RU89440U1 - STAND FOR ASSEMBLY AND WELDING OF CARS - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of welding, in particular, to devices for assembling and fastening long frame structures in a position for welding, mainly to stands for assembling and welding frames of railway cars and can be used at car building and car repair enterprises in the manufacture, modernization and overhaul repair of various types of cars. A stand containing a base and conductors with basing and clamping devices mounted on them. The conductors are made in the form of rigid frames located perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the stand. Base and pressure devices are equipped with pneumatic drives. The base contains mounting elements rigidly fixed along the longitudinal axis of the stand at distances relative to each other, corresponding to the distances between the axes of the transverse beams of the frames of the given types of cars. The conductors are made with the possibility of fastening to the mentioned installation elements and the readjustment of the basing and clamping devices for assembling the frames of the given types of wagons. The base and pressure devices are made with the possibility of assembling frames of the specified types of cars. The stand contains a control system interconnected with pneumatic drives, configured to configure, diagnose and control the basing and clamping devices when assembling frames of specified types of cars. Moreover, the stand contains two conductors of frontal beams, two conductors of pivot beams and conductors of intermediate beams, the number of which corresponds to the number of intermediate beams on the frames of the given types of wagons. The base and clamping devices of the frontal beam conductors consist of one spreader of the spinal beam, one centralizer of the spinal beam, two tops of the lower sheet, two tops of the upper sheet, four clamps of the bottom sheet, two lateral braces, two horizontal clamps of the side brackets, two frontal beam clamps and two frontal beam clamps. The base and clamping devices of the pivot beam conductors consist of four vertical pivots of the pivot beam, two clamps of the bottom sheet of the pivot beam, two stops of the side trim, two horizontal clamps of the side trim, two centralizers of the longitudinal beams, two horizontal clamps of the pivot beam, two stops of the pivot spinal cord clamps. 5. The stand according to paragraph 2, characterized in that the base and clamping devices of the intermediate beam conductors consist of two clamps of the spine beam, four clamps of the intermediate beam, two stops of the side trim, two horizontal clamps of the side trim, two vertical clamps of the side trim and two centralizers of the longitudinal beams. The control system includes a control cabinet, two control panels located in the middle of the stand on two sides of its longitudinal axis, and control posts located on each conductor, while the control cabinet is connected to control panels, control stations and pneumatic drives of the base and pressure devices and contains start-up equipment, controls, a touch display, a control controller and an alarm system, control panels are interconnected through a control cabinet and contain distribution stations peripherals and button control panels, and control stations contain button control panels. The design of the stand allows you to significantly expand the technological capabilities of the stand by ensuring the assembly and welding of frames of various types of wagons while significantly reducing the complexity of these operations. 1 n.p. f-ly; 5 cp f-ly; 10 of FIG. heck.; 3 approx.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of welding, in particular, to devices for assembling and fastening long frame structures in a position for welding, mainly to stands for assembling and welding frames of railway cars and can be used at car building and car repair enterprises in the manufacture, modernization and overhaul repair of various types of cars.

A characteristic feature of modern car-building production is the frequent updating of products while significantly expanding its range. The production efficiency in these conditions largely depends on the technological capabilities of the equipment used and the level of its automation. The expansion of technological capabilities allows for quick readjustment of equipment for the manufacture of a certain range of products, then specified types of wagons, and the optimal level of automation reduces the complexity and duration of technological operations on this equipment. These requirements should be taken into account when developing, including modern stands for the assembly and welding of car frames used in production lines for the manufacture and modernization of various types of cars.

A well-known stand for the assembly and welding of frames of wagons (see B. G. Tsygan, A. B. Tsygan. Car building constructions. Production, modernization, repair / Monograph, edited by B. G. Tsygan. - Kremenchug: Publishing House "Kremenchug ", 2005. - 751 p., S.165-166.), Containing the base and conductors with mounted on their base and clamping devices. The conductors are made in the form of rigid frames located perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the stand, and the basing and pressing devices are equipped with pneumatic drives. Conductors are permanently fixed to the base. The distance between the conductors corresponds to the distance between the axes of the transverse beams of one type of car. The drives of the basing and clamping devices are made in the form of pneumatic cylinders kinematically connected with the working bodies of the corresponding devices. The mentioned devices are mounted on conductors with the possibility of assembling a frame of one type of car. Pneumatic actuators are controlled manually using pneumatic valves located on the conductors. The well-known stand is used at the car-building enterprises for the final assembly and partial welding of the gondola car frame.

The disadvantages of the known stand design are:

- stationary mounting of conductors on the base, eliminating the possibility of changing the location of conductors for assembling frames of several types of cars having different numbers of transverse beams and different distances between the axes of these beams, which significantly limits the technological capabilities of the stand;

- stationary mounting on the conductors of the basing and clamping devices, eliminating the possibility of their readjustment for assembling the frames of several types of cars having different design of transverse and longitudinal beams, which significantly limits the technological capabilities of the stand;

- lack of automation, which significantly increases the complexity and duration of the assembly and welding operations of the carriage frames.

The utility model is based on the task of creating such a stand for assembling and welding wagon frames, in which due to the other design of the base, conductors with basing and pressing devices and their other interconnection, as well as through the introduction of a control system, the technological capabilities of the stand are expanded , allowing the assembly of frames of various types of wagons while reducing the complexity and duration of assembly and welding operations.

The problem is solved in that the stand for the assembly and welding of carriages frames, containing a base with conductors fixed on it, on which the basing and pressing devices are mounted, while the conductors are made in the form of rigid frames located perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the stand, and the basing and the pressing devices are equipped with pneumatic drives, according to a utility model, the base contains mounting elements rigidly fixed along the longitudinal axis of the stand at distances relative to each other, corresponding the distances between the axes of the transverse beams of the frames of the given types of cars, the conductors are made with the possibility of fastening to the mentioned installation elements and the readjustment of the basing and pressing devices for assembling the frames of the specified types of cars, and the basing and pressing devices are made to assemble the frames of the specified types of cars, contains a control system interconnected with pneumatic actuators, configured to configure, diagnose and control basing and pressure devices assembling frames specified types of cars.

To expand the technological capabilities of the stand by ensuring the assembly of frames of various types of cars, it contains two conductors of frontal beams, two conductors of pivot beams and conductors of intermediate beams, the number of which corresponds to the number of intermediate beams on the frames of the given types of cars.

To accomplish the same task, the basing and clamping devices of the frontal beam conductors consist of one rammer of the spinal beam, one centralizer of the spinal beam, two rammers of the lower leaf, two rammers of the upper leaf, four clamps of the bottom leaf, two stops of the side trim, two horizontal clamps of the lateral trim, two rammers of the frontal beam and two clamps of the frontal beam.

To perform the same task, the base and clamping devices of the pivot beam conductors consist of four vertical pivots of the pivot beam, two clamps of the bottom sheet of the pivot beam, two stops of the side trim, two horizontal clamps of the side trim, two centralizers of the longitudinal beams, two horizontal clamps of the pivot beam, emphasis pivot beam and two clamps of the spinal beam.

To accomplish the same task, the base and clamping devices of the intermediate beam conductors consist of two spine beam clamps, four intermediate beam clamps, two lateral strapping stops, two horizontal side strapping clamps, two vertical side strapping clamps and two longitudinal beam centralizers.

To reduce the complexity of the assembly and welding operations of the carriages, the control system includes a control cabinet, two control panels located in the middle of the stand on two sides of its longitudinal axis, and control posts located on each conductor, while the control cabinet is connected to control panels, control posts and pneumatic actuators of the basing and pressing devices and contains starting equipment, controls, a touch screen, a control controller and an alarm system, control panels are connected ezhdu through a control cabinet and distribution stations comprise periphery and push-button control panel and push-button control stations comprise the control panel.

The inventive stand is illustrated by the example of its design, intended for the assembly and welding of frames of specified types of freight cars, which include a universal platform, a platform for transporting cars and gondola cars.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by the figures of the drawings:

figure 1 is a General view of the stand for assembly and welding of the frame of a universal platform, side view;

figure 2 is a General view of the stand for assembly and welding of the frame of a universal platform, top view;

figure 3 is a General view of the conductor of the frontal beam of the universal platform, front view;

figure 4 is a General view of the conductor of the frontal beam of the universal platform, top view;

5 is a General view of the conductor pivot beam universal platform;

6 is a General view of the conductor intermediate beam universal platform, front view;

Fig.7 is a General view of the conductor intermediate beams of the universal platform, a top view;

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a plant control system;

Fig.9 is a General view of the stand for the assembly and welding of the frame of the platform for transporting cars, top view;

figure 10 is a General view of the stand for the Assembly and welding of the frame of the gondola car, top view.

A stand for assembling and welding frames of wagons contains a base 1, conductors mounted on it frontal 2, pivot 3 and intermediate 4 beams, as well as a control system (not indicated).

The base 1 is made (Fig.1-3) in the form of mounting elements rigidly fixed on both sides of the longitudinal axis of the stand, consisting of longitudinal beams 5 and fixed on them fixing boxes 6 and rails 7. Fixing boxes 6 are placed at distances from each other, corresponding to the distances between the axes of the transverse beams of the frames of the given types of cars.

Conductors 2-4 are intended for assembly in a position for welding the longitudinal and transverse beams of the frame with nodes and parts for their saturation and are made (Figs. 3-7) of profile and sheet metal in the form of rigid welded frames, 8-10, respectively, which contain supporting elements for mounting base and pressure devices, pneumatic and electrical equipment. The conductors 2-4 are mounted on the fixing boxes 6 and the rails 7 of the base 1 by means of the clamps 11 and bolted connections 12. The supporting elements are located on the side and upper surfaces of the frames 8-10 and are made with the possibility of readjustment of the basing and pressing devices relative to the corresponding conductors 2-4 for assembly frames specified types of cars.

Further, the device of the stand is considered on the example of its execution for the assembly and welding of the frame of a universal platform.

Conductors of the frontal beams 2 (Figs. 3, 4) are designed for basing and fixing the spinal and frontal beams, as well as the side strapping of the frame (not shown) and are fixed on the base 1 at a distance corresponding to the distance between the axes of the frontal beams of the universal platform frame. The basing and clamping devices are mounted on the corresponding supporting elements of the frame 8 and are made in the form of one rammer 13 of the spinal beam, two rammers 14 of the lower sheet of the frontal beam, two rammers of the upper sheet of the frontal beam, two pairs of clamps 16 and 17 of the lower sheet of the frontal beam, two stops 18 lateral strapping, two horizontal clamps 19 lateral strapping and one centralizer 20 of the spinal beam. On the conductor of the frontal beam 2, mounted on the opposite side of the stand, instead of the rammer 13, a fixed stop (not shown) of the spinal beam is mounted. The rammers 13-15, the clamps 16.17 and 19, the stops 18 and the centralizer 20 are equipped with pneumatic drives (not indicated). On the upper surface of the frame 8, on both sides of the rammer 13 of the spinal beam, plates 21 with adjusting gaskets are fixed, and under the clamps 17 - plates 22.

The rammer 13 is designed to base the spinal beam on the conductors of 2-4 frontal beams along the longitudinal axis of the stand and is made in the form of a hinged linkage mounted on frame 8 with the possibility of corresponding movement of the spinal beam. The rammer 13 consists of a vertical two-shouldered lever (not indicated), the upper arm of which is made in the form of a pusher, the middle part is pivotally connected to the support element in the form of a bracket rigidly mounted on the front vertical wall of the frame 8, and the lower shoulder is pivotally connected to the pneumatic cylinder (not shown) mounted inside frame 8.

The rammers 14 are designed to be based on the conductors 2 of the lower sheets of the frontal beams and mounted on supporting elements made in the form of plates 23 with three rows of holes for bolted connections rigidly fixed by brackets (not indicated) on the front vertical wall of the frame 8. The rammers 14 consist of two articulated lever mechanisms with L-shaped levers, the middle parts of which are pivotally mounted on the uprights, and the lower parts through the intermediate levers are pivotally connected to pneumatic actuators (not indicated). The working parts of the rammers 14 are formed by the inner upper surfaces of the L-shaped levers. Cases of pneumatic actuators are fixed in a vertical position by means of hinges (not indicated) on the plates 23. On the same plates 23 are fixed the fastening posts of the L-shaped levers. The third row of holes on the plates 23 is intended for mounting on them one side of the clamps 17 of the lower sheet of the frontal beam.

Rockers 15 are designed to base the upper sheet of the frontal beam relative to its frontal sheet and are made in the form of two mechanisms with linear movement of the working bodies and are fixed by bolting to supporting elements (not indicated) made on the upper horizontal surface of the frame 8. The rams 15 are kinematically connected to pneumatic cylinders (not shown) mounted inside the frame 8.

Clips 16 and 17 are designed to fix the lower sheets of the frontal beams in a vertical position. The clamps 16 are made in the form of two articulated lever mechanisms with L-shaped levers, the middle parts of which are pivotally connected to the stands installed on the bases (not indicated), which are bolted to the supporting elements (not marked), made on the upper horizontal surface of the frame 8. The working parts of the clamps 16 are formed by the inner upper surfaces of the L-shaped levers. Opposite parts of the L-shaped levers through intermediate levers are pivotally connected to pneumatic actuators (not shown) mounted inside the frame 8.

The design of the clamps 17 is similar to the ram holders 14, except for the fastening of the pneumatic cylinder made on one plate (not indicated) together with the L-shaped levers. The supporting elements for fastening the clamps 17 are made in the form of plates 24 with three rows of holes for bolted connections, rigidly mounted on brackets (not indicated) located on the front vertical wall of the frame 8. The clamps 17 are bolted to the plates 23 and 24. Between the clamps 17 and rammers 14 on the upper surface of the frame 8 mounted stops 25.

The stops 18 are designed to base the side strands and are mounted on supporting elements made on the horizontal surface of the frame 8 in the form of platforms 26. The stops 18 consist of vertically oriented flat stops, one side of which is mounted on rotary axes mounted by bearings on vertical brackets rigidly connected with horizontal plates (not marked). The lower parts of the rotary axes are connected to pneumatic cylinders (not indicated) with the possibility of rotation by 90 °. The horizontal plates of the stops 18 are fixed on the platforms 26 by means of bolted connections with the possibility of adjusting movements relative to the conductors 2 in the horizontal direction.

Horizontal clamps 19 are designed to fix the side harnesses on the stops 18 and are mounted on supporting elements made in the form of plates (not indicated), mounted on the rear vertical walls of the frame 8 from the side of the conductors 3 of the pivot beams. The horizontal clamps 19 are made in the form of two lever mechanisms with L-shaped levers, the working parts of which are formed by their inner upper surfaces, the middle parts are hinged on racks with platforms, and the lower parts are pivotally connected to pneumatic cylinders (not indicated). Racks with platforms and pneumatic cylinders by bolted connections (not shown) are fixed in a horizontal position on the plates of the supporting elements.

The centralizer 20 is designed to base the spinal beam along the longitudinal axis of the stand and mounted on supporting elements made in the form of plates 27 fixed in the central part of the rear vertical wall of the frame 8 from the side of the conductors 3. The centralizer 20 is made in the form of two brackets directed towards each other, the lower parts of which are pivotally mounted on vertical posts fixed to the plates 27 by means of bolted connections, and connected to a pneumatic actuator (not shown).

Conductors of pivot beams 3 (Fig. 5) are designed for basing and fixing pivot beams and side frames of frames and are fixed on the base 1 at a distance corresponding to the distance between the axes of the same-name beams of the universal frame. The basing and pressing devices are mounted on the corresponding supporting elements of the frame 9 and are made in the form of four vertical clamps 28 of the pivot beam, two clamps 29 of the bottom sheet of the pivot beam, two stops 30 of the side trim and two horizontal clamps 31 of the side trim. In addition, on the upper surface of the frame 9 in its central part between the vertical clamps 28, a pivot beam frame template 32 is fixed, a plate 33 is fixed under it in the center of the frame 9, plates 34 are located on both sides of it, and plates 35 are located under the clips 29. Four stops 36 are installed on the inner surfaces of the vertical walls of the frame 9, and two stops 37 on the outer surface of the rear vertical wall.

Vertical clamps 28 are designed to fix the pivot beams on the handkerchiefs 34 and mounted on supporting elements made in the form of vertically oriented plates (not labeled) located at an angle of 45 ° symmetrically relative to each other on the side walls of the frame 9. Vertical clamps 28 are made in the form of horizontal levers, the axes of which intersect in the center of the conductor 3. One shoulder of the horizontal levers is pivotally connected to the corresponding pneumatic cylinder, and the middle part is with racks mounted on the upper roofs kah of the same pneumatic cylinders (not marked).

Clips 29 are intended for fixing the lower sheets of pivot beams and are mounted on supporting elements made on the upper horizontal surface of the frame 8 in the form of longitudinal platforms 38. Clips 29 consist of L-shaped levers, the middle parts of which are pivotally connected through the intermediate rods to the wings made on vertical struts, and with pneumatic cylinders, and the lower parts of the levers are pivotally connected to the same struts (not marked). The working elements of the clamps 29 are mounted on the horizontal parts of the L-shaped levers and are removable (not marked). Vertical racks are rigidly fixed to the plates, which are mounted on longitudinal platforms 38 by means of bolted connections (not marked).

The purpose and design of the stops 30 and horizontal clamps 31 of the lateral trim on the conductors of the pivot beams 3 are similar to the stops 18 and horizontal clamps 19 mounted on the conductors of the frontal beams 2. Supporting elements for mounting the stops 30 are made in the form of horizontal cantilever pads 39 mounted on the rear vertical wall frame 9 from the side of the conductors 2 of the frontal beams. The stops 30 are fixed on horizontal platforms 39 by means of bolted connections (not indicated). Supporting elements for mounting horizontal clamps 31 are located on opposite vertical walls of the frame 9 and are made in the form of vertically oriented pads 40. Horizontal clamps 31 are fixed to the pads 40 by means of bolted connections (not indicated).

The conductors of the intermediate beams 4 (6, 7) are designed for basing and fixing the spinal and intermediate beams, as well as the side strapping of the frames and are fixed on the base 1 between the conductors of the pivot beams 3 at distances corresponding to the distances between the axes of the same-name frame beams of the universal platform.

The base and clamping devices on the conductors of the intermediate beams 4 are mounted on the corresponding supporting elements of the frame 10 and are made in the form of two clamps 41 of the spine beam, four clamps 42 of the intermediate beam, two stops 43 of the side trim, two horizontal clamps 44 of the side trim and two vertical clamps of 45 lateral strapping. Under the clamps 41 of the spinal beam on the upper surface of the frame 8 are fixed plates 46, and under the vertical clamps 45 - plate 47.

Clips 41 are designed to fix the spinal beam on the plates 46 and mounted on supporting elements, made in the form of cantilever platforms 48, mounted on a vertical wall on one side of the frame 10 of each jig 4.

The clamps 41 consist of two counter-levers, the middle parts of which are pivotally mounted on brackets located inside the cantilever platforms 48, and the lower parts are pivotally connected to pneumatic cylinders (not shown), mounted in a horizontal position also inside the cantilever platforms 48.

Clips 42 are designed to fix the intermediate beams in vertical and horizontal positions and are mounted on supporting elements made on the upper horizontal surface of the frame 10 in the form of longitudinal pads 49 located on both sides of its longitudinal axis. Each clip 42 consists of fixed on the basis of two counter-directional folding stops, the lower parts of which are pivotally connected to the pneumatic cylinder located inside the frame 10 (not shown). The clamps 42 contain the base 50 for mounting on the sites 49 through bolted connections (not indicated).

The purpose and design of the stops 43 and horizontal clamps 44 of the lateral strapping on the conductors of the intermediate beams 4 are similar to the stops 18 and horizontal clamps 19 mounted on the conductors of the frontal beams 2. Supporting elements for fastening the stops 43 are made in the form of cantilevered horizontal pads 51 mounted on a vertical wall of the frame 10 in its opposite parts on one side of the conductors 4. The stops 43 are fixed to the sites 51 by means of bolted connections (not indicated). Supporting elements for attaching horizontal clamps 44 are located on opposite vertical walls of the frame 10 and are made in the form of vertically oriented platforms (not indicated). Horizontal clamps 44 are secured to said sites by means of bolted connections (not indicated).

Vertical clamps 45 are designed to fix the side straps on the plates 47 and mounted on supporting elements made on the upper horizontal surface of the frame 10 in the form of longitudinal platforms 49. Vertical clamps 45 consist of levers (not marked), one shoulder of which is the working body of the clamp, middle parts through intermediate rods are pivotally connected to the bases in the form of horizontal plates, and the lower parts are pivotally connected to pneumatic cylinders (not shown) located inside the frame 10. Clips 45 are fixed to flats 49 by means of bolted connections.

To stabilize the pressure in the pneumatic system, all conductors 2-4 are equipped with pneumatic cabinets 52-54 located in the middle parts of the corresponding frames 8-10.

Stand management is carried out in semi-automatic mode through a control system.

The control system contains (figure 2, 8):

- control cabinet 55 with starting equipment, controls, touch display, control controller and alarm system;

- two control panels 56 and 57 located in the middle of the stand on two sides of its longitudinal axis, which contain distribution peripheral stations and button control panels;

- control posts 58 located on each jig 2-4, which contain button control panels.

The control cabinet 55 is connected to control panels 56 and 57 via a network bus (not indicated), and to control stations 58 through distribution peripheral stations (not indicated). The control panels 56 and 57 are interconnected via a control cabinet 55.

The objects of control are pneumatic actuators based and clamping devices mounted on conductors 2-4. The movement of pneumatic actuators in semi-automatic mode is controlled through a controller, a network bus and valve terminals containing distribution peripheral stations and pneumatic valves with electromagnets of pneumatic actuators. To control the position of pneumatic actuators, reed switches for positioning the rods of pneumatic cylinders, inductive position sensors and pressure switches (not shown) located on the corresponding basing and pressing devices are provided.

The control system is based on a controller with a distribution peripheral interface and is connected to a three-phase power supply network with a voltage of 380 V and a frequency of 50 Hz.

The control system provides:

- inclusion of electric power circuits of the stand;

- tuning of the control system to the assembly of the frame of a given type of car;

- semi-automatic control mode of the basing and pressing devices when performing frame assembly operations for a given type of car and returning the said devices to their original position;

- diagnosing the provisions of the basing and clamping devices for frames of the given types of cars according to the readings of inductive position sensors;

- light alarm about the position of the basing and clamping devices;

- protective blocking of the electric circuit from short circuit. The light alarm system is part of the electrical equipment of the stand and contains green and red light-signaling lights (not shown) located on the roof of the control cabinet 55. The light alarm is triggered in the following modes of operation of the stand:

- green light - at the initial (allotted) position of the basing and pressing devices on conductors 2-4;

- green light in flashing mode - when the air pressure in the pneumatic line decreases below normal;

- red light - if one of the basing and pressing devices does not return to the starting position.

Setting up a stand for assembling frames of other types of cars is carried out by moving conductors 2-4 onto other fixing boxes 6, the distance between which corresponds to the distance between the axes of the respective transverse beams, and fixing them in this position on the basis of 1 clamps 11 and bolted joints 12. Setting up and clamping devices consists in reinstalling them on the supporting elements of the frames 8-10 of conductors 2-4 in accordance with the frame sizes of a given type of carriage.

For example, when assembling on the stand of the frame of the platform for transporting cars (Fig. 9), conductors 2-4 by means of clamps 11 are installed on fixing boxes 6 located at a distance corresponding to the distances between the axes of the transverse beams of this platform and bolted joints 12 are mounted on rails 7 Accordingly, taking into account the dimensions of the longitudinal and transverse beams of the platform, the position of the basing and pressing devices on the supporting elements of conductors 2-4 changes. Assembly and welding of the frame of the platform for transporting cars is carried out in an inverted position.

After readjustment, the conductors 2 of the frontal beams contain the following basing and clamping devices mounted on the corresponding supporting elements of the frame 8: one recharger 13 of the spinal beam, two rechargers 14 of the lower sheet of the frontal beam, two rechargers 15 of the upper sheet of the frontal beam, two pairs of clamps 16 and 17 of the lower a sheet of the frontal beam, two stops 18 of the lateral strapping, two horizontal clamps 19 of the lateral strapping and one centralizer 20 of the spinal beam. On the conductor of the frontal beam 2, mounted on the opposite side of the stand, instead of the rammer 13, a fixed stop (not shown) of the spinal beam is mounted. The rammers 13-15, the clamps 16, 17, 19, as well as the stops 18 are equipped with pneumatic drives (not indicated). On the upper surface of the frame 8 there are fixed plates with adjusting gaskets not shown).

The following basing and pressing devices are fixed on the supporting elements of the frame 9 of conductors of 3 pivot beams: four vertical clamps 28 of the pivot beam, two clamps 29 of the bottom sheet of the pivot beam, two stops 30 of the side strapping, two horizontal clamps 31 of the side strapping and two centralizers 59 of the longitudinal beams. A frame template 32 of a pivot beam is fixed on the upper surface of the frame 9 in the entire central part between the clamps 28, a plate 33 is fixed under it in the center of the frame 9, the plates 34 are located on both sides of it, the plates 35 are located under the clips 29, and on the outer surface of the back vertical wall - two stops 37. Clips 28, 29 and 31, stops 30 and centralizers 59 are equipped with pneumatic drives (not marked). The supporting elements for placing the centralizers 59 are made in the form of cantilever platforms resting on vertical brackets (not shown), mounted on a vertical wall on one side of the frame 9. Centralizers 59 consist of two counter-levers, the middle parts of which are pivotally mounted on the brackets, and the lower parts are pivotally connected to pneumatic cylinders fixed in a horizontal position under cantilever platforms (not shown).

The following basing and pressing devices are fixed on the supporting elements of the frame 10 of conductors 4 of the intermediate beams: two clamps 41 of the spinal beam, two stops 43 of the side trim, two horizontal clamps 44 of the side trim, two vertical clamps of 45 side trim, two centralizers 60 of the intermediate beam and four clamps 61 longitudinal beams. The clamps 41, 44, 45 and 61, the stops 43 and the centralizer 60 are equipped with pneumatic drives (not indicated). Under the clamps 41 of the spinal beam, plates 46 are fixed on the upper surface of the frame 10, and plates 47 are fixed under the vertical clamps 45. The centralizers 60 and the clamps 61 of the intermediate beam are mounted on the supporting elements 49 of the frame 10 by means of bolted connections (not marked). The centralizers 60 are oriented along the longitudinal the axis of the conductors 4 and are made in the form of two counter-levers, the middle parts of which are pivotally mounted on brackets with a frame base (not indicated), and the lower parts are pivotally connected to pneumatic cylinders (not shown), behind replennymi in a horizontal position under the support members 49. Clamps 61 are mounted on the supporting members 49 on both sides of the centralizers 60 and are formed as abutments and clamping brackets pivotally mounted on a common base (not shown).

To assemble the gondola car frame (Fig. 10), a similar rearrangement of conductors 2-4 is carried out on the basis of 1 and a readjustment of the basing and pressing devices on the supporting elements of the corresponding conductors 2-4. At the same time, taking into account the structural design of the gondola car frame, part of the conductors 4 of the intermediate beams are dismantled and removed from the stand. Assembly and welding of the gondola car frame is carried out in the normal position.

After readjustment, the conductors 2 of the frontal beams contain the following basing and clamping devices mounted on the corresponding supporting elements of the frame 8: one rammer 13 of the spinal beam, two rammers 15 of the upper sheet of the frontal beam, two clamps 16 of the lower sheet of the frontal beam, two clips 17 of the frontal beam, two an emphasis 18 of the lateral strapping, two horizontal clamps 19 of the lateral strapping, one centralizer 20 of the spinal beam and two rammers 62 of the frontal beam. On the conductor of the frontal beam 2, mounted on the opposite side of the stand, instead of the rammer 13, a fixed stop (not shown) of the spinal beam is mounted. The rammers 13, 15 and 62, the clamps 16, 17 and 19, as well as the stops 18 are equipped with pneumatic drives (not indicated). On the upper surface of the frame 8, on both sides of the rammer 13 of the spinal beam, plates 21 with adjusting spacers are fixed. To accommodate the frontal beam rammers 62, support elements (not indicated) are used that are made on the upper horizontal surface of the frame 8. The rammers 62 are made in the form of articulated lever mechanisms mounted on frame bases (not labeled).

The following basing and pressing devices are fixed on the supporting elements of the frame 9 of conductors of 3 pivot beams: two clamps 29 of the bottom sheet of the pivot beam, two stops 30 of the side trim, two horizontal clamps 31 of the side trim, two clamps 63 of the spine beam, two stops 64 of the pivot beam, two vertical clamp 65 of the pivot beam and two horizontal clamp 66 of the pivot beam. The clamps 29, 31, 63, 65 and 66, as well as the stops 30 and 64 are equipped with pneumatic drives (not marked). A plate 33 with a pivot (not marked) is fixed on the upper surface of the frame 9 in its center, there are plates 34 on both sides of it, and plates 35 are located under the clips 29. The clips 63 are mounted on supporting elements made inside the frame 9 in its middle part (not shown), and consist of two counter-levers, the middle parts of which are pivotally mounted on the brackets, and the lower parts are pivotally connected to pneumatic cylinders fixed in a horizontal position (not shown). The stops 64 are mounted on supporting elements made on one vertical wall of the frame 9 on two sides of the clamps 63, and consist of two counter-levers, the middle parts of which are pivotally mounted on brackets, and the lower parts are pivotally connected to pneumatic cylinders fixed in a horizontal position ( not shown). Vertical clamps 65 are mounted on supporting elements made in the form of vertically oriented plates (not marked) located on the vertical side wall of the frame 9 on the opposite side of the stops 64. Vertical clamps 65 are made in the form of horizontal levers, one shoulder of which is connected to the pneumatic cylinders, and the middle parts are pivotally connected to the uprights attached to the upper covers of the same pneumatic cylinders (not marked). The clamps 66 are made in the form of U-shaped brackets mounted on supporting elements on the upper horizontal surface of the frame 9 between the clamps 63 and the stops 64. In the upper parts of the U-shaped brackets are clamping devices connected to pneumatic actuators (not shown).

The following basing and pressing devices are fixed on the supporting elements of the frame 10 of conductors 4 of the intermediate beams: two clamps 41 of the spinal beam, two clamps 42 of the intermediate beam, two stops 43 of the side trim, two horizontal clamps 44 of the side trim and two vertical clamps 67 of the side trim. The clamps 41, 42, 44 and 67, as well as the stops 43 are equipped with pneumatic drives (not indicated). Under the clamps 41 of the spinal beam on the upper surface of the frame 10 are fixed platches 46, and under the vertical clamps 67 - platiks (not indicated). The design of the clamps 67 and their mounting on the platforms 49 of the supporting elements are similar to the vertical clamps 45. But, compared with the clamps 45, the clamps 67 have less levers and intermediate rods.

The design of the stand described in this example and presented in the drawings is not the only one possible to achieve the above technical result and does not exclude other options for its implementation, which contain a combination of design features included in an independent claim. For example, the base may be made with other mounting elements, conductors may contain other supporting elements for mounting the base and pressure devices, and the control system may have other functionalities.

The work of the inventive stand for the assembly and welding of frames of wagons is as follows.

Conductors 2-4 are exposed (Figs. 1-3) by means of clamps 11 on the fixing boxes 6 of the base 1 at distances corresponding to the distances between the axes of the transverse beams of the universal platform frame, and are fixed on rails 7 by bolted joints 12. On the supporting elements of conductors 2-4 Mount the base and clamping devices in the initial positions corresponding to the frame of the universal platform during its assembly and welding in an inverted position. The stand is debugged, all the basing and pressing devices are in the initial (allotted) position.

In the air preparation unit (not shown), the air supply valve is turned on, and in the control cabinet 55, power circuits are turned on via the machine, after which pneumatic and electric power is supplied to the stand. Further control of the stand (Fig. 8) is carried out from the control cabinet 55, and the mechanisms are controlled from the consoles 56 and 57 and from the control posts 58.

In the start menu on the touch panel of the control cabinet 55, the operator selects the type of car, in this example, a universal platform, and includes the corresponding program. The readiness of the basing and pressing devices on conductors 2-4 is indicated by a green light of a lantern with a light alarm (not shown) located on the roof of the control cabinet 55. Using hoisting vehicles, a spinal beam is laid on conductors 2-4. The coaxial position of the spinal beam relative to the longitudinal axis of the stand is provided by centralizers 20 mounted on the conductors 2 of the frontal beams. At control station 58, located on the same conductor 2, press the button "Ridge rammer", after which the pneumatic cylinder of the rammer 13 is turned on and the latter moves the spinal beam along the longitudinal axis of the bench to a fixed stop (not marked) located on the same conductor 2 with the opposite side of the stand. On the control panel 56, by pressing the "Spinal beam clamp" button, the pneumatic cylinders of the spinal beam clamps 41 are located on the conductors 4 of the intermediate beams, and the spinal beam is fixed on all the conductors mentioned.

Next, the assembly of the spinal beam with transverse beams and side frame strapping is performed step by step.

On the conductors 3 on the stops 36 and 37 on the plates 34 lay pivot beams, pre-assembled without bottom sheets. Bottom sheets assembled with Fridays and side bearings are laid on top of the vertical sheets of pivot beams. Frame patterns 32 fix the central position of the Fridays. At control stations 58 located on the same conductors 3, the pneumatic cylinders of vertical clamps 28 are turned on by pressing the button “Press the pivot beam vertical clamp”, fixing the position of the pivot beams assembly on the conductors 3.

On the stops 25 on the plates 21 conductors 2 stack sheets of frontal beams. At control stations 58 located on the said conductors 2, press the button "Press the front windrow presser" to press, then the pneumatic cylinders of the charge arms 15 are turned on, based on the stacked sheets relative to each other.

Jacking beams are laid on the shingles of 46 conductors of 4 intermediate beams. At control stations 58 located on the said conductors 4, press the button “Press the intermediate beam clamp”, then the clamp pneumatic cylinders 42 are turned on, fixing the jack beams in the vertical and horizontal positions. Similar assembly operations are performed with intermediate and central beams on the remaining conductors of 4 intermediate beams.

On the plates 22, 35 and plate 47 of the respective conductors 2-4 lay side strapping. On the control panels 56 and 57, press the button "Press the side strapping stop", then the pneumatic cylinders are turned on, turning the lateral strapping stops 18, 30 and 43 to the working position. Then, by pressing the "Horizontal side clamp clamp" button, the pneumatic drives of the horizontal clamps 19, 31 and 44 are switched on, fixing the position of the side brackets on the stops 18, 30 and 43 on the corresponding conductors 2-4. After that, on the mentioned consoles 56 and 57, by pressing the button “Press the vertical clamp of the side strapping, press”, the pneumatic drives of the vertical clamps 45 on the conductors 4 of the intermediate beams are switched on, fixing the position of the side strapping on the plates 47.

On the conductors 2 stack the lower sheets of the frontal beams. The l-shaped levers of the rechargers 14 are brought onto the said sheets, at the control posts 58 located on the conductors 2, press the button “Press the front windrow press down”, then the pneumatic cylinders of the rechargers 14 are turned on, sending the stacked bottom sheets to the stop with the front sheets. At the same control stations, pressing the button “Press the lower frontal sheets to press” activates the pneumatic cylinders of the clamps 16 and 17, fixing the frontal beams in a vertical position.

At the control posts of 58 conductors of 3 pivot beams, press the button “Press the lower pivot leaf clamp”, then the clamp pneumatic cylinders 29 are turned on, fixing the lower sheets on the pivot beams.

Further, according to the technological process, saturation elements (sheets, kerchiefs, plates, struts, etc.) are installed on the frame beams and the frame is welded in conductors 2-4. After completing the welding work on the control panels 56 or 57, press the button "All Unclench" and the pneumatic actuators return to the initial position all the working bodies of the basing and pressing devices. On the control cabinet 55, a light alarm is triggered, notifying the green light of the flashlight that the basing and pressing devices are in the initial position. The L-shaped levers of the ram followers 14 are retracted to their original position. On conductors 3, frame templates 32 are removed from the pivot beams, after which the frame is transported from the stand to the next technological position. In the control cabinet 55, the electrical network of the stand is turned off and the pneumatic network is shut off by the air supply valve.

The assembly of the frames of the platform for transporting cars or gondola cars is carried out on the stand after the corresponding rearrangement of conductors 2-4 on the basis of 1 changeover of the base and pressure devices on them. In the start menu on the touch panel of the control cabinet 55, the operator selects the desired type of car and includes the appropriate program. The sequence and content of the technological operations of assembling the frames of these two types of cars at the stand are generally similar to the example of assembling the frame of a universal platform discussed above.

The proposed design of the stand for assembly and welding of frames of wagons can significantly expand the technological capabilities of the stand by ensuring the assembly and welding of frames of various types of wagons while significantly reducing the complexity of these operations.

The design of the claimed stand was developed and tested by the Techvagonmash Scientific and Production Company Limited Liability Company when creating a universal stand for assembly and welding of carriage frames.

Claims (6)

1. A stand for assembly and welding of carriages frames, containing a base and conductors with basing and pressure devices mounted on them, while the conductors are made in the form of rigid frames located perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the stand, and the basing and pressure devices are equipped with pneumatic drives, characterized in that the base contains mounting elements rigidly fixed along the longitudinal axis of the stand at distances from each other, corresponding to the distances between the axes of the transverse beams of the frames of the given types of car s, conductors are made with the possibility of attaching to said installation elements and readjustment of basing and clamping devices for assembling frames of specified types of cars, and basing and clamping devices are made with assembling frames of specified types of cars, while the stand contains a control system interconnected with pneumatic drives, made with the ability to configure, diagnose and control the basing and clamping devices when assembling frames of specified types of cars. 2. The stand according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains two conductors of frontal beams, two conductors of pivot beams and conductors of intermediate beams, the number of which corresponds to the number of intermediate beams on the frames of the given types of wagons. 3. The stand according to claim 2, characterized in that the basing and pressing devices of the frontal beam conductors consist of one rammer of the spinal beam, one centralizer of the spinal beam, two rammers of the bottom sheet, two rammers of the top sheet, four clamps of the bottom sheet, two stops of the side trim, two horizontal clamps of the side trim, two rammers of the frontal beam and two clamps of the frontal beam. 4. The stand according to claim 2, characterized in that the base and clamping devices of the pivot beam conductors consist of four vertical pivots of the pivot beam, two clamps of the bottom sheet of the pivot beam, two stops of the side strapping, two horizontal clamps of the side strapping, two centralizers of the longitudinal beams, two horizontal clamps of the pivot beam, two stops of the pivot beam and two clamps of the spine beam. 5. The stand according to claim 2, characterized in that the base and clamping devices of the intermediate beam conductors consist of two spine beam clamps, four intermediate beam clamps, two lateral strapping stops, two horizontal side strapping clamps, two vertical side strapping clamps and two centralizers longitudinal beams. 6. The stand according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the control system comprises a control cabinet, two control panels located in the middle of the stand on two sides of its longitudinal axis, and control posts located on each conductor, the control cabinet is connected to control panels, control stations and pneumatic drives of basing and pressure devices and contains starting equipment, controls, a touch screen, a control controller and an alarm system, control panels are interconnected through control cabinet and distribution stations contain the periphery and push-button control panel, and control stations include push-button control panel.