RU2802069C1 - Berry picking device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: forestry; agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention is intended for collection of berries and fruits, primarily wild plants. The device for picking berries contains a single-axle trolley with wheels, on which a berry picking unit is fixed, kinematically connected to the wheels of the trolley, and a hopper for receiving berries. The berry picking unit is made in form of two metal disks, between which there are four combs formed by rows of L-shaped elements fixed between the metal disks with the possibility of combing the bushes of wild plants during rotation of the berry picking unit from the bottom up and capturing the berries with the inner part of the L-shaped elements. When the berry picking unit is further rotated, the plucked berries are rolled along the inner part of the L-shaped elements and rolled down along the outer surface of other L-shaped elements into the berry receiving hopper located along the entire berry picking unit.

EFFECT: device for picking berries allows to reduce labor intensity and increase the productivity of picking berries compared to manual picking.

1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to forestry and agriculture and is intended for the collection of berries and fruits, primarily wild plants.

Known devices in the form of stripping scoops for collecting wild berries, the so-called "harvesters", consisting of a hopper with a handle located on top and rigid parallel rods that make up a comb for stripping berry bushes, see RF patent No. 2137344, 6 A 01 D 46/00 or USSR No. 1117005, class. A 01 D 46/00. The disadvantage of this type of device is low productivity, since the collection is carried out manually.

Known apparatus for picking berries US 1360473, which is a trolley on 4 wheels, driven by muscle power, including a frame fixed in the center, along the contour of which move L-shaped combs picking berries. The combs are driven by a chain drive, which is kinematically connected to one pair of wheels. The berries are combed up and poured into a bunker, which is also fixed in the center of the frame. The disadvantages of this device include the complex implementation of the kinematic transmission, which is provided by several gears and chain drives, which leads to a lot of weight and problems in maintenance and reliability.

A device for collecting cotton US 24609 is known, consisting of a frame on a single-axle trolley, a cotton collection unit, which is a freely hanging chain with cotton hooks, which is driven by a gear kinematically connected to one of the wheels of the trolley, as well as a hopper for collecting cotton, located across the entire width of the device. The cotton is transferred to the hopper by means of a rotating brush connected to the picker gear. The disadvantages of this design include the use of a brush to drop the cotton into the hopper, this method leads to the loss of a significant part of the product when the cotton is brushed off the hooks.

A device for picking berries US 2005/0050876 is known, consisting of a frame on wheels, a berry picking unit, in which rotating combs are located, and a transport conveyor, which are driven by a motor and belt drives. This device is distinguished by the complex mechanics of the berry picking unit, which leads to a decrease in reliability and an increase in cost.

Also known is a device for collecting berries of the USSR No. 1329662, class. A 01 D 46/00, consisting of a single-axle trolley, on which a berry picking unit is fixed, kinematically connected to the wheels of the trolley, made in the form of a rotor with a U-shaped comb, and a catcher-conveyor - in the form of an auger with right and left winding, according to to which the berry is moved to the storage bin. This device is the closest to the proposed invention in terms of technical implementation and principle of operation and is selected as a prototype.

The prototype has the following critical disadvantages:

1. The complex design of the berry picking unit and the catcher-conveyor.

2. Poor quality of harvested berries due to auger damage.

The technical result of the invention is aimed at simplifying the design and improving the quality characteristics of the resulting product.

Improvements are achieved due to the fact that the berry picking unit is made in the form of two metal disks between which there are four combs, which are formed by rows of L-shaped elements, the number of which may vary depending on the conditions for picking berries, and the location of the berry receiving bin under the collection unit berries. The berry picking unit is fixed on the frame by means of rolling bearings and can be rotated by means of a belt drive from the wheels of the device. It is also possible to replace the belt drive with a motor to rotate the berry picking unit without the use of muscle power. Rotating, the berry picking unit combs the bush from the bottom up, picking the berries with the inner part of the L-shaped elements, after which the plucked berries, when the berry picking unit is further rotated, roll along the inside of the L-shaped elements and roll down the outer surface of other L-shaped elements into the bunker for receiving berries, located along the entire berry picking unit. This design makes it possible to abandon the conveyor-catcher containing the auger, improve the quality of the harvested berries, as well as simplify the device and improve its weight and size characteristics.

General view of the device is shown in Fig.1. Figure 2 shows a drawing of the invention with the numbers of its main parts. Figure 3 presents the site of the collection of berries in section, illustrating the shape of the combs and the principle of collecting berries.

The device for picking berries consists of a single-axle cart with a handle 1, a berry picker 2, which is attached to the cart by a frame 3 and is kinematically connected to the wheels of the cart 4 by means of pulleys 5,6 and a belt drive 7, as well as a bin for receiving berries 8, free fixed under the berry picker.

The device for picking berries works as follows:

Before picking the berries, the device is brought into working condition, a belt is pulled between the pulleys. To pick berries, the user moves the device with the help of wheels through the bushes of wild plants, pressing the handle and lifting the berry picking unit above the surface. The berry picking unit combs the bush from bottom to top with rows of l-shaped elements, capturing berries and passing branches in the cavity between the elements. With further rotation of the berry picking unit, the plucked berry moves down the inner part of the l-shaped elements under the action of gravity, and then rolls onto the outer surface of other l-shaped elements, after which it enters the berry receiving bin. When the berry receiving hopper is full, the collection stops and the hopper is emptied by pouring into another container, after which it returns to its original position to continue working.

The berry picking unit is made in the form of two round disks made of steel sheet st.3 2 mm thick, 300 mm in diameter, between which there are 4 rows of L-shaped combs, one half of which describes a circle, and the other half is directed towards the axis. L-shaped elements are made of PETG plastic using 3D printing and are fixed to the discs using pairs of 4 mm studs. The berry picking unit is mounted on bearings to a frame made of a square metal pipe with a section of 20x20 mm. Tubeless wheels from a scooter with a diameter of 195 mm are used as wheels. To transfer rotation to the berry picking unit, metal pulleys with a S-900 V-belt are used. The bunker for receiving berries is made of sheet duralumin 1 mm thick.

Claims (1)

A device for picking berries, containing a single-axle cart with wheels, on which a berry picking unit is fixed, kinematically connected to the wheels of the cart, and a berry picking hopper, while the berry picking unit is made in the form of two metal disks, between which four combs are located, characterized in that that the combs are formed by rows of l-shaped elements fixed between metal disks with the possibility of combing when the berry picking unit rotates wild bushes from the bottom up and grabbing the berries with the inner part of the l-shaped elements, after which the plucked berries are rolled along the inner part when the berry picking unit is further rotated l-shaped elements and roll down on the outer surface of other l-shaped elements into the berry receiving bin located along the entire berry picking unit.