RU173838U1 - Installation for rotating the wheelset of an electric locomotive without dismantling - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of auxiliary railway equipment, in particular, to devices for rotating railway wheelsets for washing, cleaning, flaw detection, surfacing, and heat treatment. A device for rotating railway wheelsets contains a railway track section, across which a rotator is mounted, made in unified design, in the form of two sequential rollers mounted on thrust bearings spaced wider than the rail track, one roller with zmozhnostyu free, and a second forced rotation, while the rollers located between the pushing unit acting force using the jacks to the corresponding wheel rolling circle pairs to facilitate movement in the horizontal plane of the wheel pair. To protect the roller bearings from the passage of current, current collectors are used. Forced rotation of the drive roller is carried out using an electric drive with the ability to control the speed of rotation. To increase the traction of the wheel on the rollers, grooves are made in the form of a recess, repeating the profile of the wheel.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of auxiliary railway equipment, in particular to devices for rotating railway wheelsets for washing, cleaning, flaw detection, surfacing, and heat treatment operations.

In accordance with the Rules for the Technical Operation of Railways of the Russian Federation (hereinafter PTE), each wheelset must satisfy the requirements of traffic safety. Wheel pairs must be inspected under traction rolling stock (hereinafter TPN), ordinary and complete inspection in accordance with the procedure established by the Instruction for the formation, repair and maintenance of wheel pairs of traction rolling stock of 1520 mm gauge railways No. ЦТ-329 (with changes and additions approved by the order of the Ministry of Railways of Russia of August 23, 2000 No. K-2273u) and other applicable directives of JSC Russian Railways. When inspecting wheelsets, it is necessary to check: on the tires and rims of the whole-rolled wheels - the absence of cracks, creepers (potholes), captivity, crushing, dents, spalls, shells, holes, loosening the bandages on the center rim (by hammering), shifting the bandage (according to control marks on the bandage and the rim of the center), limit rolling (limiting height of the ridge) or wear, vertical undercutting of the ridge, loosening of the retaining ring, the dangerous shape of the ridge and peaked, which is a sign of the possibility of a dangerous shape of the ridge. Taking into account the identified defects for the TPS wheel sets, types of repair are established, which are currently mainly carried out with the dismantling of the wheelset from under the electric locomotive due to the impossibility of free rotation of the wheelset when the axle load on the rails is 20-25 tons, with low speeds for such types of processing, such as washing, cleaning, flaw detection, surfacing, hardening, which increases the cost of repair work, the downtime of an electric locomotive for repair and the attraction of additional equipment (for dismantling the wheelset, conveyor meals, etc.). Since the wheelset belongs to the bodies of revolution, there are already ready-made technical solutions in the field of mechanical engineering for the rotation of various structures having a lifting capacity of 1 to 50 tons, in particular welding rotators (GOST-28944, date of introduction 01.01.1992, GOST- 28920, date of introduction January 7, 1996), which presents the main technical specifications and requirements for rotators. However, these GOSTs are intended for standardizing the technical characteristics of rotators used for the manufacture of bodies of revolution. In our case, a wheelset with a load of axles on rails of 20-25 tons as a rotation body must be rotated as part of an already finished product (electric locomotive). In railway transport, the A-41 universal wheel-turning machine (under-rail) is known for turning wheelsets without rolling out from under electric locomotives, diesel locomotives and motor cars in a locomotive depot. Manufacturer Ivano-Frankivsk road-mechanical workshops (Ukraine). Declaration patent No. 115, issued by the State Department of Intellectual Property of Ukraine (www.sdip.gov.ua). When turning the bandage without dismantling from under the electric locomotive on the A-41 machine, the wheel pair is driven into rotation (speed 100-1450 rpm) from the electric locomotive connected to it through a gear transmission. The engine is powered by a special motor generator or static DC converter. So that the wheelset can rotate, the traction motor with it is lifted by a jack 5-10 mm above the level of the rail head. Many locomotive depots use KZH-20, KZH-20M, KZH-20MKH, KZH-20B and KZH-20TF-1 machines manufactured by the Kramatorsk Machine-Tool Production Association for turning bandages without rolling out wheelsets. When turning on these machines, the wheelset rotates (speed 12.5-2000 rpm) from the support-drive rollers, and cutting is carried out by profile cutters with their own drive. Known machines of the type 106 and 106NC of the company "Hegensheydet" KG-Erkelenz Germany for turning wheelsets without rolling out, to restore the profile of the bandage. Machines are designed on the basis of a two-rack bed. To transmit the required torque to the wheel pair, each side of the bed is equipped with a drive system with friction rollers. The axle of rotation of the wheelset are axle boxes clamped by devices for processing. The machine is installed in a specially dug pit on which the vehicle is rolling. A well-known machine for milling bandages of wheelsets of railway rolling stock in the conditions of repair without rolling out (SU No. 307849, IPC V23V 5/04, 01/01/1971), containing input, output and overlapping rails, a bed and a baseline, including jacks, two pairs of rollers interacting with the flanges, and a C-shaped self-aligning frame, on which center headstock with extendable centers and calipers with a cutting tool are placed. The disadvantages of the known machine are low rigidity and reliability due to the uncertainty of the redistribution of forces between the hydraulic suspension and the centers. Low rigidity leads to increased vibrations. A known machine for turning railway wheelsets under the car body (patent SU No. 1471936, IPC V23V 5/00, 04/07/1989), containing input, output and overlapping rails, a bed and a basing mechanism, including two pairs of rollers with movement drives and a movement matching device, as well as vertical support-clamping devices interacting with the outer surfaces of the axle boxes. The disadvantages of the known machine are vibrations in the technological system due to play in the bearings and low machining accuracy due to the error of basing on the surface of the tires of the wheelset and additional displacement when fixing on untreated surfaces of axle boxes. The above technical solutions have common drawbacks: high metal consumption, a large amount of foundation work (a foundation pit is required), the rotation of the wheel pair is carried out both from the traction motor and drive friction rollers in the range of rotation speed of 12.5-2000 rpm, which is not allows at such speeds to perform the operation of flaw detection, surfacing, washing the wheel, because for the latter, a rotation speed of 0.5-20 rpm is necessary.

A technical solution is known in the field of surfacing bandages of electric locomotives without rolling out. "Installation for surfacing ridges" (Kurasov AD Improving the durability of bandages of wheelsets of rolling stock. - M. Transport, 1981. - P. 1356, Fig. 58), including a welding head, power source, control equipment, wheel rotation reducer pairs, cassette for electrode wire, hopper for flux, flux supply hose. The disadvantage of this technical solution is the need to dismantle the wheelsets from under the dump cars. A known method of restoring wheelsets of dump cars and installation for its implementation (RU, No. 2062190 C1, 06/20/96). The device in which this method is implemented includes means for lifting dumpcars, wheel rotation and welding equipment for surfacing wheel pairs. The disadvantage is that the known installation is intended for surfacing wheels only dump cars, because in order to be able to surf the wheelsets of traction rolling stock, it is necessary to additionally jack up the wheel-motor block. A known method of restoring wheelsets (RU No. 2144974 C1, IPC B23P 6/00, dated January 20, 1999). The technical result is achieved by the fact that the known installation for the restoration of wheelsets of railway rolling stock, containing a hanging mechanism of the wheelset, located on the side railway tracks with respect to the main railway track for supplying rolling stock of an electric trolley, on each of which mounted equipment for surfacing wheels steam, including a welding machine with a device for feeding wire and flux into the surfacing zone, a cassette for welding wire, a hopper with f according to the invention, is equipped with a wheel-milling machine mounted on the main railway line directly behind the surfacing equipment, and the wheel pair hanging mechanism is made in the form of a remotely controlled self-propelled electric jack mounted on a movable platform installed by means of springs and guide rods on a trolley with a drive of movement located on an additional railway track ohm within the main railway track for supplying rolling. Significant disadvantages of the technical solution are as follows:

- requires the laying of additional tracks for the movement of equipment (3 strands of track);

- the rotation of the wheelset is carried out through the axis with the removal of the axle box cover.

Known technical solution RU No. 32069, IPC B61K 9/12, 09/10/2003, which is closest in terms of the essential features to the claimed one and adopted as a prototype. Installation for flaw detection of wagon wheelsets containing a section of a railway track, in which each rail has a gap roller rotator of a pair of wheels, and installation-movable flaw detector heads interacting with the elements of the pair of wheels, characterized in that the heads are mounted on a portal mounted above the rotator across the gauge. The rotator is made in the form of two consecutive rollers, one of which is mounted with the possibility of free rotation, and the second - forced rotation, and between the rollers there is a pusher in the form of a forced-rotary eccentric acting on the skating circle of the corresponding wheel of the pair. The rotator is installed in a concrete pit so that the heads of the rails of the inlet paths and the rails of the rotator coincide in level and track. After diagnosis, the wheelset is pushed out of the rotator using a pneumatic device for further maintenance. The maximum mass of flaw detector wheelset, 1250 kg. The frequency of rotation of the wheelset, 4-6 rpm

Significant disadvantages of this device, adopted as a prototype, are as follows:

1) the maximum mass for which the rotation drive and rollers are designed for 1250 kg;

2) the low rigidity of the frame and rollers with an increase in the mass of the rotatable product (25 t) can lead to deformation of the rollers and drive shaft;

3) the need to dismantle the wheelsets from under the electric locomotive;

4) the principle of the pusher in the form of a forced-rotary eccentric acting on the skating circle of the corresponding wheel of a pair with a separate electric drive is impossible when used under an electric locomotive, because you will have to push not a free pair of wheels, but the whole electric locomotive.

Significant disadvantages according to p. 1, 2 in the prototype can be solved by using more powerful roller rotators for welding, designed for a lifting capacity of 20-25 tons of type M61051, M61081, which are produced serially by LLC Gruzopodyem (Russia) www.ruzopodyem.rf. The disadvantage of these roller systems is that the leading and driven sections with the rollers are not connected in a single circuit, are delivered separately and must be located at the same height and on the same horizontal axis, the paired rollers must be strictly parallel to each other, the distance between the centers should be the same. The leading sections with rollers are equipped with separate electric drives that protrude beyond the dimensions of the rail track and will interfere with the movement of the electric locomotive. The base of each section of roller bearings must lie completely on a solid and solid foundation. In addition, in these designs of roller rotators there is no mechanism for pushing the product.

The proposed device solves the purpose of rotation of a wheel pair of an electric locomotive under axle load on rails of 20-25 tf without dismantling it with a rotation speed of 0.5-20 rpm for such technological operations as flaw detection of surfacing, washing, heat treatment.

The technical result obtained due to the goal is achieved by the fact that the installation for rotation of the railway wheelset containing a portion of the railway track, in the gap of each rail which is integrated roller rotator in the form of two successive rollers, one of which is mounted with the possibility of free, and the second - forced rotation, and between the rollers there is a pusher in the form of a forced-rotary eccentric acting on the skating circle of the corresponding wheel, characterized in that the switch is made in a single version, in the form of two consecutive rollers mounted on thrust bearings spaced wider than the rail track, one with the possibility of free rotation and the second of forced rotation, and a pushing unit located between the rollers forcing using jacks on the rolling circle of the corresponding wheels of a pair to facilitate movement in the horizontal plane of the wheelset. To protect the roller bearings from the passage of current, current collectors are used. In order to increase the grip of the wheel in the rollers, recesses are made that repeat the profile of the wheel. Forced rotation of the drive roller is carried out using an electric drive with the ability to control the speed of rotation.

On (Fig. 1) shows a General view of the rotator. A rotator for rotating a wheel pair of an electric locomotive without dismantling is structurally integrated into a single circuit:

1 - roller rotators (2 pcs);

2 - bearing units (4 pcs);

4 - electric drive;

5 - a protective casing;

6, 11 - metal base;

7 - support for the rail;

8 - groove on rollers;

9 - connecting shaft of the pusher mechanism;

10 - pusher (pushing unit).

The essence of the rotator is as follows. The rotator is installed in a concrete pit so that the rail heads (Fig. 1, pos. 2) of the inlet paths and the rotator rollers (Fig. 1, pos. 1) coincide in level and count. An electric locomotive, at low speed, rolls onto the rotator rollers and is fixed in the inter-roller cavity formed from the rollers. The wheelset of the electric locomotive over the rolling surface and the ridge of the bandage is tightly pressed to the rollers of the rotator providing maximum traction, because in the latter a groove is made that repeats the profile of the wheel (Fig. 1, pos. 8). The standard traction motor of an electric locomotive is turned off and the electric drive of rotation of the drive roller of the rotator is turned on (Fig. 1, item 4), on which the required rotation is set for such technological operations as flaw detection, surfacing, washing, heat treatment in the range of often wheel rotation of 0.5-20 rev / min (using an electric drive with the ability to control rotation speed). After the technological operation is completed, the electric locomotive rolls over. The jacks are located, located on both sides of the pusher assemblies of the rotator (Fig. 1, item 10), which lift the wheelset from the inter-roller recess up to the level of the rail head. The standard traction motor for rotating the wheelset of the electric locomotive is turned on and it rolls down from the pusher onto the rail track. Next, the jacks are turned on and the pushers return to their original lower position. An electric locomotive rolls further under its own power, and a new wheelset rolls onto the rotator. Subsequently, the entire cycle is repeated.

The technical result obtained due to the goal is achieved by the fact that the device is mounted directly in the main path (across the path), without interfering with the movement into the concrete pit so that the rail heads of the inlet paths and rotator rollers coincide in level and rut. Instead of four separate rollers, two integral rollers are used, placed in bearing units spaced wider than the rail track, which creates a high margin of structural rigidity under static load. As a result, there is no need for a solid foundation, as in the cases described in the analogues. The groove in the rollers, repeating the profile of the wheel, provides tight adhesion of the skiing strip and the crest of the bandage to the surface of the rollers. The electric drive generates a torque of at least 4600 N * m on the axis of rotation of the drive roller. The pushing unit does not require additional complex electric drives, but operates from a standard jack with a lifting capacity of at least 16 tons.

To carry out surfacing, hardening, heat treatment operations on the proposed rotator in order to protect the rotary roller bearings and the wheel pair from the passage of current, current-conducting devices are used (according to the requirements of the Instruction for the formation, repair and maintenance of wheel pairs of traction rolling stock of 1520 mm railways No. ЦТ-329 with amendments and additions approved by the order of the Ministry of Railways of Russia of August 23, 2000 No. K-2273u).

The obtained technical result has an economic advantage, because for its manufacture, used old-time wheel axles and axlebox bearings intended for shipment to metal, which were discarded from operation at high speeds, but are still suitable to perform their functions at such low speeds of the wheelset and the absence of significant dynamic loads. A comparative economic calculation of the cost of manufacture and foundation work similar to the capacity of the rotators and the proposed is given in table. 1. From table 1 it is seen that the proposed technical solution surpasses the existing solutions to date in terms of technical characteristics, has low indicators: metal consumption, manufacturing costs and foundation work during installation.

The rotator was manufactured and mounted in the locomotive depot Irkutsk - Sorting at the position of hardening of the wheelsets of electric locomotives (Fig. 2). The rotator provides smooth, jerky and uniform rotation of the wheel under the electric locomotive during the hardening operation with a rotation speed of 20 rpm. When conducting ultrasonic inspection of the bandage of an electric locomotive without dismantling, the rotator provides a smooth rotation of the wheelset with a rotation frequency of 2-8 rpm.

Claims (4)

1. Installation for rotation of a railway wheel pair, containing a portion of the railway track, in the gap of each rail of which there is a roller rotator in the form of two successive rollers, one of which is mounted with the possibility of free, and the second forced rotation, and between the rollers there is a pusher in the form of forced a rotary eccentric acting on the rolling circle of the corresponding wheel, characterized in that the rotator is made in the form of two consecutive rollers mounted on supporting bearings pnikah spaced wider track gauge, one roller to be freely, and the second forced rotation, while the rollers located between the pushing unit using jacks acting forcibly on the respective wheel rolling circle pairs to facilitate movement in the horizontal plane of the wheel pair. 2. The installation according to claim 1, characterized in that to protect the roller bearings from the passage of current using current-conducting devices. 3. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that to increase the traction of the wheel on the rollers, grooves are made in the form of a recess, repeating the profile of the wheel. 4. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the forced rotation of the drive roller is carried out using an electric drive with the ability to control the speed of rotation.

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