RU61597U1 - DEVICE FOR CLEANING GASES FROM DUST - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to mechanical engineering, in particular, to devices for cleaning gases from dust (cyclones), and can find application in the construction, mining, chemical, metallurgical, energy and other industries for dry cleaning of dust from gases emitted into the atmosphere. The objective of the utility model is to increase the degree of gas purification from dust by providing a high velocity of the dust and gas flow throughout the volume of the separation chamber. The essence of the utility model: the device contains a separation chamber made in the form of a truncated cone, a tangential nozzle for introducing a dust and gas stream located in the upper part of the separation chamber, a helical surface with inclined turns for forming a swirling dust and gas stream, located in the separation chamber with the formation of a gap between the turns and the wall of the separation chamber and interacting with the upper turn with a pipe for introducing dust and gas flow, a pipe for outputting separated dust, is located located in the lower part of the separation chamber, and a purified gas outlet pipe located in the separation chamber of the coaxial screw surface and containing an inlet on the side wall at the level of the end of the last turn of the screw surface and a reflective plate located longitudinally between the hole and the end of the last turn. The helical surface is made in such a way that the edges of the turns relative to each other have a taper, the angle of which is equal to the angle of taper of the separation chamber. 2 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to mechanical engineering, in particular, to devices for cleaning gases from dust (cyclones), and can find application in the construction, mining, chemical, metallurgical, energy and other industries for dry cleaning of dust from gases emitted into the atmosphere.

A device for cleaning gases from dust, containing a separation chamber in the form of a truncated cone, a spiral pipe for supplying a dust and gas stream located in the upper part of the separation chamber, a pipe for removing separated dust located in the lower part of the separation chamber, and a pipe for removing purified gas, located in the upper part of the separation chamber (VA Filippov. Industrial gas purification at coal preparation and briquette factories. - M: Nedra, 1982. - P. - 60-61, Fig. III.9).

However, the known device does not provide a high degree of gas purification from dust. This disadvantage is due to the fact that the dust and gas flow swirls from the periphery to the center of the separation chamber. As the dust particles move from the periphery to the center, the radius of curvature of their trajectory and, correspondingly, the inertia force decrease. Fine dust particles have a low inertia force, because of which they are not separated from the gas stream, and with it are removed from the device to the atmosphere.

A device for cleaning dust from gases is also known, comprising a cylindrical separation chamber, a tangential nozzle for introducing a dust and gas stream located in the upper part of the separation chamber, a cylindrical helical surface with inclined turns for forming a swirling dust and gas stream, located in the separation chamber with the formation of a gap between the turns and the wall of the separation chamber and interacting with the upper turn with a pipe for introducing dust and gas flow, a pipe for removing separated dust, located in the lower part of the separation chamber, and a pipe for removing purified gas, located in the separation chamber of a coaxial screw surface and containing an inlet on the side wall at the level of the end of the last turn of the screw surface and reflective

a plate located between the hole and the end of the last turn (Application of the Republic of Belarus for invention No. 20020828, 04 C 1/00, publication 06/30/2004).

However, this device does not allow to achieve a high degree of gas purification from dust. This disadvantage is associated with the fact that the separation chamber is cylindrical and, as it moves downward from the nozzle for introducing the dust and gas stream along the helical surface, the speed of the dust and gas stream decreases. Accordingly, the centrifugal force acting on the dust particles is reduced, and the efficiency of separating dust particles from the gas stream is reduced.

The objective of the utility model is to increase the degree of gas purification from dust by providing a high velocity of the dust and gas flow throughout the volume of the separation chamber.

The essence of the utility model is that to solve the problem by the specified technical result, a device for cleaning gases from dust containing a separation chamber, a tangential nozzle for introducing a dust and gas stream located in the upper part of the separation chamber, a helical surface with inclined turns for forming a swirling dust and gas flow located in the separation chamber with the formation of a gap between the turns and the wall of the separation chamber and interacting with the upper turn with pa a pipe for introducing a dust and gas stream, a pipe for removing separated dust located in the lower part of the separation chamber, and a pipe for removing purified gas located in the separation chamber of a coaxial screw surface and containing an inlet on the side wall at the level of the end of the last turn of the screw surface and a reflection plate located longitudinally between the hole and the end of the last turn, characterized in that the separation chamber is made in the form of a truncated cone, and a helical surface made in such a way that the edges of the turns relative to each other have a taper, the angle of which is equal to the angle of taper of the separation chamber.

The utility model is illustrated by drawings: figure 1 - General view of the device, a longitudinal section; figure 2 - section aa in figure 1.

A device for cleaning gases from dust contains a separation chamber 1 in the form of a truncated cone, a tangential pipe 2 for introducing dust and gas flow, located in the upper part of the separation chamber 1, screw

surface 3 with inclined turns for the formation of a swirling dust and gas stream, located in the separation chamber 1 with the formation of a gap 4 between the turns and the wall of the separation chamber 1 and interacting with the upper turn with a tangential pipe 2, a pipe 5 for outputting the separated dust, located in the lower part of the separation chamber 1 and a pipe 6 for outputting purified gas located in the separation chamber 1 of the coaxial screw surface 3.

The screw surface 3 is made in such a way that the edges of the turns relative to each other have a taper, the angle of which is equal to the angle of taper of the separation chamber 1.

The pipe 6 contains an inlet 7 made on the side wall at the level of the last turn of the screw surface 3, and a reflective plate 8 located longitudinally between the hole 7 and the end of the last turn of the screw surface 3.

A utility model is used as follows.

At the outlet of the pipe 6, a vacuum is created, for example, using a fan (not shown in the drawings), due to which the gas flow moves: in the separation chamber 1 from top to bottom, in pipe 6 from bottom to top. Then, through the tangential pipe 2, a dust-gas stream is introduced into the separation chamber 1, which enters the helical surface 3 with inclined turns, twists and acquires a spiral motion. When spinning the dust and gas flow, a centrifugal force arises, under which the dust particles move along the helical surface in the radial direction and settle on the wall of the separation chamber 1. Due to the fact that the separation chamber 1 is made in the form of a truncated cone, the speed of the dust and gas flow twisted by the screw surface remains high throughout the volume of the separation chamber 1. Under the influence of the gas flow and gravitational forces, the dust particles move through the gap 4 down and through the pipe 5 displayed in the dust collector (not shown in the drawings). Dust particles remaining in the dust and gas stream fall onto the reflection plate 8, are discarded to the wall of the separation chamber 1, and are discharged through the pipe 5 to the dust collector. The gas cleaned from dust through the opening 7 enters the pipe 6, through which it is discharged from the separation chamber.

Claims (1)

A device for cleaning gases from dust, containing a separation chamber, a tangential pipe for introducing a dust and gas stream located in the upper part of the separation chamber, a helical surface with inclined turns for forming a swirling dust and gas stream, located in the separation chamber with the formation of a gap between the turns and the wall of the separation chamber and interacting with the upper turn with a pipe for introducing a dust and gas stream, a pipe for outputting separated dust located at the bottom of the separation chamber and a pipe for removing purified gas located in the separation chamber of the coaxial screw surface and containing an inlet on the side wall at the level of the end of the last turn of the screw surface and a reflective plate located longitudinally between the hole and the end of the last turn, characterized in that the separation chamber is made in the form of a truncated cone, and the helical surface is made in such a way that the edges of the turns relative to each other have a taper, the angle of which is equal to the angle of taper with paratsionnoy camera.