RU46733U1 - TANKER-BULK FOR BULK CARGOES (OPTIONS) - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to shipbuilding, in particular to the construction of hulls of tankers (vessels for bulk cargoes). A tanker — a bulk carrier vessel according to both variants of the utility model, contains a hull with a bottom, sides, upper deck, cargo area, with transverse watertight bulkheads forming frames, waterproof compartments, sterns, aft with an aft deck forming a superstructure, a bulbous bow and an inclined bow. The hull of the tanker is equipped with a second bottom and ballast tanks and is equipped with a tank forming the superstructure, and the stern is made with transom and stern. The tanker contains a machine-boiler compartment, a power plant, cargo equipment, ship devices, including a propeller, steering, anchor and mooring-towing devices and ship systems. At least part of the transverse watertight bulkheads is made of corrugated construction with a foundation and is supported, at least partially, on frames, at least part of which is made frame. The cargo area contains cargo tanks located at least over most of its length, having a vertical fence consisting of longitudinal and transverse bulkheads, a bottom and a roof. The sides, at least over most of the length of the cargo area, are double and each contain an external and internal bulkhead, forming an inter-side space divided by the height of at least the upper and lower inter-side platforms, and the internal bulkhead of each side is structurally aligned with longitudinal bulkhead of at least part of the cargo tanks, and, in addition, these longitudinal bulkheads of cargo tanks are made of a flat design on the side facing the internal volume of the cargo ankh, a set location within mezhdubortnom space. Cargo tanks are placed on the port side and starboard side, preferably symmetrically with respect to the diametrical plane of the tanker, pairwise separated

a middle longitudinal bulkhead of the corrugated structure with, preferably, a vertical arrangement of corrugations. The roof, at least for most cargo tanks, is structurally combined with the upper deck and is made with a flat skin facing the internal volume of the cargo tank and a set located on top of the upper deck. The technical result provided by the utility model is to increase the efficiency of the vessel by reducing the material consumption of the vessel and the cost of its operation, as well as increasing the durability and survivability of the vessel due to the optimal hull structure developed in the utility model, which improves the stability of the vessel in normal and extreme situations and an increase in the strength of the casing under the influence of static and dynamic loads, namely due to the optimal reinforcement of the internal and external bulkhead bulkheads, combining tank structures and ship bulkheads, structural design of the longitudinal and transverse bulkheads of the vessel, providing in combination the optimal operation of the tanks, cargo compartment of the vessel and the vessel as a whole.

Description

The utility model relates to shipbuilding, in particular to the design of tankers - vessels for bulk cargoes.

A tanker is known from the prior art, comprising a hull with sides and a deck. In order to improve cross-country ability, fire safety and simplify cleaning, the lower part of the sides is made elastic. The housing is equipped with a movable bottom mounted with the possibility of vertical movement relative to the sides. (SU 880870, 11/15/1981, B 63 V 25/08).

Also known is a tanker - an oil loading vessel, comprising a hull with cargo tanks and a cargo system, including cargo and cleaning pumps with suction and pressure pipelines, as well as bulk pipelines connected to cargo tanks. (SU 1191353, 11/15/1985, B 63 V 25/12).

Known tanker, which is designed for oil transportation and oncoming traffic. The tanker is structurally made in the form of a self-propelled dock type vessel, in the dock chamber of which there is a non-self-propelled bulk barge. The fore end of the dock type vessel and the aft end of the barge are equipped with a device for their possible coupling into the pushed convoy, where the pusher is a dock type vessel. (RU 2112691, 01/18/1993, B 63 V 35/42).

A tanker is known which is structurally made in the form of a self-propelled dock type vessel, in the dock chamber of which a non-self-propelled oil loading pontoon is installed, the draft of which with empty cargo tanks is less than or equal to the difference between the height of its side and the height of the minimum freeboard. (RU 94027018 A1, 08/27/1996, B 63 V 25/12).

The closest analogue in essence and the achieved result is a tanker - a bulk cargo vessel containing a hull with a bottom, sides, upper deck, cargo area, with transverse watertight bulkheads, frames, sterns forming a waterproof compartments with

forming a superstructure with a pilothouse, bulbous bow and inclined stem (RU 2127206 C1, 1999.03.10, B 63 V 3/08, B 63 V 3/24).

A disadvantage of the known technical solutions is that their structural solution does not provide sufficient emergency stability, which reduces the survivability, durability of the vessel, which in turn leads to additional costs during operation.

The objective of this utility model is to increase the economy, durability and survivability of the vessel.

The task in part of the first option is solved due to the fact that the tanker is a bulk cargo vessel containing a hull with a bottom, sides, upper deck, cargo area, with transverse waterproof bulkheads forming waterproof compartments, frames, aft with a feed cutting forming a superstructure, bulb-shaped according to a useful model, the tanker’s hull is equipped with a second bottom and ballast tanks and is equipped with a tank forming a superstructure, and the stern is made with transom and stern, etc. this tanker contains a machine-boiler compartment, power plant, cargo equipment, ship devices, including propeller, steering, anchor and mooring-towing devices and ship systems, and at least part of the transverse waterproof bulkheads are made of corrugated construction with a foundation and resting, at least partially, on frames, at least some of which are frame-mounted, and the cargo area contains cargo tanks located at least over most of its length, having a vertical enclosure consisting of longitudinal and transverse bulkheads, a bottom and a roof, the sides, at least over most of the length of the cargo area, being double and each containing an external and internal bulkhead, forming a double-sided space, divided by height, at least the upper inter-side platform, and the internal bulkhead of each side is structurally combined with the longitudinal bulkhead facing at least part of the cargo tanks, and, in addition, the indicated longitudinal bulkheads of the cargo tanks forks are made of a flat design on the side facing the internal volume of the cargo tank, with

the location of the kit inside the double-hull space, with cargo tanks placed on the port side and starboard side, preferably symmetrically with respect to the diametrical plane of the tanker, pairwise separated by a middle longitudinal bulkhead of the corrugated structure with, preferably, a vertical arrangement of corrugations, with the roof, at least in most cargo tanks structurally combined with the upper deck and made with a flat lining facing the internal volume of the cargo tank and a set located on top from the top deck.

In this case, the tanker can be made single deck with aft, preferably five-deckhouse, aft engine room and a shortened tank, while the main hull and superstructure designs are made of welded metal, for example, from shipbuilding sheet steel, preferably of LRA category and profile shipbuilding steel, preferably of category LRA, while the main equipment is installed on metal foundations, made also mainly of shipbuilding steel in of the aforementioned brand, and the cabin is made of metal, preferably from sheet shipbuilding steel of category LRA and corrugated sheet steel, and the deadweight of the vessel with an estimated draft of 35,000-65,000 tons, preferably 47100t ± 10%, and with a draft of summer freight, the deadweight of the vessel is 35,000 -65,000 tons, preferably 47,400 tons ± 10%, and the hull of the vessel has a length of at least 150 m, preferably 182.4 m, a maximum width of at least 30 m, preferably 32.2 m, a side height of preferably 17.5 m, a double height bottom in the area of machine-to Yelnia compartment constituting 1850-2250 mm, preferably 2000 mm in the area of the cargo tank 1900-2550 mm, preferably 2150-2300 mm, Spacing between web frames is preferably 3400 mm.

At least a portion of the watertight transverse bulkheads can be formed by each of the two cargo tank transverse bulkheads adjacent to the middle longitudinal bulkhead and configured with vertically oriented corrugations that are rectangular or quasi-rectangular in cross section for most of the length of the bulkhead and are not equipped with

less than one insert within the width of the cargo tank with a trapezoidal profile of the corrugation, at least the amplitude of the trapezoidal corrugations of the inserts is unified with the amplitude of the rectangular corrugations of the main part of the waterproof transverse bulkhead, and the profile of the corrugations of the middle longitudinal bulkhead of the tanker in the cross section is made mainly rectangular.

At least a portion of the watertight transverse bulkheads may be provided with at least two inserts, each located at the ends adjacent to the sides of the tanker.

At least a portion of the waterproof transverse bulkheads may be provided with at least two inserts located each at the inner ends of the transverse bulkheads of the cargo tanks facing the middle longitudinal bulkhead.

The outer and inner double bulkhead bulkheads, at least in the middle part of the tanker hull, can be made with a longitudinal set, and at least the longitudinal bulkhead bulkhead bulkheads are connected to the inner side structures with a smooth transition, preferably made on a cylindrical surface, and transverse bulkheads of cargo tanks and the middle longitudinal bulkhead are connected to the second bottom and upper deck by unloading local forces of structural elements created in the bearing area, the image of longitudinal and / or transverse sheets supported by ribs and / or diaphragms.

The tanker may contain at least ten cargo tanks and at least two slop tanks, the total capacity of cargo tanks being 36,000-72,000 m ³ , preferably 50,000-55,000 m ³ , slop tanks placed mainly between the cargo tanks, which are extreme along the tank and machine-boiler compartment and their total volume is (2-4)%, preferably (2.5-3.7)% of the total volume of cargo tanks and, in addition, the tanker contains at least ten ballast tanks located in the space of double bottom and double sides in the area of cargo tanks.

To prevent the discharge and possible spillage of cargo overboard along the contour of the upper deck, a shirstrek can be made with its upper edge raised above the upper deck by an amount of preferably from 150 to 250 mm, and a smooth increase over the length of 5 m of the upper edge can be made in the aft deck area shirstreka to exceed over the upper deck, preferably 450-550 mm

Cargo equipment may include at least one electro-hydraulic crane with a lifting capacity of at least 15 tons; at least one electric hoist crane with a lifting capacity of at least 2.5 tons with a maximum overhang of at least 4.0 m, and ship systems include a loading cargo system equipped with manifolds installed on each side and at least one mainly the aft end of the tanker and the pipelines connected to them with shutoff and control valves with liquid flow switches and is equipped with at least submersible pumps with a hydraulic drive with a capacity of preferably 550 m ³ / h, not less than one for each cargo tank, no less than two submersible pumps with hydraulic drive capacity, preferably 200 m ³ / h, at least one for each settling tank, and at least one clean-up pump with a capacity preferably 70 m ³ / h, and the bulk cargo system provides loading and unloading with no more than six, mainly five grades of cargo, including the transfer of cargo from one cargo tank to another; also the loading cargo system provides inertization of cargo and slop tanks due to the inert gas generator included in its composition with a capacity of at least 3000 m ³ / h .; the bulk cargo system includes a cargo heating system, the cargo being heated by deck heaters through the cargo system and steam heating coils located at least in the settling tanks; as necessary, the vessel purges the coils and main pipelines on the upper deck with low pressure air.

To remove gases from tanks during loading, to maintain an overpressure of not higher than 14.0 kPa in them and to prevent the evacuation of tanks below 3.5

kPa each tank can be equipped with at least one high-speed gas exhaust device and a vacuum valve, and the device is designed to ensure the release of gases from each tank at a speed of at least 30 m / s.

The mover can be made, preferably, bronze with a four-blade propeller of a fixed pitch.

The power plant can be located in the stern of the vessel and includes a power plant, electric power plant and auxiliary power plant, while the power plant contains at least one main motor connected by a shaft line to a propeller, preferably a push-pull crosshead reversing low-speed diesel engine with a maximum continuous power of about 8400 kW at 127 rpm. with gas turbine supercharging, with a built-in thrust bearing, the main engine having a damper, a shaft-turning device with an electric drive for turning the main engine and shaft shaft, as well as remote automated control;

starting the main engine is carried out with compressed air with a maximum pressure of not more than 3.0 MPa; the electric power plant includes at least three automated diesel alternators, two of which are 1350 kW each, and the third 720 kW at 1000 rpm. and at least one emergency diesel generator of alternating current power of 200 kW at 1500 rpm, each diesel generator consisting of a diesel engine connected preferably by an elastic coupling and a generator mounted on a common base frame mounted on shock absorbers; a diesel engine drive as part of an automated diesel generator uses a four-cycle non-reversible turbocharged engine with a maximum power of 900-1100 kW with a specific fuel consumption of 188 ± 6 g / kW h, the launch of which is carried out with compressed air with a maximum pressure of not more than 3.0 MPa, and cooling - fresh water in a closed loop; emergency diesel generator drive is carried out from a four-stroke high-speed diesel engine mounted on a common frame with the emergency diesel generator generator;

emergency diesel generator equipped with automatic starter system

launch, triggered by the disappearance of voltage in the ship's network; the auxiliary power plant comprises at least an auxiliary boiler plant comprising at least one boiler, preferably steam with oil heating, with a productivity of preferably 19 t / h at an operating pressure of 1 MPa, at least one recovery boiler with a productivity of preferably 1.4 t / h at a working pressure of 1 MPa; in addition, the auxiliary power plant contains at least one vacuum desalination plant with a capacity of 25 tons / day; an incinerator with a capacity for burning garbage and oil residues of about 50 kg / h, as well as auxiliary mechanisms and apparatuses serving the power plant.

The steering device may contain one semi-balanced steering wheel of a hollow design, for the transfer of which the tanker is equipped with an electro-hydraulic steering machine with two power units, each of which provides for the transfer of the steering wheel completely immersed in water from 35 ° from one side to 30 ° of the other side in full forward gear for a time constituting no more than 28 s, while the area of the rudder working surface is adopted to ensure that when the rudder rotates to the maximum allowable angle, the tanker can exit to the established circus in full forward motion a diameter of not more than 3.5 tank vessel hull lengths along the structural waterline.

The anchor device of a tanker can include two dead anchors weighing preferably not less than 6000 kg each, for example, of the “Hall” type, anchored chains of increased strength, for example, a caliber of 58 mm and a length of (270 ± 50) m each, with storage in chain boxes with self-laying devices for chains, washing and draining systems, while for lifting and returning the anchor anchors on the tank deck, mainly four mooring winches with windlass attachments are installed; the mooring and towing device is equipped with at least twelve mooring, preferably polypropylene braided, with at least eight ropes, preferably with a circumference of 200 mm and a length of at least 190 m each, as well as at least one towing steel rope with a diameter of at least 57 mm and a length at least 200 m and at least two fire steel ropes

with a diameter of at least 38 mm, a length of at least 150 m each, with eight mooring ropes stacked for storage on the drums of mooring winches, and the rest on mounted for this purpose views in cable and deck decks; the tanker is equipped with boat devices and rescue equipment, including at least one discharged type motor lifeboat with a capacity of at least twenty-eight people, one motor duty boat, with a capacity of at least six people; at least two dropable life rafts with a capacity of sixteen people and one with a capacity of six people, as well as two descent life rafts with a capacity of sixteen people, while life-saving appliances include lifebuoys, vests and thermal suits.

Ship systems can include a tank washing system with both crude oil and overboard cold and hot water in a closed and open cycle, and when transporting food, it is possible to wash cargo tanks in port with fresh water received from the shore through the washing water delivery pipeline and separate hoses fresh water intake, for which at least one water pump with a vertical electric drive with a capacity of preferably at least 150 m ³ / h at a pressure of at least 1.2 MPa and cargo pumps is mounted; in addition, the washing system also includes, preferably, single-nozzle hydraulic monitors with programmed control with a capacity of at least 30 m ³ / h at a pressure of 0.8 MPa, preferably installed in pairs in each cargo tank, and the supply of washing liquid to the hydraulic monitors is provided through stationary pipes and when washing with crude oil, along with the pipelines of the washing system, it is envisaged to use pumps mounted with the possibility of cleaning cargo tanks from the washing liquid with the regime “ uhogo bottom "; the tank washing system also contains up to four portable washing machines, for which each tank is equipped with the necessary number of washing nozzles, as well as pipes with end valves for connecting the hoses; in addition, ship systems include fire extinguishing systems, including a water fire extinguishing system with at least two centrifugal electric fire pumps with a capacity of preferably 160 m ³ / h at a pressure of 1.0 MPa and one

emergency fire-fighting centrifugal pump with a self-priming device, pipelines made according to the linear diagram of the fire line for supplying water to hydrants and hoses, while in addition to extinguishing fires and fires, a water fire extinguishing system is designed to supply water to the ejection drains, washing the anchor chains, and irrigation of the boat ; foam suppression system, serviced by at least one fire pump of the water fire extinguishing system, and comprising at least a foaming tank, a foaming agent pump and an automatic foaming agent dispenser through a pressure line with pipelines to the fire monitors and portable foam trunks as well as air-foam stationary apparatus and portable foam installations, moreover, to provide for the possibility of extinguishing fires with foam in residential and office premises, providing there is a jumper between the pipelines of the foam extinguishing system and the water extinguishing system; in addition, the fire extinguishing systems also include a carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system comprising a carbon dioxide high pressure fire extinguishing installation and at least three, preferably five autonomous carbon dioxide stations, the carbon dioxide installation being mounted to protect at least the machine-boiler room and the emergency diesel generator room , incinerator and inert gas generator rooms, and autonomous carbon dioxide stations are installed on the ship to protect the main engine, as well as to extinguish the fire, at least in the flues of the main engine and diesel generators, chimneys of boilers and incinerator; fire extinguishing systems also include a local water mist fire extinguishing system, mainly SEM-SAFE, which protects high-risk areas in the machine and boiler room and includes an electrically driven high-pressure pump with a capacity of mainly 106 L / min, an electric motor with electric heating with a capacity of preferably 24 kW, a fresh water tank, an inlet filter and a sectional valve system consisting of a high pressure selenoid valve and a manual “by-pass” valve, moreover, local extinguishing with water mist is designed for operation in automatic capabilities, remote and manual operation,

at the same time, automatic activation of fire extinguishing is provided from a local fire detection system based on thermal and smoke detection sensors and built into the sectional valve control system;

the system is switched on remotely from the sectional valve control system, and the system is controlled locally from push-button posts located next to the protected object; in the event of a malfunction in the sectional valve control system, the system is activated by opening the “by-pass” valves located at the sectional valves in each section, and the pump is started from the pump starter panel;

the tanker is also equipped with crew life support systems, maintaining environmental comfort in residential, inhabited, cargo compartments and rooms, and systems that ensure the prevention of environmental degradation, including at least seven systems for the preparation, supply and removal of water and technical fluids, moreover their unified dual-circuit domestic fresh water supply system includes piping and at least six electric centrifugal household pumps and two pneumocysts pH, wherein the system commute with desalination plant, with replenishment of freshwater and bactericidal provided apparatus for disinfection of water; the tanker is also equipped with a system for removing wastewater and domestic water, through which these waters are supplied through separate pipelines to a wastewater treatment plant, either to a wastewater tank or overboard; the tanker also has a drainage, ballast system and bilge water treatment system, while the first two of them contain at least two drainage and one ballast self-priming centrifugal electric pumps, as well as at least three reciprocating drainage pumps of a known type and three drainage ejectors; Bilge water cleaning system comprises two collecting bilge water tank, through the pump commute with bilge water separator, providing clean water from the oil to a content of a discharged overboard water of not more than 15 million ^-1 and discharging the separated oil residues imparted provided with separator collecting tank oil residues; the tanker is also equipped with steam heating systems,

household steam supply, heating liquids and steaming, in addition, the vessel is equipped with air supply and removal systems, cooling and air conditioning, including a technical system for compressing and supplying compressed air to consumers, general ship ventilation systems, machine and boiler room ventilation, air conditioning, refrigeration systems air conditioning system and provision storerooms.

The task in part of the second option is solved due to the fact that the tanker is a bulk vessel containing a hull with a bottom, sides, upper deck, cargo area, with transverse watertight bulkheads forming waterproof compartments, frames, aft with a feed cutting forming a superstructure, bulb-shaped according to a utility model, the cargo area contains, preferably symmetrically with respect to the diametrical plane of the tanker, on the port side and port side, at least at least for most of its length, cargo tanks having a vertical guard consisting of longitudinal and transverse bulkheads flat on the cargo tank side, bottom and roof, are pairwise divided by a medium longitudinal bulkhead of the corrugated structure with preferably vertical corrugation and the roof of the cargo tank structurally combined with the upper deck and made with a flat lining facing the internal volume of the cargo tank and a set located on top of the upper deck, with each side of the soda They squeeze the outer and inner bulkheads, forming the double-sided space, divided by the height of at least the upper and lower double-sided platforms, and the internal bulkhead of each side is structurally combined with the longitudinal bulkhead facing at least part of the cargo tanks, and, in addition , the specified longitudinal bulkheads of cargo tanks are made of a flat design with the location of the set inside the double-hull space.

The tanker can be made single deck with aft, preferably five-deckhouse, the tanker body is equipped with a second bottom and ballast tanks and equipped with a shortened tank forming the superstructure, and the feed is made with transom and stern, in addition, to prevent discharge and

a possible spill of cargo overboard along the contour of the upper deck is made shirstrek with the rise of its upper edge above the upper deck by an amount of preferably from 150 to 250 mm, and in the area of the aft cabin made a smooth increase over a length of 5 m of the upper edge of the shirstrek to exceed above the upper deck, preferably 450-550 mm, while the tanker contains a machine-boiler compartment located in the stern, a power plant, cargo equipment, ship devices, including a propeller, steering, anchor and mooring-towing structures and ship systems, moreover, at least part of the transverse watertight bulkheads is made of corrugated structure, supported on frames, at least part of which is made of frames, and the propulsor is made, preferably, of bronze with a four-blade propeller of a fixed pitch, while the main hull and superstructure constructions are made of welded metal, for example, from shipbuilding sheet steel, preferably of category LRA and profile shipbuilding steel, preferably of category LRA, while the main equipment is installed on metal foundations, also made mainly of shipbuilding steel of the aforementioned grade, and the felling is made of metal, preferably, of sheet shipbuilding steel of category LRA and corrugated sheet steel, and the vessel has a deadweight of calculated draft of 35000-65000 t, preferably 47100 t ± 10%, and with a draft of summer freight, the deadweight of the vessel is 35000-65000 t, preferably 47400 t ± 10%, and the hull has a length of at least 150 m, preferably 182.4 m, the greatest width is not less than 30 m, preferably 32.2 m, the side height is preferably 17.5 m, the height of the double bottom in the area of the machine-boiler compartment is 1850-2250 mm, preferably 2000 mm, in the area of cargo tanks 1900- 2550 mm, preferably 2150-2300 mm, and the gap between the frame frames is preferably 3400 mm.

At least waterproof transverse bulkheads can be made with vertically oriented corrugations, rectangular or quasi-rectangular in cross section over most of the length of the bulkhead and each equipped with at least one, mainly two inserts,

each placed at the ends of the bulkhead adjacent to the sides of the tanker with a trapezoidal profile of the corrugation, and at least the amplitude of the trapezoidal corrugations of the inserts is unified with the amplitude of the rectangular corrugations of the main part of the bulkhead, and the profile of the corrugations of the middle longitudinal bulkhead of the tanker in the cross section is made mainly rectangular .

The outer and inner bulkhead bulkheads, at least in the middle part of the tanker hull, can be made with a longitudinal set, and at least the longitudinal bulkhead bulkheads are connected to the inner side structures with a smooth transition, preferably made on a cylindrical surface, and the transverse bulkheads of cargo tanks and the middle longitudinal bulkhead are connected to the second bottom and upper deck by unloading local forces of structural elements created in the bearing area, ovannyh longitudinal and / or transverse sheets backed by ribs and / or diaphragms.

The tanker may contain at least ten cargo tanks and at least two slop tanks, the total capacity of cargo tanks being 36,000-72,000 m ³ , preferably 50,000-55,000 m ³ , slop tanks placed mainly between the cargo tanks, which are extreme along the tank and machine-boiler compartment and their total volume is (2-4)%, preferably (2.5-3.7)% of the total volume of cargo tanks and, in addition, the tanker contains at least ten ballast tanks located in the space of double bottom and double sides in the area of cargo tanks.

Cargo equipment may include at least one electro-hydraulic crane with a lifting capacity of at least 15 tons, and at least one electric hoisting crane with a lifting capacity of at least 2.5 tons with a maximum overhang of at least 4.0 m, and ship systems include bulk cargo system equipped with manifolds installed at each side and at least at one of the aft ends of the tanker and pipelines connected to them with shutoff and control valves with liquid flow switches call and

equipped with at least hydraulic submersible pumps with a capacity of preferably 550 m ³ / h, at least one for each cargo tank, at least two hydraulic submersible pumps with a capacity of preferably 200 m ³ / h, not less than one for each sludge tank, and not less than one clean-up pump with a capacity of preferably 70 m ³ / h, and the loading cargo system provides loading and unloading operations with at least six, mainly five grades gru for, including the transfer of cargo from one tank to another; also the loading cargo system provides inertization of cargo and slop tanks due to the inert gas generator included in its composition with a capacity of at least 3000 m ³ / h .; the loading cargo system includes a cargo heating system, and cargo heating is carried out by deck heaters through the cargo system and steam heating coils located at least in the settling tanks, while, when necessary, the vessel is flushed with air coils and main pipelines on the open upper deck low pressure; for the removal of gases from tanks during loading, maintaining an overpressure of not higher than 14.0 kPa in them and preventing evacuation of tanks below 3.5 kPa, each tank is equipped with at least one high-speed gas exhaust device and a vacuum valve, and the device is designed to release gases from each tank with a speed of at least 30 m / s.

The power plant can be located in the stern of the vessel and includes a power plant, electric power plant and auxiliary power plant, while the power plant contains at least one main engine connected by a water supply to the propeller, preferably a push-pull crosshead reversing low-speed diesel engine with a maximum continuous power of about 8400 kW at 127 rpm. with gas turbine supercharging, with a built-in thrust bearing, the main engine having a damper, a shaft-turning device with an electric drive for turning the main engine and shaft shaft, as well as remote automated control;

starting the main engine is carried out with compressed air with a maximum pressure of not more than 3.0 MPa; the electric power plant includes at least three automated diesel alternators, two of which are 1350 kW each, and the third 720 kW at 1000 rpm. and at least one emergency alternating current diesel generator with a power of 200 kW at 1500 rpm, wherein each diesel generator consists of a diesel engine connected preferably by an elastic coupling and a generator mounted on a common base frame mounted on shock absorbers; a diesel engine drive as part of an automated diesel generator uses a four-cycle non-reversible turbocharged engine with a maximum power of 900-1100 kW with a specific fuel consumption of 188 ± 6 g / kW'h, the launch of which is carried out with compressed air with a maximum pressure of not more than 3.0 MPa, and cooling - with fresh water in a closed loop; emergency diesel generator drive is carried out from a four-stroke high-speed diesel engine mounted on a common frame with the emergency diesel generator generator; emergency diesel generator is equipped with an automatic starter start system, triggered by the disappearance of voltage in the ship network; the auxiliary power plant comprises at least an auxiliary boiler plant comprising at least one boiler, preferably steam with oil heating, with a productivity of preferably 19 t / h at an operating pressure of 1 MPa, at least one recovery boiler with a productivity of preferably 1.4 t / h at a working pressure of 1 MPa; in addition, the auxiliary power plant contains at least one vacuum desalination plant with a capacity of 25 tons / day; an incinerator with a capacity for burning garbage and oil residues of about 50 kg / h, as well as auxiliary mechanisms and apparatuses serving the power plant.

The steering device may contain one semi-balanced steering wheel of a hollow design, for the transfer of which the tanker is equipped with an electro-hydraulic steering machine with two power units, each of which provides for the transfer of the steering wheel completely immersed in water from 35 ° from one side to 30 ° of the other side in full forward gear for a time constituting no more than 28 s, at

the rudder working surface area is adopted which ensures that when the rudder rotates to the maximum permissible angle, the tanker can exit at full forward speed to a steady circulation with a diameter of not more than 3.5 tank vessel hull lengths along the constructive waterline.

The anchor device of a tanker can include two dead anchors weighing preferably not less than 6000 kg each, for example, of the “Hall” type, anchored chains of increased strength, for example, a caliber of 58 mm and a length of (270 ± 50) m each, with storage in chain boxes with self-laying devices for chains, washing and draining systems, while for lifting and returning the anchor anchors on the tank deck, mainly four mooring winches with windlass attachments are installed; the mooring and towing device is equipped with at least twelve mooring, preferably polypropylene braided, with at least eight ropes, preferably with a circumference of 200 mm and a length of at least 190 m each, as well as at least one towing steel rope with a diameter of at least 57 mm and a length at least 200 m and at least two fire steel ropes with a diameter of at least 38 mm and a length of at least 150 m each, with eight mooring ropes laid for storage on the drums of mooring winches, and the rest on mounted x for this dampers in the rope on the deck and wheelhouse; the tanker is equipped with boat devices and rescue equipment, including at least one discharged type motor lifeboat with a capacity of at least twenty-eight people, one motor duty boat, with a capacity of at least six people; at least two dropable life rafts with a capacity of sixteen people and one with a capacity of six people, as well as two descent life rafts with a capacity of sixteen people, while life-saving appliances include lifebuoys, vests and thermal suits.

Ship systems can include a tank washing system with both crude oil and overboard cold and hot water in a closed and open cycle, and when transporting food, it is possible to wash cargo tanks in the port with fresh water received from the shore through the washing water delivery pipeline and separate hoses fresh water intake, for which at least

one water pump with a vertical electric drive with a capacity of preferably not less than 150 m ³ / h at a pressure of not less than 1.2 MPa and cargo pumps; in addition, the washing system also includes, preferably, single-nozzle hydraulic monitors with programmed control with a capacity of at least 30 m ³ / h at a pressure of 0.8 MPa, preferably installed in pairs in each cargo tank, and the supply of washing liquid to the hydraulic monitors is provided through stationary pipes and when washing with crude oil, along with the pipelines of the washing system, it is envisaged to use pumps mounted with the possibility of cleaning cargo tanks from the washing liquid with the regime “ uhogo bottom "; the tank washing system also contains up to four portable washing machines, for which each tank is equipped with the necessary number of washing nozzles, as well as pipes with end valves for connecting the hoses; in addition, ship systems include fire extinguishing systems, including a water fire extinguishing system with at least two centrifugal fire electric pumps with a capacity of preferably 160 m / h at a pressure of 1.0 MPa and one emergency fire centrifugal electric pump with a self-priming device, pipelines made in linear a fire main circuit for supplying water to hydrants and hoses, in addition to extinguishing fires and fires, a water fire extinguishing system is designed to supply water to drainage floodlights, washing of anchor chains, boat irrigation;

foam suppression system, serviced by at least one fire pump of the water fire extinguishing system, and comprising at least a foaming tank, a foaming agent pump and an automatic foaming agent dispenser through a pressure line with pipelines to the fire monitors and portable foam trunks as well as air-foam stationary apparatus and portable foam installations, moreover, to provide for the possibility of extinguishing fires with foam in residential and office premises, providing there is a jumper between the pipelines of the foam extinguishing system and the water extinguishing system; in addition, the fire extinguishing systems also include a carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system including a carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system of high pressure and not

less than three, preferably five autonomous carbon dioxide stations, the carbon dioxide installation being mounted to protect at least the engine room, the emergency diesel generator, the incinerator and the inert gas generator, and the autonomous carbon dioxide stations installed on the vessel to protect the main engine, as well as fire extinguishing, at least in the flues of the main engine and diesel generators, chimneys of boilers and incinerator; fire extinguishing systems also include a local water mist fire extinguishing system, mainly SEM-SAFE, which protects high-risk areas in the machine and boiler room and includes an electrically driven high-pressure pump with a capacity of mainly 106 L / min, an electric motor with electric heating with a capacity of preferably 24 kW, a fresh water tank, an inlet filter and a sectional valve system consisting of a high pressure selenoid valve and a manual “by-pass” valve, moreover, local extinguishing with water mist is designed for operation in automatic capabilities, remote and manual mode, the switch provided on the extinguishing local fire alarm system based on thermal and dymoizveschatelnyh sensors and section valves built into the control system; the system is switched on remotely from the sectional valve control system, and the system is controlled locally from push-button posts located next to the protected object; in the event of a malfunction in the sectional valve control system, the system is activated by opening the “by-pass” valves located at the sectional valves in each section, and the pump is started from the pump starter panel; the tanker is also equipped with crew life support systems, maintaining environmental comfort in residential, inhabited, cargo compartments and premises, and systems that ensure the prevention of environmental degradation, including at least seven systems for the preparation, supply and removal of water and technical fluids, moreover their unified dual-circuit domestic fresh water supply system includes routing of pipelines and at least six centrifugal domestic electric pumps

and two pneumatic tanks, the system being connected with a desalination plant with the possibility of replenishing fresh water and equipped with bactericidal devices for disinfecting water; the tanker is also equipped with a system for removing wastewater and domestic water, through which these waters are supplied through separate pipelines to a wastewater treatment plant, either to a wastewater tank or overboard; the tanker also has a drainage, ballast system and bilge water treatment system, while the first two of them contain at least two drainage and one ballast self-priming centrifugal electric pumps, as well as at least three reciprocating drainage pumps of a known type and three drainage ejectors; Bilge water cleaning system comprises two collecting bilge water tank, through the pump commute with bilge water separator, providing clean water from the oil to a content of a discharged overboard water of not more than 15 million ^-1 and discharging the separated oil residues imparted provided with a separator tank collection of oil residues; the tanker is also equipped with steam heating, household steam supply, liquid heating and steaming systems, in addition, the ship is equipped with air supply and removal systems, cooling and air conditioning, including a technical system for compressing and supplying compressed air to consumers, general ship ventilation systems, machine and machine ventilation boiler room, air conditioning, air conditioning refrigeration units and provisioning pantries.

The technical result provided by the above set of features for both variants of the utility model is to provide increased vessel efficiency by reducing the material consumption of the vessel and the cost of its operation, as well as increasing the durability and survivability of the vessel due to the optimal design of the hull, developed in the invention, which provides improving the stability of the vessel in normal and extreme situations and increasing the strength of the hull under the influence of static and dynamic loads, and but due to the optimal reinforcement of the internal and external bulkhead bulkheads with internal elements

rigidity, combining tank structures and ship bulkheads, structural design of the longitudinal and transverse bulkheads of the ship, providing in combination the optimal operation of the tanks, cargo compartment of the ship and the ship as a whole.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings, where:

figure 1 is a tanker, a side view with a cross section on the diametrical plane below the structural waterline;

figure 2 - tanker, plan for contour waterline;

figure 3 is a transverse section of a tanker in the cargo area, view of the bow of the vessel;

figure 4 - frame frame, front view;

figure 5 is a fragment of a transverse bulkhead tanker;

figure 6 - deck tank tanker;

Fig.7 - cargo equipment, a fragment of a tanker.

Tanker - a bulk carrier vessel according to the first embodiment, comprises a hull 1 with a bottom 2, sides 3, 4, an upper deck 5, a cargo area, with transverse waterproof bulkheads 7 forming waterproof compartments 6, frames 8, aft 9 with a feed deck 10 forming an add-in , a bulbous bow 11 and an inclined stem 12. The tanker body 1 is equipped with a second bottom 13 and ballast tanks 14 and is equipped with a tank 15 forming an add-on, and the feed 9 is made with a transom 16 and an aftermast 17. The tanker contains a machine-boiler compartment 1 8, power plant 19, cargo equipment 20, ship devices, including propeller 21, steering 22, anchor 23 and mooring and towing device 24 and ship systems. The transverse watertight bulkheads 7 are made of corrugated construction with a foundation (not shown in the drawings) and partially supported on frame frames 8. The cargo area contains cargo tanks 25 placed along their entire length, having a vertical guard consisting of longitudinal 26 and transverse 27 bulkheads, bottom 28 and the roof 29. The sides 3, 4 along the entire length of the cargo area are double and each contain an external 30 and an internal 31 bulkheads, forming between the side space 32, divided by the height of the upper inter-side platform 33. Inside An early bulkhead 31 of each side 3, 4 is structurally combined with

facing it by a longitudinal bulkhead 26 of cargo tanks 25 and made of a flat design on the side facing the internal volume of the cargo tank 25, with the arrangement of the set inside the starboard space 32. Cargo tanks 25 are placed on the left 3 and right 4 sides symmetrically with respect to the diametrical plane 34 of the tanker and pairwise separated by an average longitudinal bulkhead 35 of the corrugated structure with a vertical arrangement of corrugations 36. The roof 29 of the cargo tanks 25 is structurally combined with the upper deck 5 and is made with a flat stitching facing the internal volume of the cargo tank 25 and a set located on top of the upper deck 5.

The tanker is single-decked with a five-decker cabin 10, aft arrangement of the machine-boiler compartment 18 and with a shortened tank 15. The main structures of the hull 1 and superstructures are made of welded metal from shipbuilding sheet steel of category LRA and profile shipbuilding steel of category LRA, while the main equipment is mounted on metal foundations (not shown in the drawings), also made of shipbuilding steel of the aforementioned grade. The wheelhouse 10 is made of metal from sheet shipbuilding steel of category LRA and corrugated sheet steel.

The deadweight of the tanker with the estimated draft is 47100 t ± 10%, and with the draft according to the summer freight mark, the deadweight of the tanker is 47400 t ± 10%.

The tanker’s hull 1 has the longest length of about 182.4 m, the largest width of 32.2 m, side height 3, 4, comprising 17.5 m, double bottom height in the area of machine-boiler compartment 18, amounting to 2000 mm, in the area of cargo tanks 25 2150-2300 mm, and the spacing between the frame frames 8 is 3400 mm.

Watertight transverse bulkheads 7 are formed of each of two transverse bulkheads 27 of cargo tanks 25 adjacent to the middle longitudinal bulkhead 35 and are made with vertically oriented corrugations 37, rectangular or quasi-rectangular in cross section over most of the length of the bulkhead 7 and each equipped with one within the width of the cargo tank 25 insert 38 with trapezoidal profile of the corrugation 39. Amplitude

the trapezoidal corrugations 39 of the inserts 38 are unified with the amplitude of the rectangular corrugations 37 of the main part of the waterproof transverse bulkhead 7. The profile of the corrugations 36 of the middle longitudinal bulkhead 35 of the tanker is rectangular in cross section.

Watertight transverse bulkheads 7 are each equipped with two inserts 38, each placed at the ends adjacent to the sides 3, 4 of the tanker.

At least a portion of the watertight transverse bulkheads is provided with at least two inserts located each at the inner ends of the transverse bulkheads of the cargo tanks facing the middle longitudinal bulkhead (this option is not shown in the drawings).

The outer 30 and inner 31 bulkheads of the double sides 3, 4 in the middle part of the tanker hull 1 are made with a longitudinal set. The longitudinal bulkheads 26 of the cargo tanks 25 are connected to the inner side structures with a smooth transition made on the cylindrical surface 40, and the transverse bulkheads 27 of the cargo tanks 25 and the middle longitudinal bulkhead 35 are connected to the second bottom 13 and the upper deck 5 by unloading local forces created in the bearing area structural elements 41 formed by longitudinal and / or transverse sheets 42, reinforced by ribs and / or diaphragms 43.

The tanker contains ten cargo tanks 25 and two slop tanks 44. The total capacity of cargo tanks 25 is 52970 m ³ . Slop tanks 44 are predominantly located between the cargo tanks 25, which are extreme along the tank, and the engine room 18 and their total volume is 3% of the total cargo tanks 25. The tank also contains ten ballast tanks 14 located in the double bottom space 45 and the space 32 double side 3, 4 in the area of cargo tanks 25.

To prevent discharge and possible spillage of cargo overboard 3, 4 along the contour of the upper deck 5, a shirstrek 46 was made with the height of its upper edge above the upper deck 5 being increased by 200 mm, and in the area of the aft deck 10 a smooth increase was made over a length of 5 m of the upper edge of the shirrek 46 to an excess of 5 mm above the upper deck.

Cargo equipment 20 includes one electro-hydraulic crane 47 with a lifting capacity of 15 tons and one electric hoisting crane (not shown in the drawings) with a lifting capacity of 2.5 tons with a maximum overhang of 4.0 m.

Ship systems include a bulk cargo system equipped with manifolds 48 installed on each side 3, 4, and connected to them by pipelines 49 with shutoff and control valves 50 with liquid flow switches and equipped with submersible pumps with hydraulic drive (not shown) with a capacity of 550 ^m3 / h, one for each cargo tank 25, two submersible pumps with hydraulic capacity of 200 m ³ / h (not shown), one for each settling tank 44, and a stripping pumps produce nostyu 70 m ³ / h. The loading system provides loading and unloading with five types of cargo, including the transfer of cargo from one tank 25 to another. Also, a loading cargo system provides inertization of cargo 25 and slop 44 tanks due to the inert gas generator (not shown in the drawings) included with its capacity of 3000 m ³ / h.

The loading cargo system includes a cargo heating system (not shown in the drawings). The cargo is heated by deck heaters (not shown in the drawings) through the cargo system and steam heating coils (not shown in the drawings) located in the settling tanks 44. As necessary, the coils and main pipelines on the upper deck 5 are purged with low pressure air.

To remove gases from tanks 25, 44 during loading, to maintain an overpressure of 14.0 kPa in them and to prevent evacuation of tanks below 3.5 kPa, each tank 25, 44 is equipped with one high-speed gas exhaust device and a vacuum valve (not shown in the drawings). The gas outlet device is configured to release gases from each tank 25, 44 at a speed of 30 m / s.

Rowing propulsion 21 is made of bronze with a four-blade propeller 51 of a fixed pitch.

The power plant is located in the rear of the tanker and includes a power plant (not shown in the drawings),

an electric power plant (not shown in the drawings) and an auxiliary power plant (not shown in the drawings).

The power plant comprises a main engine 53 connected by a shaft 52 to a propeller 21, a two-stroke crosshead reversible low-speed diesel engine (not shown in the drawings) with a maximum continuous power of 8400 kW at 127 rpm. with gas turbine supercharging, with integrated thrust bearing (not shown in the drawings). The main engine 53 has a damper (not shown in the drawings), a shaft-turning device (not shown in the drawings) with an electric drive for turning the main engine 53 and the shaft 52, and also a remote automated control. The start of the main engine 53 is carried out with compressed air with a maximum pressure of 3.0 MPa.

The electric power plant includes three automated alternating current diesel generators (not shown in the drawings), two of which are 1350 kW each, and the third is 720 kW at 1000 rpm. and one emergency diesel alternator (not shown in the drawings) with a power of 200 kW at 1500 rpm. Each diesel generator consists of a diesel engine connected preferably by an elastic coupling (not shown in the drawings) and a generator (not shown in the drawings) mounted on a common foundation frame (not shown in the drawings) mounted on shock absorbers. A diesel engine is used as a part of an automated diesel generator using a four-cycle non-reversible turbocharged engine with a maximum power of 900-1100 kW with a specific fuel consumption of 188 ± 6 g / kW h, the launch of which is carried out with compressed air with a maximum pressure of 3.0 MPa, and cooling is closed water fresh water. The emergency diesel generator is driven by a four-stroke high-speed diesel engine (not shown in the drawings) mounted on a common frame with the emergency diesel generator generator. The emergency diesel generator is equipped with an automatic starter start system, triggered when the voltage disappears in the ship's network.

The auxiliary power plant contains an auxiliary boiler plant (not shown in the drawings), including one steam boiler

with oil heating with a capacity of 19 t / h at a working pressure of 1 MPa and one recovery boiler with a capacity of 1.4 t / h at a working pressure of 1 MPa. The auxiliary power plant contains one vacuum desalination plant (not shown in the drawings) with a capacity of 25 tons / day; an incinerator (not shown in the drawings) with a capacity for burning garbage and oil residues of about 50 kg / h, as well as auxiliary mechanisms and apparatuses (not shown in the drawings) serving the power plant.

The steering device 22 contains one half-balanced steering wheel 54 of a hollow design, for which the tanker is equipped with an electro-hydraulic steering machine with two power units (not shown in the drawings), each of which provides for the transfer of the steering wheel 54 completely immersed in water from 35 ° from one side to 30 ° the other side in full forward gear for a time not exceeding 28 s. The area of the working surface of the rudder 54 is adopted to ensure that when the rudder is turned to the maximum allowable angle, the tanker can exit at full forward speed to a steady circulation with a diameter of 3.5 hull lengths 1 of the tanker along the waterline 55.

The anchor device 23 of the tanker includes two dead anchors 56 weighing 6,000 kg each of the Hall type, connected to the tanker by anchor chains (not shown) of increased strength with a caliber of 58 mm and a length (270 ± 50) m each with storage in chain boxes (on drawings not shown) with a device for self-laying chains, washing and draining systems (not shown in the drawings). Four mooring winches 57 with windlass attachments are installed on the deck of the tank 15 for lifting and returning the anchor 56.

The mooring and towing device 24 is equipped with twelve mooring preferably polypropylene braided eight-strand ropes (not shown in the drawings) with a circle of 200 mm and a length of 190 m each, as well as one towing steel rope (not shown) with a diameter of 57 mm and a length of 200 m and two fire steel rope (not shown) with a diameter of 38 mm, length 150 m each. Eight mooring ropes laid for storage on drums (not shown) of mooring winches 57, and

the rest on mounted for this view (not shown in the drawings) in cable and deck decks 10.

The tanker is equipped with dinghy devices and rescue equipment, including one discharged type motor lifeboat 58 with a capacity of twenty eight people, one rescue motor boat 59, with a capacity of six people, two discharged life rafts (not shown) with a capacity of sixteen people and one with a capacity of six people, as well as two descent liferafts (not shown in the drawings) with a capacity of sixteen people. Life-saving appliances include lifebuoys, vests and thermal suits (not shown in the drawings).

Ship systems include a tank washing system (not shown in the drawings) with both crude oil and overboard cold and hot water in a closed and open cycle, and when transporting food, it is possible to wash cargo tanks in the port with fresh water received from the shore through the pipeline ( not shown in the drawings) for dispensing washing water and separate hoses (not shown in the drawings) for receiving fresh water. For this, one water pump was mounted (not shown in the drawings) with a vertical electric drive with a capacity of at least 150 m ³ / h at a pressure of 1.2 MPa and cargo pumps (not shown in the drawings). The washing system also includes single-nozzle hydraulic monitors (not shown in the drawings) with programmed control with a capacity of 30 m ³ / h at a pressure of 0.8 MPa, installed in pairs in each cargo tank 25. The supply of washing liquid to the hydraulic monitors is provided through permanently installed pipes (on not shown), and when washing with crude oil, along with the pipelines of the washing system, the use of pumps is provided (not shown in the drawings), mounted with the possibility of cleaning cargo tanks 25 from the washing fluid with the course of the "dry bottom". The tank washing system 25 also contains four portable washing machines, for which each tank 25 is equipped with the required number of washing nozzles (not shown in the drawings), as well as pipes with end valves (not shown in the drawings) for connecting the hoses (not shown in the drawings).

The ship systems include fire extinguishing systems, including a water fire extinguishing system with two centrifugal electric fire pumps (not shown) with a capacity of 160 m ³ / h at a pressure of 1.0 MPa and one emergency centrifugal electric fire pump (not shown) with a self-priming device (not shown in the drawings), pipelines (not shown in the drawings) made according to a linear diagram of the fire line (not shown in the drawings) for supplying water to hydrants and hoses. In addition to extinguishing fires and fires, a water fire extinguishing system is designed to supply water to the drainage ejectors (not shown in the drawings), washing the anchor chains, and irrigation of the boat.

Fire extinguishing systems also include a foam extinguishing system, served by a single fire pump (not shown in the drawings), a water fire extinguishing system, and containing a tank with a foaming agent (not shown in the drawings), a foam pump (in the drawings) and an automatic dispenser (on drawings not shown) supplying a foaming agent through a pressure line (not shown in the drawings) with pipelines (not shown in the drawings) to fire monitors (not shown in the drawings) and portable foam shafts ( and not shown), and the air-foam stationary apparatus (not shown), portable foam unit (not shown). To ensure the possibility of extinguishing fires with foam in residential and office buildings, a jumper is provided (not shown in the drawings) between the pipelines of the foam extinguishing system and the water fire extinguishing system.

The fire extinguishing systems also include a carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system (not shown in the drawings), including a carbon dioxide fire extinguishing installation (not shown in the drawings) high pressure and five autonomous carbon dioxide stations (not shown in the drawings). The carbon dioxide installation is mounted to protect the engine room 18, the emergency diesel generator room (not shown in the drawings), the incinerator (not shown in the drawings) and the inert gas generator (not shown). Autonomous carbon dioxide stations (not shown in the drawings) are installed on the tanker to protect the main engine 53, as well as extinguishing

fire in the flues of the main engine 53 and diesel generators, chimneys of boilers and incinerator.

The fire extinguishing systems also include a local fire extinguishing system (not shown in the drawings) with water fog, mainly SEM-SAFE, which protects areas with a high degree of risk in the machine and boiler room 18 and includes an electrically driven high pressure pump (not shown) with with a capacity of 106 L / min, an electric motor (not shown in the drawings) with an electric heating power of 24 kW, a fresh water tank (not shown in the drawings), an inlet filter (not shown in the drawings) and a system of section valves (n not shown) consisting of selenoydnogo high pressure valve and manual «by-pass» valve.

The local water mist fire extinguishing system is designed to operate automatically, remotely and manually. Automatic activation of fire extinguishing is provided from a local fire detection system (not shown in the drawings), based on thermal and smoke detection sensors and built into the sectional valve control system. The system is remotely turned on from the sectional valve control system (not shown in the drawings). Local control of the system is carried out from button posts (not shown in the drawings) located next to the protected object; in the event of a malfunction in the sectional valve control system, the system is activated by opening the “by-pass” valves (not shown in the drawings) located at the sectional valves in each section. The pump is started from the pump starter panel.

The tanker is equipped with crew life support systems (not shown in the drawings), maintaining environmental comfort in residential, inhabited, cargo compartments and rooms, and systems that prevent the deterioration of the ecological cleanliness of the environment, including at least seven systems (not shown in the drawings) preparation, supply and removal of water and technical fluids. Included in their composition is a single dual-circuit domestic water supply system for fresh water (not shown in the drawings)

piping (not shown in the drawings) and six electric centrifugal pumps and two pneumatic tanks (not shown in the drawings). The system is connected with a desalination plant (not shown in the drawings) with the possibility of replenishing fresh water and is equipped with bactericidal devices for water disinfection.

The tanker is also equipped with a system for removing wastewater and household water (not shown in the drawings), through which these waters are delivered through separate pipelines (not shown in the drawings) to a wastewater treatment plant (not shown), or to a tank ( drawings not shown) wastewater, or overboard.

The tanker also has drainage (not shown in the drawings), ballast systems (not shown in the drawings) and bilge water treatment system (not shown in the drawings). The drainage and ballast systems contain two drainage and one ballast self-priming centrifugal electric pumps, as well as at least three reciprocating drainage pumps (not shown in the drawings) of the known type and three drainage ejectors (not shown in the drawings).

Bilge water cleaning system comprises two collecting bilge water tank (not shown) to commute the pump (not shown) from the bilge water separator, providing clean water from the oil to a content of a discharged overboard water of not more than 15 million ^-1 and for discharge of the separated residual oil products, a tank for collecting oil residues communicated with the separator is provided (not shown in the drawings).

The tanker is also equipped with steam heating systems (not shown in the drawings), household steam supply (not shown in the drawings), liquid heating and steaming, in addition, the tanker is equipped with air supply and removal systems (not shown in the drawings), cooling (not shown in the drawings) ) and air conditioning (not shown in the drawings), including a technical compression system (not shown in the drawings) and compressed air supply to consumers, general ship ventilation systems (not shown in the drawings), machine-boiler room ventilation Precinct 18, air conditioning,

refrigeration units (not shown in the drawings) air conditioning systems and provisioning pantries.

According to the second embodiment of the utility model, the tanker comprises a hull 1 with a bottom 2, sides 3, 4, an upper deck 5, a cargo area, with transverse waterproof bulkheads 7 forming watertight compartments 7, frames 8, aft 9 with a feed cabin 10 forming a superstructure, and a bulbous bow 11 and inclined stem 12. The cargo area contains cargo tanks 25 placed symmetrically with respect to the diametrical plane 34 of the tanker on the left 3 and right 4 sides along its entire length, having a vertical guard consisting of flat sides g a cargo tank 25 longitudinal 26 and transverse 27 bulkheads, a bottom 28 and a roof 29, and are pairwise separated by a middle longitudinal bulkhead 35 of a corrugated structure with a vertical arrangement of corrugations 36. The roof 29 of the cargo tank 25 is structurally combined with the upper deck 5 and is made with a flat skin facing in the internal volume of the cargo tank 25 and a set located on top from the side of the upper deck 5. Each side 3, 4 contains an external 30 and an internal 31 bulkheads, forming an inter-side space 32, divided by the height of the upper 33 and lower 60 between onboard platforms. The internal bulkhead 31 of each side 3, 4 is structurally combined with the longitudinal bulkhead 26 of the cargo tanks 25 facing it, which are of a flat design with the arrangement of the kit inside the double-hull space 32.

The tanker is single-decked with a five-deck aft deck 10. The tanker’s hull 1 is equipped with a second bottom 13 and ballast tanks 14 and is equipped with a shortened tank 15 that forms the superstructure, and the feed 6 is made with transom 16 and aftershaft 17. To prevent discharge and possible spill of cargo overboard 3, 4, along the contour of the upper deck 5, a shirstrek 46 is made with an elevation of its upper edge above the upper deck 5 by 200 mm, and in the area of the aft deck 10, a smooth increase along the length of 5 m of the upper edge of the shirstrek 46 is made up to exceeding the upper deck 5 to 500 mm.

The tanker comprises a machine-boiler room 18 located in the stern, a power plant 19, cargo equipment 20, ship devices, including a propeller 21, a steering 22, an anchor 23 and a mooring and towing device 24 and ship systems. Transverse waterproof bulkheads 7 are made of corrugated structure and are supported on frame frames 8. Mover 21 is made of bronze with a four-blade propeller 51 of a fixed pitch.

The main structures of hull 1 and superstructures are made of welded metal from shipbuilding sheet steel of category LRA and profile shipbuilding steel of category LRA, while the main equipment is installed on metal foundations (not shown in the drawings), also made of shipbuilding steel of the aforementioned grade. The wheelhouse 10 is made of metal from sheet shipbuilding steel of category LRA and corrugated sheet steel.

The deadweight of the tanker with the estimated draft is 47100 t ± 10%, and with the draft according to the summer freight mark, the deadweight of the tanker is 47400 t ± 10%.

The tanker’s hull 1 has the longest length of about 182.4 m, the largest width of 32.2 m, side height 3, 4, comprising 17.5 m, double bottom height in the area of machine-boiler compartment 18, amounting to 2000 mm, in the area of cargo tanks 25 2150-2300 mm, and the spacing between the frame frames 8 is 3400 mm.

Watertight transverse bulkheads 7 are made with vertically oriented corrugations 37, rectangular or quasi-rectangular in cross section over most of the length of the bulkhead 7 and each equipped with two inserts 38, each placed at the ends of the bulkhead 7 adjacent to the sides 3, 4 of the tanker, with a trapezoidal profile of the corrugation 39 The amplitude of the trapezoidal corrugations 39 inserts 38 is unified with the amplitude of the rectangular corrugations 37 of the main part of the bulkhead 7. The profile of the corrugations 36 of the middle longitudinal bulkhead 35 of the tanker in cross section ying rectangular.

The outer 30 and inner 31 bulkheads of the double sides 3, 4 in the middle part of the tanker hull 1 are made with a longitudinal set.

The longitudinal bulkheads 26 of the cargo tanks 25 are connected to the inner side structures with a smooth transition made on the cylindrical surface 40. The transverse bulkheads 27 of the cargo tanks 25 and the middle longitudinal bulkhead 35 are connected to the second bottom 13 and the upper deck 5 by means of the local constructive forces that are created in the bearing area elements 41 formed by longitudinal and / or transverse sheets 42, supported by ribs and / or diaphragms 43.

The tanker contains ten cargo tanks 25 and two slop tanks 44. The total capacity of cargo tanks 25 is 52970 m ³ . Slop tanks 44 are located mainly between the cargo tanks 25, which are extreme along the tank, and the engine room 18 and their total volume is 3% of the total cargo tanks 25. The tank also contains ten ballast tanks 14 located in the double bottom space 45 and 32 double side 3, 4 in the area of cargo tanks 25.

Cargo equipment 20 includes one electro-hydraulic crane 47 with a lifting capacity of 15 tons and one electric hoisting crane (not shown in the drawings) with a lifting capacity of 2.5 tons with a maximum overhang of 4.0 m.

Ship systems include a bulk cargo system equipped with manifolds 48 installed on each side 3, 4, and connected to them by pipelines 49 with shutoff and control valves 50 with liquid flow switches and equipped with submersible pumps with hydraulic drive (not shown) with a capacity of 550 ^m3 / h, one for each cargo tank 25, two submersible pumps with hydraulic capacity of 200 m ³ / h (not shown), one for each settling tank 44, and a stripping pumps produce nostyu 70 m ³ / h. The loading system provides loading and unloading with five types of cargo, including the transfer of cargo from one tank 25 to another. Also, a loading cargo system provides inertization of cargo 25 and slop 44 tanks due to the inert gas generator (not shown in the drawings) included with its capacity of 3000 m ³ / h.

The loading cargo system includes a cargo heating system (not shown in the drawings). Cargo is heated by deck heaters (on

not shown) through the cargo system and steam heating coils (not shown in the drawings) located in settling tanks 44. As necessary, the tankers are purged with coils and main pipelines on the upper deck 5 with low pressure air.

To remove gases from tanks 25, 44 during loading, to maintain an overpressure of 14.0 kPa in them and to prevent evacuation of tanks below 3.5 kPa, each tank 25, 44 is equipped with one high-speed gas exhaust device and a vacuum valve (not shown in the drawings). The gas outlet device is configured to release gases from each tank 25, 44 at a speed of 30 m / s.

The power plant is located in the aft part of the tanker and includes a power power plant (not shown in the drawings), an electric power plant (not shown in the drawings) and an auxiliary power plant (not shown in the drawings).

The power plant comprises a main engine 53 connected by a shaft 52 to a propeller 21, a two-stroke crosshead reversible low-speed diesel engine (not shown in the drawings) with a maximum continuous power of 8400 kW at 127 rpm. with gas turbine supercharging, with integrated thrust bearing (not shown in the drawings). The main engine 53 has a damper (not shown in the drawings), a shaft-turning device (not shown in the drawings) with an electric drive for turning the main engine 53 and the shaft 52, and also a remote automated control. The start of the main engine 53 is carried out with compressed air with a maximum pressure of 3.0 MPa.

The electric power plant includes three automated alternating current diesel generators (not shown in the drawings), two of which are 1350 kW each, and the third is 720 kW at 1000 rpm. and one emergency diesel alternator (not shown in the drawings) with a power of 200 kW at 1500 rpm. Each diesel generator consists of a diesel engine connected preferably by an elastic coupling (not shown in the drawings) and a generator (not shown in the drawings) mounted on a common foundation frame (not shown in the drawings) mounted on shock absorbers. Diesel for

the generator drive as part of an automated diesel generator uses a four-cycle non-reversible turbocharged engine with a maximum power of 900-1100 kW with a specific fuel consumption of 188 ± 6 g / kW h, which is launched with compressed air with a maximum pressure of 3.0 MPa, and cooling with fresh water closed loop. The emergency diesel generator is driven by a four-stroke high-speed diesel engine (not shown in the drawings) mounted on a common frame with the emergency diesel generator generator. The emergency diesel generator is equipped with an automatic starter start system, triggered when the voltage disappears in the ship's network.

The auxiliary power plant contains an auxiliary boiler plant (not shown in the drawings), including one steam boiler with oil heating with a capacity of 19 t / h at a working pressure of 1 MPa and one recovery boiler with a capacity of 1.4 t / h at a working pressure of 1 MPa. The auxiliary power plant contains one vacuum desalination plant (not shown in the drawings) with a capacity of 25 tons / day; an incinerator (not shown in the drawings) with a capacity for burning garbage and oil residues of about 50 kg / h, as well as auxiliary mechanisms and apparatuses (not shown in the drawings) serving the power plant.

The steering device 22 contains one half-balanced steering wheel 54 of a hollow design, for which the tanker is equipped with an electro-hydraulic steering machine with two power units (not shown in the drawings), each of which provides for the transfer of the steering wheel 54 completely immersed in water from 35 ° from one side to 30 ° the other side in full forward gear for a time not exceeding 28 s. The area of the working surface of the rudder 54 is adopted to ensure that when the rudder is turned to the maximum allowable angle, the tanker can exit at full forward speed to a steady circulation with a diameter of 3.5 hull lengths 1 of the tanker along the waterline 55.

The anchor device 23 of the tanker includes two dead anchors 56 weighing 6,000 kg each of the Hall type, connected to the tanker by anchor chains (not shown in the drawings) of increased strength with a caliber of 58 mm and a length (270 ± 50) m each

with storage in chain boxes (not shown in the drawings) with a self-stacking device for chains, washing and drying systems (not shown in the drawings). Four mooring winches 57 with windlass attachments are installed on the deck of the tank 15 for lifting and returning the anchor 56.

The mooring and towing device 24 is equipped with twelve mooring preferably polypropylene braided eight-strand ropes (not shown in the drawings) with a circle of 200 mm and a length of 190 m each, as well as one towing steel rope (not shown) with a diameter of 57 mm and a length of 200 m and two fire steel rope (not shown) with a diameter of 38 mm, length 150 m each. Eight mooring ropes are laid for storage on drums (not shown) of mooring winches 57, and the rest on mounted for this view (not shown) in cable and deck decks 10.

The tanker is equipped with dinghy devices and rescue equipment, including one discharged type motor lifeboat 58 with a capacity of twenty eight people, one rescue motor boat 59, with a capacity of six people, two discharged life rafts (not shown) with a capacity of sixteen people and one with a capacity of six people, as well as two descent liferafts (not shown in the drawings) with a capacity of sixteen people. Life-saving appliances include lifebuoys, vests and thermal suits (not shown in the drawings).

Ship systems include a tank washing system (not shown in the drawings) with both crude oil and overboard cold and hot water in a closed and open cycle, and when transporting food, it is possible to wash cargo tanks in the port with fresh water received from the shore through the pipeline ( not shown in the drawings) for dispensing washing water and separate hoses (not shown in the drawings) for receiving fresh water. For this, one water pump was mounted (not shown in the drawings) with a vertical electric drive with a capacity of at least 150 m ³ / h at a pressure of 1.2 MPa and cargo pumps (not shown in the drawings). The washing system also includes single-nozzle hydraulic monitors (not shown in the drawings) with programmed control with a capacity of 30 m ³ / h at a pressure of 0.8 MPa, installed in pairs in

each cargo tank 25. The supply of washing fluid to the hydraulic monitors is provided through permanently installed pipes (not shown in the drawings), and when washing with crude oil along with the piping of the washing system, pumps (not shown in the drawings) mounted with the possibility of cleaning cargo tanks 25 from washing liquid with a “dry bottom” mode. The tank washing system 25 also contains four portable washing machines, for which each tank 25 is equipped with the necessary number of washing nozzles (not shown in the drawings), as well as pipes with end valves (not shown in the drawings) for connecting the hoses (not shown in the drawings).

The ship systems include fire extinguishing systems, including a water fire extinguishing system with two centrifugal electric fire pumps (not shown) with a capacity of 160 m ³ / h at a pressure of 1.0 MPa and one emergency centrifugal electric fire pump (not shown) with a self-priming device (not shown in the drawings), pipelines (not shown in the drawings) made according to a linear diagram of the fire line (not shown in the drawings) for supplying water to hydrants and hoses. In addition to extinguishing fires and fires, a water fire extinguishing system is designed to supply water to the drainage ejectors (not shown in the drawings), washing the anchor chains, and irrigation of the boat.

Fire extinguishing systems also include a foam extinguishing system, served by a single fire pump (not shown in the drawings), a water fire extinguishing system, and containing a tank with a foaming agent (not shown in the drawings), a foam pump (in the drawings) and an automatic dispenser (on drawings not shown) supplying a foaming agent through a pressure line (not shown in the drawings) with pipelines (not shown in the drawings) to fire monitors (not shown in the drawings) and portable foam shafts ( and not shown), and the air-foam stationary apparatus (not shown), portable foam unit (not shown). To ensure the possibility of extinguishing fires with foam in residential and office premises, it is provided

a jumper (not shown in the drawings) between the pipelines of the foam extinguishing system and the water extinguishing system.

The fire extinguishing systems also include a carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system (not shown in the drawings), including a carbon dioxide fire extinguishing installation (not shown in the drawings) high pressure and five autonomous carbon dioxide stations (not shown in the drawings). The carbon dioxide installation is mounted to protect the engine room 18, the emergency diesel generator room (not shown in the drawings), the incinerator (not shown in the drawings) and the inert gas generator (not shown). Autonomous carbon dioxide stations (not shown in the drawings) are installed on the tanker to protect the main engine 53, as well as to extinguish the fire in the flues of the main engine 53 and diesel generators, chimneys of boilers and incinerator.

The fire extinguishing systems also include a local fire extinguishing system (not shown in the drawings) with water fog, mainly SEM-SAFE, which protects areas with a high degree of risk in the machine and boiler room 18 and includes an electrically driven high pressure pump (not shown) with with a capacity of 106 L / min, an electric motor (not shown in the drawings) with an electric heating power of 24 kW, a fresh water tank (not shown in the drawings), an inlet filter (not shown in the drawings) and a system of section valves (n not shown) consisting of selenoydnogo high pressure valve and manual «by-pass» valve.

The local water mist fire extinguishing system is designed to operate automatically, remotely and manually. Automatic activation of fire extinguishing is provided from a local fire detection system (not shown in the drawings), based on thermal and smoke detection sensors and built into the sectional valve control system. The system is remotely turned on from the sectional valve control system (not shown in the drawings). Local control of the system is carried out from button posts (not shown in the drawings) located next to the protected object; in case of malfunction

in a sectional valve control system, the system is activated by opening the “by-pass” valves (not shown in the drawings) located at the sectional valves in each section. The pump is started from the pump starter panel.

The tanker is equipped with crew life support systems (not shown in the drawings), maintaining environmental comfort in residential, inhabited, cargo compartments and rooms, and systems that prevent the deterioration of the ecological cleanliness of the environment, including at least seven systems (not shown in the drawings) preparation, supply and removal of water and technical fluids. The unified dual-circuit system of domestic fresh water supply (not shown in the drawings) that is part of them includes piping (not shown in the drawings) and six electric centrifugal pumps and two pneumatic tanks (not shown in the drawings). The system is connected with a desalination plant (not shown in the drawings) with the possibility of replenishing fresh water and is equipped with bactericidal devices for water disinfection.

The tanker is also equipped with a system for removing wastewater and household water (not shown in the drawings), through which these waters are delivered through separate pipelines (not shown in the drawings) to a wastewater treatment plant (not shown), or to a tank ( drawings not shown) wastewater, or overboard.

The tanker also has drainage (not shown in the drawings), ballast systems (not shown in the drawings) and bilge water treatment system (not shown in the drawings). The drainage and ballast systems contain two drainage and one ballast self-priming centrifugal electric pumps, as well as at least three reciprocating drainage pumps (not shown in the drawings) of the known type and three drainage ejectors (not shown in the drawings).

Bilge water cleaning system comprises two collecting bilge water tank (not shown) to commute the pump (not shown) from the bilge water separator, providing clean water from the oil to a content of a discharged overboard water of not more than 15 million ^-1 , a

for draining the separated residues of oil products, a tank for collecting oil residues communicated with the separator is provided (not shown in the drawings).

The tanker is also equipped with steam heating systems (not shown in the drawings), household steam supply (not shown in the drawings), liquid heating and steaming, in addition, the tanker is equipped with air supply and removal systems (not shown in the drawings), cooling (not shown in the drawings) ) and air conditioning (not shown in the drawings), including a technical compression system (not shown in the drawings) and compressed air supply to consumers, general ship ventilation systems (not shown in the drawings), machine-boiler room ventilation th compartment 18, air-conditioning, refrigeration units (not shown) of the air conditioning system and provision store.

Claims (25)

1. Tanker - a vessel for liquid bulk cargoes, comprising a hull with a bottom, sides, upper deck, cargo area, with transverse waterproof bulkheads, frames, aft with a stern deck forming a superstructure, a bow-shaped bow and an inclined bow forming a waterproof compartments, characterized in that the hull the tanker is equipped with a second bottom and ballast tanks and is equipped with a tank forming the superstructure, and the feed is made with transom and stern, while the tanker contains a machine-boiler compartment, an energy plant taste, cargo equipment, ship devices, including propeller, steering, anchor and mooring-towing devices and ship systems, and at least part of the transverse watertight bulkheads is made of corrugated construction with a foundation and is supported, at least partially, on frames, at least some of which are frame-mounted, and the cargo area contains cargo tanks located at least over most of its length, having a vertical fence consisting of longitudinal and transverse rock, bottom and roof, and the sides, at least for most of the length of the cargo area, are double and contain each outer and inner bulkheads, forming the double-sided space, divided by the height of at least the upper double-sided platform, and the internal bulkhead of each side structurally combined with the longitudinal bulkhead facing it, at least part of the cargo tanks, and, in addition, these longitudinal bulkheads of the cargo tanks are made of a flat design from the side facing the inner the cargo tank, with the arrangement of the set inside the double-hull space, and the cargo tanks are placed on the port side and starboard, preferably symmetrically with respect to the diametrical plane of the tanker, pairwise separated by a middle longitudinal bulkhead of the corrugated structure with, preferably, a vertical arrangement of corrugations, with the roof at least for most cargo tanks, it is structurally combined with the upper deck and is made with flat skin facing the internal volume of the cargo tank and a set, located on top of the upper deck. 2. The tanker according to claim 1, characterized in that it is single-decked with a stern, preferably five-decker, aft engine-boiler compartment and with a shortened tank, while the main hull and superstructure constructions are made of welded metal, for example, from shipbuilding sheet steel , preferably, category LRA and profile shipbuilding steel, preferably category LRA, while the main equipment is installed on metal foundations, also made mainly from shipbuilding steel of the aforementioned grade, and the deckhouse is made of metal, preferably from sheet shipbuilding steel of category LRA and corrugated sheet steel, the deadweight of the vessel at design draft being 35000-65000 t, preferably 47100 t ± 10%, and with draft on summer freight mark, the deadweight of the ship is 35,000-65,000 t, preferably 47,400 t ± 10%, and the hull of the vessel has a length of at least 150 m, preferably 182.4 m, a maximum width of at least 30 m, preferably 32.2 m, a side height, preferably of 17.5 m, double bottom height in rayo e computer-boiler separation component of 1850-2250 mm, preferably 2000 mm in the area of the cargo tank 1900-2550 mm, preferably 2150-2300 mm, Spacing between web frames is preferably 3400 mm. 3. The tanker according to claim 1, characterized in that at least a part of the waterproof transverse bulkheads is formed by each of two adjacent to the middle longitudinal bulkhead transverse bulkheads of cargo tanks and is made with vertically oriented corrugations, rectangular or quasi-rectangular in cross section for the most part the length of the bulkhead and each equipped with at least one insert within the width of the cargo tank with a trapezoidal profile of the corrugation, and at least the amplitude of the trapezoidal corrugation of the insert inserts Rowan rectangular corrugations with an amplitude of the main part of the transverse watertight bulkheads a corrugation profile median longitudinal bulkhead of the tanker in cross section is formed, preferably, rectangular. 4. The tanker according to claim 3, characterized in that at least a part of the waterproof transverse bulkheads is equipped with at least two inserts, each placed at the ends adjacent to the sides of the tanker. 5. The tanker according to claim 3, characterized in that at least a portion of the waterproof transverse bulkheads are provided with at least two inserts located each at the inner ends of the transverse bulkheads of the cargo tanks facing the middle longitudinal bulkhead. 6. The tanker according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer and inner bulkheads of the double sides, at least in the middle of the tanker body, are made with a longitudinal set, and at least the longitudinal bulkheads of the cargo tanks are connected to the inner side structures with a smooth the transition is preferably made on a cylindrical surface, and the transverse bulkheads of the cargo tanks and the middle longitudinal bulkhead are connected to the second bottom and upper deck by means of unloading local forces created in the bearing area su- elements formed by longitudinal and / or transverse plates backed by ribs and / or diaphragms. 7. The tanker according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains at least ten cargo tanks and at least two slop tanks, the total capacity of cargo tanks being 36,000-72,000 m ³ , preferably 50,000-55,000 m ³ , slop tanks are predominantly located between the cargo tanks extreme along the tank and the engine room, and their total volume is 2-4%, preferably 2.5-3.7% of the total cargo tanks and, in addition, the tank contains at least ten ballast tanks located in space d war bottom and double side in the area of cargo tanks. 8. The tanker according to claim 1, characterized in that to prevent the discharge and possible spill of cargo overboard along the contour of the upper deck, a shirstrek is made with the height of its upper edge above the upper deck rising by a value of preferably from 150 to 250 mm, and in the aft area felling made a smooth increase over a length of 5 m of the upper edge of the shirrek to exceed over the upper deck, preferably 450-550 mm 9. The tanker according to claim 7, characterized in that the cargo equipment includes at least one electro-hydraulic crane with a lifting capacity of at least 15 tons; at least one electric hoist crane with a lifting capacity of at least 2.5 tons with a maximum overhang of at least 4.0 m, and ship systems include a loading cargo system equipped with manifolds installed on each side and at least one mainly the aft end of the tanker and the pipelines connected to them with shutoff and control valves with liquid flow switches and is equipped with at least submersible pumps with a hydraulic drive with a capacity of preferably 550 m ³ / h, not at least one for each cargo tank, at least two submersible pumps with hydraulic drive, preferably 200 m ³ / h, at least one for each settling tank, and at least one stripping pump with a productivity, preferably 70 m ³ / h, and the bulk cargo system provides loading and unloading with no more than six, mainly five grades of cargo, including the transfer of cargo from one cargo tank to another; also the loading cargo system provides inertization of cargo and slop tanks due to the inert gas generator included in its composition with a capacity of at least 3000 m ³ / h; the bulk cargo system includes a cargo heating system, the cargo being heated by deck heaters through the cargo system and steam heating coils located at least in the settling tanks; as necessary, the vessel purges the coils and main pipelines on the upper deck with low pressure air. 10. The tanker according to claim 1, characterized in that for the removal of gases from the tanks during loading, maintaining an overpressure of not higher than 14.0 kPa in them and preventing the evacuation of tanks below 3.5 kPa, each tank is equipped with at least one high-speed gas outlet device and a vacuum valve, the device being configured to release gases from each tank at a speed of at least 30 m / s. 11. Tanker according to claim 1, characterized in that the propulsion device is preferably made of bronze with a four-blade propeller of a fixed pitch. 12. The tanker according to claim 1, characterized in that the power plant is located in the stern of the vessel and includes a power plant, power plant and auxiliary power plant, while the power plant contains at least one main engine connected by a shaft line to the propeller propulsion, preferably two-stroke crosshead reversing low-speed diesel engine with a maximum continuous power of about 8400 kW at 127 rpm with gas turbine supercharging, with built-in thrust bearing, and the main engine has a damper, a shaft-turning device with an electric drive for turning the main engine and shaft shaft, as well as remote automated control; starting the main engine is carried out with compressed air with a maximum pressure of not more than 3.0 MPa; the electric power plant includes at least three automated alternating current diesel generators, two of which are 1350 kW each, and the third 720 kW at 1000 rpm and at least one emergency 200 kW alternating diesel generator at 1500 rpm, wherein each diesel generator consists of a diesel engine connected preferably by an elastic coupling and a generator mounted on a common base frame mounted on shock absorbers; a diesel engine drive as part of an automated diesel generator uses a four-cycle non-reversible turbocharged engine with a maximum power of 900-1100 kW with a specific fuel consumption of 188 ± 6 g / kWh, the launch of which is carried out with compressed air with a maximum pressure of not more than 3.0 MPa, and cooling - fresh water in a closed loop; emergency diesel generator drive is carried out from a four-stroke high-speed diesel engine mounted on a common frame with the emergency diesel generator generator; emergency diesel generator is equipped with an automatic starter start system, triggered by the disappearance of voltage in the ship network; the auxiliary power plant comprises at least an auxiliary boiler plant comprising at least one boiler, preferably steam with oil heating, with a productivity of preferably 19 t / h at an operating pressure of 1 MPa, at least one recovery boiler with a productivity of preferably 1.4 t / h at a working pressure of 1 MPa; in addition, the auxiliary power plant contains at least one vacuum desalination plant with a capacity of 25 tons / day; an incinerator with a capacity for burning garbage and oil residues of about 50 kg / h, as well as auxiliary mechanisms and apparatuses serving the power plant. 13. The tanker according to claim 1, characterized in that the steering device comprises one half-balanced steering wheel of a hollow structure, for which the tanker is equipped with an electro-hydraulic steering machine with two power units, each of which provides for the transfer of a steering wheel completely immersed in water from 35 ° from one side up to 30 ° on the other side in full forward gear for a time of not more than 28 s, while the area of the rudder working surface is adopted to ensure that when the steering wheel is turned to the maximum allowable angle, the tanker will exit at full forward the move to the steady circulation of a diameter of not more than 3.5 body lengths of the design waterline of the tanker. 14. Tanker according to claim 1, characterized in that the anchor device of the tanker includes two dead anchors weighing preferably not less than 6000 kg each, for example, of the "Hall" type, connected to the tanker by anchor chains of increased strength, for example, a caliber of 58 mm and a length ( 270 ± 50) m each, stored in chain boxes with a self-stacking device, washing and draining systems, while for lifting and returning the anchor anchors on the tank deck there are mainly four mooring winches with windlass attachments; the mooring and towing device is equipped with at least twelve mooring, preferably polypropylene braided, with at least eight ropes, preferably with a circumference of 200 mm and a length of at least 190 m each, as well as at least one towing steel rope with a diameter of at least 57 mm and a length at least 200 m and at least two fire steel ropes with a diameter of at least 38 mm and a length of at least 150 m each, with eight mooring ropes laid for storage on the drums of mooring winches, and the rest on mounted x for this dampers in the rope on the deck and wheelhouse; the tanker is equipped with boat devices and rescue equipment, including at least one discharged type motor lifeboat with a capacity of at least twenty-eight people, one motor duty boat with a capacity of at least six people; at least two dropable life rafts with a capacity of sixteen people and one with a capacity of six people, as well as two descent life rafts with a capacity of sixteen people, while life-saving appliances include lifebuoys, vests and thermal suits. 15. The tanker according to claim 1, characterized in that the ship systems include a system for washing tanks with both crude oil and outboard cold and hot water in a closed and open cycle, and when transporting food, it is possible to wash cargo tanks in port with fresh water, received from the bank issuing through conduit washing water and separate hoses receiving fresh water, which is mounted at least one water pump with a vertical electric capacity, preferably at least 150 m ³ / h with a head, at least 1.2 m and trucks and pumps; in addition, the washing system also includes, preferably, single-nozzle hydraulic monitors with programmed control with a capacity of at least 30 m ³ / h at a pressure of 0.8 MPa, preferably installed in pairs in each cargo tank, and the supply of washing liquid to the hydraulic monitors is provided through stationary pipes and when washing with crude oil, along with the pipelines of the washing system, it is envisaged to use pumps mounted with the possibility of cleaning cargo tanks from the washing liquid with the regime “ dry bottom ”; the tank washing system also contains up to four portable washing machines, for which each tank is equipped with the necessary number of washing nozzles, as well as pipes with end valves for connecting the hoses; in addition, ship systems include fire extinguishing systems, including a water fire extinguishing system with at least two centrifugal electric fire pumps with a capacity of preferably 160 m ³ / h at a pressure of 1.0 MPa and one emergency fire centrifugal electric pump with a self-priming device, pipelines made according to a linear scheme of the fire line for supplying water to hydrants and hoses, while in addition to fighting fires and fires, a water fire extinguishing system is designed to supply water to drainage ejectors, washing anchor chains, boat irrigation; a foam extinguishing system serviced by at least one fire pump of the water fire extinguishing system, and comprising at least a foaming tank, a foaming agent pump and an automatic foaming agent dispenser through a pressure line with pipelines to the fire monitors and portable foam trunks as well as air-foam stationary apparatus and portable foam installations, moreover, to provide for the possibility of extinguishing fires with foam in residential and office premises, providing there is a jumper between the pipelines of the foam extinguishing system and the water extinguishing system; in addition, the fire extinguishing systems also include a carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system, including a carbon dioxide fire extinguishing installation of high pressure and at least three, preferably five autonomous carbon dioxide stations, and the carbon dioxide installation is mounted to protect at least the machine-boiler room, the emergency diesel engine room generator, incinerator and inert gas generator rooms, and autonomous carbon dioxide stations are installed on the vessel to protect the main engine, as well as to extinguish the fire at least in the flues of the main engine and diesel generators, chimneys of boilers and incinerator; fire extinguishing systems also include a local water mist fire extinguishing system, mainly SEM-SAFE, which protects high-risk areas in the machine and boiler room and includes an electrically driven high-pressure pump with a capacity of mainly 106 l / min, an electric motor with electric heating with a capacity of preferably 24 kW, a fresh water tank, an inlet filter and a sectional valve system consisting of a high pressure selenoid valve and a manual by-pass valve, moreover, and local fire extinguishing with water mist is designed to be able to trigger the automatic, remote and manual mode, the switch provided on the extinguishing local fire alarm system based on thermal and dymoizveschatelnyh sensors and section valves built into the control system; the system is switched on remotely from the sectional valve control system, and the system is controlled locally from push-button posts located next to the protected object; in the event of a malfunction in the sectional valve control system, the system is activated by opening ″ by-pass ″ valves located at the sectional valves in each section, and the pump is started from the pump starter panel; the tanker is also equipped with crew life support systems, maintaining environmental comfort in residential, inhabited, cargo compartments and premises, and systems that ensure the prevention of environmental degradation, including at least seven systems for the preparation, supply and removal of water and technical fluids, moreover their unified dual-circuit system of domestic fresh water supply includes piping and at least six electric centrifugal pumps and two pneumatic pumps Stern, the system commute with desalination plant, with replenishment of freshwater and bactericidal provided apparatus for disinfection of water; the tanker is also equipped with a system for removing wastewater and domestic water, through which these waters are supplied through separate pipelines to a wastewater treatment plant, either to a wastewater tank or overboard; the tanker also has a drainage, ballast system and bilge water treatment system, while the first two of them contain at least two drainage and one ballast self-priming centrifugal electric pumps, as well as at least three reciprocating drainage pumps of a known type and three drainage ejectors; Bilge water cleaning system comprises two collecting bilge water tank, through the pump commute with bilge water separator, providing clean water from the oil to a content of a discharged overboard water of not more than 15 million ^-1 and discharging the separated oil residues imparted provided with a separator tank collection of oil residues; the tanker is also equipped with steam heating, household steam supply, liquid heating and steaming systems, in addition, the ship is equipped with air supply and removal systems, cooling and air conditioning, including a technical system for compressing and supplying compressed air to consumers, general ship ventilation systems, machine and machine ventilation boiler room, air conditioning, air conditioning refrigeration units and provisioning pantries. 16. Tanker - a vessel for bulk cargo, containing a hull with a bottom, sides, upper deck, cargo area, with transverse watertight bulkheads, frames, aft with forming a superstructure forming a superstructure, a bulbous bow and an inclined bow, forming a waterproof compartment, characterized in that cargo the zone contains, preferably symmetrically with respect to the diametrical plane of the tanker, on the port and starboard sides, at least over most of its length, cargo tanks having a vertical ogre waiting, consisting of longitudinal and transverse bulkheads that are flat on the side of the cargo tank, the bottom and the roof, and are pairwise separated by a middle longitudinal bulkhead of the corrugated structure with preferably vertical corrugations, and the roof of the cargo tank is structurally aligned with the upper deck and is made with a flat lining facing into the internal volume of the cargo tank and a set located on top of the upper deck, with each side containing external and internal bulkheads forming an inter-side space o, divided in height by at least the upper and lower inter-side platforms, and the internal bulkhead of each side is structurally combined with the longitudinal bulkhead facing at least part of the cargo tanks, and, in addition, these longitudinal bulkheads of the cargo tanks are made flat constructions with the arrangement of the set inside the inter-side space. 17. The tanker according to clause 16, characterized in that it is single-decked with a stern, preferably five-decker cabin, the tanker body is equipped with a second bottom and ballast tanks and equipped with a shortened tank forming the superstructure, and the stern is made with transom and stern, in addition, to prevent the discharge and possible spill of cargo overboard along the contour of the upper deck, a shirstrek was made with the elevation of its upper edge above the upper deck by an amount preferably from 150 to 250 mm, and a smooth increase by not more than 5 m of the upper edge of the shirstrek, exceeding 450-550 mm above the upper deck, while the tanker contains a machine-boiler compartment located in the stern, a power plant, cargo equipment, ship devices, including a propeller, steering, anchor and mooring and towing devices and ship systems, moreover, at least part of the transverse watertight bulkheads is made of corrugated structure, supported on frames, at least part of which is made frame, and the mover is made, preferably a fixed-pitch bronze four-blade propeller, the main hull and superstructure being made of welded metal, for example, shipbuilding sheet steel, preferably LRA category and profile shipbuilding steel, preferably LRA category, with the main equipment mounted on metal foundations also made predominantly of shipbuilding steel of the aforementioned brand, and the wheelhouse is made of metal, preferably from sheet steel structural steel of category LRA and corrugated sheet steel, wherein the vessel has a deadweight of 35,000-65,000 tons, preferably 47,100 tons ± 10%, with a draft draft of 35,000-65,000 tons, preferably 47,400 tons ± 10%, with a summer draft rating and the hull of the vessel has a length of at least 150 m, preferably 182.4 m, a maximum width of at least 30 m, preferably 32.2 m, a side height of preferably 17.5 m, a double bottom height in the area of the machine-boiler compartment of 1850 -2250 mm, preferably 2000 mm, in the area of cargo tanks 1900-2550 mm, preferably 2150-2300 mm, and the gap between the frame frames is preferably 3400 mm. 18. The tanker according to claim 17, characterized in that at least the watertight transverse bulkheads are made with vertically oriented corrugations, rectangular or quasi-rectangular in cross section over most of the length of the bulkhead and each equipped with at least one, preferably two inserts, each along the ends of the bulkhead adjacent to the sides of the tanker, with a trapezoidal profile of the corrugation, and at least the amplitude of the trapezoidal corrugations of the inserts is unified with the amplitude of the rectangular corrugations of the main part bulkheads, and the profile of the corrugations median longitudinal bulkhead of the tanker in cross section is formed, preferably, rectangular. 19. The tanker according to claim 17, characterized in that the outer and inner double bulkhead bulkheads, at least in the middle part of the tanker hull, are made with a longitudinal set, and at least the longitudinal bulkhead bulkheads are connected to the inner side structures with a smooth the transition is preferably made on a cylindrical surface, and the transverse bulkheads of the cargo tanks and the middle longitudinal bulkhead are connected to the second bottom and upper deck by means of unloading local forces created in the bearing area ruktivnyh elements formed by longitudinal and / or transverse plates backed by ribs and / or diaphragms. 20. The tanker according to claim 17, characterized in that it contains at least ten cargo tanks and at least two slop tanks, the total capacity of cargo tanks being 36,000-72,000 m ³ , preferably 50,000-55,000 m ³ , slop the tanks are predominantly located between the outermost cargo tanks and the engine room and their total volume is 2-4%, preferably 2.5-3.7% of the total volume of cargo tanks and, in addition, the tanker contains at least ten ballast tanks located in space d war bottom and double side in the area of cargo tanks. 21. The tanker according to claim 17, characterized in that the cargo equipment includes at least one electro-hydraulic crane with a lifting capacity of at least 15 tons, and at least one electric hoisting crane with a lifting capacity of at least 2.5 tons with a maximum overhang not less than 4.0 m, and ship systems include a bulk cargo system equipped with manifolds installed on each side and at least one, mainly, aft end of the tanker and pipelines connected to them with shut-off and control valves with liquid cargo flow switches and is equipped with at least hydraulic submersible pumps with a capacity of preferably 550 m ³ / h, at least one for each cargo tank and at least two hydraulic submersible pumps with a capacity of preferably 200 m ³ / h, at least one for each sludge tank, and at least one clean-up pump with a capacity of preferably 70 m ³ / h, and the loading cargo system provides loading and unloading with at least six, predominantly, with five types of cargo, including the transfer of cargo from one tank to another; also the loading cargo system provides inertization of cargo and slop tanks due to the inert gas generator included in its composition with a capacity of at least 3000 m ³ / h; the loading cargo system includes a cargo heating system, and cargo heating is carried out by deck heaters through the cargo system and steam heating coils located at least in the settling tanks, while, when necessary, the vessel is flushed with air coils and main pipelines on the open upper deck low pressure; for the removal of gases from tanks during loading, maintaining an overpressure of not higher than 14.0 kPa in them and preventing the evacuation of tanks below 3.5 kPa, each tank is equipped with at least one high-speed gas exhaust device and a vacuum valve, and the device is designed to release gases from each tank with a speed of at least 30 m / s. 22. The tanker according to claim 17, characterized in that the power plant is located in the stern of the vessel and includes a power plant, power plant and auxiliary power plant, while the power plant contains at least one connected by a main shaft to a propeller propeller, preferably a two-stroke crosshead reversing low-speed diesel engine with a maximum continuous power of about 8400 kW at 127 rpm with gas turbine supercharging, with built-in thrust bearing, wherein the main motor has a damper BARRING device with electric drive for turning the main engine and shafting, as well as remote automated control; starting the main engine is carried out with compressed air with a maximum pressure of not more than 3.0 MPa; the electric power plant includes at least three automated alternating current diesel generators, two of which are 1350 kW each, and the third 720 kW at 1000 rpm and at least one emergency 200 kW alternating diesel generator at 1500 rpm, wherein each diesel generator consists of a diesel engine connected preferably by an elastic coupling and a generator mounted on a common base frame mounted on shock absorbers; a diesel engine drive as part of an automated diesel generator uses a four-cycle non-reversible turbocharged engine with a maximum power of 900-1100 kW with a specific fuel consumption of 188 ± 6 g / kWh, the launch of which is carried out with compressed air with a maximum pressure of not more than 3.0 MPa, and cooling - fresh water in a closed loop; emergency diesel generator drive is carried out from a four-stroke high-speed diesel engine mounted on a common frame with the emergency diesel generator generator; emergency diesel generator is equipped with an automatic starter start system, triggered by the disappearance of voltage in the ship network; the auxiliary power plant comprises at least an auxiliary boiler plant comprising at least one boiler, preferably steam with oil heating, with a productivity of preferably 19 t / h at an operating pressure of 1 MPa, at least one recovery boiler with a productivity of preferably 1.4 t / h at a working pressure of 1 MPa; in addition, the auxiliary power plant contains at least one vacuum desalination plant with a capacity of 25 tons / day; an incinerator with a capacity for burning garbage and oil residues of about 50 kg / h, as well as auxiliary mechanisms and apparatuses serving the power plant. 23. The tanker according to claim 17, characterized in that the steering device comprises one half-balanced steering wheel of a hollow structure, for which the tanker is equipped with an electro-hydraulic steering machine with two power units, each of which provides for the transfer of the steering wheel completely immersed in water from 35 ° from one side up to 30 ° on the other side in full forward gear for a time of not more than 28 s, while the area of the rudder working surface is adopted to ensure that when the steering wheel is turned to the maximum allowable angle, the tanker will exit at full forward we go on a steady circulation with a diameter of not more than 3.5 tank vessel hull lengths along the constructive waterline. 24. Tanker according to claim 17, characterized in that the anchor device of the tanker includes two dead anchors weighing preferably not less than 6000 kg each, for example, of the “Hall” type, with anchor chains of increased strength, for example, 58 mm caliber and length (270) ± 50) m each, stored in chain boxes with a self-stacking device, washing and draining systems, while for lifting and returning the anchors on the tank deck, mainly four mooring winches with windlass attachments are installed; the mooring and towing device is equipped with at least twelve mooring, preferably polypropylene braided, at least eight-strand ropes, preferably with a circumference of 200 mm and a length of at least 190 m each, as well as at least one towing steel rope with a diameter of at least 57 mm and a length of at least 200 m and at least two fire steel ropes with a diameter of at least 38 mm and a length of at least 150 m each, with eight mooring ropes laid for storage on the drums of mooring winches, and the rest mounted To do this, the dampers in the rope on the deck and wheelhouse; the tanker is equipped with boat devices and rescue equipment, including at least one discharged type motor lifeboat with a capacity of at least twenty-eight people, one motorized rescue boat with a capacity of at least six people; at least two dropable life rafts with a capacity of sixteen people and one with a capacity of six people, as well as two descent life rafts with a capacity of sixteen people, while life-saving appliances include lifebuoys, vests and thermal suits. 25. The tanker according to claim 17, characterized in that the ship systems include a tank washing system with both crude oil and overboard cold and hot water in a closed and open cycle, and when transporting food, it is possible to wash cargo tanks in the port with fresh water, taken from the shore through the washing water discharge line and separate fresh water intake hoses, for which at least one water pump with a vertical electric drive with a capacity of preferably at least 150 m ³ / h at a pressure of at least 1.2 M is mounted Pa and cargo pumps; in addition, the washing system also includes, preferably, single-nozzle hydraulic monitors with programmed control with a capacity of at least 30 m ³ / h at a pressure of 0.8 MPa, preferably installed in pairs in each cargo tank, and the supply of washing liquid to the hydraulic monitors is provided for in fixed installations pipes, and when washing with crude oil, along with the pipelines of the washing system, the use of pumps mounted with the possibility of cleaning cargo tanks from washing liquid with the provision of regime dry bottom "; the tank washing system also contains up to four portable washing machines, for which each tank is equipped with the necessary number of washing nozzles, as well as pipes with end valves for connecting the hoses; in addition, ship systems include fire extinguishing systems, including a water fire extinguishing system with at least two centrifugal fire electric pumps with a capacity of preferably 160 m ³ / h at a pressure of 1.0 MPa and one emergency fire centrifugal electric pump with a self-priming device, pipelines made in linear fire line diagram for water supply to hydrants and hoses, while in addition to extinguishing fires and fires, a water fire extinguishing system is designed to supply water to drainage floodlights, washing of anchor chains, boat irrigation; a foam extinguishing system serviced by at least one fire pump of the water fire extinguishing system, and comprising at least a foaming tank, a foaming agent pump and an automatic foaming agent dispenser through a pressure line with pipelines to the fire monitors and portable foam trunks as well as air-foam stationary apparatus and portable foam installations, moreover, to provide for the possibility of extinguishing fires with foam in residential and office premises, providing there is a jumper between the pipelines of the foam extinguishing system and the water extinguishing system; in addition, the fire extinguishing systems also include a carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system, including a carbon dioxide high pressure fire extinguishing installation and at least three, preferably five autonomous carbon dioxide stations, moreover, the carbon dioxide installation is mounted to protect at least the machine-boiler room and the emergency diesel generator room , incinerator and inert gas generator rooms, and autonomous carbon dioxide stations are installed on the vessel to protect the main engine, as well as to extinguish the fire, at least in the flues of the main engine and diesel generators, chimneys of boilers and incinerator; fire extinguishing systems also include a local water mist fire extinguishing system, mainly SEM-SAFE, which protects high-risk areas in the machine and boiler room and includes an electrically driven high-pressure pump with a capacity of mainly 106 l / min, an electric motor with electric heating with a capacity of preferably 24 kW, a fresh water tank, an inlet filter and a sectional valve system consisting of a high pressure selenoid valve and a manual by-pass valve, moreover, and local fire extinguishing with water mist is designed to be able to trigger the automatic, remote and manual mode, the switch provided on the extinguishing local fire alarm system based on thermal and dymoizveschatelnyh sensors and section valves built into the control system; the system is switched on remotely from the sectional valve control system, and the system is controlled locally from push-button posts located next to the protected object; in the event of a malfunction in the sectional valve control system, the system is activated by opening ″ by-pass ″ valves located at the sectional valves in each section, and the pump is started from the pump starter panel; the tanker is also equipped with crew life support systems, maintaining environmental comfort in residential, inhabited, cargo compartments and premises, and systems that ensure the prevention of environmental degradation, including at least seven systems for the preparation, supply and removal of water and technical fluids, moreover their unified dual-circuit system of domestic fresh water supply includes piping and at least six electric centrifugal pumps and two pneumatic pumps Stern, the system commute with desalination plant, with replenishment of freshwater and bactericidal provided apparatus for disinfection of water; the tanker is also equipped with a system for removing wastewater and domestic water, through which these waters are supplied through separate pipelines to a wastewater treatment plant, either to a wastewater tank or overboard; the tanker also has a drainage, ballast system and bilge water treatment system, while the first two of them contain at least two drainage and one ballast self-priming centrifugal electric pumps, as well as at least three reciprocating drainage pumps of a known type and three drainage ejectors; Bilge water cleaning system comprises two collecting bilge water tank, through the pump commute with bilge water separator, providing clean water from the oil to a content of a discharged overboard water of not more than 15 million ^-1 and discharging the separated oil residues imparted provided with a separator tank collection of oil residues; the tanker is also equipped with steam heating, household steam supply, liquid heating and steaming systems, in addition, the ship is equipped with air supply and removal systems, cooling and air conditioning, including a technical system for compressing and supplying compressed air to consumers, general ship ventilation systems, machine and machine ventilation boiler room, air conditioning, air conditioning refrigeration units and provisioning pantries.