JP2006293055A - Stringed instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a stringed instrument superior in versatility or sound and musical expression, by solving the problems of an erhu (a type of Chinese fiddle) as an instrument. <P>SOLUTION: The interval between a neck and strings in the erhu is narrowed, by using a finger board/bridge part so that the load on a hand is reduced. A scale and a numerical notation or a symbolic notation corresponding to the scale are provided to the finger board/bridge part so that the string-pressing position can be recognized visually. Improvement in sound in those, having a structure in which the neck penetrates through a tube is achieved, by providing a neck-fixing member or an arm curvature neck member and by also devising a method of fixing a resonator body, to eliminate those factors that interfere with the vibration of the resonator body, namely those interfering with the acoustics of the resonator body. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

The present invention relates to a stringed musical instrument.

Hereinafter, the conventional erhu described in Non-Patent Document 1 will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG.
21 is a koto head, 22 is a koto shaft, 23 is a koto string, 24 is a koto string, 25 is a koto string, 26 is a koto pipe, 27 is a koto skin, 28 is a koto horse, 29 is a mortarboard, 30 is a koto bow, 31 is a bow hair, 32 is a bow.

  In the conventional erhu structure, a hexagonal koto tube 26 is installed on a cover plate 29, and the koto tube 23 is fixed so as to penetrate the koto tube 26. A hole or a string stopper for stopping two koto strings 24 is provided on the front side of the cover plate 29.

A koto skin 27 is stretched on the front side of the koto tube 26, and a koto horse 28 is provided in the center of the koto skin 27 to transmit the vibration of the koto string 24 to the koto skin 7. There is a koto head 21 at the top of the koto bowl 23, and a koto shaft 25 for winding the string and a koto string 25 for fixing the string.
In addition, there is a method in which a performer can perform while standing by providing a hook or the like on an erhu musical instrument body described in Patent Document 2 and using a shoulder or the like. (For example, see Patent Document 1)
Further, in a stringed instrument that performs a performance by rubbing a string using a bow, taking the violin described in Non-Patent Document 2 as an example, the volume or the volume is controlled by the lower frame 45 of FIG. There is a change in sound quality. As the distance 43 between the lower piece 45 and the chord position is reduced, the sound volume increases accordingly, and the number of overtones, which are important elements for creating a rich tone, increases. In other words, in a bowed instrument, the relationship between the lower piece and the bowing position is an important element in music expression.

Japanese Patent Publication No. 10-293587 “Introductory Lecture Textbook 1”, published by Toyo Bunka P9 "Philosophy of rendition" Zenon Music Publisher, published on July 25, 2001 by Shinichi Suzuki P44

The conventional erhu described in Non-Patent Document 1 described above has a gap between the koto strings 24 and the koto strings 23, and the performance requires a certain size of hands. In other words, people with small hands and fingers are required to open their hands and fingers when playing, and the movement is a heavy burden on the hands and hurts the muscles and joints of the hands.

  A koto 23 is fixed so as to penetrate the koto 26. This structure inhibits the resonance of the koto cylinder 26 and significantly reduces the acoustic effect.

  Further, the bow hair 31 cannot be taken below the upper portion of the koto cylinder 26, and the distance between the bow hair 31 and the koto horse 28 is about 4 cm. This is an unthinkably wide interval in Western instruments such as violins described in Non-Patent Document 2.

  Erhu has no fingerboard. If the violin described in Non-Patent Document 2 is taken as an example, the portion corresponding to the upper piece 44 in FIG. The koto string 25 is usually a string that is wound several times to fix the string. This koto string uses a kite string so that its position can be easily changed according to the length of the performer's arm. However, the pitch position is changed regardless of the intention of the performer because the shape is changed by a small impact that cannot be fixed like a kite string. In other words, since there is no fingerboard and a structure using koto, the player must rely on hearing to distinguish the pitch in order to play the correct pitch. This is impossible for those who have no experience playing musical instruments, and it takes a lot of effort and time to be able to distinguish the pitch.

  As described above, the erhu has room for improvement as a musical instrument in terms of versatility, acoustics, and music expression.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a stringed instrument that is excellent in versatility, sound, and musical expression.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention firstly has an arbitrary shape and structure, a resonance cylinder provided with a lower piece on the front side, and a plurality of string retaining holes for holding a string on the front side. Or a lower member provided with a string stopper, a resonance cylinder support member for providing the resonance cylinder on the upper part of the lower member, a resonance cylinder fixing member for fixing the resonance cylinder, and an upper part having an arbitrary length A string winding portion for winding a plurality of strings, an upper piece provided at a lower part on the front side of the string winding portion, a shape below the upper piece is a circle or an arbitrary shape, or a plane and a curve with an arbitrary width on the front side A neck member composed of a fingerboard and heel part, a scale indicating each pitch position at the time of stringing on the fingerboard and heel part, and a numerical notation or symbol notation corresponding to each scale, and the front surface of the lower piece Pass through the left side and touch the lower piece and the resonance cylinder. Whole had position by as neck fixing member for fixing the said neck member and the lower member to provide a composed stringed instrument.
Secondly, the lower part of the neck member is bent, the arm passes through the left side of the lower piece and passes through a position where it does not contact the lower piece and the resonance cylinder, and is fixed to the lower member, and does not require the neck fixing member. Provided is a stringed instrument characterized by providing a curved neck member.
Thirdly, it has an arbitrary length, passes over the lower piece, and passes between the string and the resonance cylinder, and is attached to the neck fixing member according to claim 1 or the arm bend neck member according to claim 2. The stringed musical instrument according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a bow support member provided by a detachable method such as a screw or insertion.

The operation of the above solution is as follows. That is, in fixing the lower member and the resonance drum of the present invention, which corresponds to the conventional erhu slat and koto, the resonance drum support member is provided between the lower member and the resonance drum, and the resonance for fixing the resonance drum is also provided. A trunk fixing member was provided. The resonance cylinder support member and the resonance cylinder fixing member are provided for the purpose of minimizing the contact area for fixing the resonance cylinder and minimize the vibration of the resonance cylinder, that is, the element that hinders the sound of the resonance cylinder. Only the vibration of the resonance cylinder, that is, the sound of the resonance cylinder was improved. In addition, in the conventional erhu, violin, and other stringed instruments, the neck and the resonance cylinder are integrated, so that the vibration of the resonance cylinder, that is, the sound of the resonance cylinder, has been obstructed. By providing the member, the neck and the resonance cylinder were separated, so that the vibration of the resonance cylinder, that is, the improvement of the sound of the resonance cylinder could be achieved.
In addition, a fingerboard and heel part was provided, and by narrowing the distance between the koto and koto strings in the traditional erhu, the need to hold down the strings was reduced, minimizing the burden on the hands.

  In addition, by providing a scale on the fingerboard and heel part, it becomes possible to visually check the position where the string is pressed, and by providing a numerical notation or symbol notation on the scale, a musical score can be read using a numerical score or a TAB score, Easy to check the string position.

  In addition, the upper piece and the lower piece provide a constant string position, reducing the need to pay attention to the correctness of the pitch that you are playing, and allowing you to concentrate on learning the performance expression technique.

  Further, by providing the neck fixing member and the arm bending neck member, it becomes possible to bring the bow hair to a position where it can be brought into contact with the lower piece. In other words, it is now possible to change the position of the chord as desired by the performer, enabling more detailed performance expressions. Moreover, since the bow hair can be brought closer to the lower piece, it is possible to obtain harmonic overtones richer than erhu.

As described above, the stringed musical instrument of the present invention was able to improve the versatility, acoustic aspect, and musical expression of erhu.

This will be described with reference to FIG. Resonating body 5 having an arbitrary shape and structure, provided with a lower piece on the front side, a lower member 9 provided with a plurality of string fixing holes 11 or string fixing portions 11 for holding a string on the front side, and A resonance cylinder support member 8 for providing the resonance cylinder 5 on the upper part of the lower member 9, a resonance cylinder fixing member 7 for fixing the resonance cylinder 5, and a plurality of strings having an arbitrary length and wound on the upper part. The upper part 2 provided at the lower part on the front side of the string winding part 1 and the lower part from the upper part 2 are formed by a circle or an arbitrary shape or the front side is constituted by a plane of an arbitrary width and a curve of the circle. A neck member 3 comprising: a fingerboard / cradle part 3; a scale 12 representing each pitch position when stringing the fingerboard / cradle part 3; and a numerical notation 13 or a symbol notation 13 corresponding to each of the scales 12. The number is used in combination with the fingerboard and heel part) Yet stringed instrument generally by lower frame 6 and the co Nado 5 through the neck position not in contact with the member 10 and the lower member 9 and the neck fixing member 10 for fixing the can, characterized in that it is configured.
The lower part of the neck member 3 is bent, and passes through the left side of the lower piece 6 and passes through a position where it does not contact the lower piece 6 and the resonance cylinder 5, and is fixed to the lower member 9. A stringed musical instrument characterized in that an unnecessary arm bending neck member 15 is provided.
3. The neck fixing member 10 of claim 1 or the arm bend neck of claim 2 having an arbitrary length, passing over the lower piece 6 and passing between the string 4 and the resonance drum 5. A stringed musical instrument characterized in that it has a bow support member 14 provided on the member 15 by a detachable method such as screw or insertion.

  Hereinafter, it demonstrates in detail based on FIGS.

In FIG. 1, the present invention will be explained. 1 is an example of a string winding portion, 2 is an upper piece, 3 is a fingerboard / heel portion, and a neck member is constituted by the string winding portion 1, the upper piece 2, and the fingerboard / heel portion 3, The number is used together with the fingerboard / buttock. Reference numeral 4 is a string, and 5 is a resonance cylinder. In the figure, a cylinder and a resonance plate are provided in front of the cylinder. Reference numeral 6 denotes a lower piece, 7 denotes a resonance cylinder fixing member, 8 denotes a resonance cylinder support member, and 9 denotes a lower member. The resonance cylinder 5 is fixed to the lower member 9 by the resonance cylinder fixing member 7 and the resonance cylinder support member 8. . Reference numeral 10 denotes a neck fixing member, which fixes the positions of both the neck member 3 and the lower member 9 and also plays an important role of separating the neck member 3 and the resonance drum 5 from each other. Reference numeral 11 denotes a string stopper for stopping a plurality of strings, and a hole or a string stopper may be provided for stopping the strings. Reference numeral 12 denotes a scale, which can be read using a TAB score or a numerical score. Reference numeral 14 denotes a bow support member, which is used when learning the basic operation of a bow, such as pushing and pulling a bow, for beginners who cannot manipulate the bow freely.
In FIG. 4, the arm bending neck member 15 which does not require the neck fixing member 10 of Claim 2 is described.
The use example of the above configuration will be described with reference to FIG.
When the performer is seated, the lower member 9 is placed on the thigh of the left foot, the index finger of the left hand is attached between the thumb and the fingerboard / cradle part 3 and the arbitrary position of the string 4 is pushed by pulling the force. To do. The position of the pressed string is based on the scale 12 and the numbered score 13 or the notation 13 corresponding to the scale 12.
The stringed instrument 52 of the present invention shown in FIG. 8 refers to the stringed instrument shown in FIG. The bow hair 31 of the koto bow 30 of FIG. 6 used in the erhu is passed between the two strings 4, and a hand is put on the fingerboard / buttock part to perform in the same manner as the erhu. When the bow hair support member 14 is mounted, the bow hair 31 is passed between the two strings 4 so that the bow hair 31 is positioned on the bow hair support member 14.

Front view showing an embodiment of the present invention Left side view of the stringed instrument of the present invention as viewed from the front Left side view of the same front A partial view of the present invention, centering on the embodiment of the arm bend neck member of claim 2 Illustration of Erhu Illustration of an erhu koto bow that can be used in the present invention Violin simplified illustration Example of playing the stringed instrument of the present invention

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 String winding part 2 Upper piece 3 Fingerboard and heel part 4 String 5 Resonance drum 6 Lower piece 7 Resonance drum fixing member 8 Resonance drum support member 9 Lower member 10 Neck fixing member 11 String stopper 12 Scale 13 Number notation or symbol notation ( Figures 1, 2, 3 and 8 describe examples in numerical notation)
14 Bow support member 15 Arm bend neck member according to claim 2

21 Koto 22 Koto 23 Koto 24 Koto 25 Koto 26 Kototsu 27 Kotohide 28 Kotoma 29 Sakai plate 30 Koto bow 31 Bow hair 32

41 Violin 42 Violin bow 43 Distance between lower piece and string position 44 Upper piece

51 A player who sits and performs 52 An embodiment of the present invention with reference to claim 1

Claims (3)

Resonance drum having an arbitrary shape and structure, provided with a lower piece on the front side, a lower member provided with a plurality of string retaining holes or string retaining portions on the front side, and an upper portion of the lower member A resonance cylinder supporting member for providing the resonance cylinder, a resonance cylinder fixing member for fixing the resonance cylinder, a string winding portion having an arbitrary length and winding a plurality of strings on the upper portion, and a string winding portion An upper piece provided at the lower part on the front side, and a fingerboard and heel part in which the shape below the upper piece is a circle or an arbitrary shape, or the front side is constituted by a plane of an arbitrary width and a circular curve, and the fingerboard and heel part A neck member composed of a scale representing each pitch position when stringing and a numerical notation or a symbol notation corresponding to each scale, and a left side facing the front of the lower piece and contacting the lower piece and the resonance cylinder The neck member and the lower member are fixed Stringed whole is constituted by a neck fixing member that. An arm bent neck that does not require the neck fixing member, the lower part of the neck member being bent, passing through the left side of the lower piece, and passing through a position that does not contact the lower piece and the resonance cylinder. The stringed instrument according to claim 1, wherein a member is provided. 3. The neck fixing member according to claim 1 or the neck member according to claim 2, wherein the neck fixing member has an arbitrary length, passes over the lower piece, and passes between the string and the resonance cylinder. 3. A stringed musical instrument according to claim 1 or 2, comprising a bow support member provided in a possible manner.

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