RU2480294C1 - Dust separator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to inertial cleaning of gases from dust and may be used in whatever industry, particularly, in food and chemical industries. Proposed separator comprises cylinder-taper casing with tangential inlet pipe arranged at angle to horizontal and cylindrical outlet pipe arranged at casing center and aligned therewith. Separator casing accommodates conical insert furnished with slotted catching holes made at angle to cone generatrix. Gap between dust catcher wall and said conical insert exceeds the particle smallest size.

EFFECT: higher efficiency of separation.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the food and chemical industries and can be used in any industry where inertial gas cleaning from dust is used, in particular after drying units.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved effect is cyclone TsN-11 [Shtokman EA Ventilation, air conditioning and air purification at food industry enterprises. - M.: DIA, 2001 - 563 p. Section 6.2.], Which consists of a cylindrical-conical body with an inlet nozzle tangentially angled to the horizontal and located in the center of the body coaxially with a cylindrical outlet nozzle.

The disadvantage is the low degree of purification of gas emissions from dust due to the possibility of vortexing and removal of its fine fractions with a purified gas stream leaving the cyclone.

An object of the invention is to increase the efficiency of cleaning dust gases from dust.

The object of the invention is achieved in that in a dust collecting device comprising a cylindrical conical housing with an inlet pipe tangentially angled horizontally to the horizontal and a coaxially cylindrical outlet pipe located in the center of the housing, a new conical insert is provided in the dust collecting device body, provided slotted catch holes made at an angle to the generatrix of the cone, while the gap between the wall of the dust collector and the conical insert th larger than the largest size of captured particles.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the efficiency of cleaning dusty gas emissions from dust.

Figure 1 presents the proposed device for dust collection; figure 2 is a section aa in figure 1.

The dust collection device (FIGS. 1-2) includes: a cylindrical conical housing 1, an inlet pipe 2 tangentially angled to the horizontal, an outlet pipe 3, a conical insert with slotted catch holes made at an angle to the generatrix of the cone 4, the fastening plates of the conical insert to dust collector body 5, discharge nozzle 6.

The proposed device for dust collection works as follows.

Due to the relative position of the housing 1 and the inlet pipe 2, the dusty gas entering the dust collecting device moves in a spiral towards the lower end of the outlet pipe 3. Under the action of the centrifugal force generated in this process, the dust particles in the gas stream move towards the wall dust collector housings. In this case, larger dust particles touch the dust collector wall and move down it into the conical part to the discharge pipe 6. Smaller particles having a smaller radial velocity component move longer in the downward gas stream than large particles and reach the inner surface of the conical insert with slotted catch holes 4 attached to the dust collector wall with fasteners 5 (the placement of the conical insert along the height of the dust collector is determined depending on the intended location Achievements by small dust particles of the inner surface of the conical insert). Continuing to move along the inner surface of the conical insert 4, small dust particles fall into the slotted catch holes and fall down to the discharge pipe 6 in the space formed by the wall of the dust collector body and the outer wall of the conical insert 4, which prevents them from swirling and removal from the apparatus with an outgoing gas stream through the outlet pipe 3. The configuration, dimensions and angle of inclination of the slit catch holes in the conical insert are determined depending on the physicomechanical properties of the dust and p the daily parameters of the dust collector by solving a system of differential equations:

where: g is the acceleration of gravity;

- скорость частицы;

- particle velocity;

- нормальная реакция поверхности;

- normal surface reaction;

f is the coefficient of friction of sliding particles on the surface of the cyclone;

m is the mass of the particle;

ν _B is the air velocity;

α is the angle of entry of the air flow into the cyclone;

r, φ, θ - spherical coordinates;

- проекция ускорения частицы на соответствующие координатные оси;

- projection of particle acceleration on the corresponding coordinate axes;

- проекция скорости частицы на соответствующие координатные оси;

- the projection of the particle velocity on the corresponding coordinate axes;

;

;

λ is the correction for the actual particle shape;

d is the particle size;

µ _B - dynamic viscosity of air.

,

) и модуля (ν) вектора скорости частицы.The result of solving the system of differential equations (1) and (2) are the coordinates (r, φ) of successive positions of the dust particle on the wall of the dust collector body, as well as the dependence on the projection time (

,

) and the modulus (ν) of the particle velocity vector.

The configuration of the capture hole is chosen so that the tangent to its midline is normal to the trajectory of the dust particle at a given point r = r (φ). In the simplest case, the constant angle of inclination of the catching hole to the generatrix of the cone is defined as the average value of the angles of inclination of the tangents.

The length of the trap hole is limited by the height of the conical insert, and the width is determined by the speed ν = ν (r, φ) of the particle motion along its surface.

The proposed device for dust collection improves the efficiency of cleaning dusty gas emissions from dust.

Claims (1)

A dust collection device comprising a cylindrical conical housing with an inlet pipe tangentially angled to the horizontal and a coaxially cylindrical outlet pipe located in the center of the housing, characterized in that a conical insert is installed in the dust collecting device body, provided with slotted catch holes made at an angle to the cone generatrix while the gap between the wall of the dust collector and the conical insert is larger than the largest size of the captured particles.

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