically oriented lamellar profiles and onto inclined lamellar profiles, where particles of droplet liquid adhere to the surface of the profiles and flow through the lower perforated housing cover into the inclined drain screen under the influence of gravity. Drops of liquid in the gas being cleaned, when the gas flows through the vertical and inclined sections of the plate made of oleophilic materials, striking the surface of the plates actively coalesce with each other. In this case, their mass increases. When critical mass values of the droplets are reached, they slide down the surface of the plates to the surface of the lower perforated cover, from where the droplets fall onto the inclined drain screen. The design of the inclined sections of the plates has a smaller gap between the plates, in comparison with vertical ones. This is done so that the main gas flow passes through a section of vertical plates. The separated gas is discharged from the housing through the gas outlet pipe.

The separator works as follows.

Partially degassed water-oil emulsion from the apparatus of the sand trap (PU) through the input unit, enters the separator tank (Fig. 1) with a volume of 40 m3. Separated in PU water is supplied in a separate stream to the TFS apparatus through the water inlet unit.

Evenly distributed inside the TFS apparatus body, the water-oil emulsion and water, due to the difference in density, occupy the upper and lower boundary positions and enter the thin-layer flow filter 3 (Fig. 4), which ensures effective demulsification and coalescence of oil drops and water drops. Also, on the filter of the thin-layer flow, sedimentation of finely dispersed mechanical impurities carried away by GLC flows from the PU apparatus takes place.

Next, the flow is fed into the mass transfer pipe filter 4 (Fig. 5), made of horizontally mounted pipes with an oleophilic surface. Passing through the in-tube space, finely dispersed droplets of oil stick to the walls and eventually coalesce with each other, forming larger droplets with a higher ascent energy. After the mass transfer pipe filter 4 (Fig. 5), the liquid flow enters the mass transfer plate filter 5 (Fig. 6), made of plates with an olefil surface, necessary for effective droplet formation in the water and oil layers of the liquid flow. The partially dehydrated water-oil emulsion after the thin-layer plate filter 5 is poured through the oil overflow baffle 10 (Fig. 8) and is discharged from the TFS apparatus through the oil removal unit. Water, partially purified from oil products and EHF, is discharged from the TFS apparatus through the water drainage unit. In order to minimize the possibility of overflow of bleached water through the oil overflow partition, a stop-industrial layer assembly is provided on it (Fig. 7), which forms an artificial barrier to the water flow.

The gas released during the separation in the TFS apparatus, passing through a plate droplet eliminator, is cleaned of droplet liquid and is removed from the apparatus. Precipitated solids accumulate along the lower generatrix of the TFS apparatus.

Claims (1)

A three-phase separator for separating oil well products, comprising a horizontal cylindrical tank with nodes for injecting oil and gas, a water and oil outlet, a distribution coalescing device, an oil overflow partition and a droplet eliminator, characterized in that it is equipped with a water inlet unit, and the distribution coalescing device is made in the form of a series placed a thin-layer flow filter consisting of four sections, each of which is a set of plates installed at an angle of 45 ° to the horizontal a plane and perpendicular to the plane of the cross-section of the tank, mass transfer tube made of a set of parallel horizontal pipes of the same diameter, and plate mass transfer filters, the oil transfer partition made up of three sections, forming a semicircular sector, in the lower part of which there is a cylindrical hole for the drain pipe of the assembly water drainage.

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