RU70273U1 - WALL STONE - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of construction, namely to building materials, in particular to wall stones used for external wall cladding. A wall stone is declared, consisting of a block of light concrete, the front face of which is protected by a decorative-protective coating. What is new is that in the block of lightweight concrete from the front side there are vertical through grooves, and the front side is made in the form of a plate, which is hermetically fixed to the block with the formation of vertical through channels parallel to the front side in the stone. The utility model includes 6 dependent claims, 8 figures.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of construction, namely to building materials, in particular to wall stones used for external wall cladding.

For high-quality wall cladding, the used wall stone must meet a number of requirements.

First, the wall stone must provide the required thermal protection of the building.

Secondly, the outer face of the stone should have decorative properties that can give an attractive appearance to the wall of the building throughout its life.

Thirdly, the outer side of the wall should provide sufficient gas permeability, preventing the accumulation of moisture in the wall, which leads to its freezing and destruction.

Known wall stone, which is a monolithic homogeneous block, molded from a mixture of mineral materials (lime, sand, clay), made by firing, semi-pressing, autoclaving or clipping from a monolith (see A.I. Avgustenik. Ceramics. Lenizdat, 1975 ., p.123).

The main disadvantages of the known wall stone is, firstly, low protective properties due to the high hygroscopicity of the material, which makes it unsuitable for the construction of external walls.

Secondly, it does not have the decorative properties required for the outer wall and special additional measures are required to improve the facades, which not only increases the cost of the structure, but also requires subsequent periodic, costly repairs.

Known wall stone (see AS No. 414105, Cl. B28B 1/50, 1974), consisting of a block of artificial stone (foamed concrete), one of the faces of which is made with a protective coating, which is a layer of dry cement with pigment, which is applied to the block and compacted. Taking away excess moisture from the block, the protective layer is cemented, which allows to increase the protective properties of the material and at the same time decoratively ennoble the surface.

The main disadvantage of the known wall stone is its low protection against adverse external influences. This is due to the fact that a thin cement layer, under the influence of the sun, wind and rain, collapses quickly enough (cracking and crumbling). Therefore, the functionality of using said wall stone is substantially limited.

Closest to the claimed (prototype) is a wall stone, consisting of aerated concrete block, on one of the faces of which a metal protective shell is installed in one piece, made in the form of a flat cover with a flange, covered with a protective coating on both sides, and with a decorative coating on the outside coating (see RF patent No. 2145996, CL. E04C 1/40, 2000). Known wall stone has high decorative and protective properties and low thermal conductivity.

The main disadvantage of the known wall stone is its low gas permeability. In winter, at negative outside air temperatures, part of the wall freezes, forming a surface with a "dew point" inside the wall, i.e. a layer of wall that accumulates moisture. In the warmer months, the specified moisture through the gas-permeable outer wall should evaporate. Otherwise, the wall loses its heat capacity, and, therefore, with the onset of cold weather, the freezing of the wall will increase, and its heat-shielding properties will decrease.

The basis of this utility model is the task of eliminating these drawbacks, namely, expanding the functionality of using wall stone by increasing its gas permeability.

According to the claimed technical solution, in a wall stone consisting of a block of light concrete, the front face of which is protected by a decorative protective coating, this is achieved by the fact that in the array of the block of light concrete on the side of the front side there are vertical through grooves, and the front side is made in the form of a plate , which is hermetically fixed to the block with the formation in the stone of vertical through channels parallel to the front face.

The specified implementation of the wall stone allows due to the presence of through channels to provide the required gas permeability of the wall.

It is prospective to create a sufficient degree of ventilation of the wall stone to fulfill the condition under which the area of the vertical through channels is 25-65% of the area of its face. With this ratio of areas, the wall block has sufficient mechanical strength to connect with the front face, which allows you to reliably protect the walls of the building from destruction throughout the entire period of its operation.

It is advisable to simplify the manufacturing technology of wall stone, vertical through grooves are made either in the form of cylinders, half-cylinders or half-ellipses, or in the form of a parallelepiped, at the base of which is a rectangle or trapezoid.

It is advantageous to increase the manufacturability of wall stone to make the front face of porcelain stoneware, asbestos cement slab or concrete-mortar.

The claimed technical solution allows you to create a technologically simple, but reliable in operation wall stone that can solve the problem of protecting the walls from adverse external influences, while having high gas permeability.

Figure 1-4 presents embodiments of the inventive wall stone.

Figure 5 presents the option of laying the inventive wall stones in the wall.

Figure 6 presents a drawing explaining the manufacturing technology of the inventive wall stone.

Figure 7 presents a drawing of the inventive wall stone with technological inserts.

On Fig presents a drawing of the final form of the inventive wall stone after removal of technological liners.

The wall stone shown in Fig. 1 consists of an aerated concrete block 1 with through channels 2 and a front face 3.

Presented in Fig.6, a figure explaining the manufacturing technology of the inventive wall stone includes: a smooth horizontal base 4 on which two vertical walls 5 are mounted with the formation of an extended rectangular chamber open on top; level of light concrete 6, laid on the bottom of the chamber;

a cylindrical drum 7 with inserts 8 forming grooves 9 in lightweight concrete.

Presented in Fig.7 wall stone contains technological liners 10.

Consider one of the manufacturing options of the inventive wall stone (see Fig.6). For the manufacture of stone, two vertical walls 5 are installed on a smooth horizontal base 4, which form an extended rectangular chamber open at the top, into which a layer of light concrete 6 is laid with vibro-thrombosis. A cylindrical drum 7 with inserts 8 forming in light concrete moves along the upper edge of the vertical walls 5 grooves 9. The technological inserts 10 are then placed in the grooves 9, for example, of solid polyurethane foam or plastic, which, to facilitate their subsequent excavation, may have longitudinal bevels along ranyam in the amount of 2-5 degrees. After hardening of layer 1 of lightweight concrete, they begin to form the face of block 3, which can be made in the form of a pigmented layer of concrete mixture of high strength or in the form of ceramic granite or asbestos cement slab laid on an adhesive basis. After the technological drying of the obtained wall stone tape is completed, the vertical walls 5 are removed and the tape is cut transversely by diamond cutting saws into individual wall blocks (see Figs. 2-4).

The wall assembly of the claimed wall blocks (see figure 5) is carried out in such a way that the through channels 2 of the blocks standing on top of each other coincide, forming single through vertical channels through which the building wall is ventilated.

Thus, the inventive wall stone allows you to provide reliable protection of the walls from adverse external influences, has good decorative and thermophysical properties that can give an attractive appearance to the wall and keep it throughout the life of the building.

Claims (5)

1. Wall stone, consisting of a block of light concrete, the front side of which is protected by a decorative protective coating, characterized in that in the array of the block of light concrete on the side of the front side there are vertical through grooves, and the front side is made in the form of a plate, which is hermetically fixed to block with the formation in the stone of vertical through channels parallel to the front face. 2. Wall stone according to claim 1, characterized in that the area of the vertical through channels is 25-65% of the area of the front face. 3. Wall stone according to claim 1, characterized in that the front face is made of porcelain stoneware. 4. Wall stone according to claim 1, characterized in that the front face is made of asbestos cement slab. 5. Wall stone according to claim 1, characterized in that the front face is made of concrete-mortar.