RU30304U1 - Wheel of a rolling stock, tool, tool contact element, device, wheel-turning machine for vibratory rolling of a wheel - Google Patents

Description

Wheel of a rolling stock, tool, tool contact element, device, wheel-turning machine for vibratory rolling of a wheel

The utility model relates to objects of the railway industry, in particular to devices for vibro-rolling of wheels of a railway train, mainly locomotive wheels.

It is known (Instructions on the formation and maintenance of wheel pairs of traction rolling stock of railways. - M., "Transport, - 1988, - 87 s, the necessary pages are attached. Appendix 1) a railway rolling stock wheel containing a rolling surface mated with a fillet and a crest. Skating surface obtained by turning. It is prohibited to roll it with a roller (in order to reduce the roughness of the riding surface).

The disadvantage of this solution is the low wheel life due to significant wear in the fillet area.

As additional information relating to other objects of the utility model, we inform that:

1. It is known (p. 33 of the work: Schneider Yu.G. Operational properties of parts with regular microrelief. - L., Mashinostroenie, - 1982, 248 s, we attach the necessary pages. Appendix 2) tool for vibro-rolling by plastic deformation of the shaft surface comprising a housing rotating around its axis and moving along the axis of the shaft, in which contact elements are mounted discretely in one end section along a cylindrical surface.

The disadvantage of the solution is its unacceptability for processing the fillet of the wheel.

2. Known (ibid. Appendix 2) contact element of the tool for plastic deformation, made in the form of a ball.

The disadvantage of this solution is its limited resource.

3. It is known (Fig. 1d, ibid. Appendix 2) a device for vibratory rolling of shafts containing a shaft rotation drive, a tool rotation drive, a feed drive and an oscillating (according to Fig. 1d, Pv.x-) motion of the tool.

The disadvantage of the solution is its unacceptability for processing the specified wheel.

4. It is known (Bogdanov A.F., Chursin V.G. Operation and repair of wheelsets of cars. - M., "Transport, 1985., - 187 s, the necessary pages are attached, Appendix 3) a wheel-turning machine containing a wheel rotation drive and calipers with a mechanism for moving the cutters along the contour (profile of the skating surface, fillet, crest) of the wheel.

The disadvantage of the solution is the lack of means for vibro-rolling the wheel on it.

71J IPC

skiing) of a hardened layer of metal and a microrelief (holes) that can hold grease.

Hardening of the surface layer of metal on the wheel occurs due to plastic deformation (hardening effect). The presence of a microrelief (regular) in the form of holes makes it possible to contain microvolumes of grease in them (laid occasionally or used from lubrication - lubrication of rails), which reduces friction (and wear of the wheel and rail) in a pair of wheel-rail, especially when passing curved sections of the track.

In FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a vibro-rolled fillet wheel; in FIG. 2 and 3 - fragments of the surface layer of the fillet; in FIG. 4 and 5 - diagram of the device tool for vibratory rolling; in FIG. 6 and 7 - diagram of devices for vibratory rolling wheels.

The proposed wheel is arranged as follows. The skating surface of 1 wheel 2 is connected by a fillet 3 with a crest 4. On the fillet (and the areas of the crest and the rolling surface adjacent to it), the surface layer is hardened, namely, the microrelief in the form of holes 5 (regular or another microrelief) is made by vibration rolling by plastic deformation. The size of the holes, their depth, the nature of the arrangement with respect to each other, the area of vibratory rolling, the degree of hardening of the metal are technological parameters and do not affect the arrangement of the wheel. It is important that the holes are on the most worn sections of the wheel, namely on the fillet (and parts of the ridge and the surface of the ride). For example, in FIG. 2 shows a section of a wheel section with discs 5 of radius h of depth h, discreetly spaced at a distance C, containing grease 6. The surface layer of the wheel metal hardened by plastic deformation is indicated by 7.

Such a wheel works as follows. On the curved sections of the railway track under the action of inertia forces, the contact in the rail-wheel pair is shifted from the tread surface to the fillet. The hardened layer 7 of the metal of the wheel is better (than not hardened, which is available in the prototype) resists destruction (wear, hardness, etc.), i.e. wheel life increases. Over time, the protrusions between the holes wear out (deform) and the grease 6 from the holes begins to lubricate the contact area in the rail-wheel pair. As a result of the presence of lubricant, the friction coefficient decreases and, accordingly, the wear in the pair, i.e. the resource is increasing. Wells are filled with grease occasionally or during contact with the grease on the rail, applied during lubrication of the rail.

A tool is required to apply the holes to the wheel. The fillet contour (radius R) requires the location of the holes 6 along the normal 8. Accordingly, the housing 10 rotating around its axis 9 has a radius (radius RI is comparable with radius R and differs by the protrusion of the contact elements 11) circuit. Contact elements 11 are installed in the housing (movably or motionlessly, in a socket or a channel hole). They are located normally (by normals 12) to the radius RI of the body (and, accordingly, the radius R of the fillet) and along the helical line 13 on the periphery of the body (there can be several helical lines, for example, the first run of line 13, the second run of 14, etc. .).

With the help of fillets and plastically deform the surface layer of the metal of the wheel, creating a hardened (riveted) layer 7 and a microrelief in the form of holes 5. For one revolution of the tool (when the contact elements are located at one run of the helical line), as many holes will be obtained as there are 11 elements on the diameter of the tool , the holes will be located on such a fillet length that is equal to the helix section located at the approach. So, for FIG. 3 it is necessary to have nine contact elements on the helix section.

It is most advisable to have the shape of the contact element (cylinder, cone, etc.) rounded 15 on the side facing the plastically deformable surface of the wheel (fillet and adjacent sections). This rounding can be radial, which will facilitate the fulfillment of the conditions of normal application of the load to the metal of the wheel.

To create a microrelief around the entire perimeter (periphery) of the wheel, a device for vibro-rolling is necessary.

The simplest example of such a device can be a manual rotary action tool (pneumatic or electric drill), on the spindle of which the vibration rolling tool described above is worn. However, this does not give a regular microrelief (the holes should be located naturally in relation to each other).

The device proposed for vibration rolling of a wheel comprises a drive (electric motor, gearbox, spindle) 16 for rotating the wheel, a drive 17 for rotating the tool 10 about its axis (the axis can be rotated at a certain angle φ relative to the wheel pair) and a mechanism for moving 18 of the tool 10 along the interaxal perpendicular ( normal to the fillet of the wheel for Fig. 6). In particular, the rotation of the tool 10 and its movement along the interaxal perpendicular can be borrowed through the kinematic chain 19 from the rotation of the wheel.

The tool works as follows. Set the wheel (or wheelset) in the spindle (in the center) of the installation, give it a BI rotation around its axis. The B2 is rotated by tool 10. By means of a mechanism (transmission of a lead screw-nut, pneumatic cylinder, etc.) 18, tool 10 is brought to the wheel fillet until it touches and a preload is created (deformation force of the metal of the wheel by contact elements 11 (15)). The ratio of the diameters and revolutions of the wheel and the tool allows you to get the desired microrelief from the holes on the surface of the wheel.

It is advisable to carry out the wheel rolling in the process of turning (restoring the profile) of the wheel. For this, a wheel-turning machine may be used, comprising a wheel and caliper drive 20 with a mechanism 22 for moving the cutters 23 along the wheel contour (copying device 24). The machine additionally (independently or on calipers 21) installed tools 10 (with the other or the above-mentioned drive 17 rotation and drive 18 displacement) for vibratory rolling.

Vibration rolling of the wheel fillet is possible directly in the process of turning the wheel, it is only necessary to exclude the movement of the tool 10 along the axis of the wheel or change the angle (p of setting the axis of the tool.

Claims (5)

1. Wheel rolling stock, containing the skating surface, paired with a fillet and a crest, characterized in that on the surface of the fillet and adjacent parts of the crest and the rolling surface of the method of plastic deformation holes are made. 2. A tool for vibratory rolling of the wheel fillet, comprising a body rotating around its axis and contact elements installed therein, characterized in that the body contour is made radial, the radius is commensurate with the radius of the wheel fillet, contact elements are normal to the contour along a helical line on the periphery of the body . 3. The contact element of the tool, characterized in that it is made rounded from the side facing the plastically deformable surface of the wheel. 4. A device for vibrating the fillet of a wheel, comprising a wheel rotation drive, a tool rotation drive, characterized in that it comprises a mechanism for moving the tool along an interaxal perpendicular. 5. Wheel-turning machine, comprising a wheel rotation drive and calipers with a mechanism for moving cutters along the wheel contour, characterized in that additional tools for vibrating rolling of the wheel fillet are additionally installed.