RU2346727C1 - Gas separator of vortex type - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engines and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: invention is designed for catching of finely dispersed and aerosol liquid and solid particles from gas flow and is applied in oil, gas, chemical and other industries. Separator comprises vertical cylindrical body, upper and lower bottoms, inlet, outlet and drain nozzles, deflector with reflecting plate, separation packet, false bottom. Deflector is made of helical shape, and its length makes at least one turn around vertical axis of separator body.

EFFECT: reduction of relative moisture content and mechanical admixtures in space around separation packet, relative reduction of load at separation packet by liquid phase compared to inlet in separator and higher efficiency of separation.

8 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention is intended to capture fine and aerosol liquid and solid particles from a gas stream, and is used in the oil, gas, chemical and other industries.

A group of separators is known among gas separators (RF patent No. 2064326 for the invention, IPC 6 B01D 45/12, 1996 [1]; RF patent No. 2136350 for the invention, IPC 6 B01D 45/12, 1999 [2]; RF patent No. 2188062 for invention, IPC 7 B01D 45/12, 2002 [3]; RF patent No. 2221625 for the invention, IPC 7 B01D 45/12, 2004 [4]; RF patent No. 52731 for utility model, IPC B01D 45/12, 2006 [5 ]) containing a vertical cylindrical body, inlet and outlet nozzles, a deflector, a separation element with vertical slotted channels and an axial disk located at the bottom of the separation element, tapering in the direction of rotation gutters.

The disadvantage of these devices is the complex and ineffective construction of introducing a gas-liquid mixture into the space around the separation element. Upon exiting the deflector, the gas-liquid mixture, expanding towards the separation element, entrains liquid and mechanical impurities, pressed by centrifugal force to the inner wall of the housing. This increases the load on the separation element and reduces the quality of separation.

Some improvement in the quality of separation compared to the indicated devices when introducing a gas-liquid mixture into the space around the separation element is achieved in the group of separators (RF patent No. 2244584 for the invention, IPC 7 B01D 45/12, 2005 [6]; RF patent No. 55636 for utility model, IPC B01D 45/02, B01D 45/16, B01D 45/18, 2006 [7]), containing a vertical cylindrical body, inlet and outlet pipes, a deflector, a separation element with vertical slotted channels and an axial disk located at the bottom of the separation element, catching pocket.

In the designs of these devices, due to the presence of a collecting pocket, the path along which the particles of liquid and mechanical impurities pressed by centrifugal forces can be captured by turbulent gas flows in the space between the separation element and the inner wall of the housing is shortened. However, in these separators [6, 7], as in the previous group [1-5], at the outlet of the deflector - in the zone of greatest turbulence - the gas-liquid mixture, expanding towards the separation element, entrains liquid and mechanical impurities pressed by centrifugal force to the inner wall of the housing.

The technical problem to be solved by the claimed invention is directed is to increase the efficiency of the separator.

The technical result provided by the claimed invention is to reduce the relative content of liquid and solids in the space around the separation package. This leads to a relative reduction in the load on the separation package in the liquid phase compared with the entrance to the separator, which provides a solution to the problem.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the gas vortex type separator contains a vertical cylindrical body, upper and lower bottoms, inlet, outlet and drain pipes, a deflector with a reflective plate, a separation bag, a false bottom. In this case, the deflector is made in a spiral shape and its length is at least one revolution around the vertical axis of the separator body.

The deflector according to the predominant design solution is formed by a spiral-shaped plate, an inner wall of the housing and a reflective plate, and at the same time it is bounded from above by the upper bottom and from the bottom by the lower cover. In this case, it is advisable to carry out the separation package in a cylindrical shape and place it in the separator body in the center of the inner space formed by a spiral-shaped plate.

The deflector is preferably performed with a gradually increasing height, reaching its maximum opposite the inlet pipe.

It is possible to arrange the outlet pipe vertically, and to provide the separator with a horizontal partition located above the separation bag; and cone-shaped guide confusers, located mainly above the horizontal partition between the separation bag and the outlet pipe and coaxially with the separation bag and the outlet pipe. In this case, the guide confusers must be placed one above the other with partial overlap, with the formation of annular gaps in the overlap zone. In this case, the drainage tube must hydraulically connect the space formed by the confusers, the upper part of the vertical housing, the upper bottom and the horizontal partition with the lower part of the separator. The end of the drainage tube may be provided with a hydraulic shutter.

It is also possible to arrange the outlet pipe horizontally, and to provide the separator with a horizontal partition located above the separation bag and a thin-layer chipper containing conical plates of different sizes coaxially located above the horizontal partition and an annular hydraulic pocket. In this case, the drainage tube located in the catching pocket must hydraulically connect the hydraulic pocket to the bottom of the separator. The end of the drainage tube may be provided with a hydraulic shutter.

In Fig.1 shows a diagram of a separator, a longitudinal section (section BB of Fig.2); figure 2 is a diagram of the separator, a cross section (section aa of figure 1); figure 3 is a diagram of the separator according to example 3; figure 4 - diagram of the separator according to example 4.

The gas vortex type separator (Fig. 1, 2) contains a vertical cylindrical body 1, upper 2 and lower 3 bottoms, inlet 4, outlet 5 and drain 6 nozzles, a deflector 7 with a reflective plate 8, a separation package 10, a false bottom 11.

The inlet pipe 4 is rigidly fixed in the cylindrical housing 1 of the separator and is located in it with an offset, so that its axis lies in the plane of the cross section of the housing 1 and does not intersect the axis of the housing 1.

The deflector 7 is located at the inlet pipe 4 and is designed to form a rotational (vortex) movement of the gas stream inside the separator. The deflector 7 also prevents the flow of gas into the axial zone of the separator without prior separation. The deflector 7 is made in a spiral shape, so that the path length of the gas stream in it is at least one revolution around the vertical axis of the housing 1. The deflector 7 is formed by a spiral plate 12, the inner wall of the housing 1 and the reflective plate 8, and is bounded from above by the upper bottom 2, and bottom - bottom cover 13. At the same time, the deflector 7 is made with a gradually increasing height, reaching its maximum opposite the inlet pipe 4. Further, the height of the deflector 7 remains unchanged. The design of the deflector 7 leads to the fact that the gas-liquid stream, getting into it from the inlet pipe 4, makes more than one revolution around the vertical axis of the separator body 1 before it enters the space around the separation package 10.

The inner wall of the housing 1, the bottom cover 13 of the deflector 7 and the reflective plate 8 form a catching pocket 14. The pocket 14 is designed to divert moving fluid and mechanical impurities pressed by the centrifugal force to the inner wall of the separator housing 1 from the vortex stream and transport them to the lower storage part separator. The entrance to the pocket 14 is located in the deflector 7. At least the part of the pocket 14 closest to the bottom cover 13 of the deflector 7 is open from below.

A drain pipe 6 is located in the lower bottom 3 of the separator.

The separation package 10 is cylindrical in shape and contains flat curved separation plates 15 located in its forming surface and forming identical and constant slotted channels 16 in the lap zone. The flat curved plates 15 are rigidly fixed in the lower part to the lower axial disk 17. The disk 17 is rigidly fixed to the M fingers 18, the ends of which are located without a gap in the holes of the false bottom 11, located with an annular gap to the vertical housing 1, and rigidly fixed to the housing 1 using the G-image s plate 19. In this case, the separation pack 10 is disposed in the axial zone of the separator so that the axis of the separation pack 10 is parallel to the axis of the cylindrical body 1 and the separator is displaced with respect to it.

Above the lower axial disk 17 is located the upper axial disk 24, connected to it by means of radial plates 25. The plates 25 are also designed to eliminate the rotational effect of the gas stream below the zone of their location.

Examples of specific performance.

Example 1

The deflector 7 is designed in such a way that the path length of the gas-liquid mixture in it is 1.2 turns around the axis of the separator body 1.

The axis of the separation package 10 is offset relative to the axis of the separator housing 1 so that the separation package 10 is located in the center of the inner space formed by the spiral-shaped plate 12 of the deflector 7. Flat curved plates 15 are rigidly fixed in the upper part to the upper bottom 2.

The ends of the flat curved plates 15 are directed in opposite directions tangentially to circles located in the cross section of the separator, one of which is described around the separation package 10, and the other is inscribed in the separation package 10.

The number of fingers 18 is one (M = 1).

An annular gap is formed in the upper part of the separation package 10 between the lower outer surface of the outlet pipe 5 and the inner surface of the upper part of the flat curved plates 15, which together with the lower surface of the upper bottom 2 forms a pocket-trap 23.

Example 2

The axis of the separation package 10 is offset relative to the axis of the separator housing 1 so that the separation package 10 is located in the center of the inner space formed by the spiral-shaped plate 12 of the deflector 7. Flat curved plates 15 are rigidly fixed in the upper part to the upper bottom 2.

The number of fingers 18 is four (M = 4).

Example 3

For the purpose of collecting liquid film at the outlet, the separator (Fig. 3) further comprises a horizontal partition 9 rigidly fixed in the housing 1. In this case, the inlet pipe 4 is located below the horizontal partition 9. The flat curved plates 15 of the separation bag 10 are rigidly fixed in the upper part to the horizontal partition 9.

In the upper part of the separator housing 1, mainly above the horizontal partition, cone-shaped guide confusers 26 are located. The confusers 26 are aligned with the separation bag 10 and the vertical outlet pipe 5 located in the upper bottom 2. The confusers 26 are located one above the other with partial overlap. The lower confuser is located in the outlet of the horizontal plate 9. The upper confuser is located under the outlet 5 and partially overlaps it. In the zone of mutual overlap and overlap with the outlet pipe, the confusers 26 form annular gaps 27, located opposite the movement of the gas stream, and designed to drain the film fluid from the surface of the confusers 26 into the upper storage chamber 28 of the separator. The separator contains two guides of the confuser 26.

An annular gap is formed in the upper part of the separation package 10 between the lower outer surface of the lower confuser 26 and the inner surface of the upper part of the flat curved plates 15, which together with the lower surface of the horizontal plate 9 forms a pocket-trap 23.

The separator also contains a vertical drainage tube 29 located in the pocket 14. One end of the drainage tube 29 is located in the drainage hole of the horizontal plate 9, and the other end is located under the false bottom 11.

Example 4

For the purpose of capturing a liquid film at the outlet when the outlet nozzle 5 is horizontally mounted, the separator (Fig. 4) further comprises a horizontal partition 9 rigidly fixed in the housing 1. The inlet nozzle 4 is located below the horizontal partition 9. The flat curved plates 15 of the separation bag 10 are rigidly fixed in the upper part to the horizontal partition 9.

In the upper part of the separator housing 1 there is a thin-layer chipper (not indicated) containing coaxially arranged cone-shaped plates 30 of different sizes and an annular hydraulic pocket 31. The plates 30 are aligned with the separation package 10 and form annular gaps 32.

The outlet pipe 5 is located horizontally and is rigidly fixed in the cylindrical housing 1 of the separator between the horizontal partition 9 and the hydraulic pocket 31.

The separator also contains a vertical drainage tube 29 located in the pocket 14, and passing through an opening in the horizontal partition 9. One end of the drainage tube 29 is located in the drainage hole of the annular hydraulic pocket 31, and the other end is located under the false bottom 11. The lower end of the drainage tube 29 equipped with a hydraulic shutter 33.

In the hole of the horizontal partition 9, located coaxially with the separation package 10, there is a pipe 34 rigidly connected to the horizontal partition 9. In the upper part of the separation package 10 between the outer surface of the pipe 34 and the inner surface of the upper part of the flat curved plates 15, an annular gap is formed, which together with the lower surface of the horizontal plate 9 formed a pocket-trap 23.

The implementation of the structural elements of the claimed invention is not limited to the above examples.

The inventive gas separator vortex type operates as follows.

The gas to be cleaned (crude gas) is fed into the apparatus through the inlet pipe 4. Installing the inlet pipe horizontally offset relative to the center line of the housing 1 allows you to create a sliding impact on the spiral-shaped plate of the deflector 7.

The deflector 7 smoothly changes the direction of gas movement, and forms a vortex gas movement around the separation package 10. In the deflector, the bulk of the liquid and mechanical impurities are released from the gas stream. Liquid droplets and a mechanical impurity are discarded by centrifugal force on the walls of the separator housing 1 and, under the influence of gravitational forces, move along this wall in a downward spiral in the direction of rotation of the gas stream. The main part of the liquid and mechanical impurities falls into the trap pocket 14, and flows down its walls down to the false bottom 11.

A finely divided droplet liquid that has not settled in the deflector 7 on the wall of the housing 1 exits with the gas flow from the deflector, enters the outer surface of the flat curved plates 15, and is transported by the gas stream through the slotted channels 16 to their inner surface. Descending along the inner surface of the plates 15, fluid particles, approaching the lower edges of these plates 15, slide off them and fall on the surface of the false bottom 11.

Through the annular gap 27 between the housing 1 and the false bottom 11, the liquid and mechanical impurities are transported to the drain pipe 6.

The cleaned gas stream is sent to the outlet pipe 5.

In the claimed invention, the claimed technical result: "reducing the relative content of liquid and solids in the space around the separation package" is achieved due to the fact that the gas vortex type separator contains a vertical cylindrical body, upper and lower bottoms, inlet, outlet and drain pipes, a deflector with reflective plate, separation bag, false bottom. In this case, the deflector is made in a spiral shape and its length is at least one revolution around the vertical axis of the separator body. The action time of the centrifugal force on the gas-liquid flow in the deflector in such a separator increases. Due to this, droplet moisture and mechanical impurities contained in the gas-liquid stream, make a greater path in the direction of the inner wall of the separator and as a result, most of them are separated from the gas-liquid stream. The main factor in this case is that when the gas-liquid flow passes through the spiral-shaped deflector, no hydraulic disturbances of the flow occur, since the design of the deflector does not provide local resistances, sudden changes in the direction of motion or other flow swirls. As a result, the gas-liquid flow in the field of centrifugal forces is distributed so that the liquid and mechanical impurities tend to the inner wall of the separator body. The absence of hydraulic disturbances in the deflector makes this distribution more stable.

The authors made prototypes of the inventive separator, laboratory tests which confirmed the achievement of the claimed technical result. In the course of research, the separation efficiency was determined by reducing the concentration of dropping liquid at the separator outlet as compared with its concentration at the inlet. The lower the droplet liquid content at the outlet, the higher the separation efficiency. Studies have shown an increase in separation efficiency with an increase in the length of the spiral deflector. Moreover, this increase in efficiency occurs regardless of the performance of the separator and the flow rate in the deflector.

The inventive gas vortex-type separator can be manufactured at a machine-building enterprise.

Information sources

1. RF patent No. 2064326 for the invention, IPC 6 B01D 45/12, 1996.

2. RF patent No. 2136350 for the invention, IPC 6 B01D 45/12, 1999.

3. RF patent No. 2188062 for the invention, IPC 7 B01D 45/12, 2002.

4. RF patent No. 2221625 for the invention, IPC 7 B01D 45/12, 2004.

5. RF patent No. 52731 for a utility model, IPC B01D 45/12, 2006.

6. RF patent No. 2244584 for the invention, IPC 7 B01D 45/12, 2005.

7. RF patent No. 55636 for utility model, IPC B01D 45/02, B01D 45/16, B01D 45/18, 2006.

Claims (8)

1. A gas vortex type separator containing a vertical cylindrical body, upper and lower bottoms, inlet, outlet and drain pipes, a deflector with a reflective plate, a separation bag, a false bottom, characterized in that the deflector is made in a spiral shape and its length is at least one rotation around the vertical axis of the separator housing. 2. The separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the deflector is formed by a spiral-shaped plate, the inner wall of the housing and the reflective plate, and at the same time is bounded above by the upper bottom and bottom by the lower cover. 3. The separator according to claim 2, characterized in that the separation bag is made of cylindrical shape and is located in the separator housing in the center of the inner space formed by a spiral-shaped plate. 4. The separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the deflector is made with a gradually increasing height, reaching its maximum opposite the inlet pipe. 5. The gas vortex type separator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the outlet pipe is located vertically, and the separator further comprises a horizontal partition located above the separation package, and cone-shaped guide confusers located mainly above the horizontal partition between the separation package and the outlet pipe and coaxially with the separation package and the outlet pipe, while the guide confusers are located one above the other with partial overlap and form in the rytiya annular gaps, wherein the separator further comprises a drain tube fluidly connecting the space formed by the converging tube, the upper part of the vertical body and a horizontal upper bottom wall, with the bottom of the separator. 6. The gas vortex type separator according to claim 5, characterized in that the lower end of the drainage tube is equipped with a hydraulic shutter. 7. The gas vortex type separator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the outlet pipe is located horizontally, and the separator further comprises a horizontal baffle located above the separation bag, and a thin layer baffle containing cone-shaped plates of different sizes coaxially located above the horizontal baffle and an annular hydraulic pocket, the separator also comprising a drainage tube located in the catching pocket and hydraulically connecting the hydraulic pocket to the bottom part of the separator. 8. The gas vortex type separator according to claim 7, characterized in that the lower end of the drainage tube is equipped with a hydraulic shutter.

Images