RU47398U1 - REINFORCED REINFORCED CONCRETE BUILDING FRAME WITH OVERLAPPING FROM MULTI-EMPTY BOARDS - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to ground construction, namely to the construction of multi-storey buildings for various purposes, mainly housing and civil engineering. The essence of the claimed utility model consists in the fact that in a precast concrete building frame with a multi-hollow core slab containing the crossbars installed on the supporting elements of the columns for supporting the floor slabs, the floor slabs are molded with undercut-notches forming two opposite ends of the console plate for support on the shelves of the crossbar, while the height of the shelves of the crossbar is made commensurate with the depth in the thickness of the plate mating with the shelf undercut-notches. Compliance with the condition of proportionality of the height of the shelves of the crossbars with the size of the recess in the thickness of the plate mating with the shelf undercut-notches ensures that the lower surface of the crossbar and the lower surface of the plate are at the same level. At the same time, undercut-notches made on two opposite ends of the plate provide the possibility of joining an unlimited number of crossbars and plates with each other, which allows you to get an even flat overlap of unlimited area.

Description

The utility model relates to ground construction, namely to the construction of multi-storey buildings for various purposes, mainly housing and civil engineering.

State of the art

Known solutions to multi-storey building frames (see patent for the invention of the Russian Federation No. 2134751, IPC: E 04 B 1/18, publ. 1999.08.20; patent for the invention of the Russian Federation No. 2087633, IPC: E 04 B 1/18, publ. 1997.08. 20), in which the elements of the frame form a smooth overlap without protrusions of the supporting beams, which provides the possibility of free planning of the premises. However, the overlap in these solutions is formed by flat prefabricated plates, interconnected at the ends by load-bearing crossbars made of monolithic reinforced concrete. A significant disadvantage of monolithic treatment in winter cold conditions is the need for concrete heating, in addition, special supporting equipment is required.

Known prefabricated reinforced concrete frame of a multi-storey building made of prefabricated structural elements - beams (crossbars), slab panels and columns mounted at the construction site (see Baykov V.I., Sigalov E.E. Reinforced concrete structures. General course, M : Stroyizdat, 1991, p. 263, Fig. 10.1). The advantage of prefabricated frames is the production of basic reinforced concrete work related to the manufacture of structural elements in stationary factory conditions, which eliminates the dependence of construction work on weather conditions, and improves productivity. The installation of the specified frame includes the installation of crossbars of rectangular cross-section on the consoles of columns and laying on top of the crossbars of the panels of floor slabs. However, the crossbar beam protruding from the plane of overlap reduces the useful height of the room and does not allow for its free planning.

A solution is known (see V.M. Bondarenko, Suvorkin, Reinforced concrete and stone structures, M .: Higher school, 1987, p. 305-307, Fig. 116, 185), in which, in order to reduce the part of the crossbar protruding from the ceiling, the width of the crossbar is increased and shelves are arranged for supporting the floor slabs located below the top of the crossbar by the thickness of the plate.

Known decisions on copyright certificate No. 1392218, IPC: E 04 B 1/18, publ. 30.04.88, bull. No. 16 or according to AS No. 1530707, IPC: Е 04 В 1/18, publ. 23.12.89 g, bull. No. 47, in which floor slabs are installed with support on the shelves of the crossbars. However, in all these cases, the problem of obtaining an even floor is not solved.

Known prefabricated reinforced concrete frame of the building BELGPI (see RF patent No. 2202026, IPC: E 04 B 1/18, publ. 2003.04.10), including columns mounted on them crossbars, of which part is made with shelves for supporting floor slabs. However, the frame is distinguished by the use of original structural elements - columns with a width of 3: 1, rectangular crossbars and T-sections with a large width, installation of crossbars of different heights, which significantly increases the cost of work and the building as a whole, because requires the development and use of new, original equipment for the production of structural elements.

The prefabricated reinforced concrete frame of the building was selected as the prototype (see A.P. Kudzis. Reinforced concrete and stone structures. Part 2, M: Higher School, 1989, Fig. 2.7, p. 37), including columns, on the consoles of which the crossbars are mounted T-section (see Fig. 2.10, p. 42) with shelves below. Multi-hollow floor slabs are laid on the crossbars of the crossbars. All of these structural elements of the frame contain reinforcing reinforcement, calculated on the basis of current loads.

The advantages of the prototype include the use of commercially available structural elements, whose mass debugged production contributes to lower costs, high quality products.

The disadvantage is the formation of protrusions of beams on the ceiling of the building. Utility Model Disclosure

The claimed utility model solves the problem of ensuring the free layout of the premises by obtaining a flat ceiling of unlimited area in the precast concrete frame of the building, made on the basis of commercially available structural elements.

The problem is solved due to the fact that in the prefabricated reinforced concrete frame of the building with overlapping of hollow core slabs containing crossbars with shelves installed on the supporting elements of the columns for supporting the floor slabs, according to the claimed utility model, the floor slabs are molded with undercut-notches, forming two opposite ends of the console plate for supporting on the crossbars of the crossbar, while the height of the crossbars of the crossbar is made commensurate with the depth in the thickness of the plate mating with the shelf undercut-notches.

In contrast to the prototype, in the proposed prefabricated building frame, the floor slabs are supported on the supporting surfaces of the beams shelves with their cantilever sections formed by making cuts-notches at the ends of the plate, while the shelf protrusion enters the undercut-notch cavity. Observance of the condition of proportionality of the height of the shelves of the crossbars with the depth in the thickness of the plate of the undercut-notch mating with the shelf ensures that the lower surface of the crossbar and the lower surface of the plate are at the same level, while the undercut-notches are carried out along two opposite ends of the plate.

Thus, the above set of features allows you to get a new technical result, namely a two-way unified connection of the crossbar and floor slabs, which provides the possibility of joining an unlimited number of crossbars and slabs with each other, therefore, it is possible to obtain a smooth floor on unlimited areas.

The documents of patent No. 2202026 contain instructions for trimming the floor slab at only one end thereof. Moreover, even if we assume that the height of the shelves of the crossbar is commensurate with the size of the trim, which is not indicated, it is possible to obtain an even ceiling only within the overlap of two plates and the crossbar between them.

Closer solutions in the prior art were not found, which allows us to conclude about the "novelty" of the proposed solution.

Another advantage of the proposed solution is the possibility of producing elements of the prefabricated frame of the building - columns, girders and floor slabs - on equipment used for the production of serial structural elements, for example, the 1.020 series. The proposed structural changes of floor slabs and crossbars can be easily implemented when molding the latter at the manufacturers. In this case, a complete replacement of technological equipment is not required, which always leads to large financial costs, and molding is carried out in the commonly used formwork, placing removable inserts in it.

The insert for forming the undercut-notches of a hollow core slab is made in the form of the required undercut-notches with grooves for the working reinforcement in the lower part, and the ends and the top repeating the configuration of the hollow formers.

The insert for forming the crossbars is performed overlapping the bottom of the formwork with a decrease in the height of the latter along the entire length.

The proposed solution allows to reduce the size of the cross section of the crossbars in comparison with the crossbars of the standard series.

In order to ensure sufficient strength and reliability of the joints, the console plates and crossbars are reinforced with additional reinforcing cages.

Additional frames of the plate consoles are made in the form of welded gratings, including rods of longitudinal reinforcement connected by transverse clamps:

the upper, lower and shortened middle, located above the supporting surface of the console, as well as an anchored rod with a limb, the grilles are vertically installed in the frontal end sections of the slab in the hollow spaces, with the exception of those in which the prestressed rod and loop with the lower reinforced belt are located at the same time. In this case, the prestressed rod (main reinforcement) is limited by the walls of the undercut-notch.

It is preferable to make end undercuts-recesses of the plate at half its thickness, which contributes to the most rational placement of reinforcing reinforcement.

Crossbars are strengthened by inclusion in the reinforcing cage of additional rods of longitudinal working reinforcement.

The bearing capacity of the crossbars and floor panels after making changes to their reinforcement remains the same as the crossbars and panels before the changes are made.

A brief description of the drawings The essence of the proposed technical solution is illustrated by drawings, where in Fig. 1 - a fragment of a building frame with slabs installed on the crossbars is shown, top view;

figure 2 is a section aa from figure 1, shows the junction of the crossbars and floor slabs;

figure 3 is an example of a multi-hollow floor slab, cross section, shows the placement of reinforcing cages;

figure 4 - section bb in figure 3, shows the performance of the additional reinforcing cage of a multi-hollow plate;

figure 5 is a cross section of a crossbar, shows the installation of additional fittings.

Utility Model Implementation

The prefabricated reinforced concrete frame of the building with an overlapping of multi-hollow slabs contains (see Fig. 1.2) columns 1, crossbars 2 mounted on the consoles of columns 1, and slabs 3 of the floor. Crossbars 2 are made with shelves 4 for supporting slabs 3 floors.

Plate 3 is molded with undercut-notches 5, made half the thickness of the plate and forming at the ends of the plate 3 console 6 for support on the shelves 4 of the crossbar. The height of the flange 4 of the crossbar is proportional to the value of the undercut-notch 5 mating with the shelf, i.e. is equal to _^half the plate thickness.

Crossbars 2 and floor slabs 3 can be made on equipment used for the production of interspecific framework structures for high-rise public buildings and industrial buildings of the 1.020 series. As columns 1, typical designs of the indicated series can be used without changes.

The manufacture of slab 3 overlap (see figure 3, 4) is as follows. After laying the working reinforcement on the stops in the usual formwork used for the production of slabs of the indicated series, for example, for slabs with a thickness of 220 mm, special inserts are installed on two opposite sides, with a height h1 '= 1/2 of the slab thickness = 110 mm, made in rectangular parallelepiped shape. Bottom in the liners provided grooves for working fittings. The ends and top of the liner repeat the configuration of the void formers. As a result of molding in the formwork with the indicated inserts, a slab of 220 mm thickness with consoles 110 mm high and 125 mm wide is obtained. The manufacture of the crossbar 2 (see figure 5) is as follows. In the formwork for the production of crossbars of the 1.020 series of T-section with a height of h = 450 mm with an expanded lower part forming shelves with a height of h1, a liner is installed to support the slabs, overlapping the bottom of the formwork and reducing its height. After the changes, the height of the crossbar decreased from h = 450 mm to h '= 300 mm, the height of the crossbars of the crossbars decreased from h1 = 220 mm to h1' = 100 mm, while the decrease in the total height of the crossbars was carried out by reducing the height of the shelves of the crossbar and shortening its upper part by h2 The width of the shelves of the crossbar remains unchanged th.

As a result of the installation of the plate 3 on the crossbar 2, the consoles 6 of the plate rest on the shelves 4 of the crossbar, the protrusion of the shelf 4 is placed in the undercut-notch 5, while the lower surfaces of the crossbars 2 and the plates 3 are located at the same level, which ensures an even flat overlap.

The formed consoles 6 of the plates 3 are reinforced by introducing into the reinforcing cage containing a lower reinforced belt with longitudinal prestressed

rods 7, additional reinforcing cages in the form of welded lattices 8. Lattices 8 include rods of longitudinal reinforcement connected by transverse clamps 9:

upper 10, lower 11 and a shortened middle 12, placed above the supporting surface 13 of the console 6, and the anchored rod 14 with a limb. Additional frames 8 are vertically mounted in the frontal end sections of the plate 3 in the spaces between the voids 15, with the exception of those in which the prestressed rod 7 and the loop 16 with the lower reinforced belt are simultaneously located. The prestressed rod 7 is bounded by the walls of the undercut-recess 5.

To maintain the bearing capacity and strength of the crossbars 2 made of a reduced cross section, additional rods 18 of longitudinal working reinforcement are included in the reinforcing cage 17.

Prefabricated reinforced concrete frame of the building with overlapping of multi-hollow slabs allows to obtain premises, mainly residential buildings, with a free floor plan.

Claims (8)

1. Prefabricated reinforced concrete frame of the building with an overlapping of multi-hollow plates, containing crossbars installed on the supporting elements of the columns with shelves for supporting the floor slabs, characterized in that the floor slabs are molded with undercuts-recesses, forming console plates for supporting against the shelves on two opposite ends of the slab bolt, while the height of the shelves of the bolt is made in proportion to the depth in the thickness of the plate mating with the shelf undercut-notches. 2. The frame according to claim 1, characterized in that the plate consoles are reinforced with additional reinforcing frames made in the form of welded grids, including rods of longitudinal reinforcement connected by transverse clamps: upper, lower and middle, made shortened and placed above the supporting surface of the console, and anchored rod with a bend, the gratings are vertically installed in the frontal sections of the slab in hollow spaces, with the exception of those in which the prestressed rod and I with a lower reinforced belt, wherein the prestressed rod-limited undercut walls of the recesses. 3. The frame according to claim 1, characterized in that the crossbars are hardened by the inclusion of additional rods of longitudinal working reinforcement in the reinforcing cage. 4. The frame according to claim 1, characterized in that the undercut-notches are made at half the thickness of the plate. 5. The frame according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the crossbars, columns and floor slabs are made on equipment used for the production of serial structural elements, preferably series 1.020. 6. The frame according to claim 5, characterized in that the floor slabs and crossbars are molded in a commonly used formwork by installing inserts in it. 7. The frame according to claim 6, characterized in that the liner for forming undercuts-recesses of the multi-hollow slab is made in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped with grooves for working reinforcement in the lower part, and the ends and the top repeating the configuration of the hollow formers. 8. The frame according to claim 6, characterized in that the liner for forming the crossbars is made overlapping the bottom of the formwork with a decrease in its height along the entire length.