RU2789561C1 - Heating and cooking oven - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: thermal power engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of thermal power engineering, in particular to devices for heating the interior of premises, for cooking and heating food, running on solid fuel. Heating and cooking furnace contains a housing with supports, in which a combustion chamber with a door and a flue, a grate, an ash pan with a door are located, the upper part of the housing contains a cooking surface with an opening and a lid, and a chimney. On the front wall of the furnace body there is a door for cleaning the flue, which has four or more channels formed by movable plates with handles to control the path of flue gases. The chimney is equipped with a draft control damper. The hob is equipped with a removable fire chamber with a door and an exhaust duct connected to the chimney with the possibility of being closed by a damper.

EFFECT: increasing the efficiency of solid fuel heating and cooking stoves, reducing the warm-up time of the cooking surface and the entire stove, smooth adjustment of the heating of the flame chamber, maintaining the temperature, eliminating carbon monoxide emissions and spark extinguishing.

1 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of thermal power engineering, in particular to devices for heating the interior space of premises, for cooking and heating food, operating on solid fuel.

Known heating furnace with a hob [1], containing a housing with supports, which houses the combustion chamber with a door, a grate, an ash pan and a chimney. The furnace body is equipped with side screens, the front and rear walls of the body are provided with diagonal grooves for changing the position of the screens, while the screens are equipped with rods for movement in the grooves.

The disadvantage of this design is the low efficiency of heating the room due to the low efficiency of the furnace, due to large heat losses with high-temperature combustion products leaving the furnace.

A well-known design of a furnace for mobile structures with a movable damper and a spark arrester [2], containing a housing in which a combustion chamber with a door, a grate, an ash pan with an ash pan drawer, a chimney, a protective casing-convector and supports are located, while the combustion chamber contains a damper with the possibility of its movement and a spark arrester adjacent to the combustion chamber, consisting of a cavity and a chimney pipe immersed in it.

The disadvantage of this design is the small volume of the combustion chamber limited by the spark arrester, and the low efficiency of heating the room due to the low efficiency of the furnace due to the small number of flues.

The closest prototype of the proposed invention is an economical stove for giving N. Pyankov [3], containing a housing with supports, in which a combustion chamber with a door and a flue, a grate, an ash pan with a door are located, while the upper part of the housing contains a cooking hole with a lid and chimney.

The disadvantages of this design are the low thermal efficiency of the furnace due to the small number of gas ducts and the absence of a damper in the chimney, the long heating of the cooking surface and the entire furnace, and the possibility of carbon monoxide emissions during the initial start-up due to the rigidly fixed two gas duct plates, the absence of a flame chamber above the hob and the difficulty of cleaning the gas ducts.

The present invention is aimed at increasing the efficiency of solid fuel heating and cooking stoves, reducing the heating time of the cooking surface and the entire stove, eliminating carbon monoxide emissions and improving the performance of the stove by creating additional adjustable gas duct channels with a door for cleaning them, a flame chamber with an exhaust a channel connected to a chimney installed above the hob and installing a damper in the chimney.

The problem is solved by the fact that the heating and cooking furnace, containing a housing with supports, in which there is a combustion chamber with a door and a flue, a grate, an ash pan with a door, while the upper part of the housing contains a cooking hole with a lid and a chimney, characterized in that that on the front wall of the furnace body there is a door for cleaning the gas duct, which has four or more channels formed by movable plates with handles for regulating the path of flue gases, the chimney is equipped with a draft control damper, and the cooking surface is equipped with a removable combustion chamber with a door and an exhaust duct connected to chimney with the possibility of overlapping due to the damper.

The proposed design of the heating and cooking stove, due to its distinctive features, provides a solution to the task of increasing the efficiency of solid fuel stoves, reducing the heating time of the cooking surface and the entire stove, eliminating carbon monoxide emissions and improving the performance of the stove.

The design of the heating and cooking furnace is illustrated by figures 1 - 5.

In FIG. 1 shows a general view of the heating and cooking furnace.

In FIG. 2 shows the mode of heating the chimney to increase draft.

In FIG. 3 shows the mode of the maximum temperature of the hob and in the flame chamber.

In FIG. 4 shows the mode of maximum heat transfer to the room and the lowest temperature of the hob and in the flame chamber.

In FIG. 5 shows the additional temperature control modes.

The device includes a housing with supports 7 (Fig. 1), in which a combustion chamber 4 with a door 3 and a flue 6, a grate 16, an ash pan 1 with a door 2 are located, while the upper part of the housing contains a hob 18 with a hole and a lid 17, and a chimney 12, a door 5 is installed on the front wall of the furnace body for cleaning the gas duct, which has four or more channels formed by movable plates 15 with handles 14 to control the path of passage of flue gases, the chimney 12 is equipped with a draft control damper 13, and the hob 18 is equipped with a removable flame chamber 9 with a door 8 and an exhaust duct 10 connected to the chimney 12 with the possibility of closing due to the damper 11.

The heating and cooking stove operates as follows (Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5): the damper 13 in the chimney 12 is fully opened, and the damper 11 in the exhaust duct 10 is completely closed, after which the fuel (for example, firewood) is loaded into combustion chamber 4 and set on fire. In this case, the door 2 of the ash pan 1 opens, opening the access of air to the combustion area through the grate 16. The amount of air supplied for combustion is regulated by the degree of opening of the door 2 of the ash pan 1, and the draft in the chimney 12 is controlled by turning the damper 13. At the first stage, during the time of ignition and warming up of the walls of the chimney 12, the gas-flame flow moves, from the combustion chamber 4 due to the position of the movable plates 15, to the chimney 12 along the shortest path. To do this, all the movable plates 15 with the help of handles 14 are extended to the extreme forward position. The task at the first stage of the “ignition” is to provide the smallest hydraulic resistance to a gas -flaming stream. This allows you to melt the furnace and warm its chimney 12 faster without emission of smoke through the door 3 of combustion chambers 4.

At the second stage, after the walls of the chimney 12 are warmed up, the force of pressure discharge in it becomes sufficient so that it is possible to start moving (push) the movable plates 15 into the “working mode” position. The gas-flame flow begins to move along a predetermined path, passing various distances under the cooking surface 18, which quickly heats up, while the temperature in the combustion chamber 9 rises.

In the fire chamber 9, if desired, you can place a heat-accumulating stone bookmark for organizing bath procedures, or use it for cooking. At the same time, the movable plates 15 provide during the operation of the furnace the ability to regulate the degree of heating of its hob 18 and the temperature in the combustion chamber 9, using the handles 14, as well as due to the different degree of opening of the damper 11. If you need to reduce the degree of heating of the hob 18 and the temperature in the flame chamber 9, it is enough to adjust the position of the movable plates 15, increasing the path of movement of the flue gases or redirect the gas-flame flow into the chimney 12 along a short path bypassing the movement of gases under the cooking surface 18. Intermediate positions of the movable plates 15 are also possible for stepless adjustment of the degree of heating cooking surface 18 and the temperature in the flame chamber 9.

Due to the exhaust channel 10 and the discharge in the chimney 12, the release of fat, soot and fumes from the cooked food is excluded, while maintaining the cleanliness of the air in the room during cooking.

If necessary, the heating and cooking furnace can be operated without the flame chamber 9 by disconnecting it together with the exhaust channel 10 from the furnace body 7 and the chimney 12, while the hole in the chimney 12 is hermetically closed by the damper 11.

The design of the heating and cooking furnace, due to additional adjustable gas ducts with a door for cleaning them, a flame chamber with an exhaust duct connected to a chimney installed above the cooking surface, and installing a damper in the chimney, increases the efficiency of solid fuel furnaces, reduces warm-up time of the cooking surface and the entire furnace, smooth adjustment of the heating of the flame chamber, temperature maintenance, exclusion of carbon monoxide emissions and spark extinguishing due to the increased length of the flue, improving the performance of the furnace.

References

1. Pat. RU 204521 U1 Russian Federation, IPC F24B 1/26, F24B 1/02. Heating stove with hob [Text] / Sazonov Mikhail Valerievich; applicant and patentee Mikhail Valerievich Sazonov, Appl. 08/20/2020; publ. 05/28/2021

2. Pat. RU 145329 U1 Russian Federation, IPC F24B 1/189. A furnace for mobile structures with a movable damper and a spark catcher [Text] / Alexey Alexandrovich Sychev; applicant and patentee Sychev Alexey Alexandrovich, Appl. 03/12/2014; publ. 20.09.2014

3. www.mukhin.ru Everything about building houses. [Electronic resource] / An economical stove for a summer residence. – Access mode: http://www.mukhin.ru/new_house/fireplaces_stoves_barbecue/53_economical_stove. Accessed 15.06.2022

Claims (1)

Heating and cooking furnace, containing a housing with supports, in which there is a combustion chamber with a door and a flue, a grate, an ash pan with a door, while the upper part of the housing contains a hob with a hole and a lid and a chimney, characterized in that on the front wall the furnace body is equipped with a door for cleaning the gas duct, which has four or more channels formed by movable plates with handles to control the path of flue gases, the chimney is equipped with a draft control damper, and the hob is equipped with a removable flame chamber with a door and an exhaust duct connected to the chimney with the possibility of overlapping due to the damper.

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