RU2796255C2 - Sonorous gusli - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: musical instruments.
SUBSTANCE: invention relates in particular to the class of folk neck-less or harp-like multi-stringed instruments, being an improved model of the Novgorod gusli found in archaeological excavations. The sonorous gusli include an acoustic body with upper and lower soundboards and a shell, a stand for strings, a bar for fixing strings, tuning pins, with a damper bar spring-loaded in a vertical plane mounted above the strings and the top soundboard, parallel to the stand and installed pins, the gusli are configured with a moderator (damper), made in the form of an additional metal bar, mounted on the side of the stand towards the end of the body, with the ability to move in a vertical plane with a felt roller protruding above the bar.

EFFECT: technical result is an increase in the performance capabilities of the instrument associated with the production of jerky short sounds.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of musical instruments, in particular, to the class of folk fretless or harp multi-stringed instruments, being an improved model of the Novgorod gusli found in archaeological excavations (their age is the 7th century AD).

Pterygoid harps are known, see ru.wikipedia.org Gusli, consisting of a resonator body with 5-23 strings stretched over it, forming a diatonic scale, with an opening - the front part of the body extending beyond the resonator chamber and a number of pegs. The opener creates the necessary support for the left hand of the musician when the harp is on his knees in a vertical or semi-inclined position.

The disadvantages of the well-known wing-shaped harp include the constancy of the sound of the instrument with limited possibilities for the musician to change the duration of the extracted sounds.

More advanced designs of the harp are known - these are modern gusli voiced wing-shaped and voiced harp trapezoidal, consisting of a body with an upper and lower soundboard, with a rosette, a shell, a stand for strings, a saddle, a metal bar for fixing strings, virbels for tuning. See livemaster.ru Harp trapezoidal "Voiced" 19 strings, maximum configuration.

The disadvantages of the well-known musical instrument include: low performance capabilities associated with the limited possibilities of instrumental influence on it, it is impossible to quickly drown out sounds over the entire range, difficulties in playing music with rapidly alternating short sounds.

The technical result of the proposed device is to eliminate the shortcomings of the prototype, in particular, to increase the performance capabilities of the instrument associated with obtaining jerky short sounds.

The set technical result is achieved by using a combination of known features common with the prototype, including: an acoustic body with upper and lower soundboards and a shell, a stand for strings, a bar for fixing strings, tuning pins and new features, consisting in the fact that above the strings on the upper soundboard parallel to the stand and pins installed, a damper bar spring-loaded in a vertical plane is mounted, while the harp is equipped with a moderator (mute) made in the form of an additional metal bar mounted on the side of the stand towards the end of the body with the ability to move in a vertical plane with a felt roller protruding above the bar.

The novelty of the proposed harp is the installation of a damper bar above the strings on the upper deck, parallel to the installed stand and virbels, spring-loaded in a vertical plane, while the harp is equipped with a moderator (mute) made in the form of an additional metal bar mounted on the side of the stand with the ability to move in a vertical plane with a roller of cloth protruding above the bar.

Thus, mounting above the strings and above the top deck, parallel to the stand and the pins, spring-loaded in the vertical plane of the damper bar allows you to abruptly stop the sound of the strings during the game by lowering the damper bar onto the strings.

The presence of a moderator in the gusli, made in the form of an additional metal bar, mounted on the side of the stand towards the end of the case with the ability to move in a vertical plane with a roller of cloth protruding above the bar, makes it possible to soften the sound of the strings by raising the additional moderator bar mounted on side of the stand, until a soft touch, mounted on a bar of cloth roller, harp strings.

The patent information search carried out in the process of preparing the application materials did not reveal a combination of the proposed known and new features of the proposed invention in the patent and scientific and technical literature, which allows us to classify the features as having novelty.

Since the proposed combination of features is not known from the existing level of technology and allows to obtain a higher technical result, the combination of known and proposed new essential features can be recognized as meeting the criterion of inventive step.

The description of the implementation of the proposed device and the experimental work carried out make it possible to classify the proposed device as industrially feasible.

In FIG. 1 schematically shows a general view of the proposed musical instrument - a voiced harp with a damper bar and a moderator (mute), made in the form of an additional metal bar.

In FIG. 2 schematically shows the moderator in an elevated position.

In FIG. 3 shows the moderator in a lowered position.

The proposed musical instrument - a sonorous harp - consists of an acoustic body containing an upper deck 1, above which strings 2 are located, virbels 3 for tuning, a stand 4 for strings 2 is rigidly fixed with cutouts on which strings 2 lie in a horizontal plane. Above the strings 2 on on the upper deck 1 parallel to the installed stand 4 and pins 3, a damper bar 6 spring-loaded in the vertical plane is mounted using vertical guides 5. On the side of the stand 4 towards the end 7 of the body, with the possibility of moving in the vertical plane, a moderator is mounted, an additional metal bar 8, on which a cloth roller 9 is fixed, protruding above the bar 8. The moderator is raised by turning the lever 10 connected to the eccentric 11 and the pusher 12. The plate 13, on which the strings 2 are fixed, is closed by a protective casing 14. On the nut 15 is mounted metal support strip 16 for strings 2. Damper bar 6 is spring-loaded by springs 17.

The proposed sonorous harp works as follows:

To extract the usual sounds of strings, it is enough to use known methods of extracting sound to act on one or more strings 2. To interrupt the normal sound of string 2, the musician, by lightly pressing the damper bar 6, smoothly or sharply, depending on the nature of the music and the pressing speed, smoothly or abruptly stops the sound strings. When playing various melodies, in some cases, some softening of the sound of the strings is required without stopping the sound. To do this, the musician uses a moderator, with the help of which a soft touch of the cloth roller on the strings softens their sound, for which, by turning the lever 10 through the eccentric Pi pusher 12, the metal bar 8 is raised. reciprocating movement of the strap 8 with the roller 9, you can use a simple device - a hook. There is a softened muffled sound of the strings.

Thus, the sonorous psaltery acquires new functionality not previously used on similar instruments. As a result of using the proposed gusli, the musician's performance on this instrument increases, associated with a sharp or smooth cessation of the sound of the strings or obtaining a muffled sound.

At present, the author has made a prototype of the sonorous gusli, which were transferred to the Altai Regional Public Organization "Center for Multi-Stringed Instruments of the Peoples of Altai" for testing, the preliminary results of which showed positive results: by intermittent pressing on the damper bar, it became easy to play music with quickly alternating short and jerky sounds. The instrument can be viewed and heard on the site: https.//gnezdilov.online

Claims (1)

Voiced psaltery, including an acoustic body with upper and lower soundboards and a shell, a stand for strings, a bar for fixing strings, tuning pins, characterized in that a damper bar spring-loaded in a vertical plane is mounted above the strings and above the top soundboard, parallel to the stand and the pins , while the harp is equipped with a moderator - a mute, made in the form of an additional metal bar mounted on the side of the stand towards the end of the body, with the possibility of moving in a vertical plane with a roller of cloth protruding above the bar, using a rotary eccentric or device - hook .

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