RU211784U1 - AIR CENTRIFUGAL CLASSIFIER WITH SEPARATION GRATE - Google Patents

Abstract

SUBSTANCE: air centrifugal classifier with a separation grate comprises a housing, an axial tube with rectangular slots made in its lower part, a transverse baffle with equidistant radial holes, while the baffle is located strictly above the rectangular slots made opposite the platform located between adjacent holes of the transverse baffle, the bottom is conical , a receiving hopper, a branch pipe for removing the purified gas, while a separation grate is installed inside the receiving hopper, forming a plurality of non-intersecting square-shaped channels. The technical result is to increase the selectivity of the separation process by reducing the partial entrainment of solid particles by the reverse ascending turbulent gas flow from the inner area of the dust collection bin, when colliding with the flat walls of the separation grate, the particles of the heavy fraction bounce down, the gas flow breaks into many jets.

Description

The utility model relates to devices that are used to classify trapped particles into fractions. The device can be used in the chemical, pharmaceutical, food, construction and metallurgical industries.

Known air centrifugal classifier [see. patent RU 100434, V07V 7/083, 12/20/2010], containing an outer cylindrical-conical body with a funnel-shaped lid with an outlet located upwards, a branch pipe for withdrawing a fine fraction along with an air flow located on the lid, and a branch pipe for withdrawing a large fraction , located in the lower part of the housing, an inner cylindrical-conical housing with a slightly conical cover, installed with its apex upwards with the formation of an annular gap with it, and a branch pipe for removing a large fraction located in the lower part of the housing, blades located evenly between the cylindrical sections of the outer and inner housings and equipped with mechanisms of fixed rotation around horizontal axes, and a pipe for supplying the source material along with the air flow, located in the lower part of the outer casing.

The disadvantage is the low purity of the precipitated fraction, the use of vacuum to remove the purified gas stream and the low quality of separation.

Known dust collector-classifier with coaxial pipes [see. patent RU 201604, B01D 45/04, В04С 5/103, 12/23/2020], containing a body, an axial pipe for the inlet of the gas and dust flow with its supply from the top of the dust collector, a screen, a receiving hopper for collecting dust and a purified gas outlet pipe. At the opposite end of the axial pipe of the gas and dust flow inlet, a conical bottom is installed for unloading bulk material, while rectangular slots are made in the lower part of the cylindrical pipe, the screen is a transverse partition installed in the annular space of the dust collector-classifier between the housing and the axial pipe, in the transverse partition equidistant radial holes are made in an even number, moreover, rectangular slots are made opposite the platform located between adjacent holes of the transverse partition, while the partition is located strictly above the rectangular slots, in addition, the purified gas outlet pipe is located in the upper part of the housing. The cross section for the passage of gas throughout the path to overcome the resistance remains unchanged, thereby ensuring equal flow of the gas flow.

The disadvantage is the insufficient purity of the precipitated fraction due to the partial entrainment of solid particles of a large fraction by the upward flow.

Closest to the utility model in terms of technical essence and the achieved result is a dust collector-classifier with a conical body [see. patent RU 207306, B01D 45/12, B01D 45/04, B04C 5/103, 10/21/2021], containing a housing, an axial pipe for the inlet of the gas and dust flow with its supply from above the dust collector, a screen, a receiving hopper for dust collection and a pipe for the outlet of purified gas , at the opposite end of the axial pipe of the gas and dust flow inlet, a conical bottom is installed for unloading bulk material, while rectangular slots are made in the lower part of the cylindrical pipe, the screen is a transverse partition installed in the annular space of the dust collector-classifier between the housing and the axial pipe, in the transverse the baffle is made with equidistant radial holes in an even number, and the rectangular slots are made opposite the platform located between adjacent holes of the transverse baffle, while the baffle is located strictly above the rectangular slots, in addition, the purified gas outlet pipe is located in the upper part of the housing, which has a variable cross section , etc and in this case, the upper part of the body is made cylindrical up to the place where the screen is installed, starting from the screen, the body expands towards the bottom, connecting with the upper receiving part of the dust collecting bin.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the lack of selectivity of the separation process in view of the partial entrainment of solid particles of large granulometric fraction by the upward flow of gas from the dust collection bin.

The objective of the utility model is to develop an air centrifugal classifier with a separation grate, in which the disadvantages of analogues and prototype are eliminated.

The technical result is to increase the selectivity of the separation process by reducing the partial entrainment of solid particles of coarse and medium granulometric fractions by the reverse ascending turbulent gas flow from the inside of the dust collection bin, when colliding with the flat walls of the separation grate, the particles of the heavy fraction bounce down, the gas flow is divided into many trickle.

The technical result is achieved by an air centrifugal classifier with a separation grate, containing a body, an axial tube with rectangular slots made in its lower part, a transverse partition with equidistant radial holes, while the partition is located strictly above the rectangular slots made opposite the platform located between adjacent holes of the transverse partitions, a conical bottom, a receiving hopper, a branch pipe for removing purified gas, while a separation grate is installed inside the receiving hopper, forming a plurality of non-intersecting square-shaped channels.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by the following drawing: Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section of an air centrifugal classifier with a separation grate.

The numbers in the drawing indicate:

1 - body;

2 - gas and dust flow inlet pipe;

3 - rectangular slots;

4 - transverse partition;

5 - radial holes;

6 - conical bottom;

7 - receiving hopper;

8 - outlet pipe of purified gas;

9 - separation grid.

SUBSTANCE: air centrifugal classifier with a separation grate comprises a housing 1, an axial pipe 2 of the gas and dust flow inlet with rectangular slots 3 made in its lower part, through which the dusty gas flow enters the annular space between the housing 1 and the pipe 2, a transverse partition 4, which serves for additional separation and separation of solid particles in a swirling gas and dust flow, with equidistant radial holes 5 for removing purified gas, while the partition is located strictly above the rectangular slots 3, made opposite the platform located between adjacent holes 5 of the transverse partition 4, the bottom is conical 6, located on the opposite the inlet of the side of the pipe 2 and intended for unloading bulk material., the receiving hopper 7 for collecting dust, the branch pipe 8 for removing the purified gas through the upper part of the housing 1, while inside the receiving hopper 7 a separation grate 9 is installed, forming a set of non-intersecting circulating channels of a square shape. In this case, the body 1 has a variable section, the upper part of which is made cylindrical up to the installation site of the partition 4, then the body 1 expands to the bottom, connecting with the upper part of the receiving hopper 7.

The proposed air centrifugal classifier with a separation grate works as follows.

The dusty gas flow enters from the top of the air centrifugal classifier into the inner part of the axial pipe 2 and moves down, reaching the rectangular slots 3 made in the lower part of the pipe 2. After that, it abruptly changes its direction by 180 changing the direction of movement of the dusty gas flow to the opposite, dust particles of a large fraction are deposited and enter the hopper 7 for collecting dust through an opening made in the conical bottom 6. At the same time, the installed separation grate 9 inside the hopper 7 for collecting dust, which is a set of non-intersecting square channels shape, breaks the downward flow of gas, which inertially moves with dust particles of large and medium fractions through the conical bottom 6 into many chaotic gas jets that are unable to pick up coarse and medium-dispersed dust particles and carry them away with the upward gas flow into the annular space between the inner side of the core pusa and axial pipe 2. When the gas and dust flow exits from each rectangular slot 3, it is divided into two identical components of this flow, which begin to rotate in the annular space between the inner conical side of the housing and the axial pipe 2, in the direction opposite to each other. Moreover, in order to increase the efficiency of sedimentation and protect against partial entrainment of heavy fraction particles by the gas flow, the cylindrical part of the body 1 from the installation site of the transverse partition 4 passes into a cone expanding towards the bottom. Thus, each rectangular slot 3, made in the pipe 2, forms two uniform vortex flows rotating in a small annular space between the inner side of the housing and the axial tube 2 with small vortex radii. This makes it possible to create high values of centrifugal forces in the apparatus at relatively low gas and dust flow rates.

Further, the medium and remaining large dust particles, due to the forces arising in the rotating gas and dust flow between the lower part of the expanding cone of the housing 1 and the axial tube 2, are displaced from the center to the periphery of the vortex structures and fall down to the receiving hopper 7 for dust collection. In this case, the purified gas flow moves mainly in the central zone of the vortex structures from the bottom up and, reaching the transverse partition 4, the gas flow is additionally separated and purified due to the fact that the diameter of the radial holes 5 is less than the width of the annular gap between the housing 1 and the pipe 2, and the purified gas passes into the central part of the hole 5, and the dusty gas flow, hitting the transverse partition 4, knocks out the remaining solid particles. Purified mainly from coarse and medium-dispersed particles with a size of more than 30 μm, the gas flow exits the air centrifugal classifier with a separation grate through the purified gas outlet pipe 8 located in the upper cylindrical part of the housing 1, while the cross section for the passage of gas along the entire path to overcome resistance remains unchanged , thereby ensuring equal flow of gas.

Thus, in the proposed air centrifugal classifier with a separation grate, in comparison with the prototype, the upward flow formed at the exit from the conical bottom and axisymmetrically changing direction by 180° collapses on the separation grate, which is a set of non-intersecting square channels, into a set of chaotic gas jets unable to pick up coarse and medium-dispersed dust particles and carry them into the annular gap, which makes it possible to increase the selectivity of the separation process.

Claims (1)

An air centrifugal classifier with a separation grate, containing a body, an axial tube with rectangular slots made in its lower part, a transverse partition with equidistant radial holes, while the partition is located strictly above the rectangular slots made opposite the platform located between adjacent holes of the transverse partition, the bottom conical, receiving hopper, branch pipe for removing purified gas, characterized in that a separation grate is installed inside the receiving hopper, forming a plurality of non-intersecting square-shaped channels.

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