RU61540U1 - DEVICE FOR TREATMENT OF FRACKS OF THE BACK PELVIS - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model is aimed at expanding the functionality of the device due to the ability to control the position of the sacrum relative to the anonymous bones of the pelvic ring and ensuring its reliable fixation. The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that the device for treating fractures of the posterior parts of the pelvis consists of a pelvic support, consisting of arches connected with the possibility of movement relative to each other, threaded rods mounted on the pelvic support by means of brackets and reposition units, according to the technical solution, is equipped with reposition knot for the sacrum, consisting of threaded rods, a crosshair fixed on a radial bar and pivotally connected to each other, two beams and threaded rods, hinge beams o fixed on the pelvic support and connected at one end with the radius bar, and the second with threaded rods.

Description

The utility model relates to medicine, namely to traumatology and can be used to reposition and fix damage to the posterior pelvic ring.

There are devices of various designs for reposition and fixing damage to the pelvis. A common feature of them are limited repositional properties, the inability to effectively manipulate the rear parts of the pelvis.

Known pelvic frame (M.E. Muller, M. Allgover, R. Schneider, H. Willinegger, Guide to internal osteosynthesis, Methodology recommended by the AO group, Switzerland, AdMarginem, 1996, 394-395 Fig. 5.16), consisting of connected between each other tubes that are mounted on the screws of the Shants inserted into the iliac ridges. Stabilization of the frame is achieved using Steinman's spokes or tubes of smaller diameter.

However, this design does not allow reposition of the sacrum and fixes with a sufficient degree of reliability fractures of the posterior pelvic ring.

A device for external fixation of the posterior pelvic ring (Pat. RF No. 2152759, 2000) used in the treatment of ruptures of the sacroiliac joint. The device is mounted on threaded rods, which are inserted two into the sacrum and posterior iliac portions on the side of the damaged joint and one threaded rod into the other ilium, which allows compression and fixation of the posterior pelvic half ring.

However, the device does not allow you to control the back of the pelvis during fractures, in particular the movement of the sacrum.

A device for external fixation for the treatment of fractures of the pelvic bones (Pat. RF No. 2195896, 2003), allowing reposition of individual fragments of the pelvic ring. The device comprises a pelvic support, consisting of arcs connected with the possibility of movement relative to each other by means of a connection unit, reposition units for controlling individual fragments of the pelvis and threaded rods mounted on the pelvic support. The device allows you to eliminate deformations and fractures of the pelvic ring using, if necessary, a large repositional effort.

However, controlling the position of the sacrum relative to the nameless bones during bilateral ruptures of the sacroiliac joints causes difficulties. In addition, it is not possible to maintain the rigidity of fixation of the sacrum for the entire period of treatment.

The technical task is to expand the functionality of the external fixation device due to the ability to control the position of the sacrum relative to the anonymous bones of the pelvic ring and ensuring its reliable fixation is solved as follows.

A device for treating fractures of the posterior parts of the pelvis, including a pelvic support, consisting of arches connected to move relative to each other, threaded rods mounted on the pelvic support by means of brackets and reposition units, according to the technical solution, equipped with a reposition unit for the sacrum, consisting of threaded rods , a crosshair fixed on a radial bar and pivotally connected to each other, two beams and threaded rods, the beams are pivotally mounted on a pelvic support and connected at one end radiused strap, and the second threaded rods.

Providing the device with a repositional unit for the sacrum expands its functionality by providing movement control

sacrum in the necessary direction and reliable fixation for the entire period of treatment.

Cross-mounting on the radial bar of the threaded rods of the reposition unit provides reliable device-bone communication, and the hinged connection of the rods to each other and the radius bar allows compression or distraction along the rods. The hinged fastening of the beams with a pelvic support and communication with the radius bar and threaded rods ensures the movement of the sacrum relative to the anonymous pelvic bones.

On figa and B presents a General view (photo) of a device for the treatment of fractures of the posterior pelvic from different positions.

Figure 2 shows the threaded rods of the repositional unit for the sacrum fixed on the radius bar.

On Figa, B, C are examples of the movement of the reposition unit using threaded rods.

A device for treating the posterior parts of the pelvis contains (Fig. 1) a pelvic support 1 consisting of 4 arcs interconnected to move relative to each other (two arcs are possible), threaded rods 2 mounted on the arches of the pelvic support, repositioned a node for controlling individual fragments (not shown in Fig.) and a repositional node for moving the sacrum relative to the nameless bones. The threaded rods 2 have a variable diameter, immersed in the bone part of 5 mm, the outer 8 mm. The rods 2 are attached to the pelvic support using brackets 3 having holes with a diameter of 9 mm and a through threaded hole in the base (M6). The repositional unit for controlling fragments of the pelvic ring consists of a threaded rod movably connected through a bracket on the arc of the pelvic support. Depending on the complexity of the fractures and the need for additional reposition of individual fragments, this repositional node can be mounted on any of the four arches of the pelvic node, or, if necessary,

use multiple reposition nodes. The repositional unit for the sacrum consists of threaded rods 4, two beams 5 and threaded rods 6. The threaded rods 4 of the crosshair are fixed on the radius bar 7 at an angle to each other using brackets 8, the beam 5 is connected to the pelvic support 1 by means of a hinge 9. One end of the beam is pivotally connected with the radius bar 7, and the other through the bracket 10 with a threaded rod 6, which is mounted on the arc of the pelvic support. The front arches of the pelvic support 1 at the front are connected using the beam 11 of the brackets and threaded rods (Fig.1B), the design of this connection may vary depending on the type of damage.

The device is used as follows. The application of the device begins in the patient’s position on the back under general anesthesia, for which threaded rods 2 are inserted into the supraclavicular areas on both sides through punctures of the skin by screwing. The rods are fixed on the front arches of the pelvic support 1 using brackets. Orient arcs depending on the direction and magnitude of the displacement. Then the patient is turned on its side, rear arches are attached to the front arches of the pelvic support. One (two) threaded rods 2 are inserted into the posterior iliac bones on each side, and they are fixed in the posterior arches using brackets. Two threaded rods 4 (FIG. 2) are introduced into the lateral masses of the sacrum parallel to the plane of the sacroiliac joints, which are pivotally attached to the radius bar 7 and pivotally connected to each other, for example, using brackets 8 and nuts 12. Changing the distance (moving the hooks 12) between the bar and the hinge joint of the threaded rods 4 compresses or distracts between their ends, which provides a more powerful grip of the sacrum (like grip by forceps) in the device-bone system.

The sacrum is repositioned by moving the nuts 13 along the threaded rods 6. In this case, the sacrum is moved relative to the nameless bones in the frontal plane (Fig. 3A, B,

C, depending on the movement of the nuts, a different position of the reposition unit for the sacrum is shown). During the movement of the sacrum, 2 stages can be distinguished. In the process of bringing the radius bar 7 to the level of the location of the hinges of the pelvic supports 9, distraction occurs in the rear parts of the pelvis at the level of the anonymous bones due to the increase in the distance between the hinges 9, with the further removal of the radius bar beyond the level of the hinges 9, the distance between the latter decreases, thereby compressing back departments. Uneven movement of the threaded rods 6 (Fig. 3C) on the pelvic supports allows the sacrum to be moved at an angle (to change the slope) in the plane of entry into the small pelvis (“inlet” projection).

Thus, the use of the proposed device for the treatment of the posterior pelvic regions expands the functionality of the device as it allows reposition of damage to the posterior pelvic half-ring and controls the position of the sacrum relative to the nameless bones of the pelvic ring, ensuring its reliable fixation for the entire treatment period.

Claims (1)

A device for treating fractures of the posterior parts of the pelvis, including a pelvic support, consisting of arches connected to move relative to each other and threaded rods mounted on the pelvic support by means of brackets, characterized in that the device is equipped with a repositional node for the sacrum, consisting of threaded rods, cross-mounted on a radial bar, and pivotally connected to each other, two beams and threaded rods, the beams are pivotally mounted on the pelvic support and connected at one end to the radius bar first and second threaded rods.