RU68352U1 - SEPARATOR - Google Patents

Abstract

Designed for the separation of materials, the separation of dispersed particles from gases, can find application in the oil, gas, engineering, food and other industries. The separator comprises a hollow cylindrical vertical housing with an inlet pipe, a top cover with an outlet pipe, a lower cover with a drain pipe, a deflector located in the housing at the level of the inlet pipe, a vertical separation bag, a gas flow antiviral installed at the bottom of the vertical separation bag, a screen, located in the lower part of the housing under the antiviral gas flow above the drain pipe, the screen is made in the form of two perforated disks, which are connected They are interconnected to form a gap between them, and the axes of the holes of one of the perforated discs are displaced in the horizontal direction relative to the axes of the holes of the other perforated disc. Achievable technical result is a decrease in hydrodynamic resistance and pressure losses, thereby increasing the throughput of the separator. 3 s.p. f-ly, 5 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to the separation of materials, in particular to the separation of dispersed particles from gases using centrifugal and gravitational forces, and can find application in various fields of technology, for example, in the oil, gas, machine-building, food and other industries.

A known separator (USSR author's certificate No. 1066629, MKI B01D 45/12, filing date 07/20/1982) containing a vertical cylindrical body divided into chambers by horizontal partitions with axial holes, inside of which there are separation elements made in the form of curved blades and installed Archimedes multi-helix, working on twisting and unwinding of the flow. The output ends of the blades are inclined to the generatrix of the surface of the truncated cone at an acute angle to the direction of rotation of the stream. The bases of the elements working for twisting the flow are equipped with prefabricated cones and watertight tubes for draining the liquid into the lower part of the apparatus. A diffuser is mounted on the lower partition, on the top - a confuser with an annular droplet eliminator, having inclined perforations. The tangential inlet is equipped with a guide baffle. A nozzle is installed in the lower part of the housing for withdrawing the separated liquid, and in the upper part is an outlet nozzle for removing the purified gas stream.

The separator works as follows. The gas-liquid mixture is fed into the separator through the inlet pipe and is guided by a guiding deflector along the wall of the apparatus, where partial gas separation occurs. The bulk of the liquid flows under the influence of the gravitational field into the lower part of the apparatus.

The swirling gas stream enters the lower separation element, where droplets of liquid under the influence of centrifugal force settle on the surface of the separating blades and are discharged to the lower part of the apparatus.

The purified gas with residual liquid enters the diffuser, where under the action of centrifugal force and the pressure of the gas stream, the liquid in the form of a film settles on the surface of the diffuser and moves along a twisted path. The liquid film is drawn from the confuser to the lower part of the apparatus without secondary entrainment due to the peculiarities of the diffuser.

From the diffuser, gas enters the central part of the spinning element. After passing through this element, the gas is cleaned on the separating plates mounted on the apparatus. Liquid is discharged to the bottom of the apparatus.

Then the gas enters the central part of the upper separating element, where coagulation of the remains of finely divided aerosol occurs. The liquid is discharged to the lower part of the apparatus by gravity.

Gas is sent to the confuser, where it is finally cleaned and removed from the apparatus.

The separated liquid is discharged from the bottom of the apparatus through the outlet pipe of the separated liquid.

The described separator has a complex structure and limited application due to the presence of tangential input. Such a constructive solution leads to a weakening of the apparatus body due to a notch for tangential entry, as well as abrasion of the housing by abrasive particles in the stream. For this reason, the use of a tangential inlet pipe for high pressure separators (gas condensate fields) is not recommended. The use of a diffuser and a confuser with an annular droplet eliminator limits the range of loads in the gas and liquid phases. The operation of the apparatus in a plug mode of supplying a liquid-gas medium is problematic, because the inlet pipe is located in the lower part of the housing, the direction of the gas-liquid medium is from bottom to top, which can lead to overloading of drain devices and choking of the separator. In addition, the design features of the separator determine the high hydrodynamic resistance, limiting the throughput of the apparatus.

As a prototype, the separator "Hummingbird", known according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2244584, MKI ⁷ B01D 45/12, the filing date of the application 2003.08.21.

The separator contains a vertical cylindrical body, an inlet pipe mounted on the body in its upper part, a horizontal partition in the upper part of the body with an opening over which the outlet pipe is located, a drain pipe

in the lower part of the housing, a deflector forming the rotational movement of the gas-liquid flow inside the separator, a vertical separation bag, an anti-swirl installed in the lower part of the separation bag, a screen located under the anti-swirl above the drain pipe.

The vertical separation bag consists of flat vertical curved separation plates. The ends of the flat curved plates are directed in different directions with respect to the inner and outer diameters of the package. The plates are reinforced along the inner perimeter of the horizontal partition and form vertical slotted channels in the area of their overlap.

An annular gap is formed in the upper part of the separation package between the lower outer surface of the outlet pipe and the inner surface of the upper part of the separation plates of the separation package, which together with the horizontal partition forms a pocket trap.

The anti-swirl is made in the form of upper and lower axial disks (bottoms), which are located coaxially and interconnected by means of radial plates located between them. The upper axial disk of the anti-swirl is connected to the lower part of the separation plates of the separation package with the formation of an annular radial clearance between the upper axial disk and the separation plates.

The screen located in the lower part of the housing under the anti-swirl above the drain pipe is made in the form of a flat washer mounted on the housing with the formation of an annular gap between the flat washer and the cylindrical separator body.

The separator works as follows. The gas-liquid mixture is fed into the separator through the inlet pipe. The installation of the inlet pipe with a horizontal offset relative to the axial line of the vertical cylindrical body, allows you to create a sliding impact on the surface of the deflector.

The deflector swirls the gas flow, prevents the flow of gas into the axial zone of the separation package without first separating the gas-liquid mixture. In the annular space formed by the vertical cylindrical wall of the housing and the separation plates of the vertical separator, the bulk of the liquid is released from the gas stream. Drops of liquid are discarded by centrifugal force on the walls of the housing and under the influence of gravitational forces along the rotation of the gas stream in a downward spiral are transported through the annular gap between the housing and the screen to the drain pipe.

A finely divided droplet liquid that does not settle on the housing enters the outer surface of the separation plates and is transported through the gas stream through

vertical slotted channels, falling on the inner surface of the separation plates. The gas stream in the internal volume is divided into three layers with its own axial velocity vectors: directly at the wall it is directed downward, then the insignificant layer is “stationary” and the next main stream is directed upward. The presence of the first layer with the direction of the axial velocity vector downward allows the dew, drops, and film deposited on the separation plates to be driven to the lower edge of the separation package. Descending along the inner surface of the separation plates, fluid particles from the lower edge of the screen separation package, from where they are transported through the annular gap between the screen and the housing in the direction of the drain pipe.

The cleaned gas stream through the hole in the horizontal partition and the outlet pipe enters the consumer.

Common features of the prototype and the proposed solution are: a hollow cylindrical vertical housing with an inlet pipe, a top cover with an outlet pipe, a lower cover with a drain pipe, a deflector located in the housing at the level of the inlet pipe, a vertical separation bag, a gas flow anti-swirl installed in the lower part vertical separation bag, a screen located in the lower part of the housing under the antioxidant gas flow above the drain pipe.

Features of the prototype separator, in comparison with the analogue, can simplify the design, reduce pressure loss and thereby increase the productivity of the apparatus. However, the presence of a screen between the lower part of the housing and the separation bag, made in the form of a continuous flat washer installed in the housing with the formation of an annular gap between the washer and the housing, creates additional hydrodynamic resistance and pressure loss, which limits the throughput of the apparatus.

The utility model is based on the task of improving the separator, in which due to the design features of its implementation, a reduction in hydrodynamic resistance and pressure loss is achieved, thereby increasing the throughput of the separator.

The problem is achieved in that in a separator containing a hollow cylindrical vertical casing with an inlet pipe, a top cover with an outlet pipe, a lower cover with a drain pipe, a deflector located in the casing at the level of the inlet pipe, a vertical separation bag, a gas flow anti-swirl installed in the bottom of the vertical separation bag, and the screen located in the lower part of the housing under the anti-swirl gas flow above

according to the utility model, the drain pipe is made in the form of two perforated disks that are interconnected to form a gap between them, while the axes of the holes of one of the perforated disks are displaced horizontally relative to the axes of the holes of the other perforated disc.

These features make up the essence of the utility model.

It is advisable to make holes in the perforated disks with an equal diameter, and displace the axis of the holes of one of the perforated disks relative to the axes of the holes of the other perforated disk by an amount not less than the diameter of the holes.

It is advisable to connect the perforated disks to the gas flow antiviral using an axis connected to the gas flow antiviral and a sleeve connected to the perforated disks and mounted on the specified axis along a sliding fit.

It is also advisable to fix the support disk with the hole in the upper part of the housing, connect the vertical separation package with the upper edge to the support disk around the perimeter of the specified hole, and connect the hole to the outlet pipe through the guide cone.

The essential features of the utility model are in a causal relationship with the technical result achieved.

So, signs including:

- a hollow cylindrical vertical housing with a supply pipe,

- top cover with outlet

- bottom cover with drain pipe,

- a deflector located in the housing at the level of the inlet pipe,

- vertical separation bag in the housing,

- gas flow antiviral installed in the lower part of the vertical separation package,

- a screen located in the lower part of the housing under the anti-swirl gas flow above the drain pipe,

- making the screen in the form of two perforated disks that are interconnected to form a gap between them, the displacement of the axes of the holes of one of the perforated disks in the horizontal direction relative to the axes of the holes of the other perforated disk

are necessary and sufficient to achieve a technical result, which is expressed in the reduction, in comparison with the prototype, of hydrodynamic

resistance and pressure losses, which ensures an increase in the throughput of the separator.

Distinctive features of the utility model (the implementation of the screen in the form of two perforated disks that are interconnected to form a gap between them, the horizontal displacement of the axes of the holes of one of the perforated disks relative to the axes of the holes of another perforated disk) in combination with the features known from the description of the prototype hydrodynamic resistance to the gas flow directed from the lower part of the housing towards the outlet pipe. So, in the prototype, the gas flow from the lower part of the housing towards the outlet pipe could pass only through the annular gap between the screen and the walls of the housing with the corresponding hydrodynamic resistance. It should be noted that in the prototype through the specified gap, all the separated liquid flows to the drain pipe in the direction opposite to the gas stream. Under such conditions, entrainment of the separated liquid by a gas stream is possible. The design of the screen in the form of two perforated disks, which are interconnected with the formation of a gap between them, allows you to direct the gas flow from the lower part of the housing towards the outlet pipe both through the annular gap between the screen and the walls of the housing, and through the holes of the perforated disks, which reduces the hydrodynamic resistance to gas flow. In this case, the horizontal displacement of the axes of the openings of one of the perforated disks relative to the axes of the openings of the other perforated disc prevents the removal of the separated liquid by the gas stream.

The holes in the perforated disks with the same diameter and the displacement of the axis of the holes of one of the perforated disks relative to the axes of the holes of the other perforated disk by an amount not less than the diameter of the holes ensures the manufacturability of the structure and the prevention of entrainment of the separated liquid by the gas stream.

The installation in the upper part of the housing of the support disk, with which the vertical separation bag is connected with the upper edge, as well as the connection of the gas flow anti-swirl installed in the lower part of the vertical separation package with perforated screen disks in a sliding fit, provides reliable fastening of the vertical separation package in the case and compensates for uneven thermal resizing of the separation bag and the housing when a high-temperature gas-liquid stream is fed into the separator.

The following is a detailed description of the inventive separator with reference to the drawings, which show:

Figure 1 - Separator, a longitudinal section.

Figure 2 - Separator, section aa in figure 1.

Figure 3 - Separator, a section bB in figure 1.

Figure 4 - Separator, screen on an enlarged scale, top view.

Figure 5 - Separator, section bb in figure 4.

The separator comprises a hollow cylindrical vertical housing 1 with a supply pipe 2, an upper spherical cover 3 with an output pipe 4, a lower spherical cover 5 with a drain pipe 6. The supply pipe 2 is located tangentially on the side surface of the housing 1 with an offset relative to the axis 7 of the housing 1, the output pipe 4 is located vertically. In the upper part of the housing 1, a support disk 8 is fixed with an opening 9. The hole 9 is in communication with the outlet pipe 4 through the guide cone 10.

In the housing 1 at the level of the inlet pipe 2 there is a deflector 11 with a reflective plate 12, which forms the rotational movement of the gas-liquid flow in the cavity of the housing 1. Inside the housing 1 is installed with an eccentricity relative to the axis 7 of the housing 1, a vertical separation bag 13, an anti-swirl gas stream 14, installed in the lower part of the vertical separation package 13, the screen 15, located in the lower part of the housing 1 under the anti-swirl gas stream 14 above the drain pipe 6.

The separation package 13 is made of many curved vertical separation plates 16 located with the formation of vertical slotted channels 17 between the separation plates 16. The upper edge of the separation package 13 is mounted on the supporting disk 8 around the perimeter of the hole 9 made in the supporting disk 8, with the formation of an annular gap 18 between the inner surface of the separation plates 16 of the separation package 13 and the hole 9 in the supporting disk 8.

The gas flow anti-swirl 14 is installed in the lower part of the vertical separation bag 13 and is made in the form of an upper axial disk 19 and a lower axial disk 20, which are located coaxially and parallel at a certain distance from each other and are interconnected by radial plates 21. The upper axial disk 19 is connected with the lower part of the separation package 13 with the formation of a radial clearance 22 between the upper axial disk 19 and the inner surface of the separation plates 16 of the separation package 13.

The screen 15 is located in the lower part of the housing 1 under the anti-swirl gas stream 14 above the drain pipe 6 and is made in the form of two perforated disks 22 and 23, which are interconnected by supports 24 with the formation of a gap 25 between them. Holes 26 and 27 in the perforated disks 22 and 23 are made with equal diameter. The axis 28 of the holes 26 of the perforated disk 22 is displaced horizontally relative to the axis 29 of the holes 27 of the perforated disk 23 by an amount not less than the diameter of the holes 26 and 27. The perforated disks 22 and 23 are mounted on the scarves 30, mounted on the housing 1 with the formation of a gap 31 between the inner surface case 1 and perforated discs 22 and 23 for feeding the separated liquid into the pan 32 and further to the drain pipe 6.

The perforated disks 22 and 23 are connected to the gas flow anti-swirl 14 using an axis 33 connected to the gas flow anti-swirl 14 and a sleeve 34 connected to the perforated disks 22 and 23 and mounted on the specified axis 33 in a sliding fit.

The deflector 11 with the reflective plate 12 form a guide channel 35, for supplying a gas-liquid mixture flow into the cavity of the housing 1, giving it a rotational movement. A pocket 36 is formed behind the reflective plate 12, the cavity of which is hydraulically connected by the slotted gap 37 with the cavity of the housing 1.

The separation bag 13 is installed in the cavity of the housing 1 at an equal distance from the surface of the deflector 11 and the inner wall of the housing 1, with the formation of an annular gap 38. The pocket 36 is located along the wall of the housing 1 with the lower end of the pocket 36 at the lower end of the separation plates 16 of the separation package 13 .

The centrifugal gas separator operates as follows

The gas-liquid mixture under pressure is supplied to the cavity of the housing 1 through the inlet pipe 2 and through the reflective plate 12 is supplied to the guide channel 35. Under the action of centrifugal forces, the flow is rotated inside the deflector 11 with an exit to the annular gap 38 between the separation bag 13 and the inner wall of the housing 1. From the gas-liquid stream, a dropping liquid is released, which due to the influence of tangential forces are discarded to the wall of the housing 1 and under the influence of gravitational forces along the gas stream down the walking spiral is transported through the annular gap 31 to the drain pipe 6.

A finely divided droplet liquid that has not settled on the inner surface of the vertical casing 1, enters the outer surface of the separation plates 16 and through the slotted channels 17 enters the separation package 13. Transported with

one separation plate 16 onto another, under the influence of centrifugal and gravitational forces, the liquid film is twisted and lowered into a helical spiral to the upper axial disk 19, is discharged onto the surface of the perforated disk 22 and through holes 26, 27 of the perforated disks 22, 23, and also through the gap 31 served in a pan 32 and further to the drain pipe 6.

The radial plates 21, due to the direction towards the gas-liquid flow and its curved surface, impede the transmission of the rotational movement of the gas stream to the liquid layer under the lower axial disk 20, which contributes to better draining of the liquid to the drain pipe 6.

The design of the screen 15 in the form of two perforated disks 22, 23 located with a gap 25, in which the holes 26, 27 are displaced in the horizontal direction by an amount not less than the diameter of the holes 26 and 27, allows gas to pass from the lower part of the housing 1 through the holes 26, 27 , annular gap 31 with minimal hydrodynamic resistance and prevents secondary entrainment of the separated liquid by the gas stream.

The separated gas through the inner cavity of the separation package 10 and through the guide cone 10, mounted on the supporting disk 8, is sent to the outlet pipe 4 and then to the consumer.

With a high concentration of liquid in the gas-liquid flow, the latter is supplied through the supply pipe 2 into the housing 1 and, when interacting with the reflection plate 12, acquires a rotational movement and then rotates in the annular gap 38 between the outer surface of the separation bag 13 and the inner surface of the housing 1. Further, the gas-liquid flow is transported to the slotted gap 37 of the pocket 36, where when interacting with the back of the reflective plate 12, the liquid along the wall of the housing 1 is transported down to the level aspolozheniya end of the separation plates 16 of the separation pack 13 and then through the gap 31 into the sump 32 to the drain pipe 6.

With a large volume of liquid, the liquid is introduced through the slotted gap 37 into the pocket 36 not immediately, but with a delay. That is, the thickness of the film liquid layer increases along the perimeter of the wall of the housing 1, which makes it possible to maintain the rotational motion of the gas-liquid flow in the annular gap 38 with the formation of a movable liquid support with which the rotating gas-liquid flow interacts.

When applying a gas-liquid stream with a high temperature to the separator, uneven heating of the internal parts and components of the separator is observed compared to the housing 1, which leads to an uneven thermal change in size

the separation package 13 and the housing 1. In this case, the thermal elongation of the separation plates 16 of the separation package 13 is compensated by the free movement together with them of the anti-swirl gas stream 14 relative to the screen 15 due to the sliding fit of the sleeve 34 on the axis 33.

The proposed separator has a simple design, technological, provides, in comparison with the prototype, the reduction of hydrodynamic resistance and increase the throughput of the separator.

Claims (4)

1. A separator comprising a hollow cylindrical vertical housing with an inlet pipe, a top cover with an outlet pipe, a lower cover with a drain pipe, a deflector located in the housing at the level of the inlet pipe, a vertical separation bag, a gas flow anti-swirl installed in the lower part of the vertical separation bag , and a screen located in the lower part of the housing under the anti-swirl gas flow above the drain pipe, characterized in that the screen is made in the form of two perforated disks that are interconnected to form a gap between them, while the axis of the holes of one of the perforated disks are displaced in the horizontal direction relative to the axis of the holes of the other perforated disk. 2. The separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the holes are made with an equal diameter, and the axis of the holes of one of the perforated discs is offset from the axis of the holes of the other perforated disc by an amount not less than the diameter of the holes. 3. The separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the perforated disks are connected to the gas flow anti-swirl using an axis connected to the gas flow anti-switcher and a sleeve connected to the perforated disks and mounted on the specified axis along a sliding fit. 4. The separator according to claim 1, characterized in that a support disk with a hole is fixed in the upper part of the housing, a separation bag is connected with its upper edge to the support disk around the perimeter of the hole, and the hole is communicated with the outlet pipe through the guide cone.