RU2806430C1 - Method of using citrogypsum as soil for growing plants - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention is related to landscape design. The method includes selecting citrogypsum from dumps at landfills and planting plant seedlings in the selected mass of citrogypsum. After planting, each seedling is watered with 10 litres of water, then drip irrigation is carried out at the root of each plant for a month every two days at night for 4-5 hours at the rate of 0.01 cubic meter of water per plant. After the end of the month-long adaptation of the seedlings, artificial watering is stopped.

EFFECT: obtaining development values of woody and tree-shrub plants corresponding to chernozem.

1 cl, 3 tbl, 1 ex

Description

The proposed invention relates to the field of agriculture, namely to the field of landscape design, and can be used for landscaping areas, for example, for growing trees and shrubs.

It is known that gypsum-containing waste obtained as a by-product during the synthesis of citric acid is stored and accumulated in open landfills, and represents citrogypsum - dihydrate calcium sulfate containing impurities of calcium oxalate, Prussian blue. Therefore, attempts to process waste from citric acid production - citrogypsum - into a hydraulic binder were not successful. This is apparently due to the difference in the crystalline structure of citrogypsum compared to natural gypsum stone. The most acceptable option for recycling citrogypsum is, apparently, its processing into fertilizer - ammonium sulfate (KH ₄ ) ₂ SO ₄ . (article Utilization of citrogypsum waste from the production of citric acid, authors Peristy V.A., Goldovskaya-Peristaya L.F., Prokhorova G.V., Internet link: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/utilizatsiya-tsitrogipsa- othoda-proizvodstva-limonnoy-kisloty?ysclid=lducnkbeqf846418019).

The chemical composition of tsitrogypsum is presented in table. 1 (article Influence of Gypsum-Containing Waste on Ammonia Binding in Animal Waste Composting, authors Voropaev V., Alfimova N., Nikulin I., Nikulicheva T., Titenko A., Nikulichev V., internet link: https:// www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/11/11/1153).

Table 1. Chemical composition of citrogypsum

There is a known method of using citrogypsum for the production of organomineral fertilizer by mixing the organic component in the form of cellular chicken manure and the mineral component in the form of citrogypsum in a ratio of 2: 1 by weight. Moreover, the initial mixing and

The formation of the pile is carried out in an open area with a front-end loader, then the pile is mixed twice using a compost turner, then aeration and self-drying are carried out to a moisture content of 38÷43% with the simultaneous formation of granules by periodically mixing the mixture using a front-end loader while reducing the temperature of the mixture to a temperature of at least 30°C. (WO/2022/086354, publication date 04/28/2022).

It is known to use citrogypsum as part of granular organomineral fertilizer based on cellular chicken manure to increase the yield of corn (patent No. 2757498 dated October 18, 2021), to increase the yield of winter wheat (patent No. 2748766 dated May 31, 2021, to increase the yield of soybeans (patent No. 2747748 dated 05/13/2021).

It is known that it is possible to produce building blocks from semi-aqueous or anhydrous gypsum, including from gypsum waste from chemical production, for example, from citrogypsum dihydrate, which is a waste product from the production of citric acid (patent No. 2778113 dated 08/15/2022).

An artificial soil mixture, chosen as a prototype, is known (patent RU 2735422 dated November 2, 2020), containing waste from the production of citric acid - citrogypsum, as well as clay, diatomaceous earth, biocompost, waste from wet magnetic separation of iron ore, sand. The disadvantage is the complex composition.

However, the above methods do not solve the problem of maximizing the full use of waste accumulated in open landfills in the form of citrogypsum.

In this regard, the search for new directions for using citrogypsum to solve environmental problems and prevent environmental pollution is an urgent task.

The objective of the invention is to expand the areas of use of citrogypsum and create a method for its use as a one-component soil for growing seedlings of trees and trees and shrubs in the formation of landscape design.

The technical result is a solution to the problem due to the fact that it was unexpectedly discovered that the use of citrogypsum as a one-component soil makes it possible to obtain values for the development of woody and tree-shrub plants corresponding to chernozem.

Consequently, the claimed method of using waste from the production of citrogypsum citric acid as a one-component primer meets the conditions of novelty and inventive step.

The method of using citrogypsum as a soil for growing seedlings of trees and trees and shrubs involves selecting citrogypsum from dumps at landfills, planting plant seedlings in the selected mass of citrogypsum, after planting, each seedling is watered with 10 liters of water, then drip irrigation is carried out for a month under the root of each plant two days later at night for 4-5 hours at the rate of 0.01 cubic meter per plant; after the end of the month-long adaptation of the seedlings, artificial watering is stopped.

Examples of using the proposed method.

To determine the survival rate, growth and development of plants, 10 pieces of the following woody plants each - poplar, birch and willow, as well as 10 pieces of a tree and shrub plant - chokeberry were planted in the citrogypsum selected at the test site. For control, 10 pieces of poplar, chokeberry, birch and willow were also planted in the sandy loamy black soil.

After planting, the seedling's trunk diameter, height, flavonoids, chlorophyll, and NBI nitrogen index were determined. Measurements were carried out over 2 months at intervals of once a month. To measure chlorophyll, flavonoids and NBI, a portable flavonoid and chlorophyll meter Force-A series DUALEX SCIENTIFIC was used. The diameter was determined using a caliper, and the height using a rigid folding ruler.

A total of 80 plants were studied. The area of the experimental site is 16 ^m2 .

On the first day, when planting, 10 liters of water were poured under each tree. For 1 month, for adaptation, drip watering was carried out at the root to avoid water getting on the leaves and to avoid the formation of lens drops, so as not to burn the leaves. Drip irrigation at the rate of 0.01 cubic meter per plant for 4-5 hours was carried out every two days at night to prevent strong evaporation of moisture. After an adaptation period during the second month of research, no artificial irrigation was performed in addition to natural precipitation.

The values of the increase in height and diameter of plants during the experiment are presented in Table. 2.

table 2

From Table 2 it can be seen that the increase in height and diameter during the experiment gives identical values for the development of woody and tree-shrub plants both when planting seedlings directly in citrogypsum soil, and when planting the corresponding seedlings in sandy loam chernozem.

The results of measuring the values of flavonoids, chlorophyll and nitrogen index NBI during the experiment are presented in table. 3.

Table 3

Table 3 shows that changes in the values of chlorophyll, flavonoids and NBI during the experiment are also identical for seedlings of woody and tree-shrub plants, both when planting seedlings directly in citrogypsum soil, and when planting the corresponding seedlings in sandy loam chernozem.

In addition, when citrogypsum was removed from the upper layers of the dump horizon, the presence of humic substance was noted in it, which is formed as a result of the deposition of seeds of herbaceous plants from the environment and their further growth and development, which increases the fertile properties of citrogypsum when used as a single-component soil.

If necessary, the content of microelements in citrogypsum can be increased by adding appropriate fertilizers when watering planted plants.

Thus, it has been proven that the use of waste from the production of citrogypsum citric acid as a single-component soil without preliminary preparation and treatment makes it possible to obtain values for the development of woody and tree-shrub plants corresponding to chernozem. The obtained result indicates the possibility of highly effective use of citrogypsum as a single-component soil for growing plants in landscape design when landscaping areas due to its attractive appearance. It also contributes to solving the issues of creating waste-free production of citric acid and preventing environmental pollution.

Claims (1)

A method of using citrogypsum as a one-component soil for growing seedlings of trees and trees and shrubs, including selecting citrogypsum from dumps at landfills, planting plant seedlings in the selected mass of citrogypsum, after planting each seedling is watered with water in the amount of 10 liters, then drips are carried out for a month watering at the root of each plant two days later at night for 4-5 hours at the rate of 0.01 cubic meter of water per plant; after the end of the month-long adaptation of the seedlings, artificial watering is stopped.